Selection of Vice Presidential Candidates (1)” of the Barry N
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Voting Without Choosing?
Institute of African Studies Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada) 2019 (7) Voting without Choosing? Ethnic Voting Behaviour and Voting Patterns in Nigeria’s 2015 Presidential Election and Implications for Institutionalisation of Social Conflicts Kialee Nyiayaana1 Abstract: Nigeria’s 2015 Presidential Election was widely seen as competitive, fair and less violent than other elections since the transition to democracy in 1999. This paper does not argue otherwise. Rather, it problematizes ethnic voting behaviour and voting patterns observed in the election and raises questions about their implications for institutionalisation of democracy and social conflicts in Nigeria. It argues that while scholarly examinations portray the presidential election results as ‘victory for democracy’, not least because an incumbent president was defeated for the first time in Nigeria, analysis of the spatial structure of votes cast reveals a predominant pattern of voting along ethnic, religious and geospatial lines. It further contends that this identity-based voting not only translates into a phenomenon of ‘voting without choosing,’ but is also problematic for social cohesion, interethnic harmony and peacebuilding in Nigeria. The relaxation of agitations for resource control in the Niger Delta throughout President Jonathan’s tenure and its revival in post-Jonathan regime is illustrative of the dilemmas and contradictions of ethnic voting and voting without choosing in Nigeria. This observation draws policy attention to addressing structural underpinnings of the relationship between ethnicity, geography and voting behaviour in Nigerian politics so as to consolidate democratic gains and enhance democratic peace in Nigeria. Nigeria’s 2015 Presidential election has been described as a turning point in the country’s political history and democratic evolution. -
Brazil Ahead of the 2018 Elections
BRIEFING Brazil ahead of the 2018 elections SUMMARY On 7 October 2018, about 147 million Brazilians will go to the polls to choose a new president, new governors and new members of the bicameral National Congress and state legislatures. If, as expected, none of the presidential candidates gains over 50 % of votes, a run-off between the two best-performing presidential candidates is scheduled to take place on 28 October 2018. Brazil's severe and protracted political, economic, social and public-security crisis has created a complex and polarised political climate that makes the election outcome highly unpredictable. Pollsters show that voters have lost faith in a discredited political elite and that only anti- establishment outsiders not embroiled in large-scale corruption scandals and entrenched clientelism would truly match voters' preferences. However, there is a huge gap between voters' strong demand for a radical political renewal based on new faces, and the dramatic shortage of political newcomers among the candidates. Voters' disillusionment with conventional politics and political institutions has fuelled nostalgic preferences and is likely to prompt part of the electorate to shift away from centrist candidates associated with policy continuity to candidates at the opposite sides of the party spectrum. Many less well-off voters would have welcomed a return to office of former left-wing President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010), who due to a then booming economy, could run social programmes that lifted millions out of extreme poverty and who, barred by Brazil's judiciary from running in 2018, has tried to transfer his high popularity to his much less-known replacement. -
Picking the Vice President
Picking the Vice President Elaine C. Kamarck Brookings Institution Press Washington, D.C. Contents Introduction 4 1 The Balancing Model 6 The Vice Presidency as an “Arranged Marriage” 2 Breaking the Mold 14 From Arranged Marriages to Love Matches 3 The Partnership Model in Action 20 Al Gore Dick Cheney Joe Biden 4 Conclusion 33 Copyright 36 Introduction Throughout history, the vice president has been a pretty forlorn character, not unlike the fictional vice president Julia Louis-Dreyfus plays in the HBO seriesVEEP . In the first episode, Vice President Selina Meyer keeps asking her secretary whether the president has called. He hasn’t. She then walks into a U.S. senator’s office and asks of her old colleague, “What have I been missing here?” Without looking up from her computer, the senator responds, “Power.” Until recently, vice presidents were not very interesting nor was the relationship between presidents and their vice presidents very consequential—and for good reason. Historically, vice presidents have been understudies, have often been disliked or even despised by the president they served, and have been used by political parties, derided by journalists, and ridiculed by the public. The job of vice president has been so peripheral that VPs themselves have even made fun of the office. That’s because from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the last decade of the twentieth century, most vice presidents were chosen to “balance” the ticket. The balance in question could be geographic—a northern presidential candidate like John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts picked a southerner like Lyndon B. -
A History of Maryland's Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016
A History of Maryland’s Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016 A History of Maryland’s Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016 Published by: Maryland State Board of Elections Linda H. Lamone, Administrator Project Coordinator: Jared DeMarinis, Director Division of Candidacy and Campaign Finance Published: October 2016 Table of Contents Preface 5 The Electoral College – Introduction 7 Meeting of February 4, 1789 19 Meeting of December 5, 1792 22 Meeting of December 7, 1796 24 Meeting of December 3, 1800 27 Meeting of December 5, 1804 30 Meeting of December 7, 1808 31 Meeting of December 2, 1812 33 Meeting of December 4, 1816 35 Meeting of December 6, 1820 36 Meeting of December 1, 1824 39 Meeting of December 3, 1828 41 Meeting of December 5, 1832 43 Meeting of December 7, 1836 46 Meeting of December 2, 1840 49 Meeting of December 4, 1844 52 Meeting of December 6, 1848 53 Meeting of December 1, 1852 55 Meeting of December 3, 1856 57 Meeting of December 5, 1860 60 Meeting of December 7, 1864 62 Meeting of December 2, 1868 65 Meeting of December 4, 1872 66 Meeting of December 6, 1876 68 Meeting of December 1, 1880 70 Meeting of December 3, 1884 71 Page | 2 Meeting of January 14, 1889 74 Meeting of January 9, 1893 75 Meeting of January 11, 1897 77 Meeting of January 14, 1901 79 Meeting of January 9, 1905 80 Meeting of January 11, 1909 83 Meeting of January 13, 1913 85 Meeting of January 8, 1917 87 Meeting of January 10, 1921 88 Meeting of January 12, 1925 90 Meeting of January 2, 1929 91 Meeting of January 4, 1933 93 Meeting of December 14, 1936 -
2 Californians with Ambition
™ ~ * D David Lawrence— - IQWfc f? -8y HorryHonon A-13 New Fight on McCarthy Nears Constantine Brown — Case Hopes to Bar Senator From Investigative Roles; Results of NATO Conference Democrats Plan to Bring Out Story of His Finances Dulles' Major Achievement Was to Free the Hands Flushed with their recent fort of prolonging the Mc- one member to attend a com- Os the Militaryto Use Atomic Weapons if Needed Republican “left- * mittee hearing when he is not victory, the Carthy controversy and artur- many wingers” planning to keep even ordered to do so by cub- Secretary of State Dulles re- pects to be benched soon cially France, have tricks are tag. that it will have an effect moderately by political the McCarthy controversy turned from Paris unless some of the which could be used to render of on the 1956 campaign. Just Then, there’s the announce- satisfied with the results of switches we hare seen before the ratification inoperative. alive in the next session long Congress. why any Republican wants to ment by Senator Smathers of his conferences with his in Prance he can detour the The present “ugly” attitude Florida, Democrat, warning NATO colleagues. course of his future. Such a of Moscow does not concern Two moves are in the offing. keep on emphasizing the split major way might be European allies, by in party is unexplained the Republicans that, if they His achievement was by a four-power our Western One is sponsored Senator- the an any the agreement after heated with the Muscovites because they believe it to be of New Jersey, who mystery. -
Federal Election Campaign Act Amendments - 1976 (3)” of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 14, folder “Federal Election Campaign Act Amendments - 1976 (3)” of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. Digitized from Box 14 of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library :..---· Meeting Friday 3/19 -- 10:30 a.m. Common Cause John Gardner David Cohen Fred Wertheimer Monday 3/15/76 Meeting 3/19/76 10:30 a.m. 5:20 We have scheduled a meeting at 10:30 a.m. on 833-1200 Friday 3/19 for the following people from Common Cause: John Gardner Chairman of the Board David Cohen President Fred Wertheimer To discuss campaign finance reform matters. Do you want Barry to sit in? J THE WHITE HOUSE \ WASHINGTON February 16, 19 7 6 Dear Mr. -
Gregory, Bruce
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project BRUCE GREGORY Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: January 5, 2006 Copyright 2015 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born and raised in Rhode Island Barrington College, American University USIA’s Historical Office 1967-1970 Research on USIA’s pre-WWII origins Monograph on US international broadcasting USIA 1970-1978 Book programs Speaker programs Young Officers Policy Panel AFGE Local 1812 Thomas Legal Defense Fund Foreign Affairs Specialist lawsuit, AFGE v. Keogh Selection out due process lawsuit, Lindsey v. Kissinger E.O. 11636, FS employee-management system Foreign Service representation election in USIA Collective bargaining in USIA Dante Fascell, hearings on Stanton Panel report Congressional Fellowship, Mo Udall, Carl Levin 1978-1979 Udall re-election campaign Panama Canal Treaty implementing legislation Detail to USIS New Delhi US Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy 1980-1998 Carter administration, Olin Robison US International Communication Agency Reagan administration, Edwin J. Feulner Annual reports Reports on summit diplomacy, Soviet Union, China Report on public diplomacy and terrorism 1 USIA Director Charles Z. Wick Peter Galbraith’s interest in the Commission George H. W. Bush administration, Tom Korologos Commission opposition to TV Marti Views on US broadcasting after the Cold War Commission opposition to Radio Free Asia Clinton administration, Lewis Manilow, Harold Pachios Senator Jesse Helms and foreign -
HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI November 11, 1971 HON. ROBERT
40808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 11, 1971 ORDER FOR PERIOD FOR TRANSAC ORDER OF BUSINESS The motion was agreed to; and <at 6 TION OF ROUTINE MORNING o'clock and 30 minutes p.mJ the Senate BUSINESS TOMORROW Mr. LONG. Mr. President, I have dis cussed this matter with those who work adjourned unt.il tomorrow, Friday, No Mr. ALLEN. Mr. Pres,ident, acting for with and for the majority leader, and vember 12, 1971, at 9 a.m. the distinguished majority leader and at I understand it is his desire to convene his request, I ask unanimous consent at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning. That is that tomorrow after the conclusion of in accordance with our desire. the remarks of the distinguished senior NOMINATIONS Senator from Oklahoma (Mr. HARRIS) The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Executive nominations received by the there be a period for the transaction of Senator is correct. An order has been entered to that effect. Senate November 11, 1971: routine morning· business for not to ex U.S. DISTRICT COURTS ceed 30 minutes with speeches by Sena James S. Holden, of Vermont, to be U.S. tors limited to 3 minutes at the conclu district judge for the district of Vermont, sion of which the Chair will lay before ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 9 A.M. vice James L. Oakes, elevated. the Senate the unfinished business, H.R. 10947. Mr. LONG. So, Mr. President, I move DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that the Senate stand in adjournment Earl Lauer Butz, of Indiana, to be Secre objection, it is so ordered. -
Contingent Election of the President and Vice President by Congress: Perspectives and Contemporary Analysis
Contingent Election of the President and Vice President by Congress: Perspectives and Contemporary Analysis Updated October 6, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R40504 Contingent Election of the President and Vice President by Congress Summary The 12th Amendment to the Constitution requires that presidential and vice presidential candidates gain “a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed” in order to win election. With a total of 538 electors representing the 50 states and the District of Columbia, 270 electoral votes is the “magic number,” the arithmetic majority necessary to win the presidency. What would happen if no candidate won a majority of electoral votes? In these circumstances, the 12th Amendment also provides that the House of Representatives would elect the President, and the Senate would elect the Vice President, in a procedure known as “contingent election.” Contingent election has been implemented twice in the nation’s history under the 12th Amendment: first, to elect the President in 1825, and second, the Vice President in 1837. In a contingent election, the House would choose among the three candidates who received the most electoral votes. Each state, regardless of population, casts a single vote for President in a contingent election. Representatives of states with two or more Representatives would therefore need to conduct an internal poll within their state delegation to decide which candidate would receive the state’s single vote. A majority of state votes, 26 or more, is required to elect, and the House must vote “immediately” and “by ballot.” Additional precedents exist from 1825, but they would not be binding on the House in a contemporary election. -
Mines, Mills and Malls: Regional Development in the Steel Valley
MINES, MILLS AND MALLS: REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE STEEL VALLEY by Allen J Dieterich-Ward A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2006 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Matthew D Lassiter, Chair Professor J Mills Thornton III Associate Professor Matthew J Countryman Assistant Professor Scott D Campbell In memory of Kenneth Ward and James Lowry Witherow. In honor of Helen Ward and Dolores Witherow. ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank the History Department and the Horace H. Rackham Graduate School at the University of Michigan for generous financial support while researching and writing this dissertation. I began work on this project as part of my Senior Independent Study at the College of Wooster, which was supported in part by the Henry J. Copeland Fund. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission’s Scholar-in-Residence program greatly facilitated my research at the Pennsylvania State Archives. During the final year of writing, I also received a timely and deeply appreciated fellowship from the Phi Alpha Theta History Honors Society. I owe a great debt to the many Steel Valley residents who generously agreed to be interviewed for this project, especially Don Myers, James Weaver, and Charles Steele. Being allowed entry into their present lives and their past memories was a wonderful gift and I have tried to explain their actions and those of their contemporaries in a balanced and meaningful way. The staff of the Ohio Historical Society, Pennsylvania State Archives, Archives of Industrial Society, Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania and the Bethany College Library provided generous assistance during my visits. -
Rowland Evans, Jr. Oral History Interview - JFK#1, 1/7/1966 Administrative Information
Rowland Evans, Jr. Oral History Interview - JFK#1, 1/7/1966 Administrative Information Creator: Rowland Evans, Jr. Interviewer: Ronald J. Grele Date of Interview: January 7, 1966 Place of Interview: Washington, DC Length: 54 pp. Biographical Note Evans, Rowland, Jr.; newspaper columnist with Robert Novak, and television commentator; discusses his association with John F. Kennedy [JFK], JFK’s work on the foreign relations committee, his relation with Clare Booth Luce, his experience in the primaries, the role of the religious issues in JFK’s presidential candidacy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr. and the Humphrey-Kennedy relationship, liberalism, ethnic politics, Truman’s opposition to JFK’s candidacy and JFK’s coup with Michael V. DiSalle, among other issues. Access Restrictions Open. Usage Restrictions According to the deed of gift signed March 27, 1990, copyright of these materials has been assigned to the United States Government. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. -
HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, March 17,1976 the House Met at 12 O'clock Noon
Ma1~ch 17, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6771 people are union members and consumers. Housewright said that because o! the hard He predicted the electronic revolution will We have a very serious obligation to repre sell of the computer hardware industry and come to the entire retail industry, not just sent them on both counts." the apprehension that many supermarket op supermarkets. He also predicted, ..It will have He cited the experience of retail clerks in erators might have about falling behind, supermarkets: "Our members are particularly vast social and economic implications-many "'Some retailers may move too fast and over of them for the common good. But If we wait aware of such things as the reliability of shell extend themselves. The disastrous economic prices, the attitudes of customers, the in and see what the future holds in this area, conditions that our nation has experienced tense pressure on individual store managers we will lose the battle for a basic consumer to produce profits, and the clever manipula has already forced many retailers into bank tion and motivation of customers by refined ruptcies. We have a great stake in avoiding right-the right to know and be able to advertising and merchandising techniques:• still more bankruptcies." verify the price of our purchases:• HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, March 17,1976 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. posited with the Treasury of the United studies in Rome, Italy; was ordained a Msgr. Martin J. Flynn, St. Patrick's States by the Library of Congress TrUst Fund priest July 20, 1930; and completed post Board; and graduate work at several institutions of Roman Catholic Church, Huntington, S.