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Integrated Retrofit Solutions for the Multitenant Light Commercial Market

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Integrated Retrofit Solutions for the Multitenant Light Commercial Market Energy Research and Development Division FINAL PROJECT REPORT Integrated Retrofit Solutions for the Multitenant Light Commercial Market Gavin Newsom, Governor March 2020 | CEC-500-2020-015 PREPARED BY: Primary Authors: Siva Gunda Nelson Dichter Mark Modera Cori Jackson Kostantinos Papamichael Jordan Alley Theresa Pistochini University of California, Davis Energy Efficiency Center 1605 Tilia Street, Suite 100 Davis, CA 95616 Phone: 530-752-4909 http://www.eec.ucdavis.edu Contract Number: 500-10-028 PREPARED FOR: California Energy Commission David Weightman Project Manager Virginia Lew Office Manager ENERGY EFFICIENCY RESEARCH OFFICE Laurie ten Hope Deputy Director ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION Drew Bohan Executive Director DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission. It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. The Energy Commission, the State of California, its employees, contractors and subcontractors make no warranty, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. This report has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission nor has the California Energy Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this report. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank the California Energy Commission, which provided the funding for this research. Staff at the Energy Commission that supported this project include David Weightman and many others. Southern California Edison and Proctor Engineering served as subcontractors on this project; many people from these organizations contributed to this report including Paul Delaney, Alok Singh, John Proctor, and others. Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), San Diego Gas & Electric Company (SDG&E), and the University of California, Davis Office of Research contributed matching funds and support to this project with many people from their respective organizations contributing their time, including: Roland Risser, Jan Berman, Jana Corey and Mananya Chansanchai (PG&E), A.Y. Ahmed and Kate Zheng (SDG&E), and Harris Lewin and Paul Dodd (Office of Research). The members of the program advisory committee provided useful insight and guidance and are also to be commended. Members included: A.Y. Ahmed, Bill Jackson, Daniel Harris, David Weightman, Paul Delaney, Gregg Ander, James Finlay, Marshall Hunt, Josiah Adams, Mahlon Aldridge, Paul Frankel, Karen Penafiel, Adam Siegel, William Teichman, and David Jacot. In addition to these experts, the authors would also like to thank those individuals who participated in interviews and completed surveys as a part of this research. The California Conservation Corps conducted numerous energy audits on commercial buildings and tenants of interest, which were invaluable to this final project. Lastly, the authors would like to show appreciation for their host institution, the University of California, Davis, which as a land grant institution has a mission to conduct research, education, and outreach that provides benefits to society, certainly an outcome of this work. In addition to the authors listed above, there are a number of staff and students who worked on and contributed to the research detailed in this report and ultimately the design of this final product. Some of these contributors include (listed in alphabetical order): Katherine Bannor, Christie Farrell, Benjamin Finkelor, Taimour Khalid, Alicia Loge, Alan Meier, Sandesh Rallapalli, Joseph Sit, Anna Smidebush, and David Thayer. i PREFACE The California Energy Commission’s Energy Research and Development Division supports energy research and development programs to spur innovation in energy efficiency, renewable energy and advanced clean generation, energy-related environmental protection, energy transmission and distribution and transportation. The Energy Commission is committed to ensuring public participation in its research and development programs that promote greater reliability, lower costs, and increase safety for the California electric ratepayer and include: • Providing societal benefits. • Reducing greenhouse gas emission in the electricity sector at the lowest possible cost. • Supporting California’s loading order to meet energy needs first with energy efficiency and demand response, next with renewable energy (distributed generation and utility scale), and finally with clean, conventional electricity supply. • Supporting low-emission vehicles and transportation. • Providing economic development. • Using ratepayer funds efficiently. Integrated Retrofit Solutions for the Multitenant Light Commercial Market is the final report for the Integrated Retrofit Solutions for Untapped Markets project (Contract Number 500-10-028) conducted by the University of California, Davis Energy Efficiency Center. The information from this project contributes to the Energy Research and Development Division’s building end-use energy efficiency efforts. For more information about the Energy Research and Development Division, please visit the Energy Commission’s research website (www.energy.ca.gov/research/) or contact the Energy Commission at 916-327-1551. ii ABSTRACT Multitenant light commercial buildings are a challenging subset of California’s commercial building stock and have long been underserved with respect to energy efficiency programs, incentives, and upgrades. In this project, these buildings were defined as having 2 to 38 tenants, less than 160,000 square feet of floor space, and peak electric demand of less than 500 kilowatts. California has about 90,000 of these buildings that together consume about 26 percent of all electricity used in commercial buildings. This project analyzed these buildings, identified specific building groups for cost- effective energy retrofit packages, and examined lighting, building envelope, mechanical, and control systems to discover energy-saving potential. The project used computer-based simulation to identify cost-effective retrofit solutions, then conducted on-site demonstrations to measure the actual costs and energy savings of the retrofits. The results provide insight into the energy investments in this sector that can most help California meet its ambitious energy goals and greenhouse gas emissions targets. Keywords: Multitenant light commercial buildings, energy efficiency, energy retrofit solutions, technology evaluation, simulation modeling, demonstration projects, building and market characterization, stakeholder analysis, energy audits Please use the following citation for this report: Gunda, Siva; Modera, Mark; Papamichael, Konstantinos; Pistochini, Theresa; Dichter, Nelson; Jackson, Cori; Alley, Jordan. (University of California, Davis). 2020. Integrated Retrofit Solutions for the Multitenant Light Commercial Market. California Energy Commission. Publication number: CEC-500-2020-015. iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... i PREFACE .................................................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. viii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... xiii Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Purpose and Process............................................................................................ 1 Results ............................................................................................................... 2 Benefits .............................................................................................................. 3 CHAPTER 1: Introduction and Background ................................................................. 5 Energy Efficiency in Buildings .................................................................................. 5 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards ...................................................... 6 Multitenant Light Commercial Buildings .................................................................... 6 Project Goals ......................................................................................................... 7 Project Methods ..................................................................................................... 8 Define, Segment, and Characterize the Market ...................................................... 8 Analyze Appropriate Technologies and Implementation Strategies .......................... 8 Develop Tools for Integrated Retrofit Packages ..................................................... 9 Establish Field Demonstrations ............................................................................. 9 Research Team .....................................................................................................
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