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Zeki Demirkubuz Sinemasında Mekan Kullanımı

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Zeki Demirkubuz Sinemasında Mekan Kullanımı Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İletişim Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı ZEKİ DEMİRKUBUZ SİNEMASINDA MEKÂN KULLANIMI Görkem UZUNALİ Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara, 2015 ZEKİ DEMİRKUBUZ SİNEMASINDA MEKÂN KULLANIMI Görkem UZUNALİ Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İletişim Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara, 2015 BİLDİRİM Hazırladığım tezin/raporun tamamen kendi çalışmam olduğunu ve her alıntıya kaynak gösterdiğimi taahhüt eder, tezimin/raporumun kâğıt ve elektronik kopyalarının Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü arşivlerinde aşağıda belirttiğim koşullarda saklanmasına izin verdiğimi onaylarım: Tezimin/Raporumun tamamı her yerden erişime açılabilir. Tezim/Raporum sadece Hacettepe Üniversitesi yerleşkelerinden erişime açılabilir. Tezimin/Raporumun … süreyle erişime açılmasını istemiyorum. Bu sürenin sonunda uzatma için başvuruda bulunmadığım takdirde, tezimin/raporumun tamamı her yerden erişime açılabilir. 23.06.2015 Görkem UZUNALİ TEŞEKKÜR Annem ve babama. Bu zamana kadar hep yanımda oldukları, ne olursa olsun beni hep destekledikleri ve bana daima güvendikleri için. Canım ablam Gökçe’ye. Hayatta aldığım her kararda arkamda durduğu, uyardığı, eleştirdiği ve daima bana inandığı için. Tez danışmanım ve sevgili hocam Gülsüm Depeli’ye. Bölüme geldiğim ilk günden itibaren her kafa karışıklığımı, her endişemi sabırla dinleyip zihnimde yeni aydınlık yollar açtığı ve umutsuzluğa düştüğüm her anda değerli desteğini hiç esirgemediği için. Ders dönemi boyunca derslerine katıldığım Hacettepe Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi’nin tüm değerli hocalarına. Bana hep yeni düşünme biçimleri kattıkları için. Burcu’ya. Farkında olmadan ders alma ve tez yazma sürecinde paylaştıklarıyla, deneyimleriyle bana öğrettiği her şey için. Her vazgeçişimde elimden tutup kaldırdığı ve hiçbir zaman dost kelamını eksik etmediği, bölümü bir kat daha sevilir ve çekilir hale getirdiği için. Nermin, Doğuş ve Sinan’a. Kütüphanenin en sıkıcı ve yorucu günlerini neşeli sohbetleri ile katlanır kıldıkları ve bu süreç içinde daima yanımda oldukları için. ÖZET UZUNALİ, Görkem. Zeki Demirkubuz Sinemasından Mekân Kullanımı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, 2015. Zeki Demirkubuz filmografisinde yer alan dokuz filmi, sinema ve mekân ilişkisini temel alarak çözümleyen bu çalışmada, karakterler bağlamında yönetmenin kurduğu mekânlara bakılmıştır. Toplumsal mekânların bireyler üzerindeki tezahürünü görmek bakımından, Demirkubuz filmografisindeki mekânlar, karakterler ve karakterlerin mekânlar ile olan ilişkisi iyi bir örneklem sunmaktadır. Modernizm ve rasyonalite kıskacında sıkışmış bireylerin nedensizlik ve kayıtsızlık temelinde yaşadıkları toplum, Demirkubuz’un yalnız, köksüz, mekânsız karakterleri yanında sinemasal mekânlarına da yansımıştır. Mekânlar incelenirken Lefebvre’in “soyut mekân” kavramı yol gösterici olmuş, Demirkubuz’un filmsel anlatısı içindeki mekânsal düzenlemeler, modernite mekânlarını örnekler bir niteliğe doğru evrilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada modernite mekânları filmlerdeki karakterler bağlamında, homojenlik, parçalılık ve hiyerarşiklik kavramları çerçevesinde okunmuştur. Analiz kategorileri filmografide yer alan dokuz filmi teker teker analiz etmek yerine, tüm filmler izlendikten sonra beliren ortak temalar çerçevesinde belirlenmiş, filmlerin mekânsal çözümlemesi bu kategoriler altında yapılmıştır. Çözümlemeye başlamadan önce kuramsal çerçevenin sunduğu bilgiler ışığında gerçeklik, temsiliyet ve mekân tartışmasına girilmiş, bu tartışmanın sinemasal düzlemde ne ifade ettiği betimlenmiştir. Bu çalışma bir yanıyla bir yönetmen sineması olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Fakat öte yandan analize konu olan filmler tezde mekan odağında sınırlanmış, çalışma Demirkubuz sinemasının teknik ve türsel özelliklerini de bu doğrultuda sınırlı olarak analize dahil etmiştir. Analizde yönetmenin ağırlıkla kullandığı görsel motifler ve ev, otel odaları, restoran/bar, yollar, kentsel alanlar gibi mekânlar saptanmış, bu ortaklıklar çerçevesinde söz konusu kategoriler oluşturularak filmlerin dilsel ve söylemsel çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Demirkubuz sinemasında mekân kullanımına bakan bu çalışma filmsel anlatılar, karakterler ve filmde dolaşıma sokulan söylemler bağlamında mekânın hem üretildiğine, hem de ürettiğine dair örnekler sunmaktadır. Anahtar Sözcükler Zeki Demirkubuz, sinema ve mekân, sinema ve modernizm, sinema ve kent ABSTRACT UZUNALİ, Görkem. Use of Space in Zeki Demirkubuz Cinema, Master’s Thesis, Ankara, 2015. Analysing nine movies taking part in Zeki Demirkubuz filmography through focusing on the relationship between space and time, this study examines spaces the director constructs in relation to characters. The spaces, characters and the relation between the characters and spaces in Demirkubuz filmography present good samples in order to see the manifestation of social spaces upon individuals. The society, where the individuals getting stuck in modernism and rationality lead motiveless and reckless lives, has its reflections not only on Demirkubuz’s lonely, rootless and placeless characters, but also upon his cinematic spaces. Lefebvre’s concept of “abstract space” has opened a guiding path and the regulations of space in Demirkubuz’s film filmic narratives have evolved into exemplifying the spaces of modernity. Accordingly, spaces of modernity are analysed in relation to characters in the films within the framework of the notions of homogeneity, partiteness and hierarchicalness. The categories of analysis are defined within the scope of common themes that come forth after all the films have been watched, instead of watching and analysing nine films one by one. Before the analysis, a discussion upon reality, representation and space is held through following the path that theoretical framework opens and what this discussion corresponds to in cinematic platform is depicted. This study should be taken into consideration partly as director cinema. But on the other hand, the films that are discussed in the analysis are framed around the focus of space in the thesis and the study correspondingly includes the features of technique and genre of Demirkubuz cinema within the limits of this framework. In analysis, visual motifs and spaces such as flats, hotel rooms, restaurant/bar, roads, and urban areas the director mainly uses are detected, thereafter linguistic and discourse analysis of the films are made through building up categories around these common points. Reading the use of space in Demirkubuz cinema, this study puts forth samples showing that the space is produced and produces with regard to the characters and discourses coming out in the films. Keywords Zeki Demirkubuz, cinema and space, cinema and modernism, cinema and city viii İÇİNDEKİLER KABUL VE ONAY ................................................................................................................... i BİLDİRİM ................................................................................................................................ ii TEŞEKKÜR ............................................................................................................................ iii ÖZET ........................................................................................................................................ iv ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. vi İÇİNDEKİLER ..................................................................................................................... viii GİRİŞ ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1. BÖLÜM ............................................................................................................................. 5 KURAMSAL ÇERÇEVE ........................................................................................................ 5 1. ANLAM YARATMA ve TEMSİLİYET ........................................................................ 5 2. MEKÂN ve MEKÂNIN ÜRETİMİ .............................................................................. 12 3. KENT ve MEKÂN .......................................................................................................... 16 4. SİNEMA ve MEKÂN .................................................................................................... 21 2. BÖLÜM ............................................................................................................................... 27 YÖNTEM ................................................................................................................................ 27 3. BÖLÜM ............................................................................................................................... 29 ANALİZ .................................................................................................................................. 29 1. ZEKİ DEMİRKUBUZ SİNEMASI .............................................................................. 29 1.1. Zeki Demirkubuz ........................................................................................................29 1.2. Kara Film + Melodram = Karamelodram ...................................................................30 1.3. Negatif Olarak Kurulmuş Özne ..................................................................................39 1.4. Zeki Demirkubuz Sinemasında Modernizm ...............................................................41
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