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Home , Barkakana, Bhurkunda, Bokaro River, Chitarpur, Dulmi, Hazaribagh district

District Survey Report of Stone District- Ramgarh

Prepared in accordance with Para 7 (iii) a of S.O.3611 (E) Dated 25th July 2018 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Notification

August 2018 District Survey Report (Stone), ,

CONTENT

CHAPTER NO. Description Page No. Preamble 1 1. Introduction 2-3 2. Overview of mining activity in the district 4-5 3. General profile of the District 6-13 4. Geology of the district 14-15 5. Drainage of Irrigation pattern 16 6. Land Utilization Pattern of the District: Forest, Agricultural, 17 Horticultural, Mining etc. 7. Surface water and Ground water Scenario of the district 18-21 8. Rainfall of the District and Climatic Condition 22 9. Details of Mining leases in the district 23-30 10. Detail of Royalty or Revenue received in last 3 years 31 11. Detail of production of minor in last 3 years 31 12. Mineral Map of the District 32 13. List of Letter of Intent(LOI) Holders in the District 33 14. Total Mineral Reserves Available in the District 33-34 15. Quality / Grade of Mineral Available in the District 34 16. Use of Mineral 34-35 17. Demand and Supply of the Mineral in the last three years 35

18. Mining Leases Marked on the Map of the District 36 19. Details of the area where there is a cluster of mining leases 36 20. Details of Eco-Sensitive Area in the District 37 21. Impact on the Environment due to mining activity 37-38 22. Remedial Measures to mitigate the impact of mining on the 39 Environment 23. Reclamation of Mined out area 40 24. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan 41-43 25. Details of occupational Health issues in the District 44 26. Plantation and Green Belt development in respect of leases already 45-46 granted in the District 27. Any Other Information 47 28. References 48 District Survey Report (Stone), Ramgarh District, Jharkhand

PREAMBLE

In Compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change S.O. 3611 (E) Dated 25.07.2018, Whereas , The Ministry of Environment , Forest and Climate Change has amended the said Notification vide S.O. 141(E) dated 15th January 2016 the procedure for preparation of District survey report of minor mineral has been prescribed; And whereas , the Hon’ble High Court of Jharkhand at in its order dated 11th April 2018 and 19th June ,2018 W.P.(PIL)No.290 of 2013, has inter-alia directed the preparation of District Survey Report of Minor Mineral other than Sand and Bajri to the State Government/or District Environment Impact Assessment Authority and District Expert Appraisal Committee is in accordance appendix 10 of the notification.

It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of District Survey Report is as per notification guidelines. Every effort have been made to cover stone mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to Geology & mineral wealth in stone deposits. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources, geographical set up, environmental and ecological set up of the District and is based on data of various departments, published reports, and websites. Therefore, it is recommended that Sub Divisional Level Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects / data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority.

The Main objective of the preparation of District Survey Report is to ensure the following:- 1. Identification of Mineral Resources in the district. 2. Identification of areas of minor having the potential where mining can be allowed. And 3. Identification of area and proximity to infrastructure and installations where mining should be prohibited.

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Location and Geographical Area :- Ramgarh was made a district on 12 September 2007. It was carved out of erstwhile District. Ramgarh lies at the heart of the Jharkhand State. It is bounded in the North-West by the , in the North-East by , in the East by of West state and in the South by Ranchi districts. The district is situated between 230 25’ 30” North to 230 58’ 00”North latitude and 850 12’ 00” East to 850 53’ 00” East longitude, having an area of 1360.08 km2. The district falls in Survey of Toposheet Nos. 73 E/2, 73 E/ 5, 73 E/6, 73 E/9, 73 E/10, 73 E/ 11, 73 E/ 14 and 73 E/ 15.

1.2 Administrative Units:- Ramgarh is the only administrative sub-division of the district Ramgarh. Ramgarh district consists of six blocks namely – Ramgarh,Gola, , Mandu,, . The District has 143 Panchayats and 351 villages.

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1.3 Connectivity facilities:- By Road: Main National Highways crossing the district are NH-33 and NH-23. Ramgarh is well connected to other major cities of the country via regular buses.

By Rail: There is/are 6 direct train(s) from Ranchi to Ramgarh. These train(s) is/are Rnc Bsb Express (18611), Jharkhand S J Ex (12873), Rou Muri Jat Exp (18109), Bsb Rnc Express (18612), Sbp Bsb Express (18311) etc. The minimum time a train takes to reach Ramgarh from Ranchi is 2h 03m.

By Air: Airport (45 km (28 mi)) at Ranchi is the nearest Airport. Direct links are available to prominent cities such as , , and .

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2. Overview of Mining Activity in the District

The mineral resources of Ramgarh have played a great role in industrialization, social and economic development of the district.

Ramgarh is rich in minerals such as

• • Coal –Bed-Methane • Limestone • Fire Clay • Granite-Gneiss As in other districts of Chotanagpur, Ramgarh district too is endowed with mineral resources. In the district, minerals such as Coal, Limestone, Fire Clay, China Clay, and Quartz are found. These can be termed as Major Minerals. Minor minerals such as Granite, sand etc. are also available in the District.

Photograph 1:- Photograph of Mining Activity

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Photograph 2:- Showing Mining Activity at Lolo Village,

Photograph3:- Showing Mining Activity at Lolo Village, Ramgarh Block

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3. GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT  Ramgarh District is carved out of erstwhile district of Hazaribagh on 12th Sept.2007. The district has subdivision namely Ramgarh and six blocks namely Ramgarh, Gola, Chitarpur, Mandu, Patratu, Dulmi. It holds Strong Position in Mineral Map of Jharkhand. It is bounded in the North-West by the Hazaribagh district, in the North-East by Bokaro, in the East by Purulia district of state and in the South by Ranchi districts.

3.1 Physiography of the District The district is a part of Chotanagpur Plateau. Important physiographic feature of the district is the Damodar Trough/ Basin/Rift zone. This E-W trending rift zone of Damodar valley, presently filled by Gondwana sediments, dissects the Chotanagpur Plateau in to two parts-Ranchi and Hazaribag Plateau.

Barka Pahar (Marang Buru) 1,049m (3,442 ft) high above sea level located along the Ramgarh-Ranchi border is probably the highest peak and it also separates the districts.

3.2 Topography: The general topography of Ramgarh is undulating. The physiographic characteristics of the district are rich with waterfalls, hills, and land with avalanches. Southern fringes of Ramgarh are surrounded by green forest. River Damodar flows through the town.

3.3 Soil: Mainly two type of soil found in District - and Sandy loam. 3.4 Vegetation & Forest:

The district covers 487.93 Sq. Km. forest area. The district is Rich in Flora and Fauna. Government has planned a deer park in the district. The park will come up on 25 acres (10 Ha.) on Gola-Muri Road in Gola Block. 30 Villages in the district is Tuskers affected.

3.5 Demography

As per Census of India 2011, the population of Ramgarh district is about 9.5 Lakh, of which about 52.1 per cent is male and 47.9 per cent female (See Table 1:Overall demographic profile of Ramgarh district)

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The district has a high percentage of people concentrated in urban areas which is about 44.2 percent of the total population; rest 55.8 percent live in rural areas. The district is also densely populated with a population density of 708 per sq km, as compared to India’s population density of 328 per sq km (Census of India, 2011). Table -1: Overall demographic profile of Ramgarh district

Total district population Male Female Urban Rural SC (%) ST (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 949,443 52.1 47.9 44.2 55.8 11.2 21.2 Sex Ratio 921 (Rural-949; Urban-887) Density of Population 708 (per sq km) Decadal Population Growth (%) 13.1 Total households 1,79,375 (Rural-98,829; Urban-80,546) Source: Census of India, 2011

Table -2: Total Population of Ramgarh District as per2011 census

SC ST Name of Total Total SC Total ST the Block Male Female Population Male Female Population Male Female Population

Ramgarh 85780 76041 161821 9314 8819 18133 12029 11807 23836

Gola 76765 73045 149810 6239 5873 12112 22013 21504 43517

Mandu 131486 121546 253032 18055 16960 35015 25970 25523 51493

Patratu 129469 118372 247841 16705 15286 31991 32921 31722 64643

Chitrapur 36737 33964 70701 1975 1819 3794 3634 3516 7150

Dulmi 33993 32245 66238 2698 2613 5311 5334 5193 10527

Total 494230 455213 949443 54986 51370 106356 101901 99265 201166

Source: Census India 2011

3.6 Industries

Ramgarh is an important industrial district of . Several mineral based industries like Steel, Sponge , Cement, Refractory and Thermal Power Plant etc. are established due to availability of Coal and other minerals. Important industrial unit of district are following:-

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Public sector undertaking

 Patratu Thermal Power Station, Patratu  (SAIL) Refractories o IFCO, Marar o Bharat Refractories Ltd. Ranchi Road  C.C.L., Central Repair Work Shop,

Private sector industries

 Jindal Steel & Power Limited (JSPL): Balkudra, Patratu

 Indo-Ashahee Glass Company, Bhadaninagar

 Brahmaputra Metallics Ltd, Kamta, Gola

 Jharkhand Ispat Private Limited,

 Aloke Steels Industries Private Limited, Budhakhap, Karma

 Maa Chhinnamastika Cement and Ispat Private Limited, Budhakhap, Karma

 Sri Cement Company Limited

 DLF Power Limited,

 DLF Power Limited, Argada

 Anindita Trades & Investments Ltd. (Sponge Iron Unit),Senegarha

 Chintpurani Steel Pvt. Ltd., Indra

 Shri Venkatesh Iron & Alloys Ltd, Lapanga

 Dayal Steels Ltd, Chaha

 Sri Ram Power & Steel Pvt. Ltd, Sarubera

 Redeemer Engisoft Pvt Ltd (Software Company), Ramgarh

 Shree Nanak Ferro Alloys Pvt Ltd (Silico Manganese), Rauta, Ranchi Road, Ramgarh

 Burnpur Cement, Patratu

 Inland Power Limited, Inland Nagar, Gola.

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Hard Cock Units

S.No. Unit Name & Address Block

1 M/s. Jai Maa Chinnamastika Fuels , Chitarpur, Mael, Chitarpur Gola

2 M/s Mahamaya Coke Industries, Borobing, Barkipona, Gola Ramgarh

3 M/s Katyayani Coke & Minerals , Karma, Ramgarh Mandu

4 M/s Pawan Solvent & Chemicals, Marar , Ramgarh Mandu

5 M/s Balaji Coke Industries, Bogwar, Bahrechnagar, Mandu Ramgarh

6 M/s Ganesh Hard Cock Co. Bharech Nagar, Ramgarh Mandu

7 M/s Anil Hard Cock Industries , Sweta, Marar Mandu

8 M/s Triveni Fuels, Indira 15 Mael, Mandu, Ramgarh Mandu

9 M/s New Bharat Refractories, Sandi, Bharechnagar, Mandu Ramgarh

10 M/s OM Coke Industries ,Bogawar, Bharechnaar Mandu

11 M/s Durga Cock Co. Bogawar Bharechnagar Mandu

12 M/s Popular Coal & Mineral, , Badgaon, Chainpur Mandu

13 M/s Bharechnagar Cock Manuf. Co. Bharechnagar, Mandu Rmagarh

14 M/s Continental Coke & Minerals Sandi, Bharechnagar Mandu

15 M/s Coke & Minerals Bharechnagar ,Sandi Mandu

16 M/s B.M. Cock &Minerals Sandi, Bharechnagar Mandu

17 M/s. Maa Chinnamastika Fuels Pvt. Ltd. Banadgaon, Chainpur Mandu

18 M/s Balaji Minerals & Cock Pvt. Ltd. Kothiatand,Ramgarh Mandu

19 M/s Maa Sherawali Coke Plant Ltd., Badgaon, Chainpur, Mandu Ramgarh

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Soft Cock Units

1 M/s. Coke Jaishree Fuels Ind. Rauta, Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

2 M/s. Chinnamastike Fuels, Jodkara, Mandu Ramgarh Mandu

3 M/s. Mahalaxmi Fuels, Devmode Bhamni , Chitarpur,Gola Gola

4 M/s. Binod Domestic Fuels,Mandu, Ramgarh Mandu

5 M/s. Classic Coal Constructions Pvt. Ltd. Gola

6 M/s. Sunrise Ent. , Vill- Bhurbanda , Rajrappa, Ramgarh Gola

7 M/s. Rural Domestic Fuels Industries , Balsagra Road, Mandu Mandu Ramgarh

8 M/s. Sushila Coke and Minerals , Rauta, Marar Mandu

9 M/s. East India Coal Corporation , PAINKI Road Digwar Mandu

10 M/s. OLA Coke Industries Bogawar Mandu

11 M/s. Jai Maa Chinnamastike Fuels, Hesapoda, Gola, Ramgarh Gola

12 M/s. Economical Domestic Fuels Ent. Rauta, Marar Mandu

13 M/s. Rural Natural Resourcing Industries, Ratway, Mandu Mandu

14 M/s. Jai Maa Coke and Minerals, Orla, Mandu Mandu

15 M/s. Rajrappa Enterprises, Tewardag Mandu

16 M/s. Okasa Coke Industries, Painki, DigwarMode Mandu

17 M/s. MAA Jagdamba Coke Industries, Mandu Mandu

18 M/s. Eco- Friendly Fuels Ent. Rauta, Marar Mandu

19 M/s. Popular Coke and Mineral Nawadih, Badgaon, Ramgarh Mandu

20 M/s. Shiv Fuel Products , Pochra , Mandu , Ramgarh Mandu

21 M/s. Gautam Industries, Harway, Chainpur Mandu

22 M/s. Nand Rani Industries, RAUTA, Marar Mandu

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23 M/s. Om Sai Coke Minerals, Pochra, Digwar Mandu

24 M/s. Garg Coke Industries, Pochra, Badgaon , Mandu Mandu

Fire Bricks/ Refractories /Coal Grinding/ Sodium Silicate Units

1 M/s. Maa Chinnamastike Coal Works Hehal Patratu Ramgarh Patratu

2 M/s. Okasa Coak Industries, Painki, Digwar Mandu

3 M/s. Mandakini Chemicals Industries, Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

4 M/s. R.P. Minerals, Burhakhap, Karma Mandu

5 M/s. Deepak Refractories, Rauta, Mandu Mandu

6 M/s. Orient Refractories Co. , Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

7 M/s. Kumar Refractories of Minerals , Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

8 M/s. Kolkata Carbide Pvt. Ltd. , Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

9 M/s. Basantpur Washries, Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

10 M/s. Kamdhenu Industries, Rauta, Marar , Mandu Mandu

11 M/s. A B C Minerals , Patharia tand, Karma Mandu

12 M/s. Ambika Enterprises, ,Tutijharna Road, Sandi,Mandu Mandu

13 M/s. Mamta Enterprises, ,Tutijharna Road, Sandi,Mandu Mandu

14 M/s. Sushila Minerals Pvt. Ltd. , KodoBadi,Karma, Ramgarh Mandu

15 M/s. Tirupati Enterprises, , Kaitha ,Ramgarh Mandu

16 M/s. Aman Enterprises, Sandi, Bharechnagar ,Ramgarh Mandu

17 M/s. Triveni Fuels, Sandi, Bharechnagar , Mandu ,Ramgarh Mandu

18 M/s. Jain Enterprises, Sandi, Bharechnagar ,Ramgarh Mandu

19 M/s. Jai Bajrang Minerals Rauta, Marar Mandu

20 M/s. Raj Enterprises, Phoolsarai, Mandu,Ramgarh Mandu

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21 M/s. Shankar Refractories Pvt. Ltd., Bharechnagar Mandu Mandu

22 M/s. Sumit Enterprises, Pochra,Ramgarh Mandu

23 M/s. Siddhi Vinayak Refractories , Karma, Mandu Mandu

24 M/s. Shankar Coal Crushing & Minerals Industries Rauta, Mandu Marar

25 M/s. Ras Commercial Pvt. Ltd. Argadda Road, Ramgarh Ramgarh

26 M/s. Ramgarh Refratories , Bharechnagar, Ramgarh Mandu

27 M/s. Balaji Ceramics,Rauta , Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

28 M/s. Ramgarh Ceramics, Huhua, Ramgarh Ramgarh

29 M/s. Durga Refratories ,Sweta, Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

30 M/s. Durga Ceramics,Sweta, Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

31 M/s. Balaji Processing Works Bogawar, Bharechnagar Mandu

32 M/s. Krishna Refratories ,Karma, Madu Ramgarh Mandu

33 M/s. Kiran Ceramics Digwar Marar ,Ramgarh Mandu

34 M/s. Satyam Lime & Processing Works,Ramgarh Mandu

35 M/s. New Bharat Refractories Ltd. Sandi , Bharechnagar Mandu

36 M/s. Ismapurna Visthpit Coal Udyog samiti, Banwar , , Mandu Mandu

37 M/s. P.K. Glass Industries Rauta, Marar Mandu

38 M/s. Mehak Ceramics , Burhakhap, Karma, Ramgarh Mandu

39 M/s. Pulverising Industries , Sweta, Marar Mandu

40. M/s. Anand Refractories, Marar, Ramgarh Ramgarh

41 M/s. Majdoor Coal Briquettes , Rakua , Maganpur, Gola Gola

42 M/s. Majdoor Coal Audyogik Sahyog Samiti,Jangi , Gola Gola

43 M/s. S.N.H. Industries Ambagarha, Marar Mandu

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44 M/s. Ramgarh Refractories and Mineral Co. Sarai, Mandu Ramgarh

45 M/s. Balaji Refractories Bogawar , Bharechnagar ,Ramgarh Mandu

46 M/s. Hesla Refractories , Hesla,Ramgarh Ramgarh

47 M/s. Quality Refractories Pvt. Ltd. , Vinjhar, Argarha ,Marar Ramgarh

48 M/s. Ramgarh Casting, Rauta, Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

49 M/s. Nanak Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Rauta, Marar, Ramgarh Mandu

50 M/s. Rama Nagar Glass Works , Ramanagar, Bharechnagar, Mandu Ramgarh

Source: District Industries Centre, Ramgarh

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4. Geology of the District

Geologically, Ramgarh District comprises of Chotanagpur Granite Gneissic Complex (CGGC) rocks of Archaean-Proterozoic Age and rocks of Gondwana Supergroup. The CGGC terrain exposing complex assemblage of diversified rocks which have witnessed several period of magmatism, tectonism, sedimentation, metamorphism, partial melting and mineralization that have altered pre-existing volcanic, plutonic, sedimentary rocks to a Gneiss-Granulite-Granite association.

Two formations of Damuda group of Lower Gondwana are exposed in the District – formation and Barren Measures. Barakar Formation isprominently developed in Damodar valley Basin comprising Conglomerate, Sandstone, Shale and thick measures of Coal seams which are succeeded by barren measures comprising Iron Stone Shale with or without carbonaceous matter,Micaceous/carbonaceous Grey Shale, Heterolithic Sequence of Sandstone and Mudstone often depicting coarsening and thickening sequence. Among fossils imprints of Glossopteris, Gangomopteris, Schizoneura, Ptilophyllum occurs in Lower Gondwana.

Structurally, CGGC bears imprints of three generations of deformation producing distinctive Folds and related fabrics whereas Gondwana exhibits Gravity Normal Faults along with a various primary and Secondary Sedimentary structures like Cross Stratifications, Ripple marks, Hummocky Cross Stratification etc. Dudhi nala area, Mandu Block of the district is regarded as museum of sedimentary structures.

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5. Drainage of Irrigation Pattern

Damodar is the Main River which controls the drainage system of the district and it also forms a major river basin, comprising a number of tributaries. Important amongst them are: Naikari, Bhervi or Bhera and . Small Rivers are Hurhuri, Gomti, Barki, Kurum, Kochi, Sherbhuki, Dhobdhab etc. flow south eastern part of district. Tributaries of Subarnarekha are Kadamgara, Khatgara etc.(Fig-2)

Drainage System with description of main rivers

S.No. Name of the River Area Drained % Area Drained in the District

1. Subarnarekha 3.34 0.238

2 Bhora 2.25 0.161

3 Naikari 0.60 0.043

4 Bokaro 4.81 0.343

5 Damodar 19.47 1.387

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6. Land Utilization Pattern of the District

Name of Geographical Agricultural Irrigated Un- Barren Forest Block Area Land Land Irrigated Land Land Land Ramgarh 72567.53 21360.66 3638.80 17721.86 842.98 8160.46 Gola 82981.76 40197.57 5201.57 34996.0 377.37 18650.00 Mandu 109224.62 10073.70 1032.37 9041.33 1858.55 45086.85 Patratu 80059.30 11737.09 1062.52 10674.57 5393.78 25524.78 Total 344833.21 83369.02 10935.26 72433.76 8472.68 97422.09

Land use/ Land cover map for Ramgarh district:

Source: District irrigation plan, 2016-2021

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7. Surface water and Ground Water Scenario

6.7.1 Hydrogeology The district is having varied hydro geological characteristics due to which ground water potential differs from one region to another. It is underlain by Chotanagpur granite gneiss of pre-Cambrian age in three-fourth of the district. Aquifer systems---Two types of aquifers are found. Weathered aquifer and fractured aquifers. Thickness of weathered aquifers varies from 10-20 m in granite terrain and 30- 60m in lateritic terrain. In weathered aquifer ground water occurs in unconfined condition while in fractured aquifer ground water occurs in semi confined to confined condition.

6.7.2 Depth of Water Level Central Ground Water Board has established network of observation wells for monitoring of groundwater level to know the behavior of ground water regime in the district. There are seven monitoring stations which are monitored every year in January, May, August & November.During pre-monsoon season the minimum and maximum water level were

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observed as 2.25 mbgl at Barwatola and 11.19 mbgl at respectively. The water level during the post-monsoon season of the district ranges from 1.6 to 5.9 mbgl.

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6.7.3 Water Level Trend Water level depends upon the storage of ground water development and variation in rainfall over a long period. The water level data of each station has been analyzed. The pre monsoon and post monsoon long term water level trend has been calculated for the period of 2003 – 2012 (Table 4). The long term water level trend is showing declining trend between 0.120 – 0.361, 0.017 – 0.966 and 0.105– 0.236 m/ year for pre monsoon, post monsoon and all period respectively. The data is presented in table3.

TABLE 3: LONG TERM WATER LEVEL TREND FOR EXISTING HYDROGRAPH NETWORK STATIONS IN RAMGARH DISTRICT (2003 – 2012)

4.4 Aquifer Parameters Central Ground water Board has altogether drilled 17 no. of exploratory wells and 2 no. of observation wells in the district. Depth of drilling varies between 61-199 mbgl. Ten wells were drilled in Chotanagpur granite gneiss and seven wells were drilled in Gondwana formation. Thickness of weathered formation varies between 4 – 18 m. Highest weathered thickness was observed in Bhurkunda, Patratu block. Discharge of wells vary between 1.5 – 32.15 m3/hr. Highest discharge observed at Ramgarh exploratory well was 32.5 m3/hr. Static water level varies between 3.00 m -17.9 m 1 – 4 seta of fractures were encountered between 22 and 176 m.

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4.5 Ground Water Quality Ground Water in the phreatic aquifers in Ramgarh District is alkaline in nature as Ph Ranges between 7.11-7.97 and the specific electrical conductance of ground water in phreatic zone during May 2011 was in the range of 1238 μS/cm 25ºC.

4.6 Ground Water Resource As per the latest resource estimation carried out following GEC 97 methodology, the overall stage of ground water development in Ramgarh district is 39.03% indicating sufficient scope of development. Net ground water availability is 10357.88 ham whereas total draft 4042.86 ham. All blocks are under safe category except Ramgarh block which categorized as critical block with 94.29% stage of development.

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8. Rainfall and Climatic Condition

The District lies in the sub-humid region of Chotanagpur Plateau and enjoys semi-extreme type of climate. Ramgarh has a pleasing climate all through the year. Summers (May to June) are pleasant and Have a maximum temperature of 30°C and a minimum of 20°C.During the winter season the (November to February) maximum temperature is10°C and whereas minimum of 2°C. Monsoons (June to September) have medium rainfalls.

The average annual rainfall of the district is 1251.2 mm more than 80% of the precipitation is received during the monsoon months.

Average Annual Rainfall of the district is shown below in the table:

Table: - 4

Months Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Max 19 39 38 50 133 246 348 322 291 164 28 6 (in mm) Min. 4 4 5 8 13 22 27 26 22 13 3 1 (in mm)

Average Monthly Temperature of the district is shown below in the table: Table: - 5

Months Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Max 26°c 29°c 33°c 36°c 36°c 34°c 33°c 33°c 33°c 32°c 30°c 27°c (in mm) Min. 12°c 16°c 21°c 24°c 25°c 26°c 26°c 26°c 26°c 24°c 19°c 14°c (in mm)

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9. Details of the mining leases in the District

S. Name of Name of the Address & Mining Area of Period of Mining Period of Date of Status Captive/ Obtained Location of Method The Lessee Contact No. of lease Mining Lease (Initial) MINING Lease Commencement Working / Non- Environmental the mining of Mining No. Mineral Lessee order Lease (1st /2nd …… of Mining Non Captive Clearance Lease No. & (Ha.) ……renewal) Operation Working (Lat/Long) Date

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

1. Stone M/s. DEVANTI 1324/ 2.14 23 22 Oct Working Non- Yes, Letter Lat: Opencast DEVANTI PROJECTS PVT 1297 Oct 2027 Captive no: N 23033’ LTD C/O ANIL Dated 24 42.11” PROJECTS 2017 EC/DEIAA/16- PVT LTD KUMAR Oct 2017 17/07 Dated: to NEAR RANGOLI N 23033’ SWEETS HOUSE 12 Aug 2017 51.74” Mouza : PISKA MORE Lowadih. RATU ROAD Long: Block: RANCHI E 85024’ Patratu OFF. TEL. 08.07” Khata No: 03 06512525370 to Plot:282 MO: 9060325335 E 85024’ devantiprojects 15.50’’ @gmail.com

2. Stone MANOHAR BHARECHNAGAR 1534 2.75 22 21 Working Non- Yes Letter no: Lat: Opencast 0 PATHAK SANDI Dated Nov Nov Captive EC/DEIAA/2016 N 23 34’ DIST- RAMGARH -17 -08 Dated 23.97” JHARKHAND 01 Dec. 2017 2027 to 12 Aug 2017 Mouza : Prop. SRI 2017 N 23034’ Jario MANOHAR 31.67” Block: PATHAK MO : Ramgarh 9973027187 Long: Khata No: 86 manohar_pathak E 85035’ Plot:717(p), @yahoo.com 40.53” 1451(P) to E 85035’ 48.84’’

3. Stone MINHAJ AT-PO-HESLA, 1532 1.180 22 21 Working Non- Yes, Letter no : Lat: Opencast 0 KHAN PS-RAMGARH, Dated Nov Nov Captive EC/ DEIAA/ N 23 40’ NETAJI ROAD 2016-17-09 43.37” 01 Dec. 2017 2027 to DUSADH TOLA, Dated 12 Aug Mouza : 2017 N 23040’ Kajangi RAMGARH 2017 46.12” Block: CANTT DIST- Page 23 of 48

Mandu RAMGARH Long: Khata No: 26 (JHARKHAND) E 85027’ Plot:589, PROP. MINHAJ 53.95” to 590,591,592 KHAN E 85027’ MO: 9693871780 56.96’’ minhajkhan7178 [email protected]

4. Stone M/s .J.P.L. VILL-B 201 , 1991/ 3.310 04 03 Oct Working Non- Yes ,2625 Lat. Opencast 0 ENTERPRISES Vainandani 1935 Oct 2026 Captive Dated N 23 33’ 45.33” Apartment Dated 2016 31 Dec 2015 Mouza : to Sadabahar 05 Oct N 23033’ Lowadih. 54.44” Block: Chowk, 2016 , Patratu Long. Khata No: 20 ranchi Dist- E 85024’ Plot:263(P) Ranchi Pin 34.92” 834012 to E 85024’ (jharkhand) 36.29’’ PROP. NIRAJ KUMAR 8102240003 jpl0003@rediff mail.com

5. Stone M/s. S S RAVINDRA PATH 1085/ 4.858 21 20 Working Non- EC/SEIAA/15- Lat. Opencast 0 TRADING NEAR GWALTOLI 1063 Aug Aug Captive 16/1706/2015/ N 23 36’ CHOK HAZARIBA 2334 Dated 30 13.6” AGENCY Dated 2017 2027 to GH PIN-825301 Dec 2015 01 N 23036’ PROP. Mouza : Sept. 21.0” SHAILENDRA Kundrukhurd 2017 Block: KUMAR MEHTA Long. 0 Ramgarh Office Telephone E 85 37’ Khata No: No.06546222628 11.9” Mobile No. to 137 E 85037’ 8092764734 Plot:1958(P), 24.9’’ 1970(P), sstradingagencyr 1978(P) amgarh@ gmail.com

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6. Stone SRI RAJAN CLASSIC 5860 1.307 05 04 Oct Working Non- EC/DEIAA/2 16- Lat. Opencast 0 PRASAD ENGICON PVT /5766 Oct 2020 Captive 17-10 Dated 12 N 23 33’ LTD 3D VATIKA Dated Aug 2017 48.10” TIWARI 2010 to APERTMENT 24 Nov N 23033’

Mouza : LINE TANK ROAD 2010 52.76” LOLO RANCHI Block: PROPRIETOR Long, 0 Ramgarh RAJAN PRASAD E 85 33’ 41.48” Plot:2289(P), TIWARI Office Telephone to 2290(P) E 85033’ No.06512212481 47.39’’ Mobile No. 7033175340 E MAIL ID classic_cpel@red iffmail.com

7. Stone SRI SANTA RASDA , PO- 2362 1.420 10 29 Dec working Non- 2362 Dated Lat. Opencast 0 KUMAR BALKUDRAPS- Dated Nov 2021 Captive 30Dec 2018 N 23 37’ PATRATU, DIST- 38.8” 30 Dec 2008 to RAMGARH Mouza : 2015 N 23037’ Rasda Mobile : 43.8” 8092764734 Block: Long. Email Id: E 85017’ Patratu Plot: shantakumar.pat 25.9” 624(P) [email protected] to E 85017’ 25.9’’

8. Stone SRI S/0 Sri Nandlal 03 May 2.020 15 14 Apr 23 June 2018 working Non- EC/DEIAA/2016 Lat. Opencast Agrawal, Gola 2010 Captive -17-12 Dated N 23034’ SUBHASH Road, Ramgarh Apr 2020 12 Aug 2017 26.90” AGARWAL Cantt, Dist.- 2010 to Mouza : Ramgarh N 23034’ Soso & Jario 31.96” Long. Block: E 85035’ Ramgarh 25.24”to Plot: E 85035’ 708(p)& 30.27’’ 89(P)

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9. Stone SRI SANJAY S/o Sri Nandlal IN - 1.01 19 18 Working Non- EC/SEIAA/ Lat. Opencast KUMAR Agrawal, Gola JH0496 Mar Mar Captive 2014-15/ N23°34’47. Road, 741328 2013 2023 526/ 68” to Ramgarh N23°34’50. 546P 2014/880 Mouza: Cantt, Dist. 27” Dhutuwa, Ramgarh 03 Mar Dated 01 May Block 2017 2015 Long. Ramgarh, Mobile E85°35’50. 9835123889 89”to Plot- 560(P) E85°36’58. [email protected] 68” m

10. Quartzite M/s. Astha Prop, Sri 55/54/ 2.67 07 06 Jul 12 July 2017 Working Non- Yes, Letter Lat. Opencast Stone Chitranjan 2017 Jul 2020 Captive No.1586/201/ N23°33’ Prasad Dated 2015 2377 Dated 15.8” Kushwaha, S/o 25 Apr 30 Dec 2015 to Mouja : N23°33’ Khakhra Sri Vijay Sankar 2017 21.2” Block :Gola Mahto, Valid Up to 06 Vill,Jhoviya,Po, Jul 2020 Long. Banda, E85°49’ Ps,Gola, Dist 42.3” Ramgarh to Mobile E 85°49’ 8809304571 E 50.0” mail: ashthastone45 [email protected] 11. Quartzite SRI S/o Sri Pokhlal 445/43 0.51 22 21 Oct 18 Apr 2017 Working Non- Yes, Letter Lat: Opencast BHOLESHW Mahto 5 Oct 2020 Captive No. EC/ N23°41‘ Vill.Chhotki 42.16“ AR MAHTO Dated 2015 SEIAA/ 2015- Dundi, P.sKarma 18 Apr 16/ 1034/15/ Long: P.OMandu DIST. E85°35‘ Mouza- Ramgarh Mobile 2017 1828 50.05“ Chhotki 9572370183 Email: Dated 23 Dundi, Block [email protected] Nov 2015 Mandu, om Valid Up to 21 Oct 2020

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12. Stone M/s. Nilam Devi, 1.13 Not Non- Lat: Opencast Jagdamba W/O-Sri Sunil Working Captive N23°35‘ Stone Kumar, Vill- 3.63“ Mouza- Hurumgadda to N23°35‘ 10.29“ Kodi, Block- Long: Patratu, Mo: E85°25‘ Plot -705 9801981120 21.28“to E85°25‘ 27.49 13. Stone Ashok S/o Chhitarmal 1.32 Not Non- Opencast Kumar Poddar working Captive Poddar Vill.+P.o- Mouza- Ramgarh Bankheta, Ps- P.s+Dist.- Ramgarh Ramgarh, KHATA- 47&53, Plot- 297, 270, 272 14. Stone M/s. Ashok S/o Chhitarmal 2.94 Not Non- Opencast Kumar Poddar working Captive Poddar Vill.+P.o- Ramgarh Mouza- P.s+Dist.- Dohakatu Ramgarh P.s-Ramgarh Plot-1401 (p) ,1411, 1412,1413

15. Stone Sri S/o-Sri Shiv 0.53 Not Non- Lat : N Opencast 0 Charendra Charan working Captive 23 34’ Bediya, Vill- 33.28” Bediya Lem, Po- to Hariharpur, N 23034’ Mouza-Lam, Ps-Basal, Dist- 37.34” Ps-Basal, Ramgarh Long : Mobile E 85018’ Khata-10, 8294645117 47.56”to Plot-325 ASD@GMAIL E 85018’ .COM 53.19’’

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16. Stone Sri Pradip S/o- Sri 0.64 Not Non- Lat. Opencast 0 Kumar Fuleshwar working Captive N 23 36’ Mahto 10.9” Mahto Village.- to Chikore N 23036’ P.o -Bhadani 11.9” Nagar PS- Patratu Long. Dist.- E 85024’ Ramgarh 16.5” to E 85024’ 18.8’’

17. Stone Sri Ram S/0 Sri 1.01 Not Non- EC/DEIAA/20 Lat. Opencast 0 Prasad Chhataru working Captive 16-17-13 N 23 37’ Mahto, Gola Dated 29.0” Mouza- Road, to 12.08.2017 Lodhma, Vill+P.o- N 23035’ Block- Kundarukala, 31.8” P,S+Dist.- Long. Ramgarh Ramgarh E 85036’ Khata-111 06.3” Plot-1719 to E 85036’ 07.3’’ 18. Stone Sri Salendra S/o- 1.05 Not Non- Opencast Kumar Singh Brahmadev working Captive Singh, Vill- Mouza-Lolo , Po- Block- Korche, Ramgarh Ps+Dist- Ramgarh

19. Stone Sri Shyamlal S/o- Rewalal 1.09 16 15 Not Non- Lat: Opencast 0 Mahto Mahto,Vill- Aug Aug working Captive N 23 35’ Kothar,P.o- 2012 2022 56.0” Ketha,P.S.+ to Village: Dist.-Ramgarh N 23035’ Kothar Mobile: 58.6” Plot: 1713 8651020697 Long: E 85017’ 25.9”to E 85017’ 25.9’’

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20. Stone Sri Thakur S/o-Sri 2.02 Not Non- Opencast Mahto Ramesh working Captive Mahto, Mouza : Siru Vill+Po-Toyer, Block: Dulmi Ps-Gola, Dist Ramgarh

21. Stone Sri Sahid S/oSri Abdul 0.75 Not Non- Opencast Anwar Hamid, Vill+Po- working Captive Chitarpur, Ps+Dist- Ramgarh

22. Stone Sri Vinod VILL-URLUG 5504 / 2.04 21 20 Oct Not Non- Lat : Opencast PAHANBERA 5414 Oct 2020 working Captive N 23036’ Munda PO- Dated 2010 15.4” Mouza: BARKAKANA 21 Oct to Teliyatu, PS-PATRATU 2010 N 23036’ DIST- Block: 23.3” RAMGARH Long: Mobile: Patratu 85028’ Plot: 1001 9931306585 40.3” Email: to rqpajay@ E 85028’ gmail.com 47.50’’ 23. Stone M/S. Pro-Sri 2.40 Not Non- Yes, Letter Lat: Opencast 0 ASHTHA Chitranjan working Captive No. N 23 28’ 22.99” STONE Prasad EC/DEIAA/20 Kushwaha, 18/14 Dated to N 23028’ Mouza-Karo, S/o - Sri Vijay 05/07/2018 27.59” Sankar Mahto, Ps-Gola, Vill-Jhoviya, Long: Plot-705 Po-Banda, Ps- E 85038’ Gola, Dist- 48.87” Ramgarh to E 85039’ 8809304571 00.26’’

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24. Stone Shri Dilip S/o Shri Dharm 0.68 22 23 Not Non- Lat: Opencast 0 Kumar Dev Prasad Nov Sept working Captive N 23 37’ 02.9” Dangi Village- Chikor 2017 2022 PO- to N 23037’ Mouza-Pali, Bhadaninagar 06.6” Ps-Patratu PS- Patratu Long: Plot-133 & Dist - Ramgarh E 85022’ 134 37.8” to E 85022’ 43.96’’

25. Stone Shri S/o Shri Biru 1.15 28 27 Not Non- Lat: 0 Ramphal Bediya Village: Aug. Aug working Captive N 23 35’ 25.5” Bediya Nimmi P.O. 2010 2020 Bhadaninagar to N 23035’ Mouza- Kori, P.S. Patratu 36.9” Ps-Patratu Dist : Ramgarh Plot-59 Khata - 08 Long: 0 E 85 25’ 29.2” to E 85025’ 33.9’’  All the data taken from the approved mining plan.

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10. Detail of Royalty or Revenue Received in last three years

(Amount in Rs.)

S.No. Name of the Minerals Years 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 1. Coal 68920.00 46657.61 10054.65 2. Stone 32.81 187.02 23.27 3. Sand 250.65 7.71 3.24

Source: District Mining Office Ramgarh

11. Detail of Production of Minor Minerals in last three years

(Figures in Lac CFT)

S.No. Name of the Minerals Years 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 1. Stone 11.02 62.76 7.81

Source: District Mining Office Ramgarh

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12. Mineral Map of the District

(Source: geology.jharkhand.gov.in)

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13. List of Letter of Intent (LOI) Holders in the District

S.No. Name of Name of Address LOI Area of Validity Use Location the the Lessee & Grant Mining of LOI (Captive/ of the Mineral Contact order lease to Non- Mining No. Of No. & be Captive) Lease LOI Date allotted Holder 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

------

14. Total Mineral Reserve available in the District

S.No. Lease Details Reserve (in Tonnes)

1 DEVANTI PROJECTS PVT LTD Village: Lowadih, Block- 760435 Patratu ,Plot – 263(P)

2 MANOHAR PATHAK Village: Jario, Block-Ramgarh ,Plot – 744844 717(P)&1451 (p)

3 MINHAJ KHAN Village: Kajangi, Block-Mandu ,Plot – 589, 128583 590, 591,592

4 J.P.L. ENTERPRISES Village: Lowadih, Block-Patratu ,Plot 952868 – 53 (P)&123

5 MS S S TRADING AGENCY Village: Kundru-khurd, Block- 4875795 Ramgarh,Plot – 1958(P), 1970(P),1978(P)

6 SRI RAJAN PRASAD TIWARI Village: LOLO, Block- 407579 Ramgarh, Plot- 2289 (p)&2290(p)

7 SRI SANTA KUMAR Village: Rasda , Block-Patratu, Plot- 686515 624(P)

8 SRI SUBHASH AGARWAL Village: Jaro-Soso, Ps- 828101 Ramgarh,Plot- 708&89

9 SRI SANJAY KUMAR Village: Dhutuwa, Ps-Ramgarh, 139603 Plot- 560(P)

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10 MS. Astha Stone Mouja : Khakhra Block : Gola 368344

11 SRI BHOLESHWAR MAHTO Mouza-Chhotki Dundu 156641 Block Mandu,Plot-599

12 Jagdamba Stone 142741 Mouza-Kori Block -Patratu,Plot-53(P) &123(P)

13 Sri Charendra Bediya Mouza-Lem, Ps-Basal, Khata- 46576 10, Plot-325

14 Sri Pradip Kumar Mahto, Mouza-Armadag , Ps- 162389 Patratu, Plot-43/73

15 Sri Ram Prasad Village: Lodhma ,Plot: 1719 201707

16 Sri Shyamlal Mahto Village: Kothar Plot: 1713 629984

17 Sri Vinod Munda Mouza-Teliyatu, Ps-Patratu, Plot-1001 601290

18 M/S. ASHTHA STONE Mouza-Karo, Ps-Gola, Plot-705 660540

19 Shri Dilip Kumar Dangi Mouza-Pali, Ps-Patratu Plot- 117986 133 & 134

20 Shri Ramphal Bediya Mouza- Kori, Ps-Patratu Plot-59 156313 Khata - 08

Total 12768834

 Figures taken from the approved mining plan.

Total Mineral Reserve available in the district is 12768834 tones. 15. Quality / Grade of Mineral available in the District

Stone available in the district is mainly of Building stone and aggregates. 16. Use of Mineral

When talking about stones as a Mineral, it is widely used in different industries as building material, Decorative stones and aggregates. The common uses are mentioned as below:-

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 Millions of tones of crushed rock are needed annually for road base, paving, ready- mixed concrete and asphalt.

 Sandstone which is not so hard-wearing or beautifully patterned is used for garden walls and paths in landscaping.

 Basalt: It is quarried and crushed as "Blue Metal" which is used as a road-base, and in reinforced concrete as aggregate.

 Although wood, straw and mud is used for houses in some parts of the world, most buildings are preferred to be built of stones.

 Building wells.

 Material for foundation and walling of buildings, dams, bridges, etc.

 Aggregate

 Stone walls

 Roof tile in the form of slates

 Murram for covering and flooring of road surface

 Limestone for burning lime and for the manufacture of Portland cement

 Shale is a component of bricks and may also be used in manufacturing of cement.

 Marble is widely used in construction industry, for aesthetic purposes, beautification and strength.

In Ramgarh District stones being used in Construction works and road projects. Stone from the mine can be directly used as boulders of different sizes for river anti- erosion, dam construction embankment works etc. After Crushing into different sizes of aggregates, it can be used in construction and road project.

17. Demand and Supply of the Mineral in the last three years

Year 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

Demand 11.02 62.76 7.81

Supply 11.02 62.76 7.81

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18. Mining Lease marked on the map of the District

19. Details of the area of where there is a cluster of Mining Lease

S.No. Area No. of Leases Location

Block Village Latitude Longitude

1. Ramgarh Lolo 02 N 23034’ 41.37” E 85035’ 34.93” (Shri Subhash N 23034’ 25.99” E 85035’ 48.57” 0 0 Agrawal & N 23 34’ 23.70” E 85 35’ 42.00” N 23034’ 37.12” E 85035’ 30.05” Shri Manohar Pathak) 2. Dulmi Jario - Soso 02 N 23033’ 47.86” E 85033’ 49.23” (Shri Rajan Prasad N 23033’ 31.77” E 85034’ 06.49” 0 0 Tiwari & N 23 33’ 26.58” E 85 33’ 59.89” N 23033’ 45.73” E 85033’ 42.59” Shri Shailendra Singh)

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20. Details of Eco sensitive Area, if any, in the District

There is No Eco-Sensitive Zone exists inside the district. 21. Impact on the Environment Due to mining activity

The most important environmental impact of mining projects are:-

 Impact on Water Bodies:  Acid mine drainage and contaminant leaching Acid mine drainage is considered one of mining most serious threats to water resources. A mine with acid mine drainage has the potential for long-term devastating impacts on rivers, streams and aquatic life.

 Harm to fish and other Aquatic

If mine waste is acid-generating, the impacts to fish, animals and plants can be severe. Many streams impacted by acid mine drainage have a pH value of 4 or lower – similar to battery acid. Plants, animals, and fish are unlikely to survive in streams such as this.

 Impacts on air quality:-

The largest sources of air pollution in mining operations are:

Particulate matter transported by the wind as a result of excavations, blasting, transportation of materials, wind erosion (more frequent in open-pit mining), fugitive dust from tailings facilities, stockpiles, waste dumps, and haul roads. Exhaust emissions from mobile sources (cars, trucks, heavy equipment) raise these particulate levels; and gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in stationary and mobile sources, explosions, and mineral processing. Once pollutants enter the atmosphere, they undergo physical and chemical changes before reaching a receptor. These pollutants can cause serious effects to people’s health and to the environment.

Large-scale mining has the potential to contribute significantly to air pollution, especially in the operation phase. All activities during extraction, processing, handling, and transport depend on equipment, generators, processes and materials that generate

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hazardous air pollutants such as particulate matter, heavy metals, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.

 Fugitive emissions

Common sources of fugitive emissions include: storage and handling of materials; mine processing; fugitive dust, blasting, construction activities, and roadways associated with mining activities; leach pads, and tailing piles and ponds; and waste rock piles. Sources and characteristics of fugitive emissions dust in mining operations vary in each case, as do their impacts. Impacts are difficult to predict and calculate but should be considered since they could be a significant source of hazardous air pollutants.

 Noise and vibration

Noise pollution associated with mining may include noise from vehicle engines, loading and unloading of rock into steel dumpers, chutes, power generation, and other sources. Cumulative impacts of shoveling, ripping, drilling, blasting, transport, crushing, grinding, and stock-piling can significantly affect wildlife and nearby residents.

Vibrations are associated with many types of equipment used in mining operations, but blasting is considered the major source. Vibration has affected the stability of infrastructures, buildings, and homes of people living near large-scale open-pit mining operations. According to a study commissioned by the European Union in 2000:“Shocks and vibrations as a result of blasting in connection with mining can lead to noise, dust and collapse of structures in surrounding inhabited areas. The animal life, on which the local population may depend, might also be disturbed.”

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22. Remedial Measures to mitigate the Impact of mining activity on the Environment

It is noted from the above mentioned impacts of the different activities on the atmosphere that the mining and associated activities not only contribute to the ambient air pollution but also to the ambient noise situation.

Atmospheric pollution due to the mining and associated activities can be minimized by planning the activities in such a manner that the generation of the pollutants is minimum possible. In addition provisions may be made for arresting the dust by making suitable green belts.

Some of the measures are as outlined below: a. Generation of dust in the removal of the vegetation and soils can be minimized by maintaining adequate moisture in the soil. This can also be expected to improve the efficiency of these operations as in dusty atmosphere the efficiency decreases. b. Use of dust extractors with the drill machines can be expected to minimize air pollution due to drilling. c. By optimizing the blast design the generation of dust due to blasting can be reduced. d. Proper maintenance of the haul roads can minimize the generation of air borne dust due to movement of dumpers on them. e. Water spraying at the transfer points tends to reduce air pollution. f. Enclosing the mineral handling and preparation units tend to reduce the contribution of SPM to the atmosphere. g. Proper maintenance of the equipment and machines in the mines and other places in the complexes helps not only in minimizing the contributions to the air pollution but also the noise generation. h. The locations of the residential locations should be planned such that they are on the up wind side of the mines and plants so that for most of times the atmospheric pollutants are taken away rather than being brought towards these locations. i. Green belts of adequate widths, say 25 -50 m, may be planned between.

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23. Reclamation of Mined out area

Mining necessarily involves the displacement of large volumes of soil and rock, resulting in various degrees of environmental degradation. Mine reclamation entails restoring these disturbed areas to a previous natural resource setting, such as forest or agricultural land uses, while minimizing environmental impacts. There are two types of driving forces in mining reclamation: determinism and contingency. Usually only deterministic processes are considered. In addition, reclaimed areas must be recognized as open ecosystems interacting with their surrounding environment. A conceptual model including its practical consequences on mining reclamation planning is shown in Figure 6.This model assumes that change more than equilibrium is the essence of nature, following the new paradigm in ecology.

Figure 6: Conceptual framework for open-cast mining reclamation.

Reclamation can be achieved through natural recovery, assisted restoration or a combination of the two. Natural recovery takes time and can be hastened if assisted.

Trees are preferred for reclamation because of their wider adaptation to various soil types and will easily survive on degraded sites.In the District it is proposed that after the completion of the quarrying operation the excavated area will be partly Backfilled by the Gritty Soil and the rest will be converted in to pool and will be utilized for irrigation and Fish culture Purpose.

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24. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Disaster Vulnerability

Primarily disasters are triggered by natural hazards or human-induced, or result from a combination of both. In particular, human-induced factors can greatly aggravate the adverse impacts of a natural disaster. The human society is also vulnerable to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) disasters.

According to National Policy on Disaster Management, rise in population, rapid urbanization and industrialization, development within high-risk zones, environmental degradation and climate change aggravates the vulnerabilities to various kinds of disasters. Due to inadequate disaster preparedness, communities as well as animals are at increased risk from many kinds of human-induced hazards arising from accidents (industrial, road, air, rail, on river or sea, building collapse, fires, mine flooding, oil spills, etc.). Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) hazards rank very high in among the human- induced risks. Terrorist activities and secondary incidents add to these risks and call for adequate preparedness and planning.

Ramgarh Disaster Vulnerability Profile The communities located within the Ramgarh District are susceptible to the impacts from a variety of natural hazards. Ramgarh is vulnerable to many disasters like drought, lightening, hail storm, flash flood, Industry disaster, sunstroke, depredation, forest fire etc. The Ramgarh District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP) has been prepared under the authority of the Disaster Management Act 2005 to provide a framework for holistic and comprehensive disaster management within the Ramgarh District. Given below is the disaster vulnerability of the District.

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Table 6: History of Disasters in Ramgarh district (2013-2014) Type of Area Casualty Disaster Affected Dead Injured Houses of Cattles Damaged Fire Ramgarh - - 1 - Flood Ramgarh - - 143 - Patratu (Complete) 155 (Partial) Lightening Ramgarh 5 - 17 (Partial) 9 Gola Mandu Road 49 66 - - Accidents Source: Ramgarh District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP)

Table7: Disaster vulnerability in Ramgarh District Hazard Severity Last Incidence Earthquake Low NA Flash Flood Medium Jul-Sept 13 Fire Low 2013 Mining Medium NA Lightening Medium June 13 Road Accidents High Oct 13 Train Accidents Low NA Source: Ramgarh District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP)

Earthquake Ramgarh District is situated in zone 2 where the probability of occurrence of earthquake is very low. Due to sandy land in Ramgarh District most of the building and their foundation have not been constructed as per the rules. This means that a medium or high intensity earthquake can cause damage to the urban area. Still, earthquake can adversely affect a large number of houses and business as most of the houses in town if proper bye-laws are not adhered to, and do not have adequate structural strength to withstand even a moderate or low earthquake. Thus, an earthquake can disrupt the normal life and traffic in the city for a considerable length, with a serious impact on business and livelihood. Disaster Vulnerability Quotient: • Earthquake Zone: Zone III Moderate Damage Risk Zone (MSK VII) • Wind Velocity: High Damage Risk Zone Vb= 47 m/s

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Flood The area of district on Damodar, Swarnrekha, Bhairavi and Naikari river side/costal sides/creeks/low-lying are flood prone, wards were affected due to flood in 2010-11 year. Human lives and cattle had also been greatly damaged due to flood in the past. 2 people were drowned/died due to flood in 2008-09 year in past. In 2010-11 124 houses were partially damaged and 59 were completely damaged. The crops and industries also experienced the great loss due to flood in that particular area. The major crops of Ramgarh District are paddy, wheat, maize, oilseeds, pulses, potato, tomato and other vegetable. The pre monsoon period (i.e. from June to September is for to be prepared for any disaster related to flood and heavy rains.

The houses, their walls & their foundations in the vulnerable areas are not so strong that, those can face the force of flood water. There can be a great damage to the land due to flood. The fertile land becomes useless and ultimately crops are not possible. Accidents The state highway and national highway 2 each in number passes through Ramgarh District. The District along the state highways and District along the national highway are highly accident prone. Fire Ramgarh Districts has forest area of 487.93 km2. The district is rich in flora and fauna. So it is prone to forest fire. In 2013-14 one house was fully damaged due to fire. The petroleum wells/storage tanks for petroleum pipe line are there in the areas nearby/ in the district. These can be the cause of fire.

Industrial/Chemical Disaster Ramgarh is an important industrial district of East India. Several mineral based industries like Steel, Sponge Iron, Cement, Refractory and Thermal Power Plant etc. are established due to availability of Coal and other minerals. Due to mining area there are changes of fire and accidents.

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25. Details of the occupational Health issue in the District

The mining-affected areas of Ramgarh are spread across the urban areas, as well as rural areas. The major mining-affected areas include the urban area of Ramgarh block, the rural areas (panchayats) of Patratu, Mandu, Chitarpur and Gola blocks. The large number of mines in the district has contributed to increase in coal which is a cause for severe air and water pollution in the area, also taking a toll on public health. As far as Ramgarh District is concerned No Silicosis Patient is reported from Last 5 years. Patient affected from Tuberculosis in Ramgarh District from last 5 years are Given in Table No:-8 Table – 8 S.No. Year No. of Patients

1 2017 746

2 2016 771

3 2015 837

4 2014 830

5 2013 858

(Source: Sadar Hospital, Ramgarh)

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26. Plantation and Green Belt development in respect of Leases already granted in the District

It is necessary to develop Green Belt in and around the polluted site with suitable species to reduce the air pollution effectively.

The Green Belt development not only functions as a foreground and background landscape feature resulting in harmonizing and amalgamating the physical structures of the mines with surrounding environment, but also acts as a pollution sink. Thus, implementation of afforestation program is of paramount importance .In addition to augmenting existing vegetation , it also checks soil erosion, make the ecosystem more complex and functionally more stable and make the climate more conductive.

The choice of species depends according to the plant growing suitable to the environmental conditions prevailing in the area. The plantations should be done in the safety zone area.

The 7.5 m safety barrier zone should be used for green belt development at 2m spacing left all around and should be used for plantation of trees with deep vegetation so that air pollution from the mine can be arrested.

Proposed Plantation and Green Belt Development in respect of leases Granted in the District are as given in Table no:-9.

Table-9 S.No. Lease Details Area Proposed For Greenbelt Proposed Plantation Development in Ha. (per Year) (per Year)

1 DEVANTI PROJECTS PVT LTD 0.0908 227

2 MANOHAR PATHAK 0.152 152

3 MINHAJ KHAN 0.098 99

4 J.P.L. ENTERPRISES 0.458 160

5 MS S S TRADING AGENCY - -

6 SRI RAJAN PRASAD TIWARI 0.0718 180

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7. SRI SANTA KUMAR - -

8. SRI SUBHASH AGARWAL 0.0920 230

9. SRI SANJAY KUMAR 0.0448 112

10. MS. Astha Stone 0.1110 276

11. SRI BHOLESHWAR MAHTO 0.0200 50

12. Jagdamba Stone 0.0960 240

13. Sri Charendra Bediya Mouza- 0.0679 169

14. Sri Pradip Kumar Mahto 0.0364 73

15. Sri Ram Prasad -

16. Sri Shyamlal Mahto Village: 0.0600 80

17. Sri Vinod Munda 0.0300 50

18. M/S. ASHTHA STONE 0.1110 179

19. Shri Dilip Kumar Dangi 0.0528 132

20. Shri Ramphal Bediya Mouza- 0.0200 120

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27. Any other information

Stone Blocks Available for ready to auction in District:

S. Location Details of the Area Corner Coordinates Limiting Coordinates Resource No. (Million Tons)

1. Village : Siru Plot No: 171(P) (Datum: WGS-84) – By Handheld Latitude: 3.94 GPS N 23032’ 46.63” to Block : Dulmi Khata No: 107 Corner N 23032’ 59.60” Latitude Longitude Area: 9.50 Ha Points Longitude : N 230 32' E 850 38' E 85038’ 25.67” to A 58.81'' 32.09" E 85038’ 46.79’’ N 230 32' E 850 38' B 55.25'' 37.53"

N 230 32' E 850 38' C 56.22'' 38.38" N 230 32' E 850 38' D 55.18'' 39.93" N 230 32' E 850 38' E 54.14'' 39.15" N 230 32' E 850 38' F 50.90'' 44.03" N 230 32' E 850 38' G 46.89'' 41.55" N 230 32' E 850 38' H 48.70'' 37.46" N 230 32' E 850 38' I 47.80'' 36.89" N 230 32' E 850 38' J 50.45'' 30.33" N 230 32' E 850 38' K 51.03'' 30.68" N 230 32' E 850 38' L 51.68'' 29.06" N 230 32' E 850 38' M 51.10'' 28.85" N 230 32' E 850 38' N 51.94'' 26.73" N 230 32' E 850 38' O 58.55'' 30.05" N 230 32' E 850 38' P 57.84'' 31.60" 2. Village : Jario Plot No : Latitude: 0.50 Block : Dulmi Khata No: N23⁰ 34’ 28.00” to N23⁰ 34’ 35.00” Area : 1.41 Ha Longitude : E85⁰ 35’ 37.00” to E85⁰ 35’ 43.00”

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References:

District Mining Office – Ramgarh http:/Ramgarh.nic.in/ http:/geology.jharkhand.gov.in

DSR of Sand, Ramgarh http:/en.wikipedia.org/Ramgarh www.jharkhandminerals.gov.in

Report of Central Groundwater Board, Ministry of Water Resources- SU, Ranchi Sept 2013 http://geoportal.jharkhand.gov.in/geoportal/ http:/cdn.cseindia.org www.slideshare.net/sslele456/stone-as-a-building-material-58261247

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