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A Study on the Changes in the Number of Participating Athletes in the National Disabled Games Between 2008 and 2012, Using the Latent Growth Model
A Study on the Changes in the Number of Participating Athletes in the National Disabled Games between 2008 and 2012, Using the Latent Growth Model Cheng-Lung Wu, Department of Marine Sports and Recreation, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Taiwan ABSTRACT This study employed the Latent Growth Model (LGM) to analyze changes in the number of participating athletes in the National Disabled Games from all cities and counties in Taiwan between 2008 and 2012. The aim was to examine the changes and dynamic process of the participating athletes at different times. The result of the study indicates that between 2008 and 2012, the initial average of the number of participating athletes in the National Disabled Games is 53.23, and the average growth is 3.93; the respective t values are 6.78 and 2.81, which are both statistically significant (*p<.05). In other words, the average number of participating athletes in the National Disabled Games in 2008 was 53.23, and continued to grow at an average rate of 3.93 persons per year. There was significant growth in the number of participating athletes between 2008 and 2012 in all cities and counties. In addition, there was significant difference in the growth rates among different cities and counties. Keywords: Latent Growth Model (LGM), physical and mental impairments, National Disabled Games INTRODUCTION It has become a global trend to improve the welfare of the physically and mentally challenged. The degree to which a country is capable of providing adequate care and opportunities for its physically and mentally challenged citizens is also an important index in evaluating its overall development. -
Building the Future of Esports Betting & Entertainment
Building The Future of Esports Betting & Entertainment Nasdaq: GMBL Esports Entertainment Group (GMBL) is a Nasdaq-listed company Building the Future of Esports Betting and Entertainment. 3 What is esports? • Esports is organized competitive video gaming that is watched as a spectator event. Esports were already the fastest growing subsector of digital entertainment, and Covid-19 has only accelerated this trend. • The Esports audience is very valuable for advertisers because it is young, digital native and affluent. Research has found that esports fans are more likely to be influenced by their favorite team being sponsored by a brand than traditional sports fans are. • Despite the vast amount of eyeballs, Esports remain dramatically under-monetized relative to traditional sports. We believe wagering will play a major role in helping monetization in the space catch up. GAMING ASCENDANCY: MORE PEOPLE ARE PLAYING MORE There are 2.5B gamers globally (with some estimates as high as 3.5B). 2 out of 3 Americans are gamers. Video gaming is now more engaging than any other social media outlet (FB, Snapchat, IG) with gamers spending 51 minutes on average playing every day. Gaming industry is now bigger than movies or music Sources: Newzoo - 2019 Global Esports Market Report 5 ESPORTS DOMINANCE Esports tournaments have now outstripped all traditional sports events both in terms of viewership and prize pool. In 2019 the League of Legends championship drew a larger audience than the Super Bowl. And the winner of the Fortnite World Cup won more money than Tiger Woods at the Masters. Sources: Business Insider 6 Esports Viewers by Age Esports Worldwide Audience Size (millions) THE AUDIENCE IS LARGE & LUCRATIVE There are 518M esports viewers worldwide, growing to 645M by 2022. -
8 CURLING ICE in an ARENA Written by Leif Öhman, Sweden & John Minnaar, Scotland
1 8 CURLING ICE IN AN ARENA Written by Leif Öhman, Sweden & John Minnaar, Scotland To overcome the problems of dealing with different situations for different purposes, there will be some duplication in the section, which is presented as two different approaches to a similar problem. FROM ICE TO CURLING ICE The words of this heading are carefully chosen, The solutions because the two items are very different. Ice is simply the result of water being frozen by 1. As every experienced curling manager lowering its temperature to below 0ºC, whereas knows, someone has to provide the driving curling ice is a manufactured product of specific force and maintain the momentum, but one definition that has been made from ice, or by person cannot hope to do it all himself. freezing water in a very specific way. The skating-ice technician is the person with It is the purpose of this half of the section to bring much to do and not enough time and now, together the relevant essential pieces of with curling on the scene, someone is giving information scattered throughout the manual, to him even more to do. The skating-ice enable technicians to convert ice to curling ice in technician is also a very important person, an efficient and cost-effective way on a regular respect his position. basis. In the next half of this section, Curling Ice To solve this, form a club of all known In An Arena, the same subject is addressed, but curlers, have a meeting and select a there it is aimed at providing excellent ice for a committee. -
Dancesport and Power Values
The Mathematics Enthusiast Volume 18 Number 1 Numbers 1 & 2 Article 21 1-2021 DanceSport and Power Values Diana Cheng Peter Coughlin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/tme Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Cheng, Diana and Coughlin, Peter (2021) "DanceSport and Power Values," The Mathematics Enthusiast: Vol. 18 : No. 1 , Article 21. Available at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/tme/vol18/iss1/21 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Mathematics Enthusiast by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TME, vol. 18, nos. 1&2, p. 331 DanceSport and Power Values Diana Cheng Towson University, USA Peter Coughlin University of Maryland, USA ABSTRACT: DanceSport is a competitive form of ballroom dancing. At a DanceSport event, couples perform multiple dances in front of judges. This paper shows how a goal for a couple and the judges' eval- uations of the couple's dance performances can be used to formulate a weighted simple game. We explain why couples and their coaches may consider a variety of goals. We also show how prominent power values can be used to measure the contributions of dance performances to achieving certain goals. As part of our analysis, we develop novel visual representations of the Banzhaf and Shapley-Shubik index profiles for different thresholds. In addition, we show that the \quota paradox" is relevant for DanceSport events. -
Übungsleiterkurs 2018 Geschichte Des Faustballsports
04.04.2018 Übungsleiterkurs 2018 Geschichte des Faustballsports, Organisationslehre Karl Weiß, Ehrenpräsident des OÖFBV Karl Weiß Präsident der International Fistball Association 39 Jahre Funktionär beim ASKÖ Urfahr, seit 2014 Ehrenobmann 42 Jahre Funktionär im OÖFBV, seit 2014 Ehrenpräsident 29 Jahre Funktionär im ÖFBB, seit 2011 Ehrenpräsident 19 Jahre Funktionär in IFA, seit 2011 Präsident Sportliche Ausbildungen: 1976 Staatl. Lehrwarteausbildung Faustball 1981 Staatl. Trainerausbildung Faustball 1983 Bundesschiedsrichterausbildung 1987 Ausbildung zum IFA Schiedsrichter Goldenes Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um die Republik Österreich (06) Bundessportorganisation: Funktionär des Jahres 2008 Konsulent der oö. Landesregierung für das Sportwesen (11) 1 04.04.2018 Geschichte des Faustballsports Das Faustballspiel ist einer der ältesten Sportarten der Welt. Erstmals erwähnt wurde das Faustballspiel im Jahr 240 n. Chr. von Gordianus, Kaiser von Rom. Im Jahr 1555 schreibt Antonio Scaino die ersten Regeln für den italienischen Volkssport, das "Ballenspiel". Johann Wolfgang von Goethe schreibt in seinem Tagebuch 1786 "Italienische Reise": "Vier edle Veroneser schlugen den Ball gegen vier Vicenter; sie trieben das sonst unter sich, das ganze Jahre, etwa zwei Stunden vor Nacht". 1870 wird das Spiel in Deutschland wieder entdeckt und der Deutsche Georg Heinrich Weber verfasst 1896 das erste deutsche Regelwerk. Populär wurde das Faustballspiel unter Turnvater Jahr in Deutschland und ist bis heute noch in den Turnvereinen als Ausklangspiel verankert. -
Buenos Aires 2018 Youth Olympic Games Proposal for Additional Sports
Buenos Aires 2018 Youth Olympic Games Proposal for additional sports 1 Contents Contents DanceSport 04 Karate 10 Sport Climbing 16 3 Dance Sport 4 Buenos Aires 2018 Youth Olympic Games: Proposal for additional sports | DanceSport YOG Proposal Events Format Battle format, one-on-one competition alternating athlete performances that are judged and scored. 3 A knock-out progression will determine the winner. Days of Competition 1 1 1 Men’s Women’s Mixed 2 breakdance breakdance Mixed Team Days Breakdance (1M & 1W) Quotas Number of athletes Number of Number of international national 24 officials officials 7 2 12 Men 12 Women Age group 16–18 years old (athletes born between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2002) Proposed Venue The proposal is to stage DanceSport in the Urban Cluster and to use the Basketball 3x3 venue for the competition 5 Value Added What value does this sport provide to the Youth Olympic Games? Please note these answers come directly from the World Dance Sports Federations. Games-time: To the public – Contributes to the range of innovative Breakdance is perfectly in line with youth expectations ideas of the YOG to engage the youth in sport. Offers and interests; as such, Breakdance is part of the YOG opportunities to join/participate and create a young, DNA. The inclusion of DanceSport/Breakdance into the vibrant, innovative and festive atmosphere. Appeals programme of the 2018 Buenos Aires YOG will strongly to a very large demographic audience. support the IOC’s desire to attract youth, promote gender equality and increase the number of mixed-team events. -
What Exactly Is Esports?
What exactly is esports? ESPORTS STANDS FOR ELECTRONIC SPORTS, not to be confused with video games, because it’s much more than that. What sets it apart is the level of organized competitive gameplay between teams and its own strict set of rules and guidelines. Esports is about teamwork, communication, strategic thinking and leadership — in all the same ways that traditional sports are and then some. It’s time to expand the definition of an athlete. Today, esports is growing exponentially with 400 million fans Benefits of Esports worldwide who repeatedly pack out arenas. A recent survey shows that 72% of American teens play video games regularly. Character Development Currently, there are nearly 200 colleges and universities offering Students build character and develop esports scholarships. Establishing esports in high school enables discipline, self-esteem, patience and students to do what they love and provides them with additional sportsmanship through weekly practice opportunities to earn scholastic recognition. and gameplay. Community Building Students will develop a sense of belonging, meet new friends and have school pride by playing on a team with classmates. Teamwork & Leadership Students will learn how to communicate better and become leaders as they compete and work together as team. Strategic Thinking Students will compete in intense and fast-paced real time strategy games where they will need to quickly problem solve and adapt to win. playvs.com How does the PlayVS league work? PLAYVS IS THE OFFICIAL HIGH SCHOOL ESPORTS PLATFORM that streamlines students’ gameplay. They organize, schedule, and manage all of the logistics that go into an esports league. -
Fina Water Polo Referees Manual 2019-2021
FINA Water Polo Referees’ Manual 2019-2021 FINA WATER POLO REFEREES MANUAL INSTRUCTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS FOR REFEREES, COACHES and NATIONAL FEDERATIONS. 2019-2021 1 Version: July 2020 FINA Water Polo Referees’ Manual 2019-2021 FINA WORLD LEAGUE 4.2.2 Specific WPWL Rules 4.2.2.1 Field of Play The Field of Play (FOP) for Men shall be 30 x up to 20 metres and for Women 25 x up to 20 metres. In case there is not enough space along the side line to create a lateral substitution area (“flying substitution area”), 1 metre may be deducted from the width of the field of play to create this lateral substitution area. 4.2.2.2 Points Awarded The following points will be awarded per match to each team: Match won: 3 points Match won by penalty: 2 points Match lost by penalty: 1 point Match lost or forfeited: 0 points In the case of a tie in Preliminaries, Semi Finals and Final Games: In all the matches there will be a winner. If at the end of the fourth quarter the score is tied, then the winner shall be resolved by each team shooting five penalty shots from the 5m line in alternate succession. Each team shall select five players to take the penalty shots. The first team shall take its first penalty shot and then the other team shall take its first penalty shot, etc. If a tie shall exist after that procedure, each team shall then take alternate shots until one team scores and the other misses. -
IV. Teaching Game for Understanding International Conference, Vancouver, CA May 14- 17, 2008
IV. Teaching Game for Understanding International Conference, Vancouver, CA May 14- 17, 2008, ABSTRACT: Proposal title: Physical Engagement, Social Responsibility, Enhanced SelfConfidence with TCHOUKBALL Dr. Hermann Brandt, a sport physician, invented Tchoukball in 1970 in Switzerland. In his scientific study, Dr. Brandt made a critical analysis of today’s sports, such as soccer, basketball, and ice hockey, and compared them with the unique and innovative specifications of the game of Tchoukball. Dr. Brandt demonstrated that with Tchoukball it is possible to have a team sport where there is no blocking defense or interference, which is still fast-paced and vigorous, as well as physically and strategically challenging. The main idea behind the invention of the game of Tchoukball was to give people with different levels of athletic skills an opportunity to be successful in a team sport. The concept of TEAM was very important for Dr. Brandt because of its social aspects, such as recognition by peers, self- confidence, inclusion in a social group (the team), cooperation, tolerance, and improvement through play. In this session, attendees will first learn the rules and then play the game of Tchoukball. They will then discover how to use this game for the physical, social and emotional development of their students. Participants will be introduced to the unique concept of play through Tchoukball and experience the game hands-on. With appropriate exercises, attendees will discover how learning and playing Tchoukball can lead to addressing the broad educational standards associated with physical health concepts, such as problem solving, social responsibility and behavior, care and concern for peers, enhanced confidence, and enjoyment in playing the game of Tchoukball as a lifelong physical activity. -
AQUATICS: History of Water Polo at the Olympic Games Reference Document
Olympic Studies Centre AQUATICS: History of Water Polo at the Olympic Games Reference document Introduction, key stages and evolution in the number of events from this discipline’s beginnings to the present time. March 2015 © IOC - Richard JUILLIART Reference document Water polo Introduction Water polo’s first appearance occurred at the Games of the II Olympiad in Paris in 1900 and this discipline has been on the programme ever since then. Women’s water polo made its Olympic debut 100 years after at the Games of the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney in 2000. Key stages Entry • 1912: At the 15th IOC Session held in July in Stockholm, it was decided to divide the sports on the programme into three categories: indispensable, desirable and eligible. Water polo (included under swimming) was among the first category. • 1924: At the 23rd IOC Session held in Paris in June and July, the IOC drew up a list of obligatory and optional sports. Water polo was on the second list. Women’s • 1997: At the IOC Executive Board meeting held in September, it was decided water polo to add women’s water polo to the programme of the Games of the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney in 2000. Last update: March 2015 AQUATICS: History of Water Polo at the Olympic Games Olympic Studies Centre / [email protected] p 2/4 Reference document Evolution in the number of teams • 1900: 7 teams (men’s) • 1904: 3 teams (men’s) • 1908: 4 teams (men’s) • 1912: 6 teams (men’s) • 1920: 12 teams (men’s) • 1924: 13 teams (men’s) • 1928: 12 teams (men’s) • 1932: 5 teams (men’s) • 1936: 16 teams -
In an Effort to Standardize Ringette Line Markings Across the Country, the CRFC Has Worked in Consultation with Ringette Canada
In an effort to standardize ringette line markings across the country, the CRFC has worked in consultation with Ringette Canada on how best to layout a ringette ice sheet. The CRFC supports the revised layout and encourages facility managers to consider the benefits of conforming to these layout guidelines whenever possible. New construction and/or retrofits to a facility should give consideration to these measurements, however, other ice sport marking requirements should be overlayed prior to making any changes so that all ice sports are given the same consideration. The following drawings are offered as a support tool for ice technicians to your planning and annual ice painting activities. As ice markings may change at any time, be reminded of the importance for you to annually recheck all local and regional ice sport marking requirements prior to undertaking the ice painting task! VERSION 2013-7 CRFC - RINGETTE CANADA LINE MARKINGS Ice rinks that offer the sport of Ringette will be required to install additional painted/fabric markings. Ringette utilizes most of the standard Hockey Canada (HC) ice hockey markings with additional free pass dots in each of the attacking zones and centre zone areas as well as a larger defined crease area. Two (2) additonal free play lines (1 in each attacking zone) are also required. Free Play Lines In both attacking zones located above the 30 ft. (9.14 m) circles is a 5.08 cm (2 in.) red “Free Play Line”. These lines shall be installed to completely overlap the top of each of the 30 ft. circles. -
Water Volleyball Rules
BGCC SUMMER GAMES WATER VOLLEYBALL OVERVIEW: Water volleyball (not to be confused with water polo) is a fun oriented, team sport that is played in a shallow swimming pool; therefore, swimming proficiency is NOT required. The rules are very similar to indoor volleyball, but have been modified to accommodate our ages and physical ability. The objective of the BGCC Summer Games is to have a fun and friendly competition with the emphasis on participation. Water volleyball is open to men and women of all ages. ORGANIZATION: Water Volleyball Sport Captain Alex Lindsay Water Volleyball Condo 1 Captain John Lind Water Volleyball Condo 2 Captain Dave Farlow Water Volleyball Condo 3 Captain Olly Smolak Water Volleyball Condo 4 Captain Ian Innes Water Volleyball Condo 5 Captain Kathy Billington PRELIMINARY ROUND: Please note that there have been some significant changes for 2019 compared to 2017. These are highlighted in Yellow. To be eligible to play, all players must have registered to play and paid their fees. The Condo Water Volleyball Captain must inform the Water Volleyball Sport Captain of any new players prior to the first game of the Preliminary Round. Once play has started, the eligible players list is frozen. All teams will play in a round robin set of matches, playing one match against each of the other condo teams. All matches will be a best 2 of 3 games competition with no time limit. A coin flip will determine the choice of court end. A volley (three times over the net) will determine the serving team. In the second game, the teams will change ends and the winner of the first game will retain the serve.