Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and Its Impact on Workers by Ecumenical Institute for Labor Education and Research, Inc

#°∞©¥°¨ - Ø¢©¨©¥π 2•≥•°≤£® 0°∞•≤ 3•≤©•≥ .Ø

#°∞©¥°¨ - Ø¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ§ ©¥≥ )≠ ∞°£¥ ØÆ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥

%£µ≠ •Æ©£°¨ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ ,°¢Ø≤ %§µ£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 2•≥•°≤£® )Æ£ %),%2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥

!≥©° - ØÆ©¥Ø≤ 2•≥Øµ≤£• #•Æ¥≤•

#°∞©¥°¨ - Ø¢©¨©¥π 2•≥•°≤£® 0°∞•≤ 3•≤©•≥ .Ø

#°∞©¥°¨ - Ø¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ§ ©¥≥ )≠ ∞°£¥ ØÆ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥

%£µ≠ •Æ©£°¨ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ ,°¢Ø≤ %§µ£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 2•≥•°≤£® )Æ£ %),%2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥

%£µ≠•Æ©£°¨ )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ ,°¢Ø≤ %§µ£°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 2•≥•°≤£® %),%2 ©≥ °Æ ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ÆØÆ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ ¢°≥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑®©£® ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ØÆ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ •§µ£°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• ¢°≥©£ ∞≤©Æ£©∞¨•≥ Ø¶ ß•Æµ©Æ• ¥≤°§• µÆ©ØÆ©≥≠ ¶Ø≤ ¥®≤•• §•£°§•≥ %),%2"≥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ °Æ§ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ¶Ø≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °¨≥Ø ©Æ£¨µ§• ≤•≥•°≤£® °Æ§ ∞µ¢¨©£°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©≥≥µ•≥ °Æ§ ¨°¢Ø≤ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ °Æ§ °§∂Ø£°£π £°≠ ∞°©ßÆ ¶Ø≤ ¨°¢Ø≤ ≤©ß®¥≥

Asia Monitor Resource Centre Flat 7, 9/F, Block A Fuk Keung Industrial Building 66-68 Tong Mi Road Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2332-1346 Fax: (852) 2835-5319 Website: www.amrc.org.hk

The paper may be reproduced in any non-profit publications; credit is requested.

Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers By Ecumenical Institute for Labor Education and Research, Inc. (EILER), Philippines March 2011

Edited by Asia Monitor Resource Centre For ATNC Monitoring Network

Capital Mobility Research Paper Series is a collaborative work carried out by AMRC and the researchers of Asian TNC Monitoring Network (ATNC). This collaborative research is one of ATNC’s programmes that develop the model of Asian ‘Triangle Solidarity’ which intends to deal with the changing shape of Asian capital and its impact on workers across Asia. This work is carried out by bringing together unions and labour organizations in the region, taking up a collaborative work that equips them with better strategies to cope with the trend of capital mobility. For further information about the work, please visit http://amrc.org.hk/taxonomy/term/issue_2/49

Asia Monitor Resource Centre

The Asia Monitor Resource Centre is an independent non-governmental organization focusing on Asian labour concerns. The Centre provides information, research, publications, training, labour networking and related services to trade unions, labour groups, and other development NGOs in the region. The Centre’s main goal is the support democratic and independent labour movements in Asia. In order to achieve this goal, AMRC upholds the principles of workers’ empowerment and gender consciousness, and follows a participatory framework.

ATNC Monitoring Network

Asian Transnational Corporations (ATNC) Monitoring Network is an Asian regional network of trade unions and labour organizations, which arose in 2002 to monitor the working conditions and management strategies in Asian transnational corporations. The Network now focuses on building up the organizing and educational capacities of its members, to monitor their own workplaces on the basis of their collective power, and carry out joint research and campaigns on the common labour issues of its members. Presently the Network has three main sectoral focuses: garments, automobiles and electronics. For more information about ATNC Monitoring Network, please visit its website: www.atnc.org or contact the Coordinator at [email protected]. !¢≥¥≤°£¥

4®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°≥ ≠°Æπ ¨©Æ´≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø °≥≥•≠¢¨π °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¢µ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ ∞°≤¥ ©¥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ µÆ°¢¨• ¥Ø ¢•Æ•¶©¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥ ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ≠•°≥µ≤•≥ °©≠•§ °¥ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ π•°≤≥ !¥ ¥®• ≥°≠• ¥©≠• °≥ ° ∞¨°π•≤ °¥ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≤ •Æ§ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°≥ Ø¶¥•Æ ¢Ø≤Æ• ¥®• ¢≤µÆ¥ Ø¶ Æ•ß°¥©∂• ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®• ≠°™Ø≤ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ !/%- ≥% ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °¶¥•≤ π•°≤≥ Ø¶ µÆ≤•≥Ø¨∂•§ Ø∂•≤£°∞°£©¥π ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠≥ °Æ§ ®•°∂π §•¢¥ ¨•∂•¨≥ ∑•≤• ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π ∂µ¨Æ•≤°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥®°≤∞ §Ø∑Æ¥µ≤Æ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠π ©Æ &'(&) !§§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠≥ ∑•≤• ° £ØÆ¥≤°£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≠°≤´•¥ §•≠°Æ§ °Æ§ ≤©≥©Æß £Ø≥¥≥ §•≤©∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ®©ß®•≤ •Æ•≤ßπ °Æ§ ≤°∑ ≠°¥•≤©°¨≥ ∞≤©£•≥ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ £¨©≠°¥• £®°Æß• ©≥≥µ•≥ °Æ§ £ØÆ≥µ≠•≤ §•≠°Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞•≤≥ØÆ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ 4®•≥• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠≥ ∑•≤• ∞°≥≥•§ ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ ¥®• /%- ≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ °¨ØÆß ∑©¥® °Æ ©Æ¥•Æ≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥≤•Æ§ ¥Ø ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ ≠Ø≤• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥π ¶Ø≤ 2+$ °Æ§ ©¥≥ °¥¥•Æ§°Æ¥ £Ø≥¥≥ ØÆ¥Ø ¥®• ¢°¨°Æ£• ≥®••¥≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞°≤¥Æ•≤≥ °Æ§ ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ !§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑®Ø≥• ØÆ¨π ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ £Ø≠∞°≤°¥©∂• °§∂°Æ¥°ß• °≠ØÆß !3%!. ∞≤Ø§µ£•≤≥ ®°§ ¢••Æ ©¥≥ ¨Ø∑ ¨°¢Øµ≤ £Ø≥¥ ∑°≥ ≠°§• ≠Ø≤• ∂µ¨Æ•≤°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ •£ØÆØ≠π ¢π ¥®• °§Ø∞¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• !3%!. &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ !!&4!% °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ¥≤°§• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ∞°£¥≥

$•≥∞©¥• °¥¥•≠∞¥≥ ¥Ø ∞µ¥ ∞¨°£• ∞≤Ø¥•£¥©ØÆ©≥¥ ≠•°≥µ≤•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•≠°©Æ•§ ∑•°´ °Æ§ µÆ§•≤§•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ≠°©Æ¨π §µ• ¥Ø ¨©≠©¥•§ §Ø≠•≥¥©£ §•≠°Æ§ !≥¨Ø∑ ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ ∞•≤ £°∞©¥° ©Æ£Ø≠•≥% ∑®©£® ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ° §©≥•£ØÆØ≠π Ø¶ ≥£°¨• °≠ØÆß ¨Ø£°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£•≤≥ 7 ®©¨• ¨Ø£°¨ §•≠°Æ§ ß≤Ø∑¥® ≤•≠°©Æ•§ ¨Ø∑ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ¨©¥¥¨• ©≠∞•¥µ≥ ¶Ø≤ ≥©∫•°¢¨• §Ø≠•≥¥©£ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ Æ••§•§ ¥Ø ≠°´• ©¥ £Ø≠∞•¥©¥©∂• ¢Ø¥® °¥ ®Ø≠• °Æ§ °¢≤Ø°§ ! ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø¶ 1&2 °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠≥ !¢Ø¥® ¨Ø£°¨ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ% ∑•≤• ≥µ≤∂•π•§ °Æ§ £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨• °Æ§ Ø∑Æ•≤≥®©∞ )Æ£¨µ§•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥°≠∞¨• ∑•≤• 12 ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ (ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ )≥µ∫µ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4®•≤• °≤• °¨≥Ø £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ ¥®°¥ ØÆ¨π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥• #"5≥ !£Ø≠∞¨•¥•¨π ¢µ©¨¥(µ∞% °≥≥•≠¢¨•§ Øµ¥≥©§• ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π Æ°≠•¨π 3Øµ¥® +Ø≤•°Æ ¶©≤≠ (πµÆ§°© !≥©° 2•≥Øµ≤£•≥ )Æ£ °Æ§ #®©Æ•≥• £Ø≠∞°Æπ +°≠° 4≤µ£´≥ 0µ≤∞Ø≥©∂• ≥°≠∞¨©Æß ∑°≥ µ≥•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ Ø¶¶©£©°¨ ¨©≥¥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ¶©≤≠≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠•Æ¥ °ß•Æ£©•≥ °Æ§ ≠°™Ø≤ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ß≤Øµ∞≥ °Æ§ £®°≠¢•≤≥

"°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π £°≤≤π Øµ¥ ¨Ø∑ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øß©£°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø§µ£• ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•(°§§•§ £Ø≠∞¨©≠•Æ¥°≤π °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ #Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©°¨©≥¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥Ø≤≥ £Ø≠∞≤©≥• ¥®• ≠°™Ø≤©¥π Ø¶ °¨¨ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠≥ ≥°≠∞¨•§ ∑©¥® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ °Æ§ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≥¥°≠∞©Æß °Æ§ ≠Ø¨§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ ¥≤°Æ≥≠©≥≥©ØÆ≥ £°≤ ≥•°¥≥ £°≤ ≥•°¥ ≤•£¨©Æ©Æß °§™µ≥¥•≤≥ ≠µ¶¶¨•≤≥ ¢≤°´• §©≥£≥ ∑°¥•≤ ∞µ≠∞≥ £°≤∞•¥≥ ≠Ø¨§•§ ≤µ¢¢•≤ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ÆØÆ(£Ø≤• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ 4®• Æ°¥µ≤• Ø¶ µÆ§•≤§•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ §•¶©Æ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ¶¨Ø∑©Æß ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ∑®©£® ©Æ ≠Ø≥¥ £°≥•≥ §©§ ÆØ¥ ≤•≥µ¨¥ ¥Ø ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ Ø¶ •∏©≥¥©Æß !≥©°Æ 4.#≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ®°∂• ¢°≤•¨π •∏∞°Æ§•§ ∑®©¨• ©≠∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #"5≥ £ØÆ¥©Æµ•≥ ¥Ø ≥µ≤ß• •≥∞•£©°¨¨π ∑©¥® ©≠∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #®©Æ•≥• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨•≥ 4®•≤• ®°§ ¢••Æ ÆØ Æ•∑ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ∞°≥¥ §•£°§• ≥°∂• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ØÆ ≠Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ 3®Øµ¨§ ¥®• ¥≤•Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• &©¨©∞©ÆØ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °≤• ¢ØµÆ§ ¶Ø≤ ≠°≥≥ ≤•¥≤•Æ£®≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ∑Ø≤≥• ¶¨•∏©¢¨• ¨°¢Øµ≤ ≥£®•≠•≥ °≥ £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ §Ø∑Æ≥©∫• Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• ¶©Æ°¨ ≥•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ≤•∞Ø≤¥ §•¥°©¨≥ ° Æµ≠¢•≤ Ø¶ ≤•£•Æ¥ ¨°¢Øµ≤ ©≥≥µ•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß µÆ©ØÆ ¢µ≥¥©Æß °£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥•≤©Øµ≥ ®•°¨¥® °Æ§ ≥°¶•¥π ©≥≥µ•≥ ©Æ ¥∑Ø £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ 4ØπØ¥Ø - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ §Ø≠•≥¥©£°¨¨π Ø∑Æ•§ &(4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑®©£® ∞≤Ø§µ£•≥ ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ (ØÆ§° °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠≥

#ØÆ¥•Æ¥≥

!¢≥¥≤°£¥ )Æ¥≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ #®°¨¨•Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π '¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §•≠°Æ§(≥©§• '¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π(≥©§• !µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠°≤´•¥ ©Æ 3Øµ¥®•°≥¥ !≥©°Æ 2•ß©ØÆ 4®• ©≠∞°£¥ Ø¶ !&4! ØÆ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ 4®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π "≤©•¶ "°£´ß≤ØµÆ§ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π 0≤Ø¢¨•≠≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•£¥Ø≤; <$©≥•£ØÆØ≠π< Ø¶ 3£°¨• °Æ§ (©ß® 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥ ! #µ≤≤•Æ¥ 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ °Æ§ °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π " !Æ°¨π∫©Æß ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ £ØÆ¥•∏¥ 3°≠∞¨©Æß °Æ§ ¶≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ Ø¶ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ - °∞∞©Æß ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ ! % !Æ°¨π∫©Æß ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ &©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 3∞°≤≥• ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π % "°Æ´≥ °≥ ≥¥Ø£´®Ø¨§•≤≥ ©Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠≥ ( '≤•°≥©Æß £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ¥®≤Øµß® ¨Ø°Æ≥ " &Ø£µ≥©Æß ØÆ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ " 6) ,°¢Øµ≤ ©≥≥µ•≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π+ )Æ≥©§• 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ &-4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 6)) #ØÆ£¨µ≥©ØÆ ( !∞∞•Æ§©∏ %

4°¢¨•≥ °Æ§ &©ßµ≤•≥

4°¢¨• + )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ #°≤ 3°¨•≥ / ¥Ø ≠ ©§-// 4°¢¨• + /%- 3µ∞∞¨©•≤ #®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ ! &©ßµ≤• + 0≤©£• 2•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ $•≠ °Æ§•§ ¶≤Ø≠ !≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ( &©ßµ≤• + #Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°≤π Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ∑©¥®©Æ !3%!. µÆ§•≤ !&4! / 4°¢¨• + 4Ø∞ /// #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥7 // 4°¢¨• + - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ 0°≤¥≥ °Æ§ °££•≥≥Ø≤©•≥ ¶Ø≤ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ %Æß©Æ•≥ 4°¢¨• %+ 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ °Æ§ 0Ø¨©£©•≥ ØÆ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π % 4°¢¨• !+ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• #°≤ 0°≤¥≥ 80#09 ,Ø£°¨ #ØÆ¥•Æ¥ 2•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥7 - ( 4°¢¨• (+ 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥ £Ø≠ ∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• µÆ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ *°∞°Æ ( 4°¢¨• "+ $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ !∂•≤°ß• 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥≥ 8< 97 //( " &©ßµ≤• + .µ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π-≤•¨°¥•§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤≥ ∞•≤ π•°≤ 8(-//9 &©ßµ≤• + %∏•£µ¥©∂• Ø≤§•≤≥ ∞•≤ *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !)#/ ≥£®•≠ • / &©ßµ≤• %+ !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¢π £ØµÆ¥≤π Ø¶ Ø≤©ß©Æ &©ßµ≤• !+ !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¢π ≥µ¢-©Æ§µ≥¥≤π &©ßµ≤• (+ !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¢π ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨• &©ßµ≤• "+ &≤°≠ •∑Ø≤´ ¶Ø≤ ≠ °∞∞©Æß ¥®• °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ( 4°¢¨• + - °∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ )ÆÆØ∂° °Æ§ 6©Ø≥ 8//9 " 4°¢¨• /+ - °∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ #©∂©£7 #©¥π °Æ§ !££Ø≤§ 8//9 &©ßµ≤• + 6©≥µ°¨©∫©Æß ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø ¥≤°§• / 4°¢¨• + 4Ø¥°¨ !∞∞≤Ø∂•§ &Ø≤•©ßÆ $©≤•£¥ )Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ¢π 0≤Ø≠ Ø¥©ØÆ !ß•Æ£©•≥ !-// 4°¢¨• + &Ø≤•©ßÆ •±µ©¥π ®Ø¨§©Æß≥ ©Æ %°≥¥ !≥©°7 %Æ§-// &©ßµ≤• /+ .•¥ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 8//(-//7 19 % &©ßµ≤• + &Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• £°≤ ≠ °≤´•¥7 (- ! 4°¢¨• + )Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ( 4°¢¨• + !µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥7 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• ¢°Æ´≥7 //!-//

)Æ¥≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ

!¶¥•≤ °¨≠ Ø≥¥ ≥©∏ §•£°§•≥ ≥©Æ£• ¥®• ≥•¥µ∞ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¨©Æ• ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ©¥≥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ •£ØÆØ≠ π ®°≥ ≤•≠ °©Æ•§ ≥≠ °¨¨ Ø∂•≤ ¥®• π•°≤≥ $•≥∞©¥• ∂©ßØ≤Øµ≥ °¥¥•≠ ∞¥≥ ¥Ø ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫• ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®≤Øµß® ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ¥°≤©¶¶ °§™µ≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ£•Æ¥©∂•≥ ¥Ø •Æ£Øµ≤°ß• ≠ Ø≤• ∞¨°π•≤≥ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°≥ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ °Æ§ ≠ °∏©≠ ©∫• ¥®• ≥µ∞∞Ø≥•§ ¢•Æ•¶©¥≥ °Æ§ ≥Ø £°¨¨•§ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥©•≥ ¢≤Øµß®¥ °¢Øµ¥ ¢π ß¨Ø¢°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ!≥ ∞≤Ø≠ ©≥•≥ 4®©≥ ≤°©≥•≥ ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ ¥Ø ∑®°¥ ©≥ ¥®• ≤Ø¨• Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ©Æ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥• Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑®°¥ ©≥ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥!≥ ∞°≤¥ ©Æ ¢≤©Æß©Æß ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥Ø ¥®©≥ ∞≤•§©£°≠ •Æ¥ °Æ§ ¶©Æ°¨¨π ®Ø∑ °≤• ¥®• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °¶¶•£¥•§

4®©≥ ≤•≥•°≤£® ∞°∞•≤ °©≠ ≥ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®•≥• ±µ•≥¥©ØÆ≥ ¢π °Æ°¨π∫©Æß £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®©≥ Ø¢™•£¥©∂• ©≥ °£®©•∂•§ ¢π •∏°≠ ©Æ©Æß ¥®• ≤Ø¨• °Æ§ Æ°¥µ≤• Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ £°∞©¥°¨ Ø¶ !≥©°Æ ¥≤°Æ≥Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ %4.#≥( ©Æ ≥®°∞©Æß ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥• °Æ§ ß•Æ•≤°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ§ ©Æ §©£¥°¥©Æß ¥®• ≤Ø¨• Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ

4®©≥ ∞°∞•≤ ©≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥•§ ©Æ ≥©∏ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ 4®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ¢≤©•¶¨π §•≥£≤©¢•≥ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ £®°¨¨•Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ £≤©≥©≥ ©• ≥©Æ£• )**+ 4®• ≥•£ØÆ§ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ß©∂•≥ ° ¢≤©•¶ ®©≥¥Ø≤π Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ µ∞ ¥Ø ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥• Ø¶ °¶¶°©≤≥ 4®• ¥®©≤§ ∞°≤¥ §©≥£µ≥≥•≥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ °Æ§ ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ©≠ ∞°£¥ ØÆ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®• ¶Øµ≤¥® ∞°≤¥ ß©∂•≥ ° §•¥°©¨•§ ©Æ≥©ß®¥ ØÆ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®≤Øµß® ≠ °∞∞©Æß ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ Ø∑Æ•§ °Æ§ Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß ©Æ ∞°≤¥Æ•≤≥®©∞ ∑ ©¥® !≥©°Æ ¥≤°Æ≥Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ %4.#≥( ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4®• ¶©¶¥® ∞°≤¥ £Ø∂•≤≥ ≥Ø≠ • £°≥• ≥¥µ§©•≥ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥, ≥©¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¶Øµ≤ ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ 4®• ¨°≥¥ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ Øµ≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ≥Ø≠ • £ØÆ£¨µ≥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≤•£Ø≠ ≠ •Æ§°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ≤•≥•°≤£®

$°¥° °Æ§ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ °¥©ØÆ ∑•≤• ß°¥®•≤•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•≥•°≤£®•≥ ≤•∞Ø≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤∂©•∑≥ ∑ ©¥® µÆ©ØÆ©≥¥≥ °Æ§ ≠ •≠ ¢•≤≥ Ø¶ ≤•¨•∂°Æ¥ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ °ß•Æ£©•≥ 4®• ≥¥µ§π ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ∑©¥® !≥©°Æ £°∞©¥°¨ Ø≤ ¥®Ø≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ∑®©£® °≤• •©¥®•≤ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ !≥©°Æ 4.#≥ ™Ø©Æ¥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers ∂•Æ¥µ≤•≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ Ø≤ ∞µ≤•¨π &©¨©∞©ÆØØ∑ Æ•§

) '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ #®°¨¨•Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π

4®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑°≥ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• ≠ Ø≥¥ ≥•∂•≤•¨π °¶¶•£¥•§ ≥•£¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ π ¢π ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ °Æ§ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥ ©Æ )**+ $µ• ¥Ø ¥®• •∏∞Ø≥µ≤• Ø¶ ≠ °Æπ ≠ °™Ø≤ ∞¨°π•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥Ø ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ §•≤©∂°¥©∂•≥ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≠ ≠ •§©°¥•¨π ©Æ©¥©°¥•§ ≠ °≥≥©∂• ≤•¥≤•Æ£®≠ •Æ¥≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑ ©§• ¶≤Ø≠ ∂•®©£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¨©Æ• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ °Æ§ ≤•¥°©¨•≤≥ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ∑°≥ °¶¶•£¥•§ 4Ø ∞≤•∂•Æ¥ ° ¥Ø¥°¨ £Ø¨¨°∞≥• Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• 53 ¥®• °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ©≠ ≠ •§©°¥•¨π ≤•£•©∂•§ ¢°©¨Øµ¥ ¶µÆ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 53 ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥

7 ®©¨• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ °Æ£• ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ≤•£Ø∂•≤π ≥¥©¨¨ ®°≥ ° ¨ØÆß ∑°π ¥Ø ßØ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ°¨π≥¥≥ ®°∂• ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• •≠ •≤ß©Æß ≠ °≤´•¥≥ Ø¶ #®©Æ° )Æ§©° °Æ§ %°≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• %≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ≠ °≤´•¥≥ ©Æ 7 •≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• ≠ •°Æ∑®©¨• £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥Ø ≥®Ø∑ ÆØ ß≤Ø∑¥® §µ• ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤°£¥©ØÆ ©Æ §•≠ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨•≥ - •°Æ∑®©¨• ∂•®©£¨• ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ .Ø≤¥® !≠ •≤©£° ≥°∑ ° ¥•≠ ∞Ø≤°≤π ¢ØµÆ£• ¢≤Øµß®¥ °¢Øµ¥ ¢π ¶¨••¥ ∞µ≤£®°≥•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•Æ¥°¨ £°≤ °ß•Æ£©•≥ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ¢µπ•≤≥ °Æ§ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• 5Æ©¥•§ 3¥°¥•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ∞µ≤£®°≥•≥ ¢π ®Øµ≥•®Ø¨§≥ ©Æ #°Æ°§°) /∂•≤°¨¨ ß¨Ø¢°¨ £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¢π 5 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )**6 ¥Ø ≠ ©§)** ¨•°§ ¢π !≥©° ∑©¥® 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ß≤Ø∑¥® .Ø≤¥® !≠ •≤©£° ∑ ©¥® ° 67 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ©Æ£≤•°≥• 3Øµ¥® !≠ •≤©£° 6 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ °Æ§ %°≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥8 3°¨•≥ ©Æ 7 •≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• £ØÆ¥≤°£¥•§ ¢π * ∞•≤£•Æ¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ∞•≤©Ø§ %0¨•°≥• ≥•• 4°¢¨• ¢•¨Ø∑ (

.µ≠ •≤Øµ≥ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•≥•°≤£® ≤•∞Ø≤¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≤•¨•°≥•§ ØÆ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ §•≠ °Æ§ ¥≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ £®°¨¨•Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®•≥• ¥≤•Æ§≥ £°Æ ¢• ß≤Øµ∞•§ ©Æ ¥∑Ø £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥9 4®• ¶©≤≥¥ °≤• ¥≤•Æ§≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• ¢≤Øµß®¥ °¢Øµ¥ ¢π ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≠ °≤´•¥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥•£ØÆ§ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥®• ≤•≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers ) 4°¢¨• )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ #°≤ 3°¨•≥ ¥Ø ≠ ©§

3Øµ≤£•9 '¨Ø¢°¨ !µ¥Ø 2•∞Ø≤¥ 3£Ø¥©°¢°Æ´ '≤Øµ∞ *µ¨π )**

'¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §•≠ °Æ§ ≥©§•

)Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ µÆ¶°∂Øµ≤°¢¨• ≠ °£≤Ø•£ØÆØ≠ ©£ °Æ§ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £©≤£µ≠ ≥¥°Æ£•≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ©≠ ∞°£¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ £≤©≥©≥ Ø¥®•≤ ¶µÆ§°≠ •Æ¥°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥§≤©∂•Æ ¥≤•Æ§≥ °≤• ≥®°∞•§ ¢π ¥®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑ ©Æß ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø 3£®∑°≤∫9 Ø∂•≤£°∞°£©¥π Ø¶ ≠ °≤´•¥≥ °Æ§ ®©ß® £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ •Æ•≤ßπ °Æ§ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥8 ) ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ °≤©≥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ß¨Ø¢°¨ •¶¶Ø≤¥≥ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ £¨©≠ °¥• £®°Æß•8 °Æ§ : £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤ §•≠ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ∞•≤≥ØÆ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨• ≠ Ø§•¨≥

4®• Ø∂•≤£°∞°£©¥π ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ °£¥µ°¨¨π ¥®• ≠ °Æ©¶•≥¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ®•≤•Æ¥ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ £°∞©¥°¨©≥¥ ≥π≥¥•≠ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ¥®• £≤©≥©≥ Ø¶ Ø∂•≤∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑®•≤• ≠ °≥≥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ≠ Ø§©¥©•≥ Øµ¥∞°£•≥ ¥®• £°∞°£©¥π Ø¶ ≠ °≤´•¥≥ ¥Ø ¢µπ ¥®•≥• £Ø≠ ≠ Ø§©¥©•≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ ¶°¨¨©Æß ≤°¥•≥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø¶©¥ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ £¨•°≤¨π ≥••Æ ©Æ ¥®• ®µß• ß°∞ ¢•¥∑••Æ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ∂•®©£¨• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ∂•®©£¨• ≥°¨•≥ 7 ©¥® ≤©≥©Æß ß¨Ø¢°¨ µÆ•≠ ∞¨Øπ≠ •Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®• §•£≤•°≥©Æß ∂°¨µ• Ø¶ ≤•°¨ ∑°ß•≥ ¥®• £≤©≥©≥ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨©≥¥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑©¨¨ ØÆ¨π ∑Ø≤≥•Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ Ø¶ Ø∂•≤£°∞°£©¥π Ø¶ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :

4®©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ©≥ °ßß≤°∂°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ß¨Ø¢°¨ §•≠ °Æ§ ØÆ ¨©≠ ©¥•§ ≤•≥Øµ≤£•≥ Ø¶ •Æ•≤ßπ °Æ§ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ )Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ß¨Ø¢°¨ §•≠ °Æ§ ®°§ £°µ≥•§ ° £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ µ∞∑°≤§ ¥≤•Æ§ ©Æ £Ø≠ ≠ Ø§©¥π ∞≤©£•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥ ≤°©≥©Æß ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ß•Æ•≤°¨ 6Ø¨°¥©¨• ¶¨µ£¥µ°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ £µ≤≤•Æ£π •∏£®°Æß• ≤°¥•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤•≥¥ ≤°¥•≥ £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø ¥®©≥ µÆ¶°∂Øµ≤°¢¨• ≠ °≤´•¥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥:

0≤•≥≥µ≤•≥ £≤•°¥•§ ¢π ≠ µ¨¥©¨°¥•≤°¨ •¶¶Ø≤¥≥ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ £¨©≠ °¥• £®°Æß• ≥µ£® °≥ •≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ¨•∂•¨ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ °≠ ØÆß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ °≤• ¶Ø≤£©Æß ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥Ø ¶Ø£µ≥ ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ØÆ ≤•≥•°≤£® °Æ§ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ ¥Ø ≠ ••¥ ¥®•≥• ¥°≤ß•¥≥ 4®©≥ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥°¨ Ø≤ @ß≤••ÆA ≠ Ø∂•≠ •Æ¥ ¥Øß•¥®•≤ ∑ ©¥® ¥®• £µ≥¥Ø≠ •≤ §•≠ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ∞•≤≥ØÆ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ %µ≥©Æß ¥®• ≤©ß®¥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥ ¶Ø≤ ° ≥∞•£©¶©£ µ≥•( °Æ§ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ •±µ©∞≠ •Æ¥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥! %/%- ( ¢µ©¨§©Æß Ø¶ Æ•∑ £µ≥¥Ø≠ •≤ ≥•ß≠ •Æ¥≥ ©≥ •Æ£Øµ≤°ß©Æß ≠ Ø≤• ¶≤°ß≠ •Æ¥°¥©ØÆ %∂•®©£¨• ≠ Ø§•¨≥( ©Æ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥ Ø¶¶•≤©Æß≥ 4®©≥ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• £≤•°¥©Æß ≠ Ø≤• ≠ Ø§•¨≥ Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¥Ø °§°∞¥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤ ∞•≤≥ØÆ°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ £°¨¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ≠ •°≥µ≤•≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ ©Æ£≤•≠ •Æ¥°¨ £Ø≥¥≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ ¶≤°ß≠ •Æ¥°¥©ØÆ /Æ• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ®°≥ ¢••Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß µÆ©∂•≤≥°¨ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≥ ≠ Ø§µ¨•≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• ≥®°≤•§ °£≤Ø≥≥ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ °Æ§ ¢≤°Æ§≥

,©´•∑©≥• ¥®• µÆ•∂•Æ ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ §•≠ °Æ§ Ø¶ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ Æ•£•≥≥©¥°¥•≥ /%- ≥ ≤•§•¶©Æ• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≥¥≤°¥•ß©•≥ ¨°πØµ¥≥ °Æ§ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ /%- ≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ ¥©•≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ≠ µ≥¥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ¥®•©≤ ¨Ø£°¨ ∞≤•≥•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®•≥• •≠ •≤ß©Æß •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ ¥Ø ¢•Æ•¶©¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• Æ•∑ ß≤Ø∑¥® Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥©•≥ !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ°¨π≥¥≥ /%- ≥ °Æ§ ¥©•≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ≠ µ≥¥ ¥°∞ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¢°≥• Ø¶ ¥®•≥• •≠ •≤ß©Æß •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ ¥Ø ¥°´• °§∂°Æ¥°ß• Ø¶ £Ø≥¥ ¨•∂•¨≥ °Æ§ ¶µ¨¶©¨ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥≥

'¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π ≥©§•

/Æ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π ≥©§• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °≤• ∞≤©≠ °≤©¨π §©£¥°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ∞•≤•ÆÆ©°¨ Æ••§ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¥Ø ≤•§µ£• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ •¶¶©£©•Æ£π $•£©≥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ®Ø∑ ¥Ø ≠ ••¥ ¥®©≥ Æ••§ °≤• ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£•§ ¢π Æµ≠ •≤Øµ≥ ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ 3Ø≠ • Ø¶ ¥®•≥• °≤• £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤ ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ£•≥ °≥ §©≥£µ≥≥•§ °¢Ø∂• ¥®°¥ §•¥•≤≠ ©Æ• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥π¨•≥ ≤•¨©°¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ °Æ£• ≥¥°Æ§°≤§≥ Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨•≥ 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ¥≤°§• ≥°¶•¥π °Æ§ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥°¨ ≤•ßµ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶µ≤Æ©≥® ¥®• •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ° £ØµÆ¥≤π &©Æ°¨¨π ° ®©ß®¨π £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• ≠ °≤´•¥∞¨°£•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers > ∞µ≥®•≥ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¥Ø •Æß°ß• ©Æ ≤•≥•°≤£® °Æ§ §•≥©ßÆ ©ÆÆØ∂°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ µ∞§°¥• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 4®• ©≠ ∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ ¥®•≥• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ °≤• ©≠ ≠ •Æ≥• °Æ§ °≤• ≥∞≤•°§ °¨ØÆß ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ °´•≤≥>

0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π £°Æ ¢• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥∑Ø %)( ≠ °™Ø≤ £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥9 ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ %/%- ≥( °Æ§ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 4®• Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ©Æ£¨µ§• §•≥©ßÆ©Æß °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©Æß £°≤≥ ∑®©¨• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• ¥®• ∂°≤©Øµ≥ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ Æ••§•§ ©Æ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π 4≤°§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ∑•≤• ¶µ≤¥®•≤ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫•§ ©Æ ≠ µ¨¥©∞¨• ¥©•≤≥ &©≤≥¥ ¥©•≤≥ ∑Øµ¨§ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨π £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ §©≤•£¥¨π ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ °´•≤ 3•£ØÆ§ ¥©•≤≥ ∑Øµ¨§ ∞≤Ø§µ£• ≥©≠ ∞¨•≤ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ ∞°≤¥≥ ¥®°¥ ∑Øµ¨§ ¢• ©Æ£¨µ§•§ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ¢π ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©•≤≥ 4®• ¥®©≤§ °Æ§ ¶Øµ≤¥® ¥©•≤≥ ∑•≤• ≠ Ø≥¥¨π ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥

"µ¥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ °Æ§ ¥®• £®°Æß©Æß ≤Ø¨•≥ Ø¶ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ° Æ•∑ £°¥•ßØ≤©∫°¥©ØÆ °≠ ØÆß °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ •≠ •≤ß•§ 4®• ¶Øµ≤ ¥©•≤≥ ∑•≤• ≤•∞¨°£•§ ¢π ( ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤8 )( ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•≤8 :( £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©°¨©≥¥8 °Æ§ >( ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥Ø≤ 4®• ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ ¢•¨Ø∑ ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®• ¶Ø£µ≥ °Æ§ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥©•≥ Ø¶ •°£® £°¥•ßØ≤π ¥®•©≤ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ≠ °≤´•¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ£• °Æ§ £°∞°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ¥π∞•≥ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 7 4°¢¨• /%- 3µ∞∞¨©•≤ #®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥

3Øµ≤£•9 4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥ !≥©°Æ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ "°Æ´ )**)

!££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ° ≥¥µ§π £ØÆ§µ£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• !≥©°Æ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ "°Æ´ %!$"( @4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ9 '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•A ¥®• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π ° £®°Æß• ©Æ ¥®• ≤Ø¨• °Æ§ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥©•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 4®• ¥≤•Æ§ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£©Æß ©≥ ≥¥©¨¨ ¨©´•¨π ∑ ©¥® /%- ≥ §•≥©ßÆ°¥©Æß ≠ Ø≤• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥©•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥©§• ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 4®• ≤°¥©ØÆ°¨• ¢•®©Æ§ ¥®©≥ £®°Æß• ©≥ ¥®°¥ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ≤•∂•Æµ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ °¶¥•≤≥°¨•≥ ≥•≤∂©£• ®°∂• •∏£••§•§ ¥®• ≤•∂•Æµ•≥ £Ø¨¨•£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¢µ≥©Æ•≥≥ &Ø≤ ¥®• /%- ≥ ¥®• £°≤ ©≥ •∂Ø¨∂©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¢•©Æß ° ∞≤Ø§µ£¥ ¥Ø ¢•©Æß ≠ Ø≤• Ø¶ ° ≥•≤∂©£• 4®•≤•¶Ø≤• ©¥ ©≥ ≠ Ø≤• ∞≤Ø¶©¥°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ /%- ≥ ¥Ø ¶Ø£µ≥ ≠ Ø≤• ØÆ £°≤≤•¨°¥•§ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥ ØÆ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π 4®©≥ ©≥ °¨≥Ø °Æ •¶¶•£¥©∂• ∑°π Ø¶ £Ø∞©Æß ∑©¥® ¥®• ®µß• £Ø≥¥≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ •∂•≤ ß≤Ø∑ ©Æß Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ Æ•∑ ≠ Ø§µ¨•≥ °Æ§ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ 3©Æ£• ¥®• ¨°¥• 6+*≥ /%- ≥ ®°∂• ß≤°§µ°¨¨π ∞°≥≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥π Ø¶ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©Æß ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ≥•£¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• £°≤ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥, ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥©•≥ Ø∂•≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ7

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 5 2•≥•°≤£® °Æ§ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ £Ø≥¥≥ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≠ Ø§µ¨•≥ ®°∂• °¨≥Ø ¢••Æ ∞°≥≥•§ ØÆ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ #Ø≥¥∑ ©≥• Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£©Æß ©≥ ØÆ¨π •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- ≥ ©¶ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ §Ø•≥ °¨¨ ¥®• •Æß©Æ••≤©Æß ∑Ø≤´ ©Æ £Ø≠ ∞¨•∏ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ °¥©£ ¢≤°´©Æß ≥π≥¥•≠ %!"3( ∑®•≤• ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ £Ø≥¥ ©≥ °≥≥µ≠ •§ ¥Ø ¢• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø °¨¨ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤!≥ £¨©•Æ¥≥ %°≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥( +ÆØ∑¨•§ß• ≥®°≤©Æß ®°≥ °¨≥Ø ¢••Æ ≤•§•¶©Æ•§ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®©≥ ≤•∂•≤≥°¨ Ø¶ ≤Ø¨•≥ )Æ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ /%- ≥ ∑•≤• £ØÆ£•≤Æ•§ ∑©¥® ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤≤©Æß ¢•≥¥ ∞≤°£¥©£•≥ ©Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ .Ø∑ ¥®•π °≤• ®Ø∞©Æß ¥Ø ¨•°≤Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•≠ 7 ©¥® ¥®©≥ ¥®• ¨°≤ß• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ®°∂• ¢•£Ø≠ • ¥®• ´•π °£¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

7 ®©¨• ° ∂°≥¥ £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ Ø∂•≤ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ®°≥ ¢••Æ ß©∂•Æ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°≤ß• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ /%- ≥ ≥¥©¨¨ •∏•≤£©≥• ∞Ø∑•≤ Ø∂•≤ ¥®•≠ ≥©Æ£• ¥®•π °≤• ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥, £¨©•Æ¥≥ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ °≠ ØÆß ¥®• /%- ≥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ° £¨•°≤ ≥¥≤°¥•ß©£ ßØ°¨ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¨•≥≥•Æ©Æß ¥®•©≤ Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ &Ø≤ ° ≥©Æß¨• ∂•®©£¨• ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¢Ø¥® ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©≥ •≥¥©≠ °¥•§ ¥Ø ¢• 7*** 4®• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ÆØ∑°§°π≥ ©≥ ¥Ø ¨•≥≥•Æ ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 2•Æ°µ¨¥ ¶Ø≤ •∏°≠ ∞¨• ≤•§µ£•§ ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ©¥≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ¥Ø :7* ¶≤Ø≠ >** ©Æ ¥®• π•°≤ )***

/%- ≥ ®°∂• °¨≥Ø §•≠ °Æ§•§ ∞≤©£• ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ¢π ∞µ¥¥©Æß ©¥ •∏∞¨©£©¥¨π ©Æ ¥®•©≤ £ØÆ¥≤°£¥≥ 4®©≥ ∞°≥≥•≥ ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• Ø¶ ≤•§µ£©Æß ®©ß® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 4®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¶©ßµ≤• ≥®Ø∑≥ ∞≤©£• ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ °≥ §©£¥°¥•§ ¢π /%- ≥ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥

&©ßµ≤• 0≤©£• 2•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ $•≠ °Æ§•§ ¶≤Ø≠ !≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥

3Øµ≤£•9 4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ9 '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥ !$" )**)

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers D

4•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ©≥ °ÆØ¥®•≤ ¶°£¥Ø≤ ¥®°¥ §•¥•≤≠ ©Æ•≥ ¥®• £Øµ≤≥• Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π #°≤≥ ÆØ∑°§°π≥ ®°∂• ¢•£Ø≠ • ≠ Ø≤• ≤•¨©°Æ¥ ØÆ •¨•£¥≤ØÆ©£≥ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥ ≤•¨©°Æ¥ ØÆ ≠ •£®°Æ©£≥ %¨•£¥≤©£°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ •¨•£¥≤ØÆ©£ ≥•Æ≥Ø≤≥ °Æ§ °£¥µ°¥Ø≤≥ °≤• ©Æ¥•ß≤°¨ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ °Æ§ ≠ ØÆ©¥Ø≤©Æß Ø¶ £°≤ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ °Æ£• 4®•π °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¥≤Øµ¢¨•≥®ØØ¥ °Æ§ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ §©°ßÆØ≥¥©£≥ ≥•≤∂• ©Æ Æ°∂©ß°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ °Æ§ ¶µÆ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• •Æ¥•≤¥°©Æ≠ •Æ¥ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ 4®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ •¨•£¥≤ØÆ©£ ¶µÆ£¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ §•∂©£•≥ ©Æ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ¥Ø§°π ®°≥ ≠ Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ¥≤©∞¨•§ £Ø≠ ∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ¥∑Ø §•£°§•≥ °ßØ !¥ ¨•°≥¥ :7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ° ∂•®©£¨•,≥ £Ø≥¥ £°Æ ¢• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ©¥≥ •¨•£¥≤ØÆ©£ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ .•∑ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øß©•≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø ≥®°∞©Æß ¥®• ∑°π ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π §Ø•≥ ¢µ≥©Æ•≥≥ &Ø≤ •∏°≠ ∞¨• ∑©¥® •£Ø≠ ≠ •≤£• ¢•©Æß ≠ Ø≤• °££•≥≥©¢¨• ¥Ø £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤≥ ¥®• )Æ¥•≤Æ•¥ ©≥ µ≥•§ ¢π ¢µπ•≤≥ ¥Ø Ø¢¥°©Æ ©Æ¶Ø≤≠ °¥©ØÆ °¢Øµ¥ ¥®• £°≤ ¥®•π ∑°Æ¥ ¥Ø ¢µπ °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ £ØÆ§µ£¥ ¥®•©≤ ¥≤°Æ≥°£¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ¨©Æ•

.•∑ ¢µ≥©Æ•≥≥ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°∂• °¨≥Ø •≠ •≤ß•§ 4®• ≤•≥•°≤£® °Æ§ •Æß©Æ••≤©Æß ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ≤Ø¨•≥ °≥ °ßß≤•ß°¥Ø≤ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤≠ •§©°¥Ø≤ ¶Ø≤ ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¥Ø ≥π≥¥•≠ °¥©∫• ≥µ∞∞¨π ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞≥ °≤• ≥Ø≠ • Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• °¨≥Ø Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£•§ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π !§§©¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¥®• ¢µ≤§•Æ Ø¶ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≠ °Æ°ß•≠ •Æ¥ ©≥ Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£•§ ¢π ¥®• /%- ≥

5¨¥©≠ °¥•¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ≥¥©¨¨ ≤•¥°©Æ ¥®• §•£©≥©∂• ≤Ø¨• ©Æ ≥•¥¥©Æß ¥®• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®• !$" ≥¥µ§π @4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ9 '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥ ©Æ )**) §©≥£µ≥≥•§ ¥®• ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥¥≤°¥•ß©•≥ °§Ø∞¥•§ ¢π ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ 4®•≥• ©Æ£¨µ§• £ØÆ¥©Æµ©Æß ¥®•©≤ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ∞•≤≥∞•£¥©∂• ©Æ ¥®•©≤ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ .•∑ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ °≤• ¨°µÆ£®•§ °¥ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ¥©≠ • ©Æ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ 4®•π ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¥≤π©Æß ¥Ø ≤•∞¨©£°¥• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®•π ©Æ¶µ≥•§ Æ•∑ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ °Æ§ §•≠ °Æ§ ¥®°¥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ °¨≥Ø ¢• ∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®•≥• Æ•∑ ≤•ß©ØÆ≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®•π °≤• ¨Ø£°¥•§ !ÆØ¥®•≤ ≥¥≤°¥•ßπ ©≥ ¥®• ≤•Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®•©≤ ∂•®©£¨• ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø °≤ØµÆ§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≥ °Æ§ £°≤ ≠ Ø§µ¨•≥ °Æ§ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ ¶Ø£µ≥©Æß ØÆ £Ø≠ ≠ ØÆ ∞¨°¥¶Ø≤≠ ≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•≤£®°Æß•°¢¨• ≠ Ø§µ¨•≥ 4®©≥ ∑Øµ¨§ ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑®©¨• ≤•≥∞ØÆ§©Æß ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¶≤°ß≠ •Æ¥°¥©ØÆ §µ• ¥Ø £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤ ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ£•≥ &Ø≤ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ¥®• ∞°¥® ¥Ø ß≤Ø∑ ¥® ©≥ ¥Ø °§∂°Æ£• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ¥©•≤ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• Æ•∏¥ ®©ß®•≤ ¥©•≤

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers + !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠ °≤´•¥ ©Æ 3Øµ¥®•°≥¥ !≥©°Æ 2•ß©ØÆ

!µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ß©°Æ¥≥ ¨ØØ´ °¥ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ °≥ ØÆ• ≠ °≤´•¥ °Æ§ ÆØ¥ ØÆ ° £ØµÆ¥≤π¢π£ØµÆ¥≤π ¢°≥©≥ 4®©≥ ©≥ ¢•£°µ≥• ©Æ∂•≥¥©Æß ©Æ °Æπ £ØµÆ¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ß©∂•≥ ¥®• ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤ °££•≥≥ ¥Ø Æ•©ß®¢Øµ≤©Æß ≠ °≤´•¥≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !3%!. &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ %!&4!( ∑®©£® ¥ØØ´ •¶¶•£¥ ©Æ *°Æµ°≤π )**: 4®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ©≥ °¨≥Ø ≥••Æ °≥ ° ∑®Ø¨• °≥ ÆØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ≤•ß©ØÆ ©≥ ¨°≤ß• •ÆØµß® ¶Ø≤ °Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 4®°©¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ •∂•Æ ∑ ©¥® £Ø≠ ¢©Æ•§ ≥°¨•≥ Ø¶ 7 ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ©Æ 665 %¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ!≥ ∞•°´ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ °Æ£• ∞≤•!≥©°Æ &©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥ ©Æ 66D( ©≥ ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥∑Ø ¥Ø ¥®≤•• •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ !Æ§ ∑®©¨• ≤•≥¥≤©£¥©∂• ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ ∞≤•∂°¨•Æ¥ °≠ ØÆß !3%!. ≠ •≠ ¢•≤≥ ∑•≤• ¢¨°≠ •§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ¨©≠ ©¥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ≥£°¨• Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ∞°≥¥ ≠ Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π µÆ©¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• ØÆ °Æ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨•∂•¨

0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∂Ø¨µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ ∑©¨¨ ≠ Ø≥¥¨π §•∞•Æ§ ØÆ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≥•£¥Ø≤ 4®• /%- ≥, ¥≤•Æ§ ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥• Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£©Æß ¥Ø ¨Ø£°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥≥ ≠ •°Æ≥ ¥®°¥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ §•£©≥©ØÆ≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• §•¥•≤≠ ©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• °¢©¨©¥π Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ¨Ø∑£Ø≥¥ ±µ°¨©¥π ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø ¥°´• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥π ¶Ø≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 2•£Ø≠ ≠ •Æ§°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ¥®•≤•¶Ø≤• ß•°≤•§ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ µ∞ß≤°§©Æß ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °≥ ¥®• £Ø≤• Ø¶ ¥®• ∞Ø¨©£π Ø¶ °Æπ Ø¶ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥≥ 7 ©¥® ¨©≠ ©¥•§ £°∞©¥°¨ °Æ§ ≤•≥Øµ≤£•≥ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥ °§∂°Æ£•§ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ¶•∑ !≥©°Æ ¶©≤≠ ≥ Øµ¥≥©§• *°∞°Æ ∑©¨¨ ¢• °¢¨• ¥Ø £Ø≠ ∞•¥• °¥ ¥®• ≤•°¨≠ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• !$" ≥¥µ§π

4®• ©≠ ∞°£¥ Ø¶ !&4! ØÆ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ

! £¨Ø≥• ≥¥µ§π Ø¶ ¥®• ©≠ ∞°£¥ Ø¶ ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ØÆ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ∑Øµ¨§ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ °≤ØµÆ§ )**: ∑®•Æ !&4! ∑°≥ ¢•ß©ÆÆ©Æß ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤°£¥©£°¨¨π µ¥©¨©∫•§ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ° ≤•≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø£µ≤•≠ •Æ¥ ≥π≥¥•≠ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π5

"•¶Ø≤• )**: *°∞°Æ°¶¶©¨©°¥•§ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ©Æ !3%!. £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ∑•≤• Ø¢¨©ß°¥•§ ¢π ¥°≤©¶¶ ¢°≤≤©•≤≥ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£• £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≤•ß°≤§¨•≥≥ Ø¶ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∂Ø¨µ≠ • (Ø∑•∂•≤ ∑ ©¥® !&4! ¥®•≥• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ °¢¨• ¥Ø £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥• ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ∞°≤¥≥ ©Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ßØØ§ °¥ ∞≤Ø§µ£©Æß ¥®•≠ °Æ§ ¥Ø £Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥ •°£® Ø¥®•≤ °≠ ØÆß ¥®• °≤•° ∑®©£® ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 6 £Ø≥¥£Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂•Æ•≥≥ 5Æ§•≤ Ø≤§©Æ°≤π £©≤£µ≠ ≥¥°Æ£•≥ ©¥ ∑Øµ¨§ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠ Ø≤• •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£• °Æ •Æ¥©≤• ∂•®©£¨• °¥ ° ≥∞•£©¶©£ ¢°≥• ≥µ£® °≥ ©Æ 4®°©¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π ¥®•≠ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®• ∑©¥®§≤°∑°¨ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ∑®©£® ®°∂• ° ∂•≤π ¢≤Ø°§ ¢°≥• ∑Øµ¨§ ®°∂• ≠ °§• ° £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¢¨• ©≠ ∞°£¥ ØÆ ¥®• £Ø≠ ≠ µÆ©¥π ¥®•≥• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ §•£©§•§ ¥Ø ≥¥°≤¥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∏£®°Æß• Ø¶ £•≤¥°©Æ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥

&©ßµ≤• #Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°≤π Æ•¥∑ Ø≤´ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ∑ ©¥®©Æ !3%!. µÆ§•≤ !&4!

3Øµ≤£•9 0≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• ©≠∞°£¥ Ø¶ &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠•Æ¥≥ )¢ØÆ &ØµÆ§°¥©ØÆ %$•£•≠ ¢•≤ )**(

4®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ©Æ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤ ∑°≥ °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ©≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ !&4! ¢•£°µ≥• ©¥ ≥©ßÆ°¨¨•§ ¥®• °∞∞≤Ø∂°¨ Ø¶ ° ≥•≤©•≥ Ø¶ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ ¥Ø ¶°£©¨©¥°¥• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ µÆ§•≤ !&4! °≥ §©≥£µ≥≥•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers * ¨°¥•≤ ©Æ ¥®©≥ ∞°∞•≤ %3•• #®°∞¥•≤ )))(

)) 4®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π

4®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥µ≥ Ø¶ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ ÆØ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ß•Æ•≤°¨ £®°≤°£¥•≤©≥¥©£≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ≥•£¥Ø≤ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π )¥ ©≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π £®°≤°£¥•≤©∫•§ ¢π ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• ∂•®©£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥≥ ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ®©ß® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ ≤•¨°¥©∂• ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨•∂•¨≥ °Æ§ ° ®©ß® ≤°¥• Ø¶ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π ¢µ©¨¥ µ∞ µÆ©¥≥ %#"5≥( /Æ ¥®• §•≠ °Æ§ ≥©§• ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≥•≤∂•≥¥ ° ≥≠ °¨¨ °Æ§ ≥¨Ø∑ ß≤Ø∑ ©Æß §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °≤´•¥

4®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∞≤Ø§µ£•≥ ° ¶µ¨¨ ≤°Æß• Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨•≥9 ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ ¨©ß®¥ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ %,#6≥( !≥©°Æ µ¥©¨©¥π ∂•®©£¨•≥ %!56≥( ¥≤µ£´≥ °Æ§ ¢µ≥•≥ 4®•≤• °≤• °¨≥Ø ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ £°≤≥ °Æ§ £°≤ ∞°≤¥≥ £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ °≥ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π´ÆØ£´•§§Ø∑ Æ %#+$( ≥•≠ ©´ÆØ£´•§§Ø∑Æ %3+$( °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π¢µ©¨¥µ∞ %#"5( ∂•®©£¨•≥ 3+$≥ °≤• ≥•≠ ©°≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ £°≤≥ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ ¥©≤•≥ °Æ§ ¢°¥¥•≤©•≥ #+$≥ °≤• £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π ´ÆØ£´•§§Ø∑ Æ µÆ©¥≥ Ø¶ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® ≠ °π ©Æ£¨µ§• ÆØ¥ ØÆ¨π ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ≥µ¢°≥≥•≠ ¢¨©•≥ °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©•≥ ¨©´• •Æß©Æ•≥ ¥≤°Æ≥≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ≥ °∏¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©•≥ £®°≥≥©≥•≥ °Æ§ ¢Ø§π°≥≥•≠ ¢¨©•≥ D

"µ≥©Æ•≥≥ ∞¨°π•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π £°Æ ¢• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®≤•• £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥9 ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π ¢µ©¨¥ µÆ©¥≥ Ø≤ #"5≥ 4®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °≤• ¥®• ¨•°§•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ °≤• µ≥µ°¨¨π ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ß©°Æ¥≥ 4®•π °≤• •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π ´ÆØ£´•§ §Ø∑Æ %#+$( ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∑ ©¥® ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ 3Ø≠ • °≤• °¨≥Ø •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ °Æ§ ©Æ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©Æß #"5≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥ 4®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °≤• •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• µ≥•§ ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨• ∂•®©£¨•≥ 4®• ≠ °™Ø≤©¥π Ø¶ ¥®•≠ °≤• £°¥•ßØ≤©∫•§ °≥ ≥≠ °¨¨ °Æ§ ≠ •§©µ≠ ≥©∫•§ •Æ¥•≤∞≤©≥•≥ ∑®©¨• ¥®• ¨•°§©Æß °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ °≤• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ∑ ©¥® §©≤•£¥ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ∞°≤¥Æ•≤≥®©∞ 4®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ °≤• ≠ Ø≥¥¨π ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ß©°Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ÆØ¥ •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ °Æπ ¶Ø≤≠ Ø¶ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π 4®•π ØÆ¨π ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ¶Ø≤ ≥°¨•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 4°¢¨• - 4Ø∞ #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥. /- °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨•≥1

Gross Revenues PhP Million Rank %change Net Income Manufacture of Motor Vehicles

Toyota Motor Philippines Corp. 45088 19 3.8 2644 Mitsubishi Motors Philippines Corp. 12758 87 18.4 446 Isuzu Philippines Corp. 9715 122 5.9 410 Hyundai Asia Resources, Inc. 7813 148 20.1 88 Ford Motor Co. Philippines, Inc. 7685 150 35.5 61 Ford Group Philippines, Inc. 7584 153 -2.1 27 Universal Motors Corp. 4532 247 32.2 81 Columbian Auto Car Corp. 2481 457 62.3 71 General Motors Automobile Phils., Inc. 2211 502 24.9 -16 Nissan Motor Philippines, Inc. 2143 512 -6.5 -251 Pilipinas Hino, Inc. 1625 636 31.9 196 Total/ Average 103635 10.8 3759 3Øµ≤£•9 "µ≥©Æ•≥≥ 7 Ø≤¨§ 4Ø∞ *** #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ )**6

4®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≥•£¥Ø≤ £ØÆ≥©≥¥≥ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß ©Æ ≠ •¥°¨∑Ø≤´©Æß %>+ ∞•≤£•Æ¥( ≤µ¢¢•≤ %7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥( ≥•°¥≥ °Æ§ ¥≤©≠ ≥ %* ∞•≤£•Æ¥( ∞¨°≥¥©£≥ %6 ∞•≤£•Æ¥( •¨•£¥≤©£°¨ %+ ∞•≤£•Æ¥( °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤≥ %* ∞•≤£•Æ¥( 3Ø≠ • Ø¶ ¥®• ∞°≤¥≥ ¥®°¥ °≤• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ®•≤• ©Æ£¨µ§•9

3µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥9 ¥©≤•≥ ≥¥••¨ ≤©≠ ≥ °¨µ≠ ©Æ©µ≠ ∑®••¨≥ ¨•°¶ °Æ§ £Ø©¨ ≥∞≤©Æß≥ ) )Æ¥•≤©Ø≤≥9 £°≤∞•¥≥ ≥•°¥≥ : %¨•£¥≤©£°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥9 ∑©≤©Æß ®°≤Æ•≥≥•≥ ¢°¥¥•≤©•≥ ¨°≠ ∞≥ ≤•¨°π≥ > 0≤•≥≥•§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥9 ≠ µ¶¶¨•≤≥ ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥ ≥•°¥ ¶≤°≠ •≥ ≥•°¥ °§™µ≥¥•≤≥ Ø©¨ °Æ§ °©≤ ¶©¨¥•≤≥ ∞•§°¨≥ 7 2µ¢¢•≤ °Æ§ ∞¨°≥¥©£ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥9 ¶°Æ ¢•¨¥≥ ≤µ¢¢•≤ ®Ø≥•≥ ≥≠ °¨¨ ∞¨°≥¥©£ ∞°≤¥≥ 5 - •£®°Æ©£°¨ ∞°≤¥≥9 ¥≤°Æ≥≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ≥ D #°≥¥ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ß•§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥9 ß•°≤ ¢¨°Æ´≥ ¢≤°´• §©≥´≥ ¢≤°´• §≤µ≠ ≥

4®• ¨•°§©Æß ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ °££•≥≥Ø≤©•≥ ¨©≥¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4Ø∞ *** £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• π•°≤ )**6 °≤• ≥®Ø∑Æ ©Æ ¥®• ¥°¢¨• ¢•¨Ø∑ 9

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers ) 4°¢¨• 2 - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ 0°≤¥≥ °Æ§ °££•≥≥Ø≤©•≥ ¶Ø≤ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ %Æß©Æ•≥

PhP Million Rank %change Net Income Takata (Philippines) Corp. 7871 146 -14.2 1111 Continental Temic Electronics (Phils.), Inc. 7208 163 -8.6 117 Toyota Autoparts Philippines, Inc. 5709 201 35.3 313 Philippine Auto Components, Inc. 5215 218 -2.7 498 Isuzu Autoparts Manufacturing Corp. 4179 276 263.5 374 Mitsuba Manufacturing Batangas Corp. 4104 282 33 -123 Mitsuba Philippines Corp. 3905 295 -0.7 -134 Asian Transmission Corp. 3221 364 8.3 128 Honda Parts Manufacturing Corp 3114 373 -21.9 -65 Laguna Auto-Parts Mfg. Corp. 2634 439 -15.9 71 Visteon Phillipines, Inc. 2555 446 -1.4 368 Yutaka Mfg. (Philippines) Inc. 2063 526 -25.1 35 Furukawa Electric Autoparts Phil. Inc. 1968 554 6.5 57 Ryonan Electric Philippines Corp. 1481 678 -7.5 3 Imasen Philippine Mfg. Corp. 1336 748 15.9 61 TS Tech Trim Philippines,Inc. 1317 758 43.7 185 Keihin Philippines Corp. 1155 853 -24.7 98 3Øµ≤£•9 "µ≥©Æ•≥≥7 Ø≤¨§ 4Ø∞ *** #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ )**6

"≤©•¶ "°£´ß≤ØµÆ§ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π

!¶¥•≤ 7 Ø≤¨§ 7 °≤ )) ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ÆØ £°≤ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π !¨¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∑•≤• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶¶©£•≥ )≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £°≤≥ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∞µ≤∞Ø≥•≥ ∑°≥ ∞≤Ø®©¢©¥•§ µ∞ ¥Ø ¥®• π•°≤ 67* ! π•°≤ ¨°¥•≤ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞®°≥• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• £°≤ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑°≥ Ø∞•Æ•§ ∑©¥® ≠ ©Æ©≠ °¨ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥≥ &Ø≤•©ßÆ •∏£®°Æß• °¨¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ß≤°Æ¥•§ ØÆ¨π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #+$ µÆ©¥≥ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π "π65* ¥∑•¨∂• %)( ¨Ø£°¨ ∂•®©£¨• ¶©≤≠ ≥ ∑•≤• Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©Æß :* ¢≤°Æ§≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 7 •≥¥•≤Æ %µ≤Ø∞• ¥®• 5Æ©¥•§ 3¥°¥•≥ *°∞°Æ °Æ§ !µ≥¥≤°¨©° "π 65+ ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ∞¨°π•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°§ ≤©≥•Æ ¥Ø )6 ¶©≤≠ ≥ ∑®©£® °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ 5* ≠ Ø§•¨≥ (Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ §•≠ °Æ§ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥ ∑ ©¥® ØÆ¨π **** µÆ©¥≥ ∞•≤ π•°≤ ≥Ø¨§ °¥ ¥®°¥ ¥©≠ • 7 ©¥® ¥®©≥ Ø∂•≤≥µ∞∞¨π ≥©¥µ°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ §∑©Æ§¨©Æß ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ •∏£®°Æß• ≤•≥•≤∂•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨°¥• 65*≥ ¥®• #•Æ¥≤°¨ "°Æ´ ≤•¶µ≥•§ ¥Ø °¨¨Ø£°¥• °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ •∏£®°Æß• ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π+

)Æ 6D ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ¶©Æ°¨¨π §≤°¶¥•§ ° Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ ∞¨°Æ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 5Æ§•≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ @0≤Øß≤•≥≥©∂• #°≤ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß 0≤Øß≤°≠ A ¥®• "Ø°≤§ Ø¶ )Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥•§ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π!≥ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers : ∞≤Øß≤°≠ +•π Ø¢™•£¥©∂•≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ∑•≤• ¥Ø °£®©•∂• ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ £µ≤≤•Æ£π ≥°∂©Æß≥ ¥®≤Øµß® ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °£¥©∂©¥π ©Æ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥≠ °¨¨ ¥Ø ≠ •§©µ≠ ≥©∫•§ •Æ¥•≤∞≤©≥•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥µ≤ß• Ø¶ •∏∞Ø≤¥≥ Ø¶ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !3%!. °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°¥©ØÆ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ 4®• ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ∞≤Ø®©¢©¥•§ ¥®• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #"5 ∂•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ ¨©≠ ©¥•§ ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ≤•ß©≥¥•≤•§ ¶©≤≠ ≥ °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥Ø ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ #+$ ∞°≤¥≥ 5Æ¶Ø≤¥µÆ°¥•¨π ¥®• ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©Æ¥Ø ° ≠ °™Ø≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥•≤ 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø≠ ∞¥•§ ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ¥Ø ¨•≥≥•Æ ∞≤©Ø≤©¥©∫°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ¥®©≥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ 4®©≥ ≥©¥µ°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ °ßß≤°∂°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• 6+: •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ £≤©≥©≥ ∑®•Æ ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ •Æ¶Ø≤£•§ ° ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ •∏£®°Æß• ¢°Æ ØÆ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥≥ ∑®Ø≥• ∂°¨µ• ∑°≥ ß≤•°¥•≤ ¥®°Æ °Æ ©Æ§©∂©§µ°¨ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ •∏∞Ø≤¥≥ 4®©≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ ° Æ•°≤ £Ø¨¨°∞≥• Ø¶ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≥µ£® ¥®°¥ ©Æ 6+> ØÆ¨π ¥∑Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ≤•≠ °©Æ•§ 0!- #/2- ©¥≥µ °Æ§ .©≥≥°Æ6

4®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ©¥©°¥•§ ≥µ¢≥•±µ•Æ¥ £°≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ ¢µ¥ ¥®• ≤•≥µ¨¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ≠ ©∏•§ °¥ ¢•≥¥ 4®• ¥°¢¨• ¢•¨Ø∑ ≥µ≠ ≠ °≤©∫•≥ •°£® £°≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ¨°µÆ£®•§ ¢π ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 6D: ¥Ø )**> !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ° ≥•≤©•≥ Ø¶ ≥¥µ§©•≥ ØÆ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π,≥ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ °Æ£• £ØÆ§µ£¥•§ ¢π 2°¶°•¨©¥° - •≤£°§Ø!¨§°¢° Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 3¥µ§©•≥ %0)$3( µÆ§•≤ ¥®•≥• ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ≥π≥¥•≠ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø¥•£¥©ØÆ ≤•ßµ¨°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø≠ Ø¥©ØÆ ¥®≤Øµß® ®©ß® ¥°≤©¶¶≥ ° ®©ß® ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥ ≥£®•≠ • °Æ§ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥©ØÆ≥ 4®©≥ ≤•≥µ¨¥•§ ©Æ °Æ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®°¥ ®°§ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• ®©ß®•≥¥ ¨•∂•¨≥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø¥•£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ≥•£¥Ø≤ 4®• ∞°£´°ß• ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø≠ Ø¥• °Æ •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π £°∞°¢¨• Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞•¥©Æß ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨¨π )¥ ∞•≤¶Ø≤≠ •§ ∞ØØ≤¨π ©Æ £Ø≠ ∞°≤©≥ØÆ ∑©¥® °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ©Æ Ø¥®•≤ 3Øµ¥®•°≥¥ !≥©°Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥*

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers > 4°¢¨• 4 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ ≥ °Æ§ 0Ø¨©£©•≥ ØÆ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 7

3Øµ≤£•9 0)$3 - •≤£°§Ø !¨§°¢° - ©£≤Ø3¥µ§©•≥9 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• #°≤ !≥≥•≠ ¢¨π 3•£¥Ø≤ 66D

0≤Ø¢¨•≠ ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥•£¥Ø≤ 5$©≥•£ØÆØ≠ π5 Ø¶ 3£°¨• °Æ§ (©ß® 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥

"°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• 0)$3 ≥¥µ§π ¥®• ¶µÆ§°≠ •Æ¥°¨ Ø¢≥¥°£¨• ¥®°¥ ∞≤•∂•Æ¥•§ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¶≤Ø≠ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ •¶¶©£©•Æ£©•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•≤•¢π ß¨Ø¢°¨ £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂•Æ•≥≥ ∑°≥ ¥®• !§©≥•£ØÆØ≠ π Ø¶ ≥£°¨•! ©Æ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ©≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥•§ ∑©¥® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥®°¥ ©≥ Ø≤©•Æ¥•§ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ °Æ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥ ¥®°¥ ©≥ ∂•≤π ¨©≠ ©¥•§ ©Æ ≥©∫• 4®©≥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ©≥ °¨≥Ø ©Æ¥•ß≤°¨ ¥Ø ®©ß® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥ ©≥≥µ• 4®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥§©£¥°¥•§ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ≤•±µ©≤•§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ¥Ø ≥Øµ≤£• °¥ ¨•°≥¥ >* ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• £°≤ ∞°≤¥≥ %0#0( ¶≤Ø≠ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ©Æ 66* §•£≤•°≥©Æß ©¥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¥®• Æ•∏¥ ¥∑Ø π•°≤≥ ∑®©£® ∑©¨¨ ¢• ≤°©≥•§ °ß°©Æ ¥Ø 7G ¢π 66:

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 5 4°¢¨• 7 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• #°≤ 0°≤¥≥ /0#01 ,Ø£°¨ #ØÆ¥•Æ¥ 2•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥. -

3Øµ≤£•9 !¨§°¢° 0)$3

4®©≥ ≥£®•≠ • ©Æ§©≤•£¥¨π ©≠ ∞Ø≥•§ ° £Ø≥¥ ∞•Æ°¨¥π ØÆ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®•π ∑•≤• ¶Ø≤£•§ ¥Ø ¢µπ ¨Ø∑•≤ ±µ°¨©¥π °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ¢µ¥ ØÆ•≥ ∑®©£® ∑•≤• ∞≤©£•§ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ØÆ•≥ 4®©≥ Æ°¥µ≤°¨¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¥®•©≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ 4≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£π ≤•¶Ø≤≠ ≥ ¥Ø °§§≤•≥≥ ¥®©≥ §©§ ÆØ¥ ≤•≠ Ø∂• ¥®• ∞≤Ø¥•£¥©∂• ≠ •°≥µ≤•≥ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥Ø ©≠ ∞≤Ø∂• •¶¶©£©•Æ£π °Æ§ §©§ ÆØ¥ ≥µ££••§ ©Æ ≤•§µ£©Æß ¥®• £Ø≥¥ 4®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ¥°¢¨• £Ø≠ ∞°≤•≥ ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¥Ø *°∞°Æ ! ∂•®©£¨• ≠ °§• ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ©≥ :** ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ≠ Ø≤• •∏∞•Æ≥©∂• ¥®°Æ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ≠ Ø§•¨ °Æ§ ¢≤°Æ§ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ©Æ *°∞°Æ

4°¢¨• : 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥ £Ø≠ ∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• µÆ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ *°∞°Æ

3Øµ≤£•9 !¨§°¢° 0)$3 66D

4°¢¨• D ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°≤©≥ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %0§( ¥Ø £Ø≠ ∞°≤°¢¨• ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§ ©Æ *°∞°Æ %0¢( 4®©≥ ¥°¢¨• £¨•°≤¨π ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®°¥ £°≤≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑•≤• : ¥©≠ •≥ £Ø≥¥¨©•≤ ¥®°Æ ¥®Ø≥• ©Æ *°∞°Æ °¥ > ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©Æ 66> &Ø≤ ¨©ß®¥ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers D ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ≤°Æß• ):D)7+ ¥©≠ •≥ ≠ Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ¥®Ø≥• ©Æ *°∞°Æ °¥ >> ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©Æ 667

4®• ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ®©ß® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•¶¨•£¥≥ ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ µÆ§•≤§•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• •£ØÆØ≠ π 4®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≥•£¥Ø≤≥ °≤• §Ø≠ ©Æ°¥•§ ¢π ≥≠ °¨¨ °Æ§ ≠ •§©µ≠ •Æ¥•≤∞≤©≥•≥ 4®•π ®°∂• ¨©≠ ©¥•§ °££•≥≥ ¥Ø £°∞©¥°¨ °Æ§ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ 4®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≥•£¥Ø≤ ©≥ °¨≥Ø ®©ß®¨π ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ °≥ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø ≥Øµ≤£•§ Øµ¥≥©§• ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π 4®• •£ØÆØ≠ π ¨°£´≥ ∑•¨¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞•§ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ¢°≥•§ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ °Æ§ ¢°≥©£ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ≥¥••¨ ¥®°¥ ∑Øµ¨§ ≥µ∞∞¨π ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ $µ• ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•≠ °©Æ•§ ®©ß® °Æ§ ©¥ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® ©¥≥ £Ø≠ ∞°≤°¥©∂• °§∂°Æ¥°ß• ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ 4®• ¥°¢¨• ¢•¨Ø∑ ß©∂•≥ ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °∂•≤°ß• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥≥ °Æ§ £¨•°≤¨π ≥®Ø∑≥ ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ £ØÆ≥µ≠ ©Æß +7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥Ø¥°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∑®©£® >+5 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ °≤• §©≤•£¥¨π ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ 4®• ®©ß® ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• °∂•≤°ß• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £Ø≥¥ ®©ß®¨©ß®¥≥ ¥®• ¨°£´ Ø¶ ° ¨Ø£°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¢°≥• ¶Ø≤ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ /Æ ¥®• Ø¥®•≤ ®°Æ§ ¥®• ®©ß® £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ≥Øµ≤£•§ ¨Ø£°¨¨π £°Æ ¢• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ®©ß® £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¨Ø∑ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øß©£°¨ ¨•∂•¨≥ °Æ§ ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß

4°¢¨• < $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ !∂•≤°ß• 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ #Ø≥¥≥ /= 1. :

3Øµ≤£•9 !¨§°¢° 0)$3 %)**+(

))) #µ≤≤•Æ¥ 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ °Æ§ °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ≤•¨°¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

4®• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π µÆ§•≤ ∞°≥¥ °§≠ ©Æ©≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ®°≥ ¢••Æ ¶°£©¨©¥°¥•§ ¥®≤Øµß® ° £Ø≠ ¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• •∏•£µ¥©∂• ©≥≥µ°Æ£•≥ °Æ§ ° Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ %&4!≥( ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∑ ©¥® Ø¥®•≤ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers + ≠ Ø≥¥¨π ¶≤Ø≠ !3%!. )Æ§••§ ¥®• Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ §©§ ÆØ¥ ≥©≠ ∞¨π ¥°´• ° ¢°£´ ≥•°¥ °≥ ¶°≤ °≥ Ø∞•Æ©Æß µ∞ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥Ø ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ )¥ ®°§ ° ß≤©∞ ØÆ ¥®• ≥¥••≤©Æß ∑®••¨

/¶ °¨¨ ¥®• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ °§≠ ©Æ©≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©¥ ∑°≥ §µ≤©Æß ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ!≥ ¥•≤≠ ¥®°¥ ¶µ¨¨≥£°¨• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑°≥ ∞µ≥®•§ ¥®≤Øµß® )Æ ¶°£¥ !≤≤ØπØ ≥©ßÆ•§ + °µ¥Ø©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•¨°¥•§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤≥ %%/≥( ¢•¥∑••Æ )**) °Æ§ )** "µ¥ ¥®•≥• °£¥≥ ØÆ¨π §•¶©Æ•§ ¥®• ¥≤°§• ≤Øµ¥•≥ Ø¶ £•≤¥°©Æ £°≤ ∞°≤¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• !3%!. ≤•ß©ØÆ %3•• °∞∞•Æ§©∏ ¶Ø≤ ° ¨©≥¥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≤•¨°¥•§ %/≥ ¶≤Ø≠ 66D ¥Ø )**( &Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£• !≤≤ØπØ!≥ %/ +D ≠ •≤•¨π £ØÆ¥°©Æ•§ ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥!≥ °∞∞≤Ø∂°¨ Ø¶ ¥®• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £•≤¥°©Æ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥°,≥ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° ≠ Ø§•¨

&©ßµ≤• - .µ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•¨°¥•§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤≥ ∞•≤ π•°≤ /: 1

3Øµ≤£• Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ §°¥°9 %∏•£µ¥©∂• ©≥≥µ°Æ£•≥ °≥ ∞µ¢¨©≥®•§ ©Æ ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥,≥ /¶¶©£©°¨ '°∫•¥¥• ∑∑∑ßØ∂∞®

3©∏ %/≥ ≤•¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤!≥ ¥≤°§• Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ Ø¢™•£¥©∂•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ °≥ ßµ°≤°Æ¥••§ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !3%!. )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ #ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ %!)#/( ≥£®•≠ • ∑®©¨• ¶©∂• %/≥ ≤•¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø (ØÆ§° - Ø¥Ø≤ #Ø!≥ 4®• ≤•≥¥ Ø¶ ¥®• %/≥ ≤•¶•≤≤•§ ¥Ø $•Æ≥Ø - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© .©≥≥°Æ °Æ§ )≥µ∫µ

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 6

&©ßµ≤• 2 %∏•£µ¥©∂• Ø≤§•≤≥ ∞•≤ *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !)#/ ≥£®•≠ •

)Æ )**) !≤≤ØπØ ≥©ßÆ•§ %/ 75 ¥®• - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ %- 6$0( ∑®©£® •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ∞®°≥•§ Øµ¥ ¨Ø£°¨ £ØÆ¥•Æ¥ ≤•±µ©≤•≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ £°≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ °¶¶©≤≠ •§ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥! £Ø≠ ≠ ©¥≠ •Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• 7 Ø≤¨§ 4≤°§• /≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ %7 4/( !Æ§ ∑©¥® ¥®°¥ %/ ° ¶¨ØØ§ Ø¶ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ #+$≥ °Æ§ #"5≥ ¶≤Ø≠ Æ•©ß®¢Øµ≤©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ *°∞°Æ ≥∑°≠ ∞•§ ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

4®• £ØµÆ¥≤π °¨≥Ø •Æ¥•≤•§ ©Æ¥Ø ° Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ &4!≥ ¥®°¥ ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫•§ ©¥≥ ¥≤°§• ∑©¥® Ø¥®•≤ !≥©°Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ !≠ ØÆß ¥®•≥• &4!≥ ∑•≤• ¥®• !3%!.+Ø≤•° &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ !3%!.#®©Æ° &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ °Æ§ ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤Ø∂•≤≥©°¨ *°∞°Æ0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ 0°≤¥Æ•≤≥®©∞ !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ %*0%0!()

$°π≥ ¢•¶Ø≤• 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ "•Æ©ßÆØ @.ØπÆØπA !±µ©ÆØ ¥ØØ´ Ø¶¶©£• !≤≤ØπØ ≥©ßÆ•§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ ++D %%/ ++D( ¥®• Æ•∑ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ 4®• Ø≤§•≤ ∑°≥ ∂•≤π ≥©≠ ©¨°≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ ∂•≤≥©ØÆ Ø¶ - 6$0 •∏£•∞¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂©≥©ØÆ ØÆ ¥®• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ° £ØµÆ£©¨ ∑®©£® ∑Øµ¨§ Ø∂•≤≥•• ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ¥≤°§• °Æ§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )* ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

4®•≥• Æµ≠ •≤Øµ≥ •∏•£µ¥©∂• Ø≤§•≤≥ °Æ§ ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ¶°£©¨©¥°¥•§ ¥®• ¢µ©¨§©Æß Ø¶ ° £Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°≤π Æ•¥∑Ø≤´ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ °≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ •°≤¨©•≤ ©Æ &©ßµ≤• ) °Æ§ ≥•≤∂•§ ¥Ø ¶°£©¨©¥°¥• ¥®• •Æ¥≤π Ø¶ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ £°∞©¥°¨ °Æ§ ≥•¥µ∞ Ø¶ £Ø≥¥£Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ °¥ ¥®• %°≥¥ !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ

)6 !Æ°¨π∫©Æß ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ £ØÆ¥•∏¥

3°≠ ∞¨©Æß °Æ§ ¶≤°≠ •∑Ø≤´ Ø¶ °Æ°¨π≥©≥

! ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø¶ )> !≥©°Æ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§HØ≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∂•®©£¨•≥ %∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ ¥≤µ£´≥ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ •¥£( ∑•≤• ∞µ≤∞Ø≥•¨π £®Ø≥•Æ °≥ ≥°≠ ∞¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ Øµ≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °Æ§ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ 3©Æ£• ¥®• ¶Ø£µ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥µ§π ©≥ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ Ø¶ !≥©°Æ 4.#≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ !≠ •≤©£°Æ °Æ§ %µ≤Ø∞•°Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ∑•≤• ÆØ¥ ©Æ£¨µ§•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨©Æß 7 ®©¨• ¥®• )> £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ Ø∞•≤°¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¥®•©≤ ≥°¨•≥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥ °≤ØµÆ§ +* ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• °Æ§ £°≤ ∞°≤¥≥ ≥°¨•≥

4®• !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ∑•≤• £®Ø≥•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §©≤•£¥Ø≤π Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ :ØÆ• !µ¥®Ø≤©¥π %0%:!( °Æ °ß•Æ£π °¥¥°£®•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π §•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥8 ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• #®°≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ )Æ£ %#!- 0)( ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≥¥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π8 °Æ§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• §©≤•£¥Ø≤π Ø¶ ¥®• - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• 0°≤¥≥ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥! !≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %- 60- !0(

3°≠ ∞¨•≥ ∑•≤• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑ ©Æß9 ( ¢π £ØµÆ¥≤π Ø¶ Ø≤©ß©Æ8 )( ¢π ∞¨°Æ¥ ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ8 :( ¢π ≥µ¢©Æ§µ≥¥≤π8 °Æ§ >( ¢π ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )

"π £ØµÆ¥≤π Ø¶ Ø≤©ß©Æ

&©ßµ≤• 4 !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¢π £ØµÆ¥≤π Ø¶ Ø≤©ß©Æ

3Øµ≤£• Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ §°¥°9 0%:! #!- 0) °Æ§ - 60- !0

*°∞°Æ•≥• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£©Æß ∂°≤©Øµ≥ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £°≤≥ §Ø≠ ©Æ°¥• ¥®• ¨©≥¥ £Ø≠ ∞≤©≥©Æß 75 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ %5> Øµ¥ Ø¶ )>( Ø¶ ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ≤°Æ´•§ ≥•£ØÆ§ °¥ :5)6 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ∑®©¨• ™Ø©Æ¥ ∂•Æ¥µ≤•≥ Ø¶ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °Æ§ *°∞°Æ•≥• ¶©≤≠ ≥ ≠ °§• µ∞ 757 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ #®©Æ•≥• °µ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ J ≤•¨°¥©∂•¨π Æ•∑ ∞¨°π•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π J £°≠ • ©Æ ° £¨Ø≥• ¶Øµ≤¥® °¥ > ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ∑©¥® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ ¥Ø ≠ ©Æ© ∂°Æ≥ ¢µ≥•≥ °Æ§ ¥≤µ£´≥ 4®• ≤•≥¥ °≤• ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¢°≥•§ ©Æ 3Øµ¥® +Ø≤•° (ØÆß +ØÆß 4®°©¨°Æ§ °Æ§ 3©Æß°∞Ø≤•

7 ®©¨• *°∞°Æ•≥• ¶©≤≠ ≥ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥Ø ¥Ø∞ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ µ¥©¨©¥π ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∑©¥® ¢≤°Æ§≥ ¨©´• 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ (ØÆ§° #®©Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≤• £µ¨¥©∂°¥©Æß ¥®•©≤ Æ©£®• ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¢π ¶Ø£µ≥©Æß ØÆ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢µ≥•≥ ≠ ©Æ©∂°Æ≥ °Æ§ ¥≤µ£´≥ !Æ •∏°≠ ∞¨• ©≥ &Ø¥ØÆ - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑®©£® ®°≥ ≥Ø¨§ ®µÆ§≤•§≥ Ø¶ ∞©£´µ∞ ¥≤µ£´≥ ¥Ø ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ °ß•Æ£©•≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ µÆ©¥≥

"π ∞¨°Æ¥@Ø¶¶©£• ¨Ø£°¥©ØÆ

3°∂• ¶Ø≤ ¥∑Ø £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¢°≥•§ ©Æ #•¢µ: °¨¨ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ¶©≤≠ ≥ °≤•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )) £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ≠ °™Ø≤ ©≥¨°Æ§ Ø¶ ,µ∫ØÆ ∑©¥® DD £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¢°≥•§ ©Æ ≥Øµ¥®•≤Æ ,µ∫ØÆ ≠ °©Æ¨π ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø∂©Æ£•≥ Ø¶ ,°ßµÆ° °Æ§ #°∂©¥• /¥®•≤ ,µ∫ØÆ¢°≥•§ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ £°Æ ¢• ¶ØµÆ§ ©Æ ¥®• .°¥©ØÆ°¨ #°∞©¥°¨ 2•ß©ØÆ %> £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥( °Æ§ ©Æ £•Æ¥≤°¨ ,µ∫ØÆ %7 £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥(

! ¥Ø¥°¨ Ø¶ 5> °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ¶©≤≠ ≥ °≤• ¨Ø£°¥•§ ©Æ ≥∞•£©°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ∫ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ ∞°≤´≥ 4®©≥ £ØÆ£•Æ¥≤°¥©ØÆ £°Æ ¢• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥!≥ ∞Ø¨©£π ¥Ø ∞≤Ø∂©§• ©Æ£•Æ¥©∂•≥ ¥Ø Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ≥∞•£©°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ∫ØÆ•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ ∞°≤´≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• 3∞•£©°¨ %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ :ØÆ• !£¥ Ø¶ 66> !≠ ØÆß ¥®• ®Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ¶©≥£°¨ ©Æ£•Æ¥©∂•≥ ©≥ ** ∞•≤£•Æ¥ •∏•≠ ∞¥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ©Æ£Ø≠ • ¥°∏

)¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ÆØ¥•§ ¥®°¥ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ ¥®• ¢©ßß•≥¥ °µ¥Ø ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ®°≥ ©¥≥ Ø∑Æ :6>>≥±µ°≤•≠ •¥•≤ ≥∞•£©°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ∫ØÆ• %( ©Æ ,°ßµÆ° §•≥©ßÆ°¥•§ ¢π ¥®• Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• £®©•¶ •∏•£µ¥©∂•!≥ 0≤Ø£¨°≠ °¥©ØÆ .Ø 7)7>

- "π ≥µ¢ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

&©ßµ≤• 7 !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¢π ≥µ¢ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

3Øµ≤£• Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ §°¥°9 0%:! #!- 0) °Æ§ - 60- !0

%©ß®¥π≥©∏ ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ °≤• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ≠ Ø≥¥¨π Ø∑ Æ•§ ¢π *°∞°Æ•≥• °Æ§ &©¨©∞©ÆØ≥ 4®• ≤•≥¥ °≤• £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ °≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤§©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ ∑®©£® °≤• §Ø≠ ©Æ°¥•§ ¢π *°∞°Æ•≥• ¶©≤≠ ≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers ):

2 "π ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨•

)Æ §•≥£≤©¢©Æß ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨• Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¥®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥ ∑•≤• µ≥•§ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¥©•≤ £¨°≥≥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ≥7 ¢π ¥®• !≥©°Æ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ "°Æ´ %!$"( ∑©¥® ¥®• °§§©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤§©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤ £°¥•ßØ≤©•≥9

2°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ J ¶©≤≥¥ ¥©•≤ %°¨µ≠ ©Æ©µ≠ ≥®••¥≥ ≥¥••¨ ¢°≤≥ •¥£( 3¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•≤ J ≥•£ØÆ§ ¥©•≤ %¥©≤•≥ •¨•£¥≤©£°¨ µÆ©¥≥ °Æ¥©¨Ø£´ ¢≤°´• ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥( #Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©°¨©≥¥ J ¥®©≤§ ¥©•≤ %≥¥°≠ ∞©Æß ≠ Ø¨§©Æß ©Æ™•£¥©ØÆ( )Æ¥•ß≤°¥Ø≤ J ¶Øµ≤¥® ¥©•≤ %§ØØ≤≥ £®°≥≥©≥ £°≤ ≥•°¥≥ °©≤£ØÆ µÆ©¥≥ °µ§©Ø ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥( !≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤ %¥≤µ£´ °Æ§ ∂°Æ ¢Ø§©•≥( $©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤ %¨©≠ ©¥•§ ¥Ø §•°¨•≤≥®©∞( !≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤H§©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤ %£Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ∑ ©¥® °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥≥ °Æ§ ¨Ø£°¨ §•°¨•≤≥®©∞(

&©ßµ≤• : !µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¢π ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ≤Ø¨•

Assembler/Distributor

Distributor

Assembler

Integrator

Component specialist

Standardizer

Raw material supplier

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

3Øµ≤£• Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ §°¥°9 0%:! #!- 0) °Æ§ - 60- !0

&Øµ≤¥••Æ !≥©°Æ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¥®°¥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨• °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥• ≠ Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¥≤µ£´≥ °Æ§ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ °≤• ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•≥ 3µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø∞ ¥®©≥ ≥µ¢©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≥µ£® °≥ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ (ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ )≥µ∫µ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4®•≤• °≤• °¨≥Ø £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¥®°¥ ØÆ¨π §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥• #"5≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ Øµ¥≥©§• ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π Æ°≠ •¨π 3Øµ¥® +Ø≤•°Æ ¶©≤≠ (πµÆ§°© !≥©° 2•≥Øµ≤£•≥ )Æ£ °Æ§ #®©Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ +°≠ ° 4≤µ£´≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )>

3©∏ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶Øµ≤¥••Æ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤§©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£• ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ ¢≤°Æ§≥ ≥µ£® °≥ (ØÆ§° 9°≠ °®° 3µ∫µ´© °Æ§ +°∑°≥°´© ! #®©Æ•≥• ¶©≤≠ 3©Æ≥´© - Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ )Æ£ ™Ø©Æ≥ *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≥µ¢£°¥•ßØ≤π °≥ ©¥ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥•≥ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ °Æ§ ¥≤©£π£¨•≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ©Æ #®©Æ° 4®• ∞≤•≥•Æ£• Ø¶ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• °Æ§ ¥≤©£π£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤§©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π £°ÆÆØ¥ ¢• ©ßÆØ≤•§ °≥ ≠ Ø≤• &©¨©∞©ÆØ≥ ≥®©¶¥ ¥Ø £®•°∞•≤ ≠ Ø§•≥ Ø¶ ¥≤°∂•¨¨©Æß $°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• $•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ 4≤°§• °Æ§ )Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•∂•°¨≥ ¥®°¥ °ßß≤•ß°¥• ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• ≥°¨•≥ £¨©≠ ¢•§ ¥Ø 5:5D6) µÆ©¥≥ ©Æ )**6 ¶≤Ø≠ )***** ©Æ )***5

&©¨©∞©ÆØØ∑Æ•§ #•Æ¥≤Ø - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß #Ø≤∞ ≥¥°Æ§≥ °≥ ¥®• ¨ØÆ• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤ °≠ ØÆß ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ ¶©≤≠ ≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨©Æß ¥≤µ£´ °Æ§ ∂°Æ ¢Ø§©•≥ ¶Ø≤ - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© °Æ§ )≥µ∫µ ∑®©£® ∑©¨¨ ©Æ ¥µ≤Æ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥• ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥• ¥®• ¶©Æ©≥®•§ µÆ©¥

#Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©°¨©≥¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥Ø≤≥ £Ø≠ ∞≤©≥• ¥®• ≠ °™Ø≤©¥π Ø¶ °¨¨ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ °Æ§ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ≤°Æß©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≥¥°≠ ∞©Æß °Æ§ ≠ Ø¨§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ ¥≤°Æ≥≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ≥ £°≤ ≥•°¥≥ £°≤ ≥•°¥ ≤•£¨©Æ©Æß °§™µ≥¥•≤≥ ≠ µ¶¶¨•≤≥ ¢≤°´• §©≥£≥ ∑°¥•≤ ∞µ≠ ∞≥ £°≤∞•¥≥ ≠ Ø¨§•§ ≤µ¢¢•≤ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ÆØÆ£Ø≤• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥

4∑•Æ¥π ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°≠ ∞¨•§ ¶©≤≠ ≥ ≠ •°Æ∑®©¨• °≤• ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•≤≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£©Æß ¥©≤•≥ ¢≤°´• ≥π≥¥•≠ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ •¨•£¥≤©£°¨ ∞°≤¥≥ - Ø≥¥ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®©≥ £°¥•ßØ≤π ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• ∑©≤©Æß ®°≤Æ•≥≥•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¢Ø¥® §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥®• )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ 7 ©≤©Æß 3π≥¥•≠ ≥ #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ©Æ #•Æ¥≤°¨ ,µ∫ØÆ

- Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥°Æ§°≤§©∫•≤≥ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©°¨©≥¥≥ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π £°≤≤π Øµ¥ ¨Ø∑ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ °µ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ %≥µ£® °≥ ≥¥°≠ ∞©Æß °Æ§ ≠ °Æµ°¨ ∞°©Æ¥©Æß( ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£• ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ £Ø≠ ∞¨©≠ •Æ¥°≤π °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ /%- ≥, ∞¨°Æ¥≥ Øµ¥≥©§• ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ !≥ !¨§°¢° ∞µ¥≥ ©¥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ @° ¨°≤ß• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥©Æß ≠ Ø≥¥¨π Ø¶ ≥≠ °¨¨ °Æ§ ≠ •§©µ≠ ≥©∫•§ •Æ¥•≤∞≤©≥•≥ ¥®°¥ ®°∂• ¨Ø∑ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ¨•∂•¨≥ °Æ§ °≤• ¶°£•§ ∑©¥® ° ¨°£´ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ¨Ø∑ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©∂©¥π °Æ§ ° ¨°£´ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤ ≥´©¨¨≥

!¨§°¢° °¨≥Ø ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ Øµ¥ ¥®°¥ ≠ Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ @Ø∞•≤°¥• °≥ ≠ Ø≠ °Æ§∞Ø∞ ≥¥π¨• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ∑ ©¥® ∂°≤π©Æß £°∞°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ≥Ø≠ • ≤•°¨ ±µ°¨©¥π ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ≥A ¶°©¨©Æß ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞ §µ• ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ £°∞©¥°¨ °Æ§ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ¥®°¥ °≤•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )7 Æ•£•≥≥°≤π ¥Ø ©≠ ∞≤Ø∂• ¥®•©≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥

4®•≥• ¶©≤≠ ≥ ®°≤§¨π ≠ °´• ©¥ ¥Ø ¥®• •∏∞Ø≤¥ ≥£•Æ• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ≥ ∞Ø©Æ¥•§ Øµ¥ %∏£•∞¥©ØÆ ©≥ ≠ °™Ø≤ ∞¨°π•≤≥ ≥µ£® °≥ !≥©°Æ 4≤°Æ≥≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ #Ø≤∞ (ØÆ§° 0°≤¥≥ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß #Ø≤∞ 4ØπØ¥° !µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ )Æ£ &4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß )Æ£ °Æ§ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ 7 ©≤©Æß 3π≥¥•≠ ≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ °¨¨ Ø¶ ∑®©£® °≤• *°∞°Æ•≥•Ø∑Æ•§ ¶©≤≠ ≥

/Æ¨π ¥∑Ø °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ 2•ß°¨ - •¥°¨£≤°¶¥ #Ø≤∞ °Æ§ 3¥••¨ #Ø≤∞ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£• ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ 3¥••¨ #Ø≤∞ ≤•≠ °©Æ≥ •Æ¥°Æß¨•§ ©Æ ° ¥µ≥≥¨• ∑©¥® "°Æ£Ø §• /≤Ø ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ,≥ ≠ °™Ø≤ £≤•§©¥Ø≤ ∑®©£® ©≥ Ø∑Æ•§ ¢π ¥π£ØØÆ (•Æ≤π 3π °Æ§ ∑®Ø ≤•∞Ø≤¥•§¨π ∑°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥°´• Ø∂•≤ ¥®• ≥¥••¨ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ¥®≤Øµß® ° §•¢¥•±µ©¥π ≥∑°∞

7 ©¥® •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ÆØ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨π ¢°≥• ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤•¨©•≥ ®•°∂©¨π ØÆ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø¥®•≤ !≥©°Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ≥µ£® °≥ 4®°©¨°Æ§ - °¨°π≥©° )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ *°∞°Æ (©ß® ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ≥©Æ£• ¥®•≤• °≤• °¨≥Ø ÆØ °§∂°Æ£•§ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥≥ £°∞°¢¨• Ø¶ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß •Æß©Æ•≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ £Ø≤• ∞°≤¥≥

- °∞∞©Æß ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠

4Ø •¶¶•£¥©∂•¨π ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥• ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ °Æ§ ©¥≥ ¨©Æ´≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ¥≤°§• ° ¶≤°≠ •∑Ø≤´ ¶Ø≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ∑°≥ ¥°´•Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ° µÆ©¥ ≤•∞Ø≤¥D Ø¶ - ©¥≥µ© L #Ø ,¥§ ° ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¥≤°§©Æß ∞°≤¥Æ•≤ ∑©¥® ÆØ¥°¢¨• ¨©Æ´≥ ¥Ø ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠ °´•≤≥ °≥ ßµ©§•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )5 &©ßµ≤• < &≤°≠ •∑Ø≤´ ¶Ø≤ ≠ °∞∞©Æß ¥®• °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ

UPSTREAM MIDSTREAM DOWNSTREAM

Raw materials Distribution Dealership

OEM Retail Financing

Assembly

4®• µ∞≥¥≤•°≠ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞®°≥• ©Æ£¨µ§•≥ ¥®• ≥Øµ≤£©Æß Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ £Ø≠ ∞¨©≠ •Æ¥°≤π °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ ¥®• ¥°≤ß•¥ ∂•®©£¨• 4®• ≠ ©§≥¥≤•°≠ ∞®°≥• ≤•¶•≤≥ ¥Ø ¥®• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶©Æ©≥®•§ µÆ©¥ %∑®•¥®•≤ ¶Ø≤ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °≤´•¥ Ø≤ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥( °Æ§ ¥®• §Ø∑Æ≥¥≤•°≠ ∞®°≥• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ §•°¨•≤≥®©∞ ≤•¥°©¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©Æß %•∏¥•Æ§©Æß £°≤ ¨Ø°Æ≥ •¥£( °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≥¥≤°¥•ß©•≥ ¥Ø ¢≤©§ß• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ¥®• ¥°≤ß•¥ ≠ °≤´•¥

)Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø °Æ°¨π∫• ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π °Æ§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £®°©Æ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ (ØÆ§° ∑•≤• ≠ °∞∞•§ )Æ¥•≤∂©•∑≥ ∑©¥® ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¥∑Ø £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °¨ØÆß≥©§• §•≥´ ≤•≥•°≤£® ∑•≤• £°≤≤©•§ Øµ¥ ¥Ø °≤≤©∂• °¥ °Æ Ø∂•≤°¨¨ ∞©£¥µ≤• Ø¶ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )D 4°¢¨• - °∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ )ÆÆØ∂° °Æ§ 6©Ø≥ / 1

Model UPSTREAM MIDSTREAM DOWNSTREAM RETAIL FINANCING: Wiring harness: International Wiring ASSEMBLY: DISTRIBUTION: DEALERSHIP: Metrobank, Toyota Systems (C. Luzon) Toyota Motor Philippines (S. Luzon) Philippines Philippines Financial Services Phils. car audio system: Fujitsu Ten Corp. Engine: Japan Innova (S. Luzon) Bracket, exhaust pipe, tube Car seats: Toyota Boshoku Sub-assembly: Toyota Indonesia /a (S. Luzon) T

O automotive clock:

Y Other OEMs: Toyota Malaysia /b Jeco Autoparts Phils, Inc. (Manila) O

T RETAIL FINANCING:

A Wiring harness: International Wiring ASSEMBLY: DISTRIBUTION: DEALERSHIP: Metrobank, Toyota Systems (C. Luzon) Toyota Motor Philippines (S. Luzon) Philippines Philippines Financial Services Phils. car audio system: Fujitsu Ten Corp. Engine: Japan Vios (S. Luzon) Car seats: Toyota Boshoku Other OEMs: Malaysia (S. Luzon) automotive clock: Jeco Autoparts Phils, Inc. (Manila) H° %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 5DD ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ ©Æ )**D H¢ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ >D6 ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ ©Æ )**7

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )+ 4°¢¨• - °∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ #©∂©£. #©¥π °Æ§ !££Ø≤§ / 1

Model UPSTREAM MIDSTREAM DOWNSTREAM car loan for OFWs: Wiring harness: International Wiring ASSEMBLY: DISTRIBUTION: DEALERSHIP: Honda CAREmittance Systems (C. Luzon) Honda Cars Philippines (S. Luzon) Philippines Philippines via RCBC, BPI pedal and suspension: Engine: Japan F-Tech Phils. (S. Luzon) Civic Wheel assembly: Indonesia /c Front, rear bumper: Thailand /c Lever assembly, damper assembly: Thailand /d H shaft assembly: Malaysia O

N car loan for OFWs: Wiring harness: International Wiring ASSEMBLY: DISTRIBUTION: DEALERSHIP: D Honda CAREmittance

A Systems (C. Luzon) Honda Cars Philippines (S. Luzon) Philippines Philippines via RCBC, BPI City pedal and suspension: Engine: Japan F-Tech Phils. (S. Luzon) Other OEMs: Indonesia, Malaysia car loan for OFWs: Wiring harness: International Wiring ASSEMBLY: DISTRIBUTION: DEALERSHIP: Honda CAREmittance Systems (C. Luzon) Honda Cars Philippines (S. Luzon) Philippines Philippines via RCBC, BPI Accord pedal and suspension: Engine: Japan F-Tech Phils. (S. Luzon) Cylinder: Indonesia Other OEMs: Malaysia H£ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 6) ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ ©Æ )**7 H§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 6) ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ≥©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ ©Æ )**)

! Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ≥©≠ ©¨°≤©¥©•≥ £°Æ ¢• ≥∞Ø¥¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ £®°©Æ≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ (ØÆ§° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ ( "Ø¥® £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ≥Øµ≤£• ¥®• •Æß©Æ•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¨Ø£°¨ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¶≤Ø≠ *°∞°Æ °Æ§ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≤• °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©° )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ )( .ØÆ£Ø≤• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ∞•§°¨≥ °Æ§ £°≤ ≥•°¥≥ °≤• ≥Øµ≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¨Ø£°¥•§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ≥∞•£©°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ∫ØÆ• °≥ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥ :( !¨¨ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °≤• §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ≥Ø¨•¨π ¥Ø ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °≤´•¥8 ¥®•≤• °≤• ÆØ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ µÆ©¥≥ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥ >( ¥®• ¥∑Ø ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ ®°∂• ≥•¥ ©Æ ∞¨°£• ≠ •£®°Æ©≥≠ ≥ ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ¢π •∏¥•Æ§©Æß ¨Ø°Æ≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ¶Ø≤≠ ≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ °≥≥©≥¥°Æ£• ¥Ø ¥°≤ß•¥ ¢µπ•≤≥

)≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ ¥®• (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£• °£¥µ°¨¨π ®°∂• ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ £Ø≠ ∞¨©≠ •Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥ ≥Øµ≤£•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %ÆØ¥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ©Æ ¥®• ≠ °∞∞©Æß( 4®©≥ °µ¥Ø ¥≤°§• ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ °≥ °ß≤••§ ¢π ¥®• £ØÆ¥≤°£¥©Æß ∞°≤¥©•≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !3%!. )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ #ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ %!)#/( ≥£®•≠ • •≥≥•Æ¥©°¨¨π ¨©≠ ©¥≥ ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °´•≤≥ ¥Ø ≠ •≤•¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £Ø≠ ∞¨©≠ •Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ £°≤ ∞°≤¥≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers )6

1µ©¥• ∞≤•§©£¥°¢¨π &©¨©∞©ÆØ ¶Øµ≤¥®¥©•≤ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≤• ≥©Æß¨•§ Øµ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©Æ°¨ ∞®°≥• Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ (ØÆ§° ≠ Ø§•¨≥ 3©≠ ©¨°≤ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ *°∞°Æ•≥• °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥ %¨©´• &4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥( ∑©¥® ° ®©ß®•≤ ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ¥®°Æ ¥®•≥• 3- %≥ °≤• ¥®• ØÆ•≥ •Æß°ß•§ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©Æ°¨ ∞®°≥• ∞≤•≥µ≠ °¢¨π ©Æ ´••∞©Æß ∑ ©¥® £•≤¥°©Æ ∂•®©£¨• ≥¥°Æ§°≤§≥

3©Æ£• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©≥ ¨©≠ ©¥•§ §µ• ¥Ø ∞ØØ≤ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ §•≠ °Æ§ ¶Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨•≥ ¨Ø£°¨ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨•≥≥ £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• ©Æ ¥®• ≠ °≤´•¥ §µ• ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ®©ß®•≤ £Ø≥¥ 4®©≥ ©≥ °≥©§• ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ¶°£¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ £°≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ®°∂• ¥Ø £ØÆ¥•Æ§ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≠ °≥≥©∂• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®•°∞•≤ £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥•¨π ¢µ©¨¥ µÆ©¥≥ %#"5≥( Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ¢≤°Æ§≥ #µ≤≤•Æ¥¨π ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ #"5≥ Øµ¥∞°£• ¥®• ≥°¨•≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥

&©ßµ≤• 6©≥µ°¨©∫©Æß ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø ¥≤°§•

)Æ )**) ¥Ø ¶°£©¨©¥°¥• ≥°¨•≥ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¥®• ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥•≤∂©£• µÆ©¥ Ø¶ *°∞°Æ,≥ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ° ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤π ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4ØπØ¥° &©Æ°Æ£©°¨ 3•≤∂©£•≥ 0®©¨≥ %4&30( !≥ ¶Ø≤ (ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ©¥ ¨°µÆ£®•§ ° £°≤ ¨Ø°Æ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ (ØÆ§° #!2%≠ ©¥¥°Æ£• ¥Ø ¶©Æ°Æ£• £°≤ ∞µ≤£®°≥•≥ ¢π /∂•≤≥•°≥ &©¨©∞©ÆØ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥ %/&7 ≥(

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :* !≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ©Æ ¥®• ≠ °∞∞©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ ©¥ ¢•£Ø≠ •≥ £¨•°≤ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¨©•≥ Øµ¥≥©§• ¥®• ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ ©Æ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ °£¥©Æß °≥ ° ≠ •≤• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•≤ Ø¶ #+$≥ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø¥®•≤ !≥©°Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¨©´• *°∞°Æ °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ¥®°¥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• µ≥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≥ ≥Ø¨•¨π ¶Ø≤ ¨Ø£°¨ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥©ØÆ 4®©≥ ®©ß®¨π §©≥°§∂°Æ¥°ß•§ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¢•¨¥ £°Æ ¢• °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ¨°£´ Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π %≥µ£® °≥ ° Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥¥••¨ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π( °Æ§ ¥Ø ¥®• ∂•≤π ¨Ø∑ ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øß©£°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ )Æ °§§©¥©ØÆ §•£¨©Æ©Æß ¨©∂©Æß £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ §Ø ÆØ¥ ≠ °´• ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ° ∂©°¢¨• •∏∞Ø≤¥ §•≥¥©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥

)≤ØÆ©£°¨¨π ¥®• Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ µÆ§•≤ ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨©∫•§ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ©≥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ µÆ§•≤≠ ©Æ©Æß ¥®• ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¢π °¶¶©≤≠ ©Æß ¨Ø∞≥©§•§ ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ 'Ø∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π •∏•£µ¥©∂• Ø≤§•≤≥ ©≥≥µ•§ ¢π ¥®• ∞≤•≥©§•Æ¥ ∞•≤≠ ©¥≥ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≥∞•£©¶©£ °µ¥Ø∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≥•¨•£¥ !≥©°Æ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ °≥ °Æ Ø¶¶©£©°¨ ¥≤°§• ∞Ø¨©£π ©Æ £Ø≠ ∞¨©°Æ£• ∑©¥® ¥®• !)#/ ≥£®•≠ •

4®• ≤°¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• *°∞°Æ0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ 0°≤¥Æ•≤≥®©∞ !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ %*0%0!( ©Æ )**+ •¨©≠ ©Æ°¥•§ ¥°≤©¶¶≥ ØÆ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ •¶¶•£¥©∂• *°Æµ°≤π )** °Æ§ ∞°∂•§ ¥®• ∑°π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ £®•°∞•≤ #"5≥ °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ≠ Ø≤• £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• ¥®°¥ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ ØÆ•≥ ,Ø£°¨ £°≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ ∞°≤¥ ≠ °´•≤≥ ®°∂• °¨≤•°§π ≥ØµÆ§•§ ¥®• °¨°≤≠ ¢π §•≠ °Æ§©Æß ¥®• §•¶•≤≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ *0%0!!≥ ¥°≤©¶¶•¨©≠ ©Æ°¥©ØÆ ≥£®•≠ • µÆ¥©¨ )*:

6 !Æ°¨π∫©Æß ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

)Æ ¥Ø§°π!≥ °ß• Ø¶ ≠ ØÆØ∞Ø¨π¶©Æ°Æ£• £°∞©¥°¨+ ∑®•≤•©Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ¢•°≤ •ÆØ≤≠ Øµ≥ £ØÆ≥•±µ•Æ£•≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ π %°≥ §•≠ ØÆ≥¥≤°¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥( ©¥ ∑Øµ¨§ ¢• ≤•≠ ©≥≥ ¥Ø °Æ°¨π∫• ¥®• ≥¥°¥• Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑ ©¥®Øµ¥ µÆ§•≤≥¥°Æ§©Æß ©¥≥ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ °Æ§ ¥Ø ¥®• ∞≤•∂°©¨©Æß ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ

)Æ ¥®©≥ ≥•£¥©ØÆ ¥®• ≤•≥•°≤£® ≥¥µ§π ∑ ©¨¨ ≥••´ ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥® °Æ Ø∂•≤∂©•∑ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π ©Æ !≥©° °Æ§ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¢•¶Ø≤• ∞≤Ø£••§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• §©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©Æ°Æ£• £°∞©¥°¨!≥ ≠ Ø∂•≠ •Æ¥ °¨ØÆß ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ≥µ∞∞¨π £®°©Æ °Æ§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≠ °≤´•¥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers : ò 4≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥

)Æ§••§ ≠ •°≥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ ¥≤°£´©Æß £≤Ø≥≥¢Ø≤§•≤ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• ®©ß®¨π ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫•§ ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ π ©≥ ° ∂•≤π §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ •Æ§•°∂Øµ≤ 7 ®°¥ ©≥ £¨•°≤ ©≥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ∂Ø¨µ≠ • Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ £©≤£µ¨°¥©Æß ©Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ π ®°≥ ≥µ≤ß•§ §≤°≠ °¥©£°¨¨π Ø∂•≤ ¥®• π•°≤≥ §•≥∞©¥• ° Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥•≥

)Æ ° ')> §©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ ∞°∞•≤ #0 #®°Æ§≤°≥•´®°≤ ≥¥°¥•§ ¥®°¥ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• %°≥¥ !≥©°Æ £≤©≥©≥ %≠ ©§66D( ¥®• ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ °≥≥•¥ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¢°Æ´≥ ≤•≥©§•Æ¥ ©Æ ): £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ≤•∞Ø≤¥©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• "°Æ´ Ø¶ )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ 3•¥¥¨•≠ •Æ¥ %")3( ≥¥ØØ§ °¥ N667 ¥≤©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ∂Ø¨∂©Æß N+5 ¥≤©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ °≥≥•¥≥ °¶¥•≤ °§™µ≥¥©Æß ¶Ø≤ ¨Ø£°¨ °≥≥•¥≥ @"π *µÆ• )**D ∑®•Æ >* £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ∑•≤• ≤•∞Ø≤¥©Æß ¥®©≥ ®°§ ≤©≥•Æ ¥Ø N::D ¥≤©¨¨©ØÆA6

!∞°≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ #®°Æ§≤°≥•´®°≤ ≥°©§ ÆØÆ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶©≤≠ ≥ J ∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ¶µÆ§≥ ©Æ≥µ≤°Æ£• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °Æ§ ≠ µ¥µ°¨ ¶µÆ§≥ J ®°∂• •≠ •≤ß•§ °≥ @©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ©Æ¥•≤≠ •§©°≤©•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ≥°∂•≤≥ °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤≥A ∑ ©¥® ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ °≥≥•¥≥ Ø¶ ©Æ≥¥©¥µ¥©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤≥ ≥¥°Æ§©Æß °¥ N>5 ¥≤©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**7)*

)Æ §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ Æ•¥ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©Æß ¶¨Ø∑≥ ®°∂• ≤©≥•Æ ≥®°≤∞¨π ¥Ø ND:7 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**) ≥©Æ£• 66D &Ø≤•©ßÆ §©≤•£¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ %&$)( °Æ§ ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ N7:+ ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**) ¥Ø N>>5D ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**5 ∑®©¨• Æ•¥ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¢Ø≤≤Ø∑©Æß ≤Ø≥• ¶≤Ø≠ N*6 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )** ¥Ø N)6>7 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**5)

!≥ ≤•ß°≤§≥ &$) ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨©∫•§ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ °≤• ¥®• ≠ °©Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ %°≥¥ !≥©° (Ø∑•∂•≤ *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °∞∞•°≤ ¥Ø ¢• ¥®• ¨°≤ß•≥¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤ ß≤Øµ∞ ©Æ ≠ ©§§¨•©Æ£Ø≠ • !3%!. £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ∞°≤¥©£µ¨°≤¨π 4®°©¨°Æ§ °Æ§ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°)) !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø !$" )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• $©≤•£¥Ø≤ ¶Ø≤ 2•≥•°≤£® - °≤©Ø ,°≠ ¢•≤¥• ©Æ¥≤° ¶©≤≠ ¥≤°§• ¢•¥∑••Æ *°∞°Æ•≥• ≠ µ¨¥©Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨≥, °¶¶©¨©°¥•≥ ©Æ %°≥¥ !≥©° °££ØµÆ¥•§ ¶Ø≤ 76 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®•©≤ ¥Ø¥°¨ ¥≤°§• ∑ ©¥®©Æ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ): %- ©∏©Æß ¥≤°§• Æµ≠ ¢•≤≥ °Æ§ &$) Æµ≠ ¢•≤≥O((• °§§•§ ¥®°¥ ≠ °Æπ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ !≥©°!≥ Æ•∑¨π ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨©∫•§ •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ @°≤• ≥•¥¥©Æß µ∞ ≥©≠ ©¨°≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Æ•¥∑Ø≤´≥ ©Æ ¥®• 02# °Æ§ !3%!. £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¥®•≤•¢π £ØÆ¥≤©¢µ¥©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• ß≤Ø∑©Æß ©Æ¥≤°≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥A

)¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ÆØ¥•§ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®°¥ ©Æ ≠ °Æπ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£•≥ &$) §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ Æ•£•≥≥°≤©¨π ≤•≥µ¨¥ ©Æ ° Æ•¥ ≠ Ø∂•≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ °≥ ©¥ ©≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£•§ ©Æ ¥®• ®Ø≥¥ £ØµÆ¥≤π ! £°≥• ©Æ ∞Ø©Æ¥ ©≥ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ ∑®©£® ®°§ ° ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ∞Ø≤¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ©¥≥ £°∞©¥°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :) ©Æ 6++ ¶©Æ°Æ£•§ ¢π - •¥≤Ø∞Ø¨©¥°Æ "°Æ´ °Æ§ 4≤µ≥¥ #Ø ° ¨Ø£°¨ ¢°Æ´ 4®©≥ ∞≤•∂°©¨©Æß ¥≤•Æ§ ∞°≤¥¨π •∏∞¨°©Æ≥ ∑®π ¥®•≤• ©≥ ∂•≤π ¨©¥¥¨• £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ≤©£® ¥Ø ∞ØØ≤ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥)>

)Æ¥•≤•≥¥©Æß¨π ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ©Æ§©£°¥• ¥®°¥ ¥®•≤• ©≥ ° ¢¨µ≤≤©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• ¨©Æ• ¢•¥∑••Æ &$) °Æ§ ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ¶¨Ø∑≥ Ø≤ ®Ø¥ ≠ ØÆ•π ¶¨Ø∑≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤•¨°∏°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≤•ßµ¨°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø≥ ©Æ ≤•£•Æ¥ π•°≤≥ ¥®• §≤°≠ °¥©£ ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ °£±µ©≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ≠ Ø¥©∂°¥•§ ¢π @∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥A ®°≥ ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑•§)7 !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø #®°Æ§≤°≥•´®°≤ ¥®•≥• °£±µ©≥©¥©ØÆ≥ %∑®•¥®•≤ ¥®≤Øµß® ≥¥Ø£´≥ Ø≤ •±µ©¥©•≥( ®°∂• ÆØ¥ ¢••Æ @Æ•£•≥≥°≤©¨π §≤©∂•Æ ¢π ¨ØÆß ≤µÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ £ØÆ≥©§•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ¢µ¥ ¢π ¥®• §•≥©≤• ¥Ø ß°≤Æ•≤ ¨°≤ß•≤ ≤•¥µ≤Æ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ £°∞©¥°¨ ß°©Æ≥A

4®• ≤•£•Æ¥ ≥µ≤ß• ©Æ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø §•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ®°≥ °¨≥Ø ©≠ ∞¨©•§ ¥®• °££µ≠ µ¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°≤ß•≤ ≥∞•£µ¨°¥©∂• ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ≥ ¢π ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤≥ - Ø≤ß°Æ 3¥°Æ¨•π •≥¥©≠ °¥•≥ °¢Øµ¥ ND** ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ ≥∞•£µ¨°¥©∂• ≠ ØÆ•π ©≥ ∞°≤´•§ ©Æ !≥©° P ¥®≤•• ¥©≠ •≥ ¥®• °≠ ØµÆ¥ ¥®°¥ ¨•¶¥ ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥ ©Æ 66D °Æ§ ¶°≤ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ !≥©°,≥ N)** ¢©¨¨©ØÆ °ÆÆµ°¨ ¥≤°§• ≥µ≤∞¨µ≥

!≥ %°≥¥ !≥©°Æ •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫•§ ¥®•©≤ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥ ¥®•π °¨≥Ø ¢•£°≠ • ∞°≤¥ Ø¶ ° ß≤Ø∑ ©Æß ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ ,°≠ ¢•≤¥• ∞Ø©Æ¥•§ Øµ¥ ¶Øµ≤ °≤•°≥ µÆ§•≤ ∑®©£® ©Æ©¥©°¥©∂•≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ £ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ £°Æ ¢• ß≤Øµ∞•§9 ( ∞Ø¨©£π §©°¨Øßµ• °Æ§ ≥µ≤∂•©¨¨°Æ£• %°≥ ≥®Ø∑Æ ©Æ ¥®• ≥•¥ µ∞ Ø¶ !3%!. 3µ≤∂•©¨¨°Æ£• 0≤Ø£•≥≥(8 )( ¨©±µ©§©¥π ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¶°£©¨©¥π %≥®Ø∑ Æ ©Æ ¥®• ¨°µÆ£® Ø¶ ¥®• #®©°Æß - °© )Æ©¥©°¥©∂• ©Æ )***(8 :( ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ ≥¥≤•Æß¥®•Æ©Æß %°≥ ≠ °Æ©¶•≥¥•§ ©Æ !3%!.!≥ (°ÆØ© 0¨°Æ Ø¶ !£¥©ØÆ(8 °Æ§ ¥®• >( !≥©°Æ ¢ØÆ§ ≠ °≤´•¥ %≠ °≤´•§ ¢π ¥®• ¨°µÆ£®©Æß Ø¶ ¥®• !≥©°Æ "ØÆ§ &µÆ§ ©Æ )**:(

ò &©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥

$•≥∞©¥• ¥®• ≥µ≤ß• ©Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ©Æ ¥®• !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ Æ•¥ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶•¨¨ ≥®°≤∞¨π ¢•¥∑••Æ 66+ °Æ§ )**D ©• ¥®• ∞•≤©Ø§ °¶¥•≤ ¥®• %°≥¥ !≥©°Æ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥ °Æ§ ¢•¶Ø≤• ¥®• )**+ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤©≥©≥)5 !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 3¥µ§©•≥ %0)$3( ¥®• ØÆ¨π •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ≥ ∑•≤• ©Æ 666 ∑®•Æ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ° ¶°©≤¨π ¨°≤ß• °≠ ØµÆ¥ Ø¶ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ §•¢¥ ≥•£µ≤©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ©Æ )**7 ∑®•Æ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ° ≥µ≤ß• ©Æ ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥)D

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :: "°≥•§ ØÆ §°¥° ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• $•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ 4≤°§• °Æ§ )Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥Ø¥°¨ °∞∞≤Ø∂•§ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ §©≤•£¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ∞¨µÆß•§ ¥Ø 0+*:D ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )*** ¶≤Ø≠ 0)5)7 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ 66D9)+

4°¢¨• 4Ø¥°¨ !∞∞≤Ø∂•§ &Ø≤•©ßÆ $©≤•£¥ )Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ¢π 0≤Ø≠ Ø¥©ØÆ !ß•Æ£©•≥ 7 /©Æ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ∞•≥Ø≥1

"π ¥®• •Æ§ Ø¶ )**: ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ®°§ ØÆ¨π 53N: ¢©¨¨©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ •±µ©¥π ®Ø¨§©Æß≥ Ø¶ ≠ °™Ø≤ •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ ©Æ %°≥¥ !≥©° ∑Ø≤¥® 53N+67D ¢©¨¨©ØÆ

4°¢¨• &Ø≤•©ßÆ •±µ©¥π ®Ø¨§©Æß≥ ©Æ %°≥¥ !≥©°. %Æ§ - /©Æ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ §Ø¨¨°≤≥1

#ØÆ¥≤°≤π ¥Ø ¥®• £¨°©≠ ≥ ≠ °§• ¢π ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ¥®°¥ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑•≤• ÆØ¥ °¶¶•£¥•§ ¢π ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £≤•§©¥ £≤µÆ£® ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ °££ØµÆ¥≥ °¨ØÆ• ≤•∂•°¨•§ Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• %.Ø¥∑ ©¥®≥¥°Æ§©Æß ¥®• ≠ °≥≥ ≤•¥≤•Æ£®≠ •Æ¥≥( ∑®©£® ∞¨°ßµ•§ &©¨©∞©ÆØ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¶≤Ø≠ )**+ ¥Ø )***6 %∏¥•≤Æ°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• ≥°≠ • £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ∑®©£® ∑•≤• ≥•∂•≤•¨π ®©¥ ¢π ¥®• £≤©≥©≥ ∞≤•§©£¥°¢¨π §≤Ø∞∞•§ ∑Ø≤≥•Æ©Æß ¥®• Ø∂•≤°¨¨ §Ø∑Æ¥≤•Æ§ ©Æ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ≥©Æ£• 66+ &Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£• Æ•¥ §©≤•£¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ §≤Ø∞∞•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :> ¥Ø 53N55 ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ±µ°≤¥•≤ Ø¶ )** ¶≤Ø≠ 53N7 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ∞•≤©Ø§ ©Æ )**D - •°Æ∑®©¨• ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ∑®©£® °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¶¨©ß®¥π ∞¨µÆß•§ ¥Ø ° Æ•¥ Øµ¥¶¨Ø∑ Ø¶ 53N7>) ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ±µ°≤¥•≤ Ø¶ )**

&©ßµ≤• .•¥ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑ ≥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ / : . 11. ©Æ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ 53 §Ø¨¨°≤≥

3Øµ≤£• Ø¶ ¢°≥©£ §°¥°9 3∞•£©°¨ $°¥° $©≥≥•≠ ©Æ°¥©ØÆ 3¥°Æ§°≤§≥ Ø¶ ¥®• "°Æß´Ø 3•Æ¥≤°¨ Æß 0©¨©∞©Æ°≥ %"30( ∑∑∑¢≥∞ßØ∂∞®

ò 3∞°≤≥• ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

$•≥∞©¥• ¥®• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π,≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥•£¥Ø≤ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ¶¨Ø∑©Æß ≥∞°≤≥•¨π ¥Ø ≠ °™Ø≤ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ≥•£¥Ø≤≥ )Æ )**5 ¶Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£• ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ÆØ Æ•∑ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ °ß≤©£µ¨¥µ≤• °Æ§ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß •∂•Æ °≥ 53N)7++ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ &$) %≠ Ø≥¥¨π ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 53( ¶¨Ø∑•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ¢µ≥©Æ•≥≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ Øµ¥≥Øµ≤£©Æß %"0/( ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≤Øµß®¨π D* ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ¥Ø¥°¨ &$) ©Æ ¥®°¥ π•°≤ /¥®•≤ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ∑•Æ¥ ¥Ø ≥Ø¶¥∑°≤• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ )4 ≥•≤∂©£•≥ °££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ° "30 ≤•∞Ø≤¥

)Æ ¥®• £°≥• Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®•≤• ∑•≤• ÆØ Æ•∑ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ )** ¥Ø )** •∂•Æ ¥®Øµß® ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥!≥ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ %- 6$0( ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ): ©Æ )**) ¥Ø >D ©Æ )**6)6 4®©≥ ¥≤•Æ§ ©≥ £ØÆ≥©≥¥•Æ¥ ∑ ©¥® ¥®• ß•Æ•≤°¨ §•£¨©Æ• ©Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 6D> ¥Ø 66> %&©ßµ≤• *( &≤Ø≠ N+>: ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ 6D> ¥Ø¥°¨ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ¥Ø £°≤ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß §≤Ø∞∞•§ ¥Ø ØÆ¨π N)5 ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ 6++ ¥®•Æ ≥¨©ß®¥¨π ©Æ£®©Æß µ∞ ¥Ø N+

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :7 ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ 66>

&©ßµ≤• &Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• £°≤ ≠ °≤´•¥. :2 2 /©Æ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ §Ø¨¨°≤≥1

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :5

4°¢¨• - )Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π

No. of New of Investments (in Year MVP participants Billion pesos) 2002 3 0.29 2003 1 0.12 2004 1 0.15 2005 2 3.41 2006 3 2.65 2007 8 4.29 2008 3 5.95 2009 /a 2 0.19

TOTAL 23 17.06

H° ∞°≤¥©°¨

)¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ÆØ¥•§ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ ¥®°¥ Æ•∑ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• - 6$0 ∑•≤• ≠ Ø≥¥¨π ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥Ø≤≥ ∑®Ø≥• £°∞©¥°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®°Æ °µ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ 5Æ§•≤ ¥®• - 6$0 53N) ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©≥ ¥®• ≠ ©Æ©≠ µ≠ ≤•±µ©≤•§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ≠ Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ £Ø≠ ∞°≤•§ ¥Ø 53N+ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ °Æ§ 53N* ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ °Æ§ ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≤≥ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂•¨π

! ¨ØØ´ °¥ ®Ø∑ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶°≤•≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠ ≥ Ø¶ £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ £Ø≠ ∞°≤©≥ØÆ ∑©¥® Ø¥®•≤ !3%!. £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ∑ ©¨¨ ∞°≤¥¨π •∏∞¨°©Æ ∑®π ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¥®°¥ °¥¥≤°£¥©∂• ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥Ø≤≥ $Ø≠ •≥¥©£ £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ≥¥ØØ§ °¥ :)>>> µÆ©¥≥ ©Æ )**6 ° ¶°≤ £≤π ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§!≥ ::>>) °Æ§ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°!≥ :7)D) µÆ©¥≥ •∂•Æ °≥ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ £≤©≥©≥ ®©¥ ¥®•©≤ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ 4®©≥ ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ¨Ø£°¨ £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ≥µ≤∞≤©≥©Æß £ØÆ≥©§•≤©Æß ¥®°¥ >7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞Ø∞µ¨°¥©ØÆ ¨©∂•≥ ØÆ 53N) ° §°π ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ ¥®°¥ §•∞≤•≥≥ ∑°ß•≥ ©Æ Ø≤§•≤ ¥Ø °¥¥≤°£¥ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥:*

)¥ ≤•≠ °©Æ≥ ¥Ø ¢• ≥¥µ§©•§ ∑®•¥®•≤ °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ≠ •Æ¥©ØÆ•§ ©Æ 4°¢¨• : ∑°≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£•§ •∏¥•≤Æ°¨¨π Ø≤ ¥®≤Øµß® ¨Ø£°¨ ¢°Æ´≥ $•¥•≤≠ ©Æ©Æß ¥®©≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ £°Æ ¢• ° §©¶¶©£µ¨¥ •∏•≤£©≥• ≥©Æ£• ≥Ø≠ • ¨Ø£°¨ ¢°Æ´≥ °≤• ¥®•≠ ≥•¨∂•≥ §©≤•£¥ ≥®°≤•®Ø¨§•≤≥ Ø¶ ©Æ£ØµÆ¥≤π ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø 4.#≥

ò "°Æ´≥ °≥ ≥¥Ø£´®Ø¨§•≤≥ ©Æ °µ¥Ø ¶©≤≠ ≥

)Æ§••§ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ %4- 0#( ©≥ ¥®• ØÆ¨π 4ØπØ¥° ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤π ©Æ ¥®•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :D ∑Ø≤¨§ ¥®°¥ ©≥ @¨Ø£°¨¨π£ØÆ¥≤Ø¨¨•§A: 7 ®•Æ 4- 0# ∑°≥ •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ©Æ 6++ 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ©¥≥ £°∞©¥°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ∑°≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£•§ ¢π - •¥≤Ø∞Ø¨©¥°Æ "°Æ´ °Æ§ 4≤µ≥¥ #Ø≤∞ %- •¥≤Ø¢°Æ´( ° ¨•°§©Æß £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ¢°Æ´ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑®©¨• :> ∞•≤£•Æ¥ £°≠ • ¶≤Ø≠ ©¥≥ ∞°≤•Æ¥ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ #Ø≤∞ 4®• ≤•≠ °©Æ©Æß 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ∑°≥ ¶©Æ°Æ£•§ ¢π *°∞°Æ¢°≥•§ - ©¥≥µ© #Ø≤∞

- •¥≤Ø¢°Æ´ ®°≥ ° µÆ©∂•≤≥°¨ ¢°Æ´©Æß ¨©£•Æ≥• ∑ ©¥® ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ •±µ©¥π Ø∑Æ•≤≥®©∞≥ ©Æ≥©§• °Æ§ Øµ¥≥©§• Ø¶ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π )¥ ©≥ °¨≥Ø ° ≠ °™Ø≤ ∞¨°π•≤ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• 3¥Ø£´ %∏£®°Æß•

! £¨Ø≥•≤ ¨ØØ´ ØÆ 4- 0#!≥ ≤•£•Æ¥ ¢≤•°´§Ø∑ Æ Ø¶ ≥®°≤•≥ %°≥ Ø¶ )**( ∑ ©¨¨ ≥®Ø∑ ¥®°¥ - •¥≤Ø¢°Æ´ Ø∞¥•§ ¥Ø §©∂©§• ©¥≥ 7∞•≤£•Æ¥ ≥®°≤• ¢•¥∑••Æ ©¥≥•¨¶ %:* ∞•≤£•Æ¥( °Æ§ 4©¥°Æ 2•≥Øµ≤£•≥ #Ø≤∞ %) ∞•≤£•Æ¥( ° &©¨©∞©ÆØ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ∑®©£® ®°≥ ¥®• ≥°≠ • °§§≤•≥≥ °≥ ¥®°¥ Ø¶ - •¥≤Ø¢°Æ´ ¢µ¥ ∑®©£® ©≥ ÆØ¥ Ø∑ Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• ¨°¥¥•≤ 3©≠ ©¨°≤¨π - ©¥≥µ© ≤•¥°©Æ•§ ©¥≥ 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¢π §©∂©§©Æß ©¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ©¥≥•¨¶ %5 ∞•≤£•Æ¥( °Æ§ &©¨©∞©ÆØ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ - °∏©≠ µ≥ - °Æ°ß•≠ •Æ¥ (Ø¨§©Æß≥ %6 ∞•≤£•Æ¥( ∑®©£® ©≥ ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø - ©¥≥µ© *°∞°Æ /¢∂©Øµ≥¨π ≥µ£® ¢≤•°´§Ø∑Æ Ø¶ ≥®°≤•≥ ©≥ ØÆ¨π ≠ •°Æ¥ ¥Ø ≠ °´• ©¥ °∞∞•°≤ ¥®°¥ 4- 0# ©≥ ≠ °™Ø≤©¥π Ø∑Æ•§ ¢π &©¨©∞©ÆØ

!ÆØ¥®•≤ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ ¢°Æ´ 2©∫°¨ #Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ "°Æ´©Æß #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ %2#"#( ©≥ •Æ¥≤•Æ£®•§ ©Æ °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ¥∑Ø ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π 2#"# Ø∑Æ≥ )+D ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °Æ§ 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ )≥µ∫µ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °≥ Ø¶ )** ¶©¨©Æß ¥Ø ¥®• 3•£µ≤©¥©•≥ °Æ§ %∏£®°Æß• #Ø≠ ≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ

7 ©¥® ¢°Æ´≥ £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨¨©Æß ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ ≥®°≤•≥ Ø¶ ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø 4.#≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π °≥≥•≥≥©Æß ¥®• Æ°¥µ≤• Ø¶ °§§©¥©ØÆ°¨ Ø≤ Æ•∑ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ¢π ∞°≤•Æ¥ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¥Ø ¥®•©≤ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¢•£Ø≠ •≥ ≠ Ø≤• £Ø≠ ∞¨•∏

ò '≤•°≥©Æß £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ¥®≤Øµß® ¨Ø°Æ≥

!≥©§• ¶≤Ø≠ £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨¨©Æß ≥¥Ø£´≥ ©Æ ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ¨Ø£°¨ ¢°Æ´≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø °£¥©∂• ©Æ ßØ°§©Æß £°≤ ≥°¨•≥ ¥®≤Øµß® °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥ "°≥•§ ØÆ £•Æ¥≤°¨ ¢°Æ´ §°¥° °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥ §©≥∞Ø≥•§ ¢π µÆ©∂•≤≥°¨ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ °Æ§ ¥®≤©¶¥ ¢°Æ´≥ ß≤•∑ ¢π :+)6 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 05+>> ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**5 ¥Ø 06>57 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :+ 4°¢¨• 2 !µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥. 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• ¢°Æ´≥. 7 /©Æ ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ∞•≥Ø≥1

7 76:+ 5++ 5>5*: 5+>> : D*6> D7*+ D+D6 ++*> < D57+ D6*+> DDD D+5+ +D7) +5)) 6*5)D 6>5>5 66D66 *7D6D >>6 Æ° 3Øµ≤£•9 "°Æß´Ø 3•Æ¥≤°¨ Æß 0©¨©∞©Æ°≥ ∑∑ ∑¢≥∞ßØ∂∞®

4®• ≥®°≤• Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¢°Æ´©Æß ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π,≥ ¥Ø¥°¨ ¨Ø°Æ ∞Ø≤¥¶Ø¨©Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ : ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ©Æ )**6 ¥Ø > ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ©Æ )** - •°Æ∑®©¨• ¥®• £Ø≠ ¢©Æ•§ °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥ Ø¶ µÆ©∂•≤≥°¨ £Ø≠ ≠ •≤£©°¨ °Æ§ ¥®≤©¶¥ ¢°Æ´≥ ®°∂• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≥©Æ£• )**5 ≥°∂• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 577 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ §≤Ø∞ ©Æ )**+ &≤Ø≠ *°Æµ°≤π ¥Ø 3•∞¥•≠ ¢•≤ ©Æ )** ¥Ø¥°¨ ≠ ØÆ•π ¨•Æ¥ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥µ≠ •≤≥ ≥••´©Æß ¥Ø ¢µπ £°≤≥ ¥Ø¥°¨¨•§ 0> ¢©¨¨©ØÆ Ø≤ D+ ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ ¥®• £Ø≠ ¢©Æ•§ °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •Æ¥©≤• π•°≤ Ø¶ )**6 4®• £•Æ¥≤°¨ ¢°Æ´ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥®©≥ ß≤Ø∑¥® ©Æ £°≤ ¨Ø°Æ≥ ¥Ø ¥®• °ßß≤•≥≥©∂• ≠ °≤´•¥©Æß ≥¥≤°¥•ßπ Ø¶ ¢°Æ´≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ £°≤ ¶©Æ°Æ£©Æß ¶©≤≠ ≥

&Ø£µ≥©Æß ØÆ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥

4Ø Ø¢¥°©Æ ° £¨Ø≥•≤ ∞©£¥µ≤• Ø¶ ®Ø∑ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø∂•≥ °¨ØÆß °Æ§ ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• ¶©≤≠ ≥ ¥®• ≤•≥•°≤£®•≤≥ °Æ°¨π∫•§ ¥®• ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥¥°¥•≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ %4- 0#( ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ π•°≤ •Æ§©Æß ©Æ )**6 /¢∂©Øµ≥¨π ° £ØÆ£¨µ≥©∂• °Æ°¨π≥©≥ ØÆ ≠ °™Ø≤ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø∂•≠ •Æ¥≥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ °Æ§ Øµ¥∑°≤§≥ 4- 0# °Æ§ ¥®• §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤≠ ≥ °Æ§ ≠ Ø§•≥ Ø¶ ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ¶•°≥©¢¨• ∑©¥® ØÆ¨π ¥®• &3 °≥ µÆ©¥ Ø¶ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ !¥ ¥®• ∂•≤π ¨•°≥¥ ¥®• •∏•≤£©≥• ∑ ©¨¨ ≥®•§ ¨©ß®¥ ØÆ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ∞≤©Ø≤©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ≥Ø≠ • ÆØ¥°¢¨• £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¢°¨°Æ£• ≥®••¥ ©Æ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ £≤©≥©≥

!≠ ØÆß ¥®• ´•π ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ ∑•≤• •∏°≠ ©Æ•§ ∑•≤•9 ( °≥≥•¥≥ )( ¨©°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ •±µ©¥π :( £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≥°¨•≥ °Æ§ >( ≤•∂•Æµ•≥ °Æ§ Æ•¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ •

!≥≥•¥≥

#Ø≠ ∞°≤©Æß ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ °Æ§ ÆØÆ£µ≤≤•Æ¥ °≥≥•¥≥ ©¥ £°Æ ¢• ß¨•°Æ•§ ¥®°¥ 4- 0# ¶Ø£µ≥•≥ ≠ Ø≤• ØÆ ¥®• ≥®Ø≤¥¥•≤≠ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ %∑®©£® ™µ≠ ∞•§ ¶≤Ø≠ 0)6) ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**+ ¥Ø

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers :6 05*D) ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6( 4®•≥• ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ≤•¶•≤ ¥Ø °≥≥•¥≥ ¥®°¥ £°Æ ¢• ≤•°§©¨π ¨©±µ©§°¥•§ ∑®•Æ•∂•≤ ¥®• Æ••§ ≤•°¨ Ø≤ ©≠ °ß©Æ•§ °≤©≥•≥ 0≤•≥µ≠ °¢¨π ¥®• ¶Ø£µ≥ ØÆ §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ∑©¥® ≠ °¥µ≤©¥©•≥ Ø¶ ¥®≤•• ¥Ø ) ≠ ØÆ¥®≥ ∑°≥ ° ≠ Ø∂• ¥Ø ∞µ¥ ° ¶≤°£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ °≥≥•¥≥ ©Æ ° ¨©±µ©§ ∞Ø≥©¥©ØÆ °≠ ©§ ¥®• ¥µ≤¢µ¨•Æ¥ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ ≥π≥¥•≠ °¥ ¥®°¥ ¥©≠ •

4®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ≥°∂©Æß≥ °Æ§ ¥©≠ • §•∞Ø≥©¥≥ ß≤•∑ ¢π 5* ∞•≤£•Æ¥ %¶≤Ø≠ 0)> ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ¥Ø 056) ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6( ≤•≥µ¨¥©Æß ©Æ 0)*6:+ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ ©Æ¥•≤•≥¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ • ©Æ )**6

)¥ ≥®Øµ¨§ °¨≥Ø ¢• ÆØ¥•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ° ®µß• ™µ≠ ∞ ©Æ ¥®• ©Æ∂•Æ¥Ø≤©•≥ ≥µ¢©¥•≠ ≠ Ø≥¥ •≥∞•£©°¨¨π ©Æ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ ©Æ ¥≤°Æ≥©¥ %∑®©£® ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ¢π >:D7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥( 4®©≥ £°Æ ¢• °≥≥µ≠ •§ °≥ ∞°≤¥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° *°∞°Æ!≥ ∞¨°Æ ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©¥≥ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤π!≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ≠ °Æµ°¨ ¥≤°Æ≥≠ ©≥≥©ØÆ≥ π•°≤ØÆπ•°≤ ≥¥°≤¥©Æß )**D:) 4®©≥ £Øµ¨§ °¨≥Ø ¢• ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ¢µ©¨§µ∞ ¥Ø ¥®• ≤•≠ Ø∂°¨ Ø¶ °¨¨ ¥°≤©¶¶≥ ØÆ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥≥ Ø¶ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥ °Æ§ #+$≥ ©Æ )** °≥ ≥¥©∞µ¨°¥•§ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• *°∞°Æ0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ 0°≤¥Æ•≤≥®©∞ !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ %*0%0!(

) ,©°¢©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ •±µ©¥©•≥

4- 0#!≥ ¨©°¢©¨©¥©•≥ ≥´π≤Ø£´•¥•§ ¥Ø 0 +>)+*)>):5 ©Æ )**6 ¶≤Ø≠ 0 56)6D+7> ©Æ ¥®• ∞≤•∂©Øµ≥ π•°≤ )Æ ¥•≤≠ ≥ Ø¶ •±µ©¥π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ °∞∞≤Ø∞≤©°¥•§ ≤•¥°©Æ•§ •°≤Æ©Æß≥ %∑®©£® ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• 7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞°≤•Æ¥ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ Æ•¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ • ¶Ø≤ ¥®• π•°≤( §©§ ÆØ¥ £®°Æß• °¥ °¨¨ ¶≤Ø≠ )**+ ¥Ø )**6 §•≥∞©¥• Ø¢∂©Øµ≥ £®°Æß•≥ ©Æ ¥®• Æ•¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ • Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° *°∞°Æ §µ≤©Æß ¥®• ≥°≠ • ∞•≤©Ø§ )¥≥ µÆ°∞∞≤Ø∞≤©°¥•§ ≤•¥°©Æ•§ •°≤Æ©Æß≥ ≠ •°Æ∑®©¨• ≥¨©§ §Ø∑ Æ

: #Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≥°¨•≥

!∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ £Ø≥¥£µ¥¥©Æß ≠ •°≥µ≤•≥ °¥ ¥®• ®•©ß®¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ £≤©≥©≥ ∑•≤• ≤•¶¨•£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≥°¨•≥ ∑®©£® £Ø∂•≤≥ ∑°ß•≥ °Æ§ ¢•Æ•¶©¥≥ Ø¶ ≤°Æ´°Æ§¶©¨• •≠ ∞¨Øπ••≥ ≤•∞°©≤≥ °Æ§ ≠ °©Æ¥•Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ ≥¥Ø£´π°≤§ °Æ§ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≥¥≥

&Ø≤ ©Æ≥¥°Æ£• ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ §©≤•£¥ ¨°¢Øµ≤ %∑°ß•≥ Ø¶ ≤°Æ´°Æ§¶©¨• •≠ ∞¨Øπ••≥( ∑°≥ ≥¨°≥®•§ ¢π )> ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 0:7D+ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ¥Ø 0*:5+ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ 3¥Ø£´π°≤§ °Æ§ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≥¥≥ %∑®©£® ©≥ ≥µ≤∞≤©≥©Æß¨π ¶°≤ ¢•¨Ø∑ §©≤•£¥ ¨°¢Øµ≤( ¶•¨¨ ¢π 7: ∞•≤£•Æ¥ 4®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ≤•∞°©≤≥ °Æ§ ≠ °©Æ¥•Æ°Æ£• °¨≥Ø §•£≤•°≥•§ ¢π :: ∞•≤£•Æ¥ )¥ £°Æ ¢•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >* °≥≥µ≠ •§ ¥®°¥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥ §•£≤•°≥•≥ ©Æ ≠ °©Æ¥•Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≥¥≥ ∑•≤• §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´§°π≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ≥©∏ ≠ ØÆ¥®≥ Ø¶ )**6

> 2•∂•Æµ•≥ °Æ§ Æ•¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ •

4- 0#!≥ Æ•¥ ©Æ£Ø≠ • ≥¨©§ ¥Ø ØÆ¨π 05 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6 ¶≤Ø≠ 0)+6 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**+ 4®• ≥©∫°¢¨• §≤Ø∞ ∑°≥ ≠ °©Æ¨π §µ• ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥••∞ §•£¨©Æ• ©Æ ß≤Ø≥≥ ∞≤Ø¶©¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ∑®©£® §•£≤•°≥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ 07D ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ¥Ø 0>+56 ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ )¥ £°Æ ¢• ©Æ¶•≤≤•§ ¥®°¥ 4- 0#!≥ ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ≠ Ø§•¨≥ °≤• ¢•©Æß Øµ¥§ØÆ• ¢π ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ #"5≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ¢≤°Æ§ ¥®°¥ °≤• ß•Æ•≤°¨¨π £®•°∞•≤ ¥®µ≥ ¥®• ®©ß®•≤ ∞≤Ø¶©¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥≤°§©Æß ¥®°Æ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ 2•∂•Æµ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥≤°§©Æß °Æ§ ≥•≤∂©£•≥ ≤•°£®•§ 0:))) ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6 ¶≤Ø≠ 0:5 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ¶°≤ ®©ß®•≤ ¥®°Æ ≤•∂•Æµ•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ∑®©£® ≥¥ØØ§ °¥ 0>:5 ¢©¨¨©ØÆ ©Æ )**6 3®Øµ¨§ ¥®• ¥≤•Æ§ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ∑Øµ¨§ ∞≤•§©£¥°¢¨π §Ø∑Æ≥©∫• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≤•¥≤•Æ£® °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¨©Æ• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥

6) ,°¢Øµ≤ ©≥≥µ•≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π )Æ≥©§• 4ØπØ¥° °Æ§ & 4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥

4ØπØ¥°

2•ÆØ∑Æ•§ °≥ ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§!≥ ¨°≤ß•≥¥ °µ¥Ø≠ °´•≤ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ #Ø≤∞ ®°≥ ß≤°£•§ ¥®• ∞°ß•≥ Ø¶ ≤•£Ø≤§ ¢ØØ´≥ °¶¥•≤ £Ø≠ ©Æß Øµ¥ ∑©¥® ØÆ• ¢¨Ø£´¢µ≥¥•≤ ≠ Ø§•¨ °¶¥•≤ °ÆØ¥®•≤ 3©Æ£• ¥®• 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° ®©¥ ¥®• ≤Ø°§ ©Æ 655 ©¥ ®°≥ ¢•£Ø≠ • ¥®• ¢•≥¥≥•¨¨©Æß °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨•:: ©Æ ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§ ≤•°£®©Æß ¥®• :7≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ≥°¨•≥ ≠ °≤´ ©Æ )** 4®°¥ ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥≥ )D6 #Ø≤Ø¨¨° ≥°¨•≥ •∂•≤π §°π Ø≤ 6* µÆ©¥≥ •∂•≤π ®Øµ≤ 4ØπØ¥° °¨≥Ø ¨•°§≥ £°≤ ≠ °´•≤≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠ ≥ Ø¶ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥¶≤©•Æ§¨π °µ¥Ø≥ ∑ ©¥® 0≤©µ≥ J ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ °Æ§ ¢•≥¥≥•¨¨©Æß ≠ °≥≥∞≤Ø§µ£•§ ®π¢≤©§ ∂•®©£¨• ∑®©£® ®©¥ ØÆ• ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ≥°¨•≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• ©Æ )**+:>

- µ£® °¥¥•Æ¥©ØÆ ®°≥ °¨≥Ø ¢••Æ ∞°©§ ¥Ø 4ØπØ¥°!≥ 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ 3π≥¥•≠ :7 %403( ∑®©£® ©≥ ≤•ß°≤§•§ °≥ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• &Ø≤§ ≠ °≥≥ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ "•®©Æ§ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ££•≥≥ °Æ§ ∞≤•≥¥©ß• 4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °¥ ®Ø≠ • °Æ§ °¢≤Ø°§ ¥Ø©¨ µÆ§•≤ µÆ™µ≥¥ ∑Ø≤´©Æß £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥

)Æ )**) ° :*π•°≤Ø¨§ ±µ°¨©¥π £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ ©Æ≥∞•£¥Ø≤ ∑®Ø ∑Ø≤´•§ ¶Ø≤ ° 0≤©µ≥ ∞¨°Æ¥ ©Æ *°∞°Æ!≥ 4ØπØ¥° #©¥π §©•§ ¶≤Ø≠ Ø∂•≤∑Ø≤´:5 4®• ∑Ø≤´•≤ ≤Øµ¥©Æ•¨π µÆ§•≤¥ØØ´ >®Øµ≤

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers > ≥®©¶¥≥ §°π Ø¶¥•Æ ≥©∏ §°π≥ ° ∑••´ °≥ §•≠ °Æ§•§ ¢π ®©≥ ∑Ø≤´ ≥£®•§µ¨• 7 Ø≤≥• ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ÆØ Ø∂•≤¥©≠ • ∞°π

#Ø≤∞7 °¥£® ° ÆØÆ∞≤Ø¶©¥ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©∂• ≤•≥•°≤£® ©Æ©¥©°¥©∂• ≥°©§ ¥®°¥ °¨≠ Ø≥¥ ° ¥®©≤§ Ø¶ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¨©Æ• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °¥ 4ØπØ¥° #©¥π °≤• ¥•≠ ∞Ø≤°≤π •≠ ∞¨Øπ••≥ ∑®Ø •°≤Æ °Æ °∂•≤°ß• Ø¶ N): °Æ ®Øµ≤ °¨≠ Ø≥¥ ®°¨¶ Ø¶ ¥®• ∑°ß•≥ Ø¶ ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ •°≤Æ©Æß N)*>6 °Æ ®Øµ≤ ∞¨µ≥ ¢ØÆµ≥•≥ 4®• ß≤Øµ∞ °§§•§ ¥®°¥ 4ØπØ¥°!≥ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ ©Æ *°∞°Æ °¨≥Ø ≠ °´• •∏¥•Æ≥©∂• µ≥• Ø¶ ßµ•≥¥ Ø≤ @¥≤°©Æ••A ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ≠ Ø≥¥¨π ¶≤Ø≠ #®©Æ° °Æ§ 6©•¥Æ°≠ @µÆ§•≤ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ ¥®°¥ ©Æ ≥Ø≠ • ≤•≥∞•£¥≥ ±µ°¨©¶π °≥ ®µ≠ °Æ ¥≤°¶¶©£´©ÆßA

)Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞!≥ %4- 0#( ®°∂• •°≤Æ•§ ÆØ¥ ™µ≥¥ ¥®• £≤©¥©£©≥≠ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥! Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ≥ Æ°¥©ØÆ∑©§• ¢µ¥ °¨≥Ø ∑Ø≤´•≤≥! ß≤Øµ∞≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§•∞•Æ§•Æ¥ ¢Ø§©•≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• ¶Ø≤ ©¥≥ ß≤Ø≥≥ ∂©Ø¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°¢Øµ≤ ≤©ß®¥≥ )Æ ¥®• ∑Ø≤§≥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥! !≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ %4- 07 !( ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ®°≥ ∑°ß•§ ° ∑°≤ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¥®•≠ %ÆØ ±µØ¥°¥©ØÆ ≠ °≤´≥O(

/Æ - °≤£® 5 )** ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ©¨¨•ß°¨¨π §©≥≠ ©≥≥•§ ))D ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ©¥≥ 3¥° 2Ø≥° ,°ßµÆ° ∞¨°Æ¥ °≤ßµ©Æß ¥®°¥ ¥®•π ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø •∏∞¨°©Æ ¥®•©≤ °¢≥•Æ£• ØÆ &•¢≤µ°≤π )) °Æ§ ): "µ¥ ≠ •≠ ¢•≤≥ Ø¶ 4- 0#7 ! ∑®©£® £Ø≠ ∞≤©≥•§ ®°¨¶ Ø¶ ¥®• 6>+≥¥≤ØÆß ∑Ø≤´¶Ø≤£• ≥°©§ ¥®• §©≥≠ ©≥≥°¨ ∑°≥ @≥®••≤ µÆ©ØÆ ¢µ≥¥©Æß µÆ∞°≤°¨¨•¨•§ ©Æ ©¥≥ ≠ °ßÆ©¥µ§• °Æ§ ≥•∂•≤©¥πA:D 4®• µÆ©ØÆ ¨°µÆ£®•§ ° ∑••´¨ØÆß ∞≤Ø¥•≥¥ °£¥©ØÆ ∑®©£® £µ¨≠ ©Æ°¥•§ ©Æ ° ≥¥≤©´• ØÆ - °≤£® )+ 0≤©Ø≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ≠ °≥≥ ≤•¥≤•Æ£®≠ •Æ¥ 4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ∑•≤• °¨≥Ø ∞≤Ø¥•≥¥©Æß ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ≤•¶µ≥°¨ ¥Ø ≤•£ØßÆ©∫• 4- 0#7 ! °Æ§ •Æ¥•≤ ©Æ¥Ø ° £Ø¨¨•£¥©∂• ¢°≤ß°©Æ©Æß °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ %#"!( ∑ ©¥® ¥®• µÆ©ØÆ

!∞°≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ≤•¥≤•Æ£®©Æß ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ :** ØÆ¥®•™Ø¢ ¥≤°©Æ••≥ %/*4( ∑•≤• °§≠ ©¥¥•§ ¢π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ¥Ø ≤•∞¨°£• ¥®• ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©¥ ≤•¥≤•Æ£®•§ 5∞ ¥Ø ÆØ∑ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ £ØÆ¥©Æµ•≥ ¥Ø •≠ ∞¨Øπ /*4≥ °Æ§ ≤Ø¥°¥•≥ ° Æ•∑ ß≤Øµ∞ ©Æ •∂•≤π ≥©∏ ≠ ØÆ¥®≥:+

4®• ¨°¢Øµ≤ ©≥≥µ• ¥µ≤Æ•§ ©Æ¥Ø ° £Øµ≤¥ ¢°¥¥¨• ∑®©£® ≤•°£®•§ ¥®• #Øµ≤¥ Ø¶ !∞∞•°¨≥ °Æ§ ¥®• 3µ∞≤•≠ • #Øµ≤¥ )Æ .Ø∂•≠ ¢•≤ )**D ¥®• ®©ß® £Øµ≤¥ °¶¶©≤≠ •§ ¥®• §©≥≠ ©≥≥°¨ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¢•£°µ≥• ©¥ §••≠ •§ ¥®• ≥¥≤©´• ©¨¨•ß°¨

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >) °¨≤•°§π •∏∞Ø≥•§ ¥®• °Æ¥©∑Ø≤´•≤ ≥£®•≠ •≥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ °´•≤ ¥Ø ¥®• ∑Ø≤¨§

4- 0#7 ! ¨•§ ¢π ©¥≥ ∞≤•≥©§•Æ¥ %§ #µ¢•¨Ø ¶©¨•§ ¥®•©≤ £Ø≠ ∞¨°©Æ¥ %#°≥• .Ø ))7)( ∑©¥® ¥®• )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ,°¢Øµ≤ /≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ %),/( ©Æ &•¢≤µ°≤π )**: )Æ .Ø∂•≠ ¢•≤ ¥®• ),/ ≤•£Ø≠ ≠ •Æ§•§ ¥®• ≤•©Æ≥¥°¥•≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ °¨¨ ))D ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¥®• £Ø≠ ≠ •Æ£•≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø¨¨•£¥©∂• ¢°≤ß°©Æ©Æß °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ )¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥•§ ¥Ø 4- 0#!≥ ≥µ∞∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶≤••§Ø≠ Ø¶ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ °≥ @°Æ ©¨¨µ≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ®Ø∑ ° ≠ µ¨¥©Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ °∞∞°≤•Æ¥¨π ∑©¥® ¨©¥¥¨• ≤•ß°≤§ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢©¨©¥π ®°≥ §ØÆ• •∂•≤π¥®©Æß ©Æ ©¥≥ ∞Ø∑•≤ ¥Ø ∞≤•∂•Æ¥ ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ °Æ§ £•≤¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥ !≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆA

"µ¥ Æ•©¥®•≤ ¥®• Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥ ÆØ≤ 4- 0# ¢µ§ß•§ µ∞ØÆ ≤•£•©∂©Æß ),/!≥ ≤•£Ø≠ ≠ •Æ§°¥©ØÆ 4®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ £ØÆ¥©Æµ•§ ¥Ø §•Æπ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥®•©≤ ™Ø¢≥ °Æ§ ¢°≤ß°©Æ©Æß ≤©ß®¥≥

4®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß π•°≤ 4- 0#7 ! ¶©¨•§ ° £Ø≠ ∞¨°©Æ¥ °ß°©Æ≥¥ 4- 0# °Æ§ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ *°∞°Æ ¶Ø≤ ∂©Ø¨°¥©Æß /%#$!≥ 'µ©§•¨©Æ•≥ ¶Ø≤ - µ¨¥©Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ %Æ¥•≤∞≤©≥•≥ )Æ ¥®• £Øµ≤≥• Ø¶ ¥®• ≥¥≤µßß¨• #µ¢•¨Ø ≠ •¥ ∑©¥® ≤•∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©∂•≥ Ø¶ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥! Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• ∑®©£® ß°∂• ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥ ¥Ø ¥®• £°≠ ∞°©ßÆ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ - •¥°¨∑Ø≤´•≤≥! &•§•≤°¥©ØÆ %)- &(:6

)Æ ©¥≥ •¶¶Ø≤¥ ¥Ø ≥µ≥¥°©Æ ßØØ§ ¢≤°Æ§ ≤•∞µ¥°¥©ØÆ 4- 0# ®°≥ •Æß°ß•§ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ ≥Ø£©Ø£©∂©£ °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ®°≥ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°¥•§ ©Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠ •Æ¥°¨ ∞≤Ø™•£¥≥ ≥µ£® °≥ ¥≤••∞¨°Æ¥©Æß °Æ§ £Ø°≥¥°¨ £¨•°Æµ∞≥ ¥®≤Øµß® ©¥≥ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥• ≥Ø£©°¨ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ °≤≠ %4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ &ØµÆ§°¥©ØÆ )Æ£( 4®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ®°≥ °¨≥Ø Ø¶¶•≤•§ §ØÆ°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø ≥£®ØØ¨≥ °Æ§ µÆ©∂•≤≥©¥©•≥ ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ° 0**≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ §ØÆ°¥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• 5Æ©∂•≤≥©¥π Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ %50( !≥©°Æ #•Æ¥≤• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £ØÆ≥¥≤µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• '44ØπØ¥° !≥©°Æ #•Æ¥≤• !µ§©¥Ø≤©µ≠

!≠ ØÆß ©¥≥ #32 µÆ§•≤¥°´©Æß≥ 4- 0#!≥ 4ØπØ¥° !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• %§µ£°¥©ØÆ 0≤Øß≤°≠ %4!%0(>* ≥¥°Æ§≥ °≥ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• ≠ Ø≥¥ ≥π≥¥•≠ °¥©£ J ÆØ¥ ØÆ¨π ©Æ ≥µ≥¥°©Æ©Æß ßØØ§ 02 ¢µ¥ ©Æ ≤•£≤µ©¥©Æß ¶µ¥µ≤• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ ©¥≥ Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ©Æ ¢ØØ≥¥©Æß ≥°¨•≥ 4!%0!≥ ¥®≤µ≥¥ ©≥ @¥Ø ≥µ≥¥°©Æ ° ∞©∞•¨©Æ• Ø¶ ß¨Ø¢°¨¨π £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• 4ØπØ¥° 4•£®Æ©£©°Æ≥ ¢π ≤•£≤µ©¥©Æß πØµÆß ¥°¨•Æ¥ ¥Ø ¥®• 4ØπØ¥° .•¥∑Ø≤´A

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >:

)Æ ≥•¨•£¥©Æß ∞≤Ø≥∞•£¥©∂• ∞°≤¥Æ•≤ ≥£®ØØ¨≥ ¥®• ≥£®ØØ¨ ≠ µ≥¥ ¢• ¨Ø£°¥•§ Æ•°≤ 4ØπØ¥° §•°¨•≤≥®©∞≥ 4ØπØ¥° 4•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ #•Æ¥≤•≥ ∑ ©¨¨ ¥®•Æ ¢• •≥¥°¢¨©≥®•§ ©Æ £®Ø≥•Æ ∞°≤¥Æ•≤ ≥£®ØØ¨≥ &µ¨¨ ≥£®Ø¨°≤≥®©∞≥ ∑ ©¨¨ ¢• °∑°≤§•§ ¥Ø ¶©∂• ≥¥µ§•Æ¥≥ ∑ ©¥®©Æ ¥®• °≤•° Ø¶ ¥®• §•°¨•≤≥®©∞ 7 ©¥® ¢•¥¥•≤ ≥°¨•≥ ≠ Ø≤• ≥¥µ§•Æ¥≥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥•§ ¢π 4ØπØ¥° ∑©¥®©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨©¥π ¥®µ≥ ¥®• ≥•¥ µ∞ Ø¶ ° @≠ °≤´•¥§≤©∂•Æ ≥£®Ø¨°≤≥®©∞,>

7 ®•Æ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ °Æ§ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ £≤©≥©≥ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨©∫•§ ©Æ )**+ 4- 0 ©≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥•§ £Ø≥¥£µ¥¥©Æß ≠ •°≥µ≤•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ Ø¶ ≤•§µ£©Æß ¥®• Æµ≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´§°π≥ /∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ °¥ ¥®• 3¥° 2Ø≥° ,°ßµÆ° ∞¨°Æ¥ ∑®©£® °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•≥ 6©Ø≥ °Æ§ )ÆÆØ∂° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ≠ °≤´•¥ ∑•≤• ®°¨¥•§ °¥ ¨•°≥¥ ØÆ• §°π ∞•≤ ∑••´ ¥Ø ≥°∂• ØÆ •¨•£¥≤©£©¥π ∑°¥•≤ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≤•≥Øµ≤£•≥ 4®©≥ ≥£®•≠ • ¥ØØ´ •¶¶•£¥ ¶Ø≤ ≥©∏ ≠ ØÆ¥®≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≤•§µ£©Æß ¥®• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Øµ¥∞µ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ

$•≥∞©¥• ¥®• ∑ ©§•≥∞≤•°§ £°≠ ∞°©ßÆ ≠ ØµÆ¥•§ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ©¥≥ µÆ¶°©≤ ¨°¢Øµ≤ ∞≤°£¥©£•≥ 4- 0# π•¥ °ß°©Æ •∏∞Ø≥•§ ©¥≥ ß≤Ø≥≥ °Æ¥©∑Ø≤´•≤ £®°≤°£¥•≤ ∑®•Æ ©¥ ¥•≤≠ ©Æ°¥•§ ¶Øµ≤ µÆ©ØÆ Ø¶¶©£•≤≥ ØÆ £®°≤ß•≥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥°¢Ø¥°ß• ØÆ !µßµ≥¥ ) π•°≤ ° §°π ¢•¶Ø≤• ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ ∑••´¨ØÆß °ÆÆ©∂•≤≥°≤π £•¨•¢≤°¥©ØÆ

!≠ ØÆß ¥®• §©≥≠ ©≥≥•§ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ∑°≥ 7 •Æ•£©¥Ø 5≤ß•¨ 4- 0#7 ! ∂©£• ∞≤•≥©§•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ °¶¶°©≤≥ ∑®Ø ∑Ø≤´•§ °≥ ° £°≤ ∞°©Æ¥•≤ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ¶Ø≤ + π•°≤≥ !££Ø≤§©Æß ¥Ø ®©≠ ¥®•π ∑•≤• §©≥≠ ©≥≥•§ ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®•π ∑•≤• ¥®• ØÆ•≥ °£¥©∂• ©Æ Ø∞∞Ø≥©Æß ¥®• §•≠ Ø¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®•©≤ £Ø∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥≤°£¥µ°¨ ≥¥°¥µ≥

5≤ß•¨ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ µÆ©ØÆ Ø¶¶©£•≤≥ ≥Øµß®¥ ¶Ø≤ ß≤©•∂°Æ£• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ØÆ ¥®• ©≥≥µ• ØÆ - °π )+ ! ∑••´ ¨°¥•≤ Æ©Æ• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ J ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß 5≤ß•¨ J ∑•≤• ®•¨§ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥©¢¨• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥∑Ø≠ ©Æµ¥• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ¥•≤≤µ∞¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∑•≤• ≥°Æ£¥©ØÆ•§ ∑ ©¥® ∞≤•∂•Æ¥©∂• ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ

@7 • ∑•≤• £®°≤ß•§ °≥ ßµ©¨¥π •∂•Æ ¥®Øµß® ¥®•≤• ∑°≥ ÆØ ©Æ∂•≥¥©ß°¥©ØÆ π•¥A ®• ≥°©§ °§§©Æß ¥®°¥ ©¥ ∑°≥ ¥®•©≤ ≥µ∞•≤∂©≥Ø≤ ∑®Ø ©Æ¥•Æ¥©ØÆ°¨¨π ¥µ≤Æ•§ Ø¶¶ ¥®• ≥∑©¥£® Ø¶ ¥®• ≠ °£®©Æ• ¥Ø ™µ≥¥©¶π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ °¨¨•ß•§ ∞¨°Æ ¥Ø ≤•¥≤•Æ£® ≠ Ø≤• ∑Ø≤´•≤≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >>

@4ØπØ¥° ∑°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø £≤•°¥• ° £¨©≠ °¥• Ø¶ ¶•°≤ °≠ ØÆß µ≥ )¥ ∑°Æ¥≥ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥Ø •±µ°¥• ¥®• ¶°©¨µ≤• ¥Ø ≠ ••¥ ¥®• §°©¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥ ∑ ©¥® §©≥≠ ©≥≥°¨A 5≤ß•¨

4®• §°©¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥°!≥ ¨Ø£°¨ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥ ∑®©£® •≠ ∞¨Øπ≥ 5** ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °Æ§ ≠ Ø≤• ¥®°Æ 7** £ØÆ¥≤°£¥µ°¨ ©Æ )** ©≥ * µÆ©¥≥ Ø¶ 6©Ø≥ °Æ§ )ÆÆØ∂° £°≤≥ 4®©≥ §°©¨π ¥°≤ß•¥ ≠ µ≥¥ ¢• ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ §µ≤©Æß ¥∑Ø •©ß®¥®Øµ≤ ≥®©¶¥≥ ∑®©£® ≠ •°Æ≥ •∂•≤π ≥®©¶¥ ≠ µ≥¥ ∞≤Ø§µ£• 77 µÆ©¥≥

5≤ß•¨ °§§•§ ¥®°¥ ¥®• ¥°≤ß•¥•§ ¥©≠ • ¥Ø °≥≥•≠ ¢¨• ØÆ• ∂•®©£¨• ©≥ D7: ≠ ©Æµ¥•≥ @%∂•≤π D7: ≠ ©Æµ¥•≥ °Æ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨•§ ∂•®©£¨• £Ø≠ •≥ Ø¶¶ ¥®• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ¨©Æ• °¶¥•≤ ßØ©Æß ¥®≤Øµß® §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ¨©´• ∑•¨§©Æß ∞°©Æ¥©Æß °Æ§ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ §ØØ≤≥ °Æ§ °©≤ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ©Æß µÆ©¥≥A

@4®• ∑Ø≤´¨Ø°§ ©Æ Øµ≤ ¶°£¥Ø≤π ©≥ ≥¥≤•ÆµØµ≥ °Æ§ §°Æß•≤Øµ≥ °≥ ∑•¨¨ )≤ØÆ©£°¨¨π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ!≥ £ØÆ£•∞¥ Ø¶ ≥°¶•¥π ©≥ ™µ≥¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¶©Æ©≥®•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ÆØ¥ ¶Ø≤ µ≥ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥A ®• ≥°©§

)Æ≥©§• ¥®• ∞¨°Æ¥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤ &4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß )Æ£ ©Æ ,°ßµÆ° 4•£®ÆØ∞°≤´ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¶°£• ¥®• ≥°≠ • ≤•∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°¢Øµ≤ ≤©ß®¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ °Æ§ ®•°¨¥® °Æ§ ≥°¶•¥π £ØÆ£•≤Æ≥

&4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ° ∞≤Ø§µ£•≤ Ø¶ ∞•§°¨≥ °Æ§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ ° ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤π Ø¶ *°∞°Æ¢°≥•§ &4•£® )Æ£ ∞≤Ø§µ£•≥ >*** ∞•§°¨≥ °Æ§ 7** ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ∞°≤¥≥ §°©¨π ¶Ø≤ (ØÆ§°!≥ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞¨°Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π °Æ§ ©Æ *°∞°Æ °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ °≥ ∑•¨¨ °≥ ¶Ø≤ Ø¥®•≤ °µ¥Ø ¢≤°Æ§≥ - Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ®°¨¶ Ø¶ ©¥≥ 7D5 ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °≤• £ØÆ¥≤°£¥µ°¨9 &Ø≤ •∂•≤π ¶©∂• ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ØÆ ° ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¨©Æ• ¥®•≤• °≤• ≥•∂•Æ £ØÆ¥≤°£¥µ°¨≥ ØÆ ¥®• ≥°≠ • ¨©Æ•

- Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ≥©§• &4•£®!≥ ∞¨°Æ¥ °≤• ≠ °Æµ°¨¨π §ØÆ• §•≥∞©¥• ¥®• ®©ß® §°©¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥ °Æ§ ¥®• ≥¥≤•ÆµØµ≥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ ©Æ∂Ø¨∂•§ )Æ °Æ •©ß®¥®Øµ≤ ≥®©¶¥ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ £®µ≤Æ≥ Øµ¥ ¢Ø¥® ∞•§°¨≥ °Æ§ ≥µ≥∞•Æ≥©ØÆ ∞°≤¥≥ ∑®©£® ®°∂• ∞°≥≥•§ ¥®≤Øµß® ≥¥°≠ ∞©Æß ∑•¨§©Æß ∞°©Æ¥©Æß °Æ§ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π ∞≤Ø£•≥≥•≥ 7 ®•Æ ¥®• ∞¨°Æ¥ ¶°©¨≥ ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >7 ©¥≥ §°©¨π ¥°≤ß•¥ ∑ ©¥®©Æ •©ß®¥ ®Øµ≤≥ %∑®©£® Ø¶¥•Æ Ø££µ≤≥( ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °≤• ¶Ø≤£•§ ¥Ø ∑Ø≤´ Ø∂•≤¥©≠ • ¥Ø ≠ ••¥ ¥®• ¥°≤ß•¥

&4•£® ∑Ø≤´•≤ %§ß°≤ (©¨°ß° ≥°©§ ≥Ø≠ • Ø¶ ¥®•≠ •∂•Æ ∑Ø≤´ ®Øµ≤≥ ° §°π ¶Ø≤ ≥•∂•Æ ≥¥≤°©ß®¥ §°π≥ •≥∞•£©°¨¨π ¥®Ø≥• ©Æ ¥®• ≥¥°≠ ∞©Æß §•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ ≥©Æ£• ¥®•π °≤• ØÆ•≥ ∑®Ø £°≤≤π Øµ¥ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥

@7 Ø≤´•≤≥ ∑®Ø ¶°¨¨ ©¨¨ Ø≤ °£±µ©≤• ° §©≥•°≥• °≤• ≥©≠ ∞¨π ¥Ø¨§ ¢π &4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¥Ø ≤•≥©ßÆ ¢•£°µ≥• ¥®•π °≤• µ≥•¨•≥≥ ¥Ø ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ )Æ ¶°£¥ ØÆ• Ø¶ Øµ≤ £Ø∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ßØ¥ ° ¶≤°£¥µ≤•§ ¢°£´ ¶≤Ø≠ π•°≤≥ Ø¶ ®°≤§ ∑Ø≤´ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ØÆ¨π ¥Ø ¢• ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•§ ¢π ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ ¥Ø ≤•≥©ßÆA ®• ≥°©§

"•¶Ø≤• ¥®• £•≤¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ •¨•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• µÆ©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ±µ°≤¥•≤ Ø¶ )** (©¨°ß° ≥°©§ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞°Æπ •≠ ¢°≤´•§ ØÆ §©¶¶•≤•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤≠ ≥ Ø¶ ¢¨°£´ ∞≤Ø∞°ß°Æ§° °ß°©Æ≥¥ ¥®• µÆ©ØÆ ¥®°¥ ¥®•π °≤• ¥≤π©Æß ¥Ø •≥¥°¢¨©≥®

@&4•£® ¨°µÆ£®•§ ≥•≠ ©Æ°≤≥ ∑©¥® ¶≤•• ¶ØØ§ ¥Ø ß°¥®•≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ ©¥≥ ¨•£¥µ≤• °ß°©Æ≥¥ µÆ©ØÆ©≥≠ 4®Ø≥• Ø¶ µ≥ ∑®Ø °£¥©∂•¨π £°≠ ∞°©ßÆ•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≤•£ØßÆ©¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• µÆ©ØÆ ∑•≤• £°¨¨•§ !2•§≥! ¶Ø≤ ≥©≠ ∞¨π °§∂Ø£°¥©Æß ß•Æµ©Æ• ¥≤°§• µÆ©ØÆ©≥≠ A ¥®• ∑Ø≤´•≤ ≥°©§

&Ø≤ (©¨°ß° ¥®©≥ ´©Æ§ Ø¶ ¨°¢Øµ≤ ≤©ß®¥≥ ≤•∞≤•≥≥©ØÆ ©≥ ÆØ¥ Æ•∑ )Æ - °≤£® )** ®• ∑°≥ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• ))D ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¨°©§ Ø¶¶ ¢π ®©≥ ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ •≠ ∞¨Øπ•≤ 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶Ø≤ °£¥©∂•¨π ∞µ≥®©Æß ¶Ø≤ ° £Ø¨¨•£¥©∂• ¢°≤ß°©Æ©Æß °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥

4®• µÆ©ØÆ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø ≠ µ≥¥•≤ ¥®• ≠ °™Ø≤©¥π ∂Ø¥• ©Æ ¥®• £•≤¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ •¨•£¥©ØÆ 4®• Ø≤ß°Æ©∫•≤≥ °¥¥≤©¢µ¥•§ ¥®©≥ ¶°©¨µ≤• ¥Ø ¥®• ≠ °Æ°ß•≠ •Æ¥!≥ °Æ¥©µÆ©ØÆ ≤®•¥Ø≤©£ °Æ§ ¥®≤•°¥≥ Ø¶ §©≥≠ ©≥≥°¨ ¶Ø≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ "µ¥ (©¨°ß° ∞Ø©Æ¥•§ Øµ¥ ¥®°¥ µÆ¨©´• ©Æ Ø¥®•≤ ¶°£¥Ø≤©•≥ ¥®•π ∑•≤• °¢¨• ¥Ø ≤•°£® ¥®• ∂Ø¥©Æß ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ °≥ &4•£®!≥ ≠ °Æ°ß•≠ •Æ¥ ¶°©¨•§ ¥Ø ¶©¨• ° £•≤¥©¶©£°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ £°Æ£•¨¨°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ µÆ©ØÆ ≤•ß©≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ

!¥ ¥®• ®•©ß®¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ •£ØÆØ≠ ©£ ≥¨Ø∑§Ø∑ Æ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ±µ°≤¥•≤ Ø¶ )**6 &4•£® 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ©≠ ∞Ø≥•§ ¶¨•∏©¢¨• ∑Ø≤´ °≤≤°Æß•≠ •Æ¥≥ ≤•§µ£©Æß ¥®• ≤•ßµ¨°≤ ≥©∏§°π

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >5 ∑Ø≤´∑••´ ¥Ø ¥®≤•• Ø≤ ¶Øµ≤ §°π≥ ¢π ¶Ø≤£©Æß ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥Ø µ≥• ¥®•©≤ ≥©£´ °Æ§ ∂°£°¥©ØÆ ¨•°∂• 4®©≥@¶Ø≤£•§ ¨•°∂•A ≥£®•≠ • ∑°≥ ØÆ• Ø¶ ¥®• ≤•£Ø≠ ≠ •Æ§°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ ¨°¢Øµ≤ §•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ ¥Ø ≥µ∞∞Ø≥•§¨π °∂•≤¥ ≠ Ø≤• ¨°πØ¶¶≥ °¥ ¥®°¥ ¥©≠ •

6)) #ØÆ£¨µ≥©ØÆ

6°≤©Øµ≥ °≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ®°∂• ¢••Æ °∞∞¨°µ§©Æß ¥®• ©Æ£≤•°≥• ©Æ ∂•®©£¨• ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ®°¨¶ Ø¶ )** /¶¶©£©°¨ ¶Ø≤•£°≥¥ ¢π ¥®• #®°≠ ¢•≤ Ø¶ !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ )Æ£ %#!- 0)( ØÆ °ÆÆµ°¨ ∂•®©£¨• ≥°¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ )** ≥¥°Æ§≥ °¥ >D*** µÆ©¥≥ ¢µØπ•§ ¢π Ø∞¥©≠ ©≥≠ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 5D***µÆ©¥ ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¶©≤≥¥ ¶©∂• ≠ ØÆ¥®≥ Ø¶ ¥®• π•°≤ 4®©≥ Ø∞¥©≠ ©≥≠ ∑°≥ •∂•Æ ®π∞•§ µ∞ °¶¥•≤ ° ≤•£•Æ¥ ≥¥µ§π ØÆ ¥®• ∞≤Ø≥∞•£¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑ °≥ ≤•¨•°≥•§ ≥¥°¥©Æß ¥®°¥ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ £°Æ ¢• ¥®• )Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ®µ¢ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 3Øµ¥®•°≥¥ !≥©°Æ ≤•ß©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≠ ©Æß π•°≤≥

4®• ≤©≥©Æß ß≤Ø∑¥® ≤°¥• Ø¶ ¥®• •£ØÆØ≠ π ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ≤•≠ ©¥¥°Æ£•≥ ¶≤Ø≠ /∂•≤≥•°≥ &©¨©∞©ÆØ 7 Ø≤´•≤≥ %/&7 ≥( °Æ§ ®©ß® ®Ø∞•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• Æ•∑ °§≠ ©Æ©≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ °≤• °≠ ØÆß ¥®• ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ¢•©Æß £©¥•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °Æ¥©£©∞°¥•§ ≥µ≤ß• ©Æ ≥°¨•≥ ©Æ )** 4®• ¢µ¨¨©≥® Øµ¥¨ØØ´ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ©≥ °¨≥Ø £Øµ∞¨•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• Æ•∑ °§≠ ©Æ©≥¥≤°¥©ØÆ!≥ •¶¶Ø≤¥≥ ¥Ø ≤•∂©•∑ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ %- 6$0(

4®•≥• £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ©Æ§©£°¥Ø≤≥ ®Ø∑•∂•≤ °≤• ©Æ≥µ¶¶©£©•Æ¥ ¥Ø ≥∞µ≤ °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ß≤Ø∑¥® °Æ§ ¢≤©Æß ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ØÆ¥Ø ¥®• ≤°§°≤ Ø¶ ¥®• ß¨Ø¢°¨ °µ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥π≥¥•≠ &≤Ø≠ Øµ≤ ≤•≥•°≤£® ©¥ ©≥ £¨•°≤ ¥®°¥ ° ¶°∂Øµ≤°¢¨• ¢µ≥©Æ•≥≥ £¨©≠ °¥• ∞¨µ≥ ° Æ•∑ £°≤ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ %- 6$0( £°ÆÆØ¥ µÆ§Ø ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ∞≤Ø¢¨•≠ ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ∑®©£® °≤• ¨©Æ´•§ ¥Ø ¥®• ≥¥≤µ£¥µ≤°¨ ∑•°´Æ•≥≥•≥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• •£ØÆØ≠ π 4®• §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ •£ØÆØ≠ π ≤•≠ °©Æ≥ ∞≤•§Ø≠ ©Æ°Æ¥¨π ¢°£´∑°≤§ °Æ§ ∞≤•©Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ ∑®©¨• ¥®• ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ ≤•≠ °©Æ≥ ∂•≤π ¨Ø∑ 4®•≤• °≤• ÆØ ¢°≥©£ ©Æ§µ≥¥≤©•≥ ¥®°¥ ≥•≤∂• °≥ ° ¶ØµÆ§°¥©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ° ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 7 ©¥® ¥®•≥• ¶•°¥µ≤•≥ °µ¥Ø ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑©¨¨ ≤•≠ °©Æ ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• °Æ§ £Ø≥¥¨π π©•¨§©Æß ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ °Æ§ ≤•¨π©Æß ØÆ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥•§ ≤°∑ ≠ °¥•≤©°¨≥

&µ≤¥®•≤≠ Ø≤• £ØÆ¥©Æµ©Æß ¥≤°§• ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ∂©° ¶≤•• ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ %*0%0! !&4!( ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥©≥≥µ•§ •∏•£µ¥©∂• Ø≤§•≤≥ °Æ§ ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≤•≠ Ø∂°¨ Ø¶ ¥°≤©¶¶≥ ∑©¨¨ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ∑•°´•Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °≥ ©¥ ∞Ø©Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ≠ °≥≥©∂• ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #"5≥ °Æ§ #+$≥ ∑®©£® °≤• £®•°∞•≤ ¥®°Æ ¨Ø£°¨¨π ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >D ∂•®©£¨•≥ 5Æ§•≤ ¥®• Æ•Ø¨©¢•≤°¨ ≤°¥©ØÆ°¨• ©¥ ©≥ ÆØ¥ ∑©≥• ¶Ø≤ °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥®•©≤ °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑®•≤• ¥®• £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©≥ ®©ß® £Ø≠ ∞°≤•§ ¥Ø ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ¨•∂•¨≥ )Æ≥¥•°§ Ø¶ •Æß°ß©Æß ©Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ©¥ ∑Øµ¨§ ¢• ≠ Ø≤• ∞≤Ø¶©¥°¢¨• ¶Ø≤ °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ¥Ø ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §©≥¥≤©¢µ¥• #"5≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ ≠ °≤´•¥ ∑®©¨• ≠ °©Æ¥°©Æ©Æß ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∂•≤π ÆØÆ•≥≥•Æ¥©°¨ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ©Æ£ØµÆ¥≤π 4®©≥ ©≥ ≤•¶¨•£¥•§ ©Æ ¥®• §•£≤•°≥©Æß ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ß©°Æ¥≥ ©Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ©Æ ≤•£•Æ¥ π•°≤≥ 0≤•§©£¥°¢¨π ≥£°¨•§§Ø∑Æ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø∞•≤°¥©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ∑©¨¨ ¨•°§ ¥Ø ≠ °≥≥©∂• ≤•¥≤•Æ£®≠ •Æ¥≥ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °Æ§HØ≤ ∑Ø≤≥• ¶¨•∏©¢¨• ¨°¢Øµ≤ °≤≤°Æß•≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∑Ø≤´∞¨°£•

%∂•Æ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠ ∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤≥ ∑ ©¨¨ ¢• ≥•≤©Øµ≥¨π ®©¥ ¢π ¥®• ¥≤°™•£¥Ø≤π Ø¶ Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ∞Ø¨©£©•≥ ¥Ø∑°≤§≥ ¶µ≤¥®•≤ ¨©¢•≤°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ ≥©Æ£• ¥®•π ®°∂• ÆØ £Ø≠ ∞•¥©¥©∂• °§∂°Æ¥°ß• °ß°©Æ≥¥ ≠ °™Ø≤ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ≥µ∞∞¨©•≤≥ ∑®Ø °≤• °¨≥Ø ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ °Æ§ °¶¶©¨©°¥•≥ Ø¶ 4.#≥ Q )¥ ©≥ ∑Ø≤¥® ÆØ¥©Æß ¥®°¥ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ®°≥ ©Æ ∞°≤¥ §•¶©Æ•§ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥• Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß °Æ§ ¥≤°§• ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π "°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• ¶©Æ§©Æß≥ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø 4.#≥ £ØÆ¶©Æ•§ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ∂•®©£¨• °≥≥•≠ ¢¨π °Æ§ °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥ ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ¥Ø ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ °Æ§ ®©ß® £Ø≥¥ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥®≤Øµß® ¥®• °≠ ØµÆ¥ Ø¶ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ©¥ ¢≤Øµß®¥ ©Æ¥Ø ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π °Æ§ ¥®• ≠ Ø§• Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ &Ø≤•©ßÆ £°∞©¥°¨ ¢≤Øµß®¥ ¥Ø ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶Ø£µ≥•§ ØÆ¨π ØÆ ¥®• ¨Ø∑•≥¥ •Æ§ °Æ§ ¨Ø∑•≥¥ ∂°¨µ•°§§•§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ "©¨°¥•≤°¨ °Æ§ ≠ µ¨¥©¨°¥•≤°¨ ¥≤°§• °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ®°∂• ¢••Æ ©Æ≥¥≤µ≠ •Æ¥°¨ ©Æ £•≠ •Æ¥©Æß ¥®• §©≥°§∂°Æ¥°ß•≥

3©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ´•π ∞¨°π•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °¨≥Ø £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £°∞©¥°¨ ¥®≤Øµß® ¥®•©≤ ¥©ß®¥¨π ´Æ©¥ ≤•¨°¥©ØÆ≥®©∞ ∑ ©¥® ¥®• ¢°Æ´≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• ¨°¥¥•≤ Æ•≥¥¨•§ ©Æ ≠ °™Ø≤ °µ¥Ø £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≥ ≥¥Ø£´®Ø¨§•≤≥ $•£©≥©∂•¨π ¢°Æ´≥ ©Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ •∏¥•Æ§ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£• ©Æ ¥®• ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ≤•≥¥≤©£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¶©Æ°Æ£©°¨ £°∞©¥°¨ ∑®©£® ©≥ ÆØ¥ §•≥©ßÆ•§ ¥Ø ¶©Æ°Æ£• ≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ¢µ¥ §Ø≠ •≥¥©£ ∂•®©£¨• ≥°¨•≥ ∂©° °ßß≤•≥≥©∂• °µ¥Ø ¨Ø°Æ §©≥¢µ≤≥•≠ •Æ¥≥ )Æ •¶¶•£¥ ¢°Æ´≥ °≤• §©≤•£¥¨π °Æ§ ©Æ§©≤•£¥¨π ≥µ∞∞Ø≤¥©Æß ¥®©≥ ≥¥≤°¥•ßπ Ø¶ ≥≠ °¨¨≥£°¨• °Æ§ ¨Ø∑ ∂°¨µ• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ∑®©¨• °≤¥©¶©£©°¨¨π ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß £°≤ ∞µ≤£®°≥•≥ ¥®≤Øµß® ¨Ø°Æ≥ ¶Ø≤ ∞≤Ø¶©¥

!≥©§• ¶≤Ø≠ £ØÆ≥¥≤©£¥©Æß ¥®• ß≤Ø∑¥® Ø¶ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¥®• ≥∞°≤≥• ©Æ¶¨Ø∑ Ø¶ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ £°∞©¥°¨ ©Æ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ≥∞•¨¨≥ Øµ¥ ∑Ø≤≥• •∏∞¨Ø©¥°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≠ Ø≤• ∞≤ØÆØµÆ£•§ ¶¨•∏©¢©¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¨°¢Øµ≤ 7 ©¥®Øµ¥ Æ•∑ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ Ø≤ ¥•£®ÆØ¨Øßπ

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >+ ¥≤°Æ≥¶•≤ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¢©¨• £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≤• ≤°©≥©Æß ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ ∑ ©¥®Øµ¥ ¥°∞∞©Æß Æ•∑ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ¶°£©¨©¥©•≥ °Æ§ ≠ °£®©Æ•≤π )Æ≥¥•°§ £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≤• ©≠ ∞Ø≥©Æß Æ•∑ ¶Ø≤≠ ≥ Ø¶ ¶¨•∏©¢¨• ¨°¢Øµ≤ °≤≤°Æß•≠ •Æ¥≥ ¨©´• £Ø≠ ∞≤•≥≥•§ ∑Ø≤´∑••´ %°≥ ©Æ ¥®• £°≥• Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤≥( °Æ§ ∞≤Ø¨ØÆß•§ ®Øµ≤≥ Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´ %°≥ ©Æ ¥®• £°≥• Ø¶ &4•£® ∑Ø≤´•≤≥( ¥Ø •∏¥≤°£¥ ° ®©ß®•≤ ≥µ≤∞¨µ≥ ∂°¨µ• ¶≤Ø≠ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥

4®• £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∑Ø≤´∞¨°£• °Æ§ ¥®• ©≥≥µ•≥ ¥®•π °≤• ¶°£©Æß °≤• §•¥•≤≠ ©Æ•§ °¨≥Ø ¢π ¥®• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ≥¥≤•≥≥ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π Ø¶ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 4.#≥ 4®°¥ ≠ •°Æ≥ ¥®• §°©¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞≤Ø™•£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ •°£® £Ø≠ ∞°Æ©•≥ °≤• ©Æ ¨©Æ• ∑©¥® ¥®• ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ¢¨µ• ∞≤©Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞¨•≠ •Æ¥°≤π ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 4.#≥ #Ø≥¥£µ¥¥©Æß ≠ •°≥µ≤•≥ ¥®• ¨•∂•¨ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ ∞¨°Æ≥ ¶Ø≤ •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ °≤• ¢°≥•§ ØÆ ¥®• §©≤•£¥©ØÆ ≥•¥ ¢π !≥©°Æ 4.#≥

3©Æ£• £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π ∑ ©¥®©Æ °Æ§ °¨ØÆß !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 4.#≥ ≥©ßÆ©¶©£°Æ¥¨π ≥®°∞•≥ ¥®• £µ≤≤•Æ¥ ≥¥°¥µ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ§ ©¥≥ ∞≤Ø≥∞•£¥≥ !≥©°Æ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 4.#≥ °≤• °¨≥Ø §•£©≥©∂• ©Æ ©Æ¶¨µ•Æ£©Æß ¥®• ¶°¥• Ø¶ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• ¨Ø£°¨ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π &©¨©∞©ÆØ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ≤•≠ °©Æ ∂µ¨Æ•≤°¢¨• ¥Ø ¥®• £°∞≤©£•≥ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π ¢•©Æß ØÆ ¥®• ¢≤©Æ´ Ø¶ ≠ °≥≥ ¨°πØ¶¶≥ Ø≤ ≠ Ø≤• •∏∞¨Ø©¥°¥©∂• ∑Ø≤´ °≤≤°Æß•≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ∑Ø≤´∞¨°£• ©Æ ¥®• ¶°£• Ø¶ ≥∞°≤≥• £°∞©¥°¨ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥≥

!≥ ¶Ø≤ Ø¥®•≤ £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¶°∂Øµ≤•§ ¢π £°∞©¥°¨ ¶¨Ø∑≥ ¥®•©≤ °µ¥Ø ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °≤• ∂©£¥©≠ ≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ®©ß®¨π ≥¥≤•ÆµØµ≥ °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ •∏∞¨Ø©¥°¥©ØÆ 4®µ≥ ©¥ ©≥ ©≠ ∞Ø≤¥°Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫°¥©ØÆ≥ ¥Ø £ØÆ§µ£¥ ≤•ßµ¨°≤ °Æ°¨π≥©≥ °Æ§ ≠ ØÆ©¥Ø≤©Æß Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π °Æ§ ©¥≥ ¥≤•Æ§≥ ¥Ø •¶¶•£¥©∂•¨π ¨°π §Ø∑Æ £ØÆ£≤•¥• °Æ§ £¨•°≤ £ØµÆ¥•≤°£¥©ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ¨•≥≥•Æ ¥®•©≤ ∂µ¨Æ•≤°¢©¨©¥π ¥Ø ¥®• Æ•ß°¥©∂• ©≠ ∞°£¥≥ Ø¶ £°∞©¥°¨ ≠ Ø¢©¨©¥π 2•ß©ØÆ°¨ °Æ§ ß¨Ø¢°¨ ¨°¢Øµ≤ °£¥©ØÆ≥ °≠ ØÆß µÆ©ØÆ≥ ©Æ ¥®• °µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• ≥•£¥Ø≤ ≥®Øµ¨§ ¢• ¶Ø≤ß•§ ¥Ø £ØÆ≥Ø¨©§°¥• ¨°¢Øµ≤!≥ ≤•≥∞ØÆ≥• ¥Ø ¥®• ©¨¨•¶¶•£¥≥ Ø¶ ß¨Ø¢°¨ °Æ§ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ

%Æ§ÆØ¥•≥

- ©£®°•¨ 3£®∑°≤∫ 4≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ ¥®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π )≠ ∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ ØÆ 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ - °Æ°ß•≠ •Æ¥ %#)3#/ )Æ¥•≤Æ•¥ "µ≥©Æ•≥≥ 3Ø¨µ¥©ØÆ≥ '≤Øµ∞ &•¢≤µ°≤π )**+( ) #°≤¨Ø≥ 'Ø≠ •∫ &¨••¥≥ $≤©∂• 2•¢ØµÆ§ ©Æ 5$3$ 3°¨•≥ "µ¥ (Øµ≥•®Ø¨§≥ °≤• 4®• #®°µ¶¶•µ≤≥ ©Æ #°Æ°§° '¨Ø¢°¨ !µ¥Ø 2•∞Ø≤¥ %3£Ø¥©°¢°Æ´ '≤Øµ∞ *µ¨π 6 )**( : 3£®∑°≤∫ Ø∞ £©¥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers >6

> &≤°Æ£©≥£Ø 6•¨Ø≥Ø °Æ§ 2°™©∂ +µ≠ °≤ 4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥$ %2$ 7 Ø≤´©Æß 0°∞•≤ 3•≤©•≥ .Ø$ + %%£ØÆØ≠ ©£≥ °Æ§ 2•≥•°≤£® $•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ !≥©°Æ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ "°Æ´ *°Æµ°≤π )**)( 7 )¢©§ 5 )¢ØÆ &ØµÆ§°¥©ØÆ )≠ ∞°£¥ Ø¶ '¨Ø¢°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ &≤•• 4≤°§• !ß≤••≠ •Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ -¨•£¥µ≤•. - - °Æ©¨° $•£•≠ ¢•≤ )**( D 2°¶°•¨©¥° ! - •≤£°§Ø!¨§°¢° - ©£≤Ø 3¥µ§©•≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• #°≤ !≥≥•≠ ¢¨π 3•£¥Ø≤ $©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ 0°∞•≤ 3•≤©•≥ .Ø$ /0123 %0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 3¥µ§©•≥ 3•∞¥•≠ ¢•≤ 66D( + )¢©§ 6 )¢©§ * * 2°¶°•¨©¥° ! - •≤£°§Ø!¨§°¢° )Æ£≤•°≥©Æß '¨Ø¢°¨©∫°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ !&4! ©Æ 244+ 7 ®°¥ °≤• ¥®• 0≤Ø≥∞•£¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤π5 %0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 3¥µ§©•≥ .Ø∂•≠ ¢•≤ )***( !)#/ ≥£®•≠ • ≥©ßÆ•§ ØÆ !∞≤©¨ )D 665 ß≤°Æ¥≥ *7 ∞•≤£•Æ¥ ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤°¥• ¶Ø≤ °¨¨ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ ©§•Æ¥©¶©•§ ©Æ ¥®• °∞∞≤Ø∂•§ !)#/ °≤≤°Æß•≠ •Æ¥≥ •∏£®°Æß•§ °≠ ØÆß £ØÆ¥≤°£¥©Æß ∞°≤¥©•≥ ) *0%0! ©≥ ° £Ø≠ ∞≤•®•Æ≥©∂• ¢©¨°¥•≤°¨ ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ °ß≤••≠ •Æ¥ ¢•¥∑••Æ *°∞°Æ °Æ§ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °©≠ •§ °¥ ©Æ£≤•°≥©Æß ¥≤°§• °Æ§ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ©¥©•≥ ¢•¥∑••Æ ¥®• ¥∑Ø •£ØÆØ≠ ©•≥ : #•¢µ¢°≥•§ ¶©≤≠ ≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• (+2 )Æ£≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤ Ø¶ ß•°≤ ≥¨••∂•≥ °Æ§ µÆ©∂•≤≥°¨ ™Ø©Æ¥≥ °Æ§ "≤©¥©≥® !≤≠ Ø≤ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ )Æ£≠ °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•≤ Ø¶ °≤≠ Ø≤ ¶Ø≤ °≤≠ Ø≤•§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °≤•¢Ø¥® *°∞°Æ•≥• ¶©≤≠ ≥ > 3©ßÆ•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ 0≤•≥©§•Æ¥ '¨Ø≤©° !≤≤ØπØ ©Æ )**> 7 &≤°Æ£©≥£Ø 6•¨Ø≥Ø °Æ§ 2°™©∂ +µ≠ °≤ 4®• !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• 3µ∞∞¨π #®°©Æ '¨Ø¢°¨ 4≤•Æ§≥ °Æ§ !≥©°Æ 0•≤≥∞•£¥©∂•≥ %!$" 7 Ø≤´©Æß 0°∞•≤ *°Æµ°≤π )**)( : 5 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• $•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ 4≤°§• °Æ§ )Æ§µ≥¥≤π /∂•≤∂©•∑ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥8 !µ¥Ø )Æ§µ≥¥≤π 0Ø¨©£π ∞Ø∑•≤∞Ø©Æ¥ ∞≤•≥•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ %&•¢≤µ°≤π )**( D - ©¥≥µ© L #Ø ,¥§ - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• "µ≥©Æ•≥≥ 5Æ©¥ %.Ø∂•≠ ¢•≤ )* )**+(9 5 + *Ø®Æ "•¨¨°≠ π &Ø≥¥•≤ 4®• !ß• Ø¶ - ØÆØ∞Ø¨π1&©Æ°Æ£• #°∞©¥°¨ %- ØÆ¥®¨π 2•∂©•∑$•£•≠ ¢•≤ )**6( 6 #0 #®°Æ§≤°≥•´®°≤ '¨Ø¢°¨ ,©±µ©§©¥π °Æ§ &©Æ°Æ£©°¨ &¨Ø∑≥ ¥Ø $•∂•¨Ø∞©Æß #ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ .•∑ 4≤•Æ§≥ ©Æ %≠ •≤ß©Æß - °≤´•¥≥ °Æ§ ¥®•©≤ )≠ ∞¨©£°¥©ØÆ≥ '12; $©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ 0°∞•≤ 3•≤©•≥ %.Ø∂•≠ ¢•≤ )**+(9 )* )¢©§ ∞ : ) )¢©§ ∞ : )) - °≤©Ø " ,°≠ ¢•≤¥• !Æ /∂•≤∂©•∑ Ø¶ %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ )Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ #ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ ©Æ !≥©° 2•¥≤©•∂•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ∑∑∑°§¢Ø≤ß ): )¢©§ ∞* )> $°¨©° - °≤©Æ °Æ§ - ØÆ©´° 3£®Æ©¥∫•≤ 7 ®•Æ ©≥ &$) ° #°∞©¥°¨ &¨Ø∑5 'Ø∂•≤Æ°Æ£• °Æ§ ¥®• %¶¶©£©•Æ£π Ø¶ %£ØÆØ≠ ©£ 3π≥¥•≠ ≥ %'%39( §©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ ∞°∞•≤ %*µÆ• )**5(9

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 7*

)7 #®°Æ§≤°≥•´®°≤ Ø∞ £©¥ ∞ : )5 *Ø≥•¶ 4 9°∞ - °Æ°ß©Æß #°∞©¥°¨ &¨Ø∑≥9 4®• #°≥• Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥A 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• )Æ≥¥©¥µ¥• ¶Ø≤ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠ •Æ¥ 3¥µ§©•≥ %0)$3( §©≥£µ≥≥©ØÆ ∞°∞•≤ %&•¢≤µ°≤π )**+(9 5 )D )¢©§ ∞ 5 )+ 2•¶•≤≥ ØÆ¨π ¥Ø ©Æ∂•≥¥≠ •Æ¥ ∞¨•§ß•§ ¢π ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ £Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ≥ Ø≤ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠ •Æ¥≥ ∑©¥®©Æ ° ß©∂•Æ π•°≤ )6 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• $•∞°≤¥≠ •Æ¥ Ø¶ 4≤°§• °Æ§ )Æ§µ≥¥≤π /∂•≤∂©•∑ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥8 !µ¥Ø )Æ§µ≥¥≤π 0Ø¨©£π %&•¢≤µ°≤π )**( :* 4®• ≤•≥•°≤£®•≤≥ µ≥•§ ¥®• Ø¨§ (µ≠ °Æ 0Ø∂•≤¥π )Æ§•∏ %§Ø¨¨°≤°§°π( ©Æ≥¥•°§ Ø¶ ¥®• Æ•∑ ØÆ• %∑®©£® ¶°£¥Ø≤≥ ©Æ ¥®• £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ ≥µ≤≤ØµÆ§©Æß ¥®• §•¨©∂•≤π Ø¶ °Æ§ °££•≥≥ ¥Ø •¨•£¥≤©£©¥π ∑°¥•≤ •¥£( ≥©Æ£• ¥®• ¶Ø≤≠ •≤ ≠ Ø≤• °££µ≤°¥•¨π °≥≥•≥≥•≥ ∞µ≤£®°≥©Æß ∞Ø∑•≤ : 4ØπØ¥° *°∞°Æ ®Ø¨§≥ ° ≠ °™Ø≤©¥π ≥¥°´• ©Æ °¨¨ ©¥≥ ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ ≥µ¢≥©§©°≤©•≥ ∑©¥® ¥®• •∏£•∞¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®©≥ µÆ©¥ ©Æ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ :) @4ØπØ¥° ¥Ø )Æ£≤•°≥• - °Æµ°¨ 0≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§ %∏∞Ø≤¥≥A 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ #Ø≤∞!≥ ∞≤•≥≥ ≤•¨•°≥• ∞Ø≥¥•§ ©Æ ∑∑∑¥ØπØ¥°£Ø≠ ∞® :: @(°∞∞π "©≤¥®§°π #Ø≤Ø¨¨°RA "µ≥©Æ•≥≥∑••´ %3•∞¥ 5 )**5( :> @4ØπØ¥° 0≤©µ≥ ≥°¨•≥ ®©¥ ≠ ©¨¨©ØÆ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§•A 2•µ¥•≤≥ %- °π 7 )**+( :7 403 °©≠ ≥ ¥Ø •¨©≠ ©Æ°¥•≥ ∑°≥¥• ¢π ∞≤Ø§µ£©Æß ∑®°¥ ©≥ Æ••§•§ ©Æ ¥®• Æ•∏¥ ∞≤Ø£•≥≥ ©Æ ° £ØÆ¥©ÆµØµ≥ ¶¨Ø∑ :5 @4®• 4ØπØ¥° 9Øµ $ØÆ!¥ +ÆØ∑9 4®• 2°£• ¥Ø ¥®• "Ø¥¥Ø≠ ©Æ ¥®• !µ¥Ø )Æ§µ≥¥≤πA .°¥©ØÆ°¨ ,°¢Ø≤ #Ø≠ ≠ ©¥¥•• %*µÆ• )**+(9 ∞ > :D @4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ≥¥°ß• ≥¥≤©´•A "µ≥©Æ•≥≥7 Ø≤¨§ %- °≤£® )6 )**( :+ ¢°≥•§ ØÆ °Æ !µß 7 )** ©Æ¥•≤∂©•∑ ∑©¥® ° 4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤ :6 &Ø≤ ¥®• £Ø≠ ∞¨•¥• ¥©≠ •¨©Æ• Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° ∑Ø≤´•≤≥! ≥¥≤µßß¨• ≥•• )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ - •¥°¨∑Ø≤´•≤≥! &•§•≤°¥©ØÆ!≥ %)- &( 7 •¢ ≥©¥•9 ∑∑∑©≠ ¶≠ •¥°¨Ø≤ß >* 4!%0 ©≥ ∞°≤¥ Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥°!≥ 4•£®Æ©£°¨ %§µ£°¥©ØÆ 0≤Øß≤°≠ %44%0( ©¥≥ ∑Ø≤¨§∑©§• ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ØÆ ≤•£≤µ©¥©Æß ∑Ø≤´•≤≥ ¥Ø ©¥≥ ∞¨°Æ¥≥ > 2ØÆ°¨§ '°≥∞°≤ @4ØπØ¥° !µ¥Ø≠ Ø¥©∂• %§µ£°¥©ØÆ 0≤Øß≤°≠ A %$•£•≠ ¢•≤ )**6(

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ Ø¶ 2 ¨•ß°¨ •Æ°£¥≠•Æ¥ ¥Ø ©≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥ ¥®• - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& $549 /. ≥£®•§µ¨• Ø¶ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶≤Ø≠ #%24!). )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 "##$ ¥Ø (( +!3%!., 02/6)$%$ &/2 5.$%2 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% "##$'(( 0(),)00).% 3#(%$5,% /& 4!2)&& 2%$5#4)/. /& 02/$5#43 42!.3&%22%$ &2/- 4(% 4%- 0/2!29 %8#,53)/. ,)34 4/ 4(% ).#,53)/. ,)34 5.$%2 4(% .%7 4)- % &2!- % /& 4(% !##%,%2!4%$ #/- - /. %&&%#4)6% 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 3#(%- % &/2 4(% !3%!. &2%% 42!$% !2%! +#%04'!&4!, +3•• °¨≥Ø %/ $" ≥1"###, %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ "9% Ø¶ 2 4®°©¨°Æ§ ' 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ §©•≥•¨ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& $549 /. 2 )≥µ∫µ §©•≥•¨ •Æß©Æ•≥ ; •Æß©Æ• ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§ #%24!). )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 ¥≤°Æ≥≠©≥≥©ØÆ ' 4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ ¥≤°Æ≥≠©≥≥©ØÆ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨≥ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 ' ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ •Æß©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ®°∂• ° ¥°≤©¶¶

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 4(% 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 2!4%3 /. Ø¶ = #%24!). 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, 3#(%- % - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& $549 /. #%24!). )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 2!4%3 /. #%24!). 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, 3#(%- %

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers

%/ "###

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ "#% Ø¶ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ - °¨°π≥©°& '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ∂°≤©Øµ≥ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ "### /%- ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£& #©¥π )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ - °¨°π≥©° ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- Ø¶ #©∂©£& #©¥π& °Æ§ 2 (ØÆ§° !)#/ °Æ§ !££Ø≤§? ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ !££Ø≤§ 2 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£& ')Æ§ØÆ•≥©° ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ £•≤¥°©Æ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ #©¥π °Æ§ !££Ø≤§ ∞°≤¥≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶Ø≤ /%- Ø¶ #©∂©£& #©¥π °Æ§ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©°& /%- ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ !££Ø≤§ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ 456

5Æ§•≤ ¥®• 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥

'0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©° ¥®• /%- Ø¶ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ 456 ¨©ß®¥ £Ø≠≠•≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥ °Æ§ ßØØ§≥1 '¥°≤©¶¶ ©≥ ('= %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ " Ø¶ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©° '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©° °Æ§ "### °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§& /%- ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 4®°©¨°Æ§ /%- ¶Ø≤ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ #°≠≤π 2 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ #°≠≤π ')Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- Ø¶ +©™°Æß& £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ #Ø≤Ø¨¨°& #°≠≤π& 5Æ≥•≤& (©¨µ∏ °Æ§ 3Ø¨µÆ° ¶Ø≤ +©™°Æß& #Ø≤Ø¨¨°& #°≠≤π& ' ('= ¥°≤©¶¶

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 5Æ≥•≤& (©¨µ∏ °Æ§ 3Ø¨µÆ° %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ "# Ø¶ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©°& ' 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©°& °Æ§ "### 4®°©¨°Æ§ +4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨°, /%- 4®°©¨°Æ§ /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 °µ¥Ø ∞°≤¥≥C £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ' )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& - °¨°π≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ •¨•£¥≤©£ /& $549 /. #%24!). •∏£®°Æß• ¶Ø≤ •¨•£¥≤©£≥ ¶°Æ≥ °Æ§ ¶°Æ≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥C∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 Ø¥®•≤ ∞°≤¥≥ 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% •¨•£¥≤©£ ¶°Æ≥ 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 ' ('= ¥°≤©¶¶ #/$% /& "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© - Ø¥Ø≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ; !≥©°Æ 4≤°Æ≥≠©≥≥©ØÆ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ !)#/ 2!4%3 /. #%24!). '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®°©¨°Æ§ /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ,°Æ£•≤ °Æ§ ,((1 !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, '4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ 3#(%- % ¶Ø≤ ,(( ' ('= ¥°≤©¶¶ 24ØπØ¥° !)#/ °ß≤••≠•Æ¥ 2 - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®© !)#/

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers %/ "##"

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ %$ Ø¶ "##" 2 ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§& '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 2 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ /%- ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° 4®°©¨°Æ§ £•≤¥°©Æ /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ #Ø≤Ø¨¨°1 £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ ')Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ 4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π +©™°Æß £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- Ø¶ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° °Æ§ +©™°Æß1 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ %# Ø¶ "##" 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§& /%- ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§ /%- 2 (ØÆ§° !)#/ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂•C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ #©∂©£ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π '4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ /%- Ø¶ #©∂©£ '('= ¥°≤©¶¶ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ )* Ø¶ 2 0°≥≥•Æß•≤ #°≤≥D ¶Øµ≤'∑®••¨ §≤©∂• '¥®• °≥≥•≠¢¨π Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• £Ø≠∞¨•¥•¨π "##" ∂•®©£¨•≥ µ≥•§ ¥Ø ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥ ´ÆØ£´•§ §Ø∑Æ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ ØÆ¨π1 - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ 2 #Ø≠≠•≤£©°¨ #°≤≥D ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ #+$D ¨Ø£°¨¨π ∞≤Ø§µ£•§ Ø≤ ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨π 0≤Øß≤°≠ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥ °Æ§CØ≤ ßØØ§≥ ∞µ≤∞Ø≥•≥ ¢π ° ≤•ß©≥¥•≤•§ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ' ≠Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ )≠∞Ø≤¥•§ #+$3D ≥µ¢∞°≤¥≥C∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ ≥µ¢'°≥≥•≠¢¨©•≥C°≥≥•≠¢¨©•≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≠©Æµ≥ ¨Ø£°¨ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ °≥ ≠°π ¢• §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¢π ¥®• "/) 'ØÆ¨π ¢≤°Æ§'Æ•∑ /%- #+$ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨π ∞µ≤∞Ø≥•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¶Ø≤

'°Æπ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ'Ø∑Æ•§ Ø≤ &©¨©∞©ÆØ'Ø∑Æ•§ £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ Ø≤ß°Æ©∫•§ µÆ§•≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ®• ¨°∑≥ ¥®°¥ ∑©¨¨ •Æß°ß• ©Æ ¥®• ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤•C°≥≥•≠¢¨• Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ±µ°¨©¶π °≥ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥1 '•°£® Æ•∑ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥& Ø∂•≤ ° ∞•≤©Ø§ Ø¶ " π•°≤& ≥®°¨¨ ©Æ∂•≥¥ °Æ§CØ≤ ¢≤©Æß ©Æ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨• ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¢Ø¥® •∏∞Ø≤¥ °Æ§ §Ø≠•≥¥©£ ≠°≤´•¥≥ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ¥Ø 53$ "( ≠©¨¨©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ Ø≤ 53$ % ≠©¨¨©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠≠•≤£©°¨ ∂•®©£¨• Ø≤ 53$ ≠©¨¨©ØÆ ¶Ø≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•1

)Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ©Æ °Æπ Ø¶ ¥®• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑©Æß ≥£®•≠•≥D "1 %±µ©¥©π ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥& •©¥®•≤ ≠©ÆØ≤ Ø≤ ≠°™Ø≤ ≥¥Ø£´®Ø¨§©Æß≥ ©Æ Æ•∑ Ø≤ •∏©≥¥©Æß ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨• ∞°≤¥≥ £Ø≠∞°Æπ 1 )Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ©Æ ©Æ'®Øµ≥• ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨• ∞°≤¥≥ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß Ø≤ 1 #Ø≥¥ ≥®°≤©Æß ≥£®•≠•≥ ∑©¥® •∏©≥¥©Æß £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ ©Æ ¥•≤≠≥ Ø¶ ¥ØØ¨©Æß≥ °Æ§CØ≤ ≠Ø§•≤Æ©∫°¥©ØÆCµ∞ß≤°§• Ø¶

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers $ ¶°£©¨©¥©•≥ Ø≤ 1 Ø¥®•≤ ©Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ ¥®°¥ "/) ≠°π £ØÆ≥©§•≤ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π1

'¥®•≤• ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ÆØ ¨©≠©¥°¥©ØÆ ©Æ ¥®• Æµ≠¢•≤ Ø¶ ≠Ø§•¨≥ ¥®°¥ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ≠°π °≥≥•≠¢¨•C≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¥®• ≥°≠• °≤• ≤•ß©≥¥•≤•§ ∑©¥® ¥®• "/)1 ! ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ≠°π ≤•ß©≥¥•≤ ≠µ¨¥© ¢≤°Æ§≥ Ø≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥

' ¥®• ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ ≥®°¨¨ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• ¥Ø °∂°©¨ Ø¶ #+$ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤°¥• µÆ§•≤ ¥®• #+$ ¥°≤©¶¶ ¨©Æ•≥ °≥ ≠°π ¢• §•¥•≤≠©Æ•§ ¢π "/)1 4®• "/) ∑©¨¨ ©≥≥µ• ° #•≤¥©¶©£°¥• Ø¶ !µ¥®Ø≤©¥π1

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers % %/ "##+

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ "9 Ø¶ "##+ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§& ¶°Æ °≥≥π '0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 2 µÆ§•≤ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø °Æ§ ≥®≤Øµ§ °≥≥π? 4®°©¨°Æ§ ¶°Æ °≥≥•≠¢¨π °Æ§ #Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ !)#/ !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ •∂°∞Ø≤°¥Ø≤≥ ¶Ø≤ °©≤ ≥®≤Øµ§ °≥≥•≠¢¨π? •∂°∞Ø≤°¥Ø≤≥ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ©Æß ≠°£®©Æ•≥& ¶Ø≤ °©≤ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ©Æß ≠°£®©Æ•≥& µ∞∞•≤C¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®°Æ´≥ !) µ∞∞•≤C¨Ø∑•≤ ¥®°Æ´≥ !) ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥& ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥& ≥µ¢°≥≥π& ¨Ø∑•≤ ≥µ¢°≥≥π& ¨Ø∑•≤ ¥°Æ´≥ ¶Ø≤ !) ¥°Æ´≥ ¶Ø≤ !) ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥& °Æ§ ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥& °Æ§ £Ø≤• ≥µ¢°≥≥π +!) £Ø≤• ≥µ¢°≥≥π +!) ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥, ≤°§©°¥Ø≤≥, 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& ¶µ•¨ '4®°©¨°Æ§ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶µ•¨ ∞µ≠∞ ∞µ≠∞ ≠Ø§• °≥≥•≠¢¨π ≠Ø§• °≥≥π1 '= ¥°≤©¶¶ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ Ø¶ "##+ 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§ £•≤¥°©Æ ' = ¥°≤©¶¶ 2 µÆ§•≤ ¥®• .©≥≥°Æ !)#/ !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ /%- ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ .©≥≥°Æ 3•Æ¥≤° 2 ¶≤Ø≠ 0®©¨≥1& £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤¥π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ .©≥≥°Æ 3•Æ¥≤° %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ Ø¶ "##+ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& $549 /. - /4/2 6%()#,%3& !3 02/6)$%$ &/2 5.$%2 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$% +02%3)$%.4)!,

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers # $%#2%% ./1 "9& !3 !- %.$%$,& ). /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 02%&%2%.4)!, 2!4%3 4(%2%/. 5.$%2 4(% !54/- /4)6% %80/24 02/'2!- 1

%/ "##,

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ + " Ø¶ 2 ≥∞•£©°¨ ©Æ£•Æ¥©∂•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• •∏∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ 2 .%7 D £°¥•ßØ≤©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ #"5 •∏∞Ø≤¥≥ J°££Ø≤§©Æß¨π& •∏∞°Æ≥©ØÆ Ø¶ "##, £•≤¥°©Æ £Ø≠∞¨•¥•¨π ¢µ©¨¥'µ∞ µÆ©¥≥ ∑C ¥®•©≤ ≠©Æ©≠µ≠ °ÆÆµ°¨ ∂Ø¨µ≠• Ø¶ •∏∞Ø≤¥≥ Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ 02/6)$).' +#"5≥, Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ •∏∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ ; ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂• ≠©Æ©≠µ≠ &/" ¥≤°Æ≥¨°¥•≥ ¥Ø ©≠∞≤Ø∂•§ !- %.$- %.43 4/ ∂°¨µ• ∞•≤ µÆ©¥ +©1•1& ≤•ßµ¨°≤& •£ØÆØ≠©•≥ Ø¶ ≥£°¨• ¨•°§©Æß §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥°¨& Æ©£®•& ®©ß® ∂°¨µ•'¨Ø∑ ¥Ø ©Æ£≤•°≥•§ ß¨Ø¢°¨ %8%#54)6% /2$%2 & 31 ∂Ø¨µ≠•, £Ø≠∞•¥©¥©∂•Æ•≥≥ Ø¶ ¥®• ((& H- /$)&)9).' 4(% 2 !µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• %∏∞Ø≤¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ £°¨¨≥ ¶Ø≤ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π 2!4%3 /& $549 /. ¥®• °∂°©¨≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤°¥•≥ J°Æ§ ¥®• ≤•£•Æ¥ °Æ§ - /4/2 6%()#,%3& !3 ¢π ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®•©≤ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ØÆ'ßØ©Æß §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥≥ ØÆ 02/6)$%$ &/2 5.$%2 #"5≥ ØÆ ¥®• ¢°≥©≥ Ø¶ •±µ©∂°¨•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ ≤•ß©ØÆ°¨ ©Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ •∏£®°Æß• •°≤Æ©Æß≥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®•©≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥≥ Ø¶ °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ≥•£¥Ø≤& #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$% #"5≥ +Ø∞•Æ ¥Ø °¨¨ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ Ø¶ - Ø¥Ø≤ •≥∞•£©°¨¨π ©Æ ¥®• !3%!.& +02%3)$%.4)!, $%#2%% $•∂I¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠, £≤•°¥• °Æ •Æ∂©≤ØÆ≠•Æ¥ ./1 "9& !3 !- %.$%$,& Ø∞∞Ø≤¥µÆ• ¶Ø≤ ¥®•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9( ). /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 2 ! ±µ°¨©¶©•§ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ∑©¨¨ ¢• ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• Ø¶ Ø¥®•≤ 02%&%2%.4)!, 2!4%3 °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥Ø ©≠∞Ø≤¥ #"5≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• #"5≥ Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ©Æ 4(%2%/. 5.$%2 4(% 0≤Øß≤°≠ °¥ °Æ °ÆÆµ°¨ ∂Ø¨µ≠• •±µ°¨ ¥Ø Ø≤ ¥®• £ØµÆ¥≤π ∞≤©≠°≤©¨π ¶Ø≤ !54/- /4)6% %80/24 ¨•≥≥ ¥®°Æ ¥®• ≥µ≠ Ø¶ "&((( µÆ©¥≥ ∞•≤ •∏∞Ø≤¥& ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ 02/'2!- ≠Ø§•¨ °Æ§CØ≤ ∂°≤©°Æ¥ ¥®°¥ ©¥ ≥••´≥ ¥Ø ©Æ£•Æ¥©∂•≥ µÆ§•≤ %1/1 2 ∞µ≤≥µ°Æ¥ ¥Ø %1/1 "9& ©≠∞Ø≤¥1 ! 0≤Øß≤°≠ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• °≤• •∏¥•Æ§•§ ¥Ø ¥®•≥• ≥•≤©•≥ Ø¶ ((& •≥¥°¢¨©≥®©Æß °¨¨Ø∑•§ ¥Ø ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ° £Ø≠¢©Æ°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥π∞•≥ Ø¶ °£¥©∂©¥©•≥ ° #Ø≠∞≤•®•Æ≥©∂• ≠Ø§•¨≥ °Æ§ ∂°≤©°Æ¥ ∞≤Ø∂©§•§ ¥®• °ÆÆµ°¨ )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ 0Ø¨©£π °Æ§ ∂Ø¨µ≠• §Ø•≥ ÆØ¥ •∏£••§ ¥®• $©≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• - Ø¥Ø≤ °¶Ø≤•≠•Æ¥©ØÆ•§ ¨©≠©¥1 4®• Æ•¥ ¶Ø≤•©ßÆ 6•®©£¨• $•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ •∏£®°Æß• •°≤Æ©Æß +.&%%, £®°≤ß•°¢¨• 0≤Øß≤°≠ °ß°©Æ≥¥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥≥ +#)& ¢°≥©≥, ØÆ ° ∞•≤ µÆ©¥ 2 °≠•Æ§≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ∑®Ø¨• ¢°≥©≥ ≥®°¨¨ £ØÆ¥©Æµ• µÆ¥©¨ ¥®• £≤•§©¥ ©≥ !ÆÆ•∏ H"K Ø¶ %/ •∏®°µ≥¥•§ °¶¥•≤ ∑®©£® ¥®• 0≤Øß≤°≠ +#ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥ ≥®°¨¨ ∞°π ¥®• ÆØ≤≠°¨ ¥°≤©¶¶ !µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• %∏∞Ø≤¥ ≤°¥•≥ ØÆ ©¥≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥≥1 0≤Øß≤°≠,& ≥•• %/ 2 ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ #"5≥ ≠µ≥¥ ÆØ¥ ¢• ¨Ø£°¨¨π °≥≥•≠¢¨•§ +≠Ø§•¨ °Æ§CØ≤ ∂°≤©°Æ¥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥°¥©ØÆ≥ °≤• ¨•≥≥ ¥®°Æ "&((( µÆ©¥≥ ∞•≤ π•°≤ ©Æ 9•°≤ ((, °Æ§ ¥®• ∞°≤¥©£©∞°¥©Æß £Ø≠∞°Æπ Ø∑Æ≥ ¥®• ¢≤°Æ§≥1 2 $•∞°≤¥≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ 4≤°§• °Æ§ )Æ§µ≥¥≤π +$4),C"Ø°≤§ Ø¶ )Æ∂•≥¥≠•Æ¥≥ +"/),

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9" §µ≤©Æß ¥®• •¶¶•£¥©∂©¥π Ø¶ ¥®• 0≤Øß≤°≠ ≠°π ≠Ø§©¶π ¥®• ≠©Æ©≠µ≠ ∂Ø¨µ≠• °Æ§ &/" ∂°¨µ• ∞•≤ µÆ©¥ °≥ ¥®• Æ••§ °≤©≥•≥ µ∞ØÆ £ØÆ≥µ¨¥°¥©ØÆ ∑©¥® ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π °Æ§ £ØÆ£•≤Æ•§ ßØ∂•≤Æ≠•Æ¥ °ß•Æ£©•≥1 2 .•¥ &Ø≤•©ßÆ %∏£®°Æß• %°≤Æ©Æß≥ +.&%%, ∞®°≥•§ §Ø∑Æ •∂•≤π π•°≤≥ ≥¥°≤¥©Æß °¥ L(( ©Æ "≥¥ °Æ§ Æ§ π•°≤ ©Æ ©Æ£≤•≠•Æ¥≥ Ø¶ L"((C π•°≤1 - ©≠©Æµ≠ ∂°¨µ• ≠µ≥¥ ¢• ¶Ø¨¨Ø∑•§& Ø¥®•≤∑©≥•& ÆØ .&%% £≤•§©¥•§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ ++ Ø¶ 2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +(ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& 2 ©Æ £ØÆ≥ØÆ°Æ£• ∑©¥® !≤¥©£¨•≥ °Æ§ $ Ø¶ J (ØÆ§° °≥ *°∞°Æ•≥• "##, )Æ£1 °Æ§ (ØÆ§° 0°≤¥≥ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ¥®• "°≥©£ !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• !)#/ +!3%!. £Ø≠∞°Æπ +!)#/ ≥£®•≠•≥ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ #ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ, 3£®•≠• Ø¶ !∞≤ •∏©≥¥©Æß °≤• ¥®°¥ Ø¶ /& $549 /. #%24!). 4®°©¨°Æ§ +(ØÆ§° !µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• "##9& ∞°≤¥©£©∞°¥©Æß £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ ©Æ ¥®• *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ N +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1 ,¥§1, £•≤¥°©Æ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ °∞∞≤Ø∂•§ (ØÆ§° !)#/ !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥≥ (ØÆ§°& 4ØπØ¥°& )≥µ∫µ& )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• +/%- , ≥®°¨¨ ±µ°¨©¶π ¶Ø≤ ( N = ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ¥°≤©¶¶ $•Æ≥Ø& .©≥≥°Æ& - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®©, 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤°¥•≥ ¥Ø ¢• •∏¥•Æ§•§ ¢π 4®°©¨°Æ§ °Æ§ ¥®• 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 (ØÆ§° #©∂©£1 4®°©¨°Æ§ +(ØÆ§° 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °≥ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°¥©Æß £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥22 !µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1& ,¥§1 ∑©¨¨ °≠•Æ§•§ ¥Ø = ØÆ ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ #/$% /& "#$%& !3 ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% ¥®• /%- Ø¶ (ØÆ§° !££Ø≤§& #©¥π& #©∂©£& 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& *°∫∫ °Æ§ #2'6 2©≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ ¥®• ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ 2!4%3 /. #%24!). ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤°¥•≥ ØÆ £•≤¥°©Æ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ µÆ§•≤

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% ¥®• (ØÆ§° !)#/ ≥£®•≠• !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, 3#(%- %& ). &!6/2 /& (/.$! #!23 0(),)00).%3& ).# +(/.$!, ' +#/% ./1 (/.$!C((C9

2 ©Æ £ØÆ≥ØÆ°Æ£• ∑©¥® !≤¥©£¨•≥ °Æ§ $ Ø¶ ¥®• "°≥©£ !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• !)#/ +!3%!. )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ #ØØ∞•≤°¥©ØÆ, 3£®•≠• Ø¶ !∞≤ "##9? (ØÆ§° !)#/ ≥£®•≠• Ø¶ (( %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ ++- Ø¶ 2 µÆ§•≤ ¥®• (ØÆ§° !)#/ !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥& 2 °∞∞¨©£°¢¨• !)#/ 0≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ 4°≤©¶¶ ØÆ J (ØÆ§° °≥ *°∞°Æ•≥• "##, ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +(ØÆ§° #°≤≥ /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ £Ø≠∞°Æπ +!)#/ ≥£®•≠•≥ !- %.$).' %8%#54)6% 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ °≠•Æ§•§ ¥Ø = •∏©≥¥©Æß °≤• ¥®°¥ Ø¶ /2$%2 ./1 %$& 3%2)%3 /& )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° +0141 (ØÆ§° 0≤Ø≥∞•£¥ - Ø¥Ø≤, *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ N °Æ§ - °¨°π≥©° +(ØÆ§° - °¨°π≥©° 3§Æ1 (ØÆ§°& 4ØπØ¥°& )≥µ∫µ& ((& %.4)4,%$ "®§1 °Æ§ (ØÆ§° !µ¥Ø∞°≤¥≥ $•Æ≥Ø& .©≥≥°Æ& - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®©, O- /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß P- Q 3§Æ1 "®§1, £•≤¥°©Æ /& $549 /. #%24!). /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥1 )Æ

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9 )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 •∏£®°Æß• )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° °Æ§ - °¨°π≥©° ∑©¨¨ 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ Ø¥®•≤ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥ C £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£1 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 2 ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©°D ∂°≤©Øµ≥ !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ 0°≤¥≥C#Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ &°£•& &≤ØÆ¥ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% "µ≠∞•≤& &°£• 22 "02 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 2 &≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°D 6°≤©Øµ≥ 2!4%3 /. #%24!). 0°≤¥≥C#Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥D 7 ®••¨ !≥≥•≠¢¨π& 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% 3¥••≤©Æß& 0°§ #Ø≠∞ 3¥≤ß 7 ®••¨ !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, 3#(%- %& ). &!6/2 /& (/.$! #!23 0(),)00).%3& ).#1 +(/.$!, ' +#/% ./1 (/.$! C ((( C "( C !,O %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ + * Ø¶ 2 °≤¥©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• £ØÆ∂•π°Æ£• Ø≤ 2 ≥°©§ °≤¥©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• "##, ∞°£´©Æß Ø¶ ßØØ§≥& Ø¶ ∞¨°≥¥©£≥? ≥¥Ø∞∞•≤≥& - Ø≥¥'&°∂Øµ≤•§'.°¥©ØÆ +- &., ©≠∞Ø≤¥ 2%$5#).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& ¨©§≥& £°∞≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ £¨Ø≥µ≤•≥& Ø¶ §µ¥π ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ∞•≤©Ø§ ©Æ °££Ø≤§°Æ£• )- 0/24 $549 /. ∞¨°≥¥©£≥? £ØÆ¥°©Æ•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ £Ø≠∞≤•≥≥•§ Ø≤ ∑©¥® ¥®• ≥£®•§µ¨• ©Æ§©£°¥•§ Ø∞∞Ø≥©¥• ¨©±µ•¶©•§ ß°≥& Ø¶ ©≤ØÆ Ø≤ ≥¥••¨ +•1ß& •°£® °≤¥©£¨• +≥£®•§ ÆØ¥ ©Æ§©£°¥•§ #/- 02%33%$ .!452!, ≥•°≠¨•≥≥ ≥¥••¨ £π¨©Æ§•≤≥& •∏£•∞¥ ¶Ø≤ ØÆ¨©Æ•, '!3 - /4/2 6%()#,%3 ,0',? °¨µ≠©Æ©µ≠ £ØÆ¥°©Æ•≤≥ ¶Ø≤ !.$ .!452!, '!3 £Ø≠∞≤•≥≥•§ Ø≤ ¨©±µ•¶©•§ ß°≥? ≥∞°≤´'©ßÆ©¥©ØÆ ≤•£©∞≤Ø£°¥©Æß Ø≤ ≤Ø¥°≤π

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9 6%()#,% ©Æ¥•≤Æ°¨ £Ø≠¢µ≥¥©ØÆ ∞©≥¥ØÆ •Æß©Æ•≥ ).$53429'2%,!4%$ +°Æ§ ∞°≤¥≥ ¥®•≤•Ø¶,? °©≤ Ø≤ ∂°£µµ≠ ∞µ≠∞≥& °©≤ Ø≤ Ø¥®•≤ ß°≥ £Ø≠∞≤•≥≥Ø≤≥ %15)0- %.4& 0!243 !.$ °Æ§ ¶°Æ≥? ∂•Æ¥©¨°¥©Æß Ø≤ ≤•£π£¨©Æß #/- 0/.%.43 5.$%2 ®ØØ§≥ ©Æ£Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©Æß ° ¶°Æ& ∑®•¥®•≤ Ø≤ 3%#4)/. "( /& 4(% ÆØ¥ ¶©¥¥•§ ∑©¥® ¶©¨¥•≤≥? £•Æ¥≤©¶µß•≥& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £•Æ¥≤©¶µß°¨ §≤π•≤≥? ¶©¨¥•≤©Æß 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 Ø≤ ∞µ≤©¶π©Æß ≠°£®©Æ•≤π °Æ§ °∞∞°≤°¥µ≥& #/$% /& "#$% ¶Ø≤ ¨©±µ©§≥ Ø≤ ß°≥•≥? ¥°∞≥& £Ø£´≥& ∂°¨∂•≥ +02%3)$%.4)!, $%#2%% °Æ§ ≥©≠©¨°≤ °∞∞¨©°Æ£•≥ ¶Ø≤ ∞©∞•≥& ¢Ø©¨•≤ ./1 "9,& !3 !- %.$%$ ≥®•¨¨≥& ¥°Æ´≥& ∂°¥≥ Ø≤ ¥®• ¨©´•& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ∞≤•≥≥µ≤•'≤•§µ£©Æß ∂°¨∂•≥ °Æ§ ¥®•≤≠Ø≥¥°¥©£°¨¨π £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨¨•§ ∂°¨∂•≥? 2 .°¥µ≤°¨ '°≥ 6•®©£¨• ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ¥•Æ 0≤Øß≤°≠ ¶Ø≤ 0µ¢¨©£ Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• §≤©∂•≤ +≠Ø¥Ø≤ ¢µ≥•≥,? ©Æ≥¥≤µ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ 4≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ +.'6004,& °∞∞°≤°¥µ≥ ¶Ø≤ ≠•°≥µ≤©Æß Ø≤ £®•£´©Æß ∑®©£® ∑°≥ ¨°µÆ£®•§ ØÆ "9 ¥®• ¶¨Ø∑& ¨•∂•¨& ∞≤•≥≥µ≤• Ø≤ Ø¥®•≤ /£¥Ø¢•≤ ((& °©≠≥ ¥Ø ∂°≤©°¢¨•≥ Ø¶ ¨©±µ©§≥ Ø≤ ß°≥•≥ +¶Ø≤ •Æ®°Æ£• •Æ•≤ßπ ≥µ∞∞¨π •∏°≠∞¨•& ¶¨Ø∑≠•¥•≤≥& ¨•∂•¨ ß°µß•≥& ≠°ÆØ≠•¥•≤≥& ®•°¥ ≠•¥•≤≥,? ß°≥& ¨©±µ©§ ≥•£µ≤©¥π ©Æ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø≤ •¨•£¥≤©£©¥π ≥µ∞∞¨π Ø≤ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥©ØÆ ≥•£¥Ø≤ ¥®≤Øµß® ¶µ•¨ ¶Ø≤ ≠•¥•≤≥& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß £°¨©¢≤°¥©Æß ≠•¥•≤≥ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ ¥®•≤•Ø¶? °µ¥Ø≠°¥©£ ≤•ßµ¨°¥©Æß Ø≤ £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨¨©Æß ©Æ≥¥≤µ≠•Æ¥≥ °Æ§ °∞∞°≤°¥µ≥ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ + Ø¶ 2K®π¢≤©§O Ø≤ ∞°≤¥¨π'•¨•£¥≤©£°¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ 2 ≥°©§ °≤¥©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• "##, ∑®©£® °≤• §••≠•§ ≠Ø≤• ∞Ø∑•≤¶µ¨ °Æ§ ≤°¥•≥ Ø¶ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ §µ¥π - &. °Æ§ !3%!. ' 2%$5#).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& ≠Ø≤• ¶µ•¨ •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ #Ø≠≠ØÆ %¶¶•£¥©∂• 0≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ 4°≤©¶¶ )- 0/24 $549 /. 2 £Ø≠∞¨•¥•¨π'´ÆØ£´•§ §Ø∑Æ +#+$, +#%04, ©Æ °££Ø≤§°Æ£• ∑©¥® ¥®• ≥£®•§µ¨• ©Æ§©£°¥•§ ©Æ #Ø¨µ≠Æ≥ °Æ§ Ø∞∞Ø≥©¥•

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9 #/- 0,%4%,9'+./#+%$'$ ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨π Ø¶ •°£® °≤¥©£¨• /7 . 0!243 !.$ ¨Ø∑ •Æß©Æ• §©≥∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ®π¢≤©§ 2 %/ •¶¶•£¥©∂• ¥®≤Øµß® " π•°≤& ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø #/- 0/.%.43 &/2 ∂•®©£¨•≥ +- Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≤•∂©•∑ !33%- ",9 /& ,/7 ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ¥•Æ Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& %.').% $)30,!#%- %.4 ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• §≤©∂•≤? ≠Ø¥Ø≤ £°≤≥ °Æ§ J - &. ' - Ø≥¥ &°∂Ø≤•§ .°¥©ØÆ N "'= !.$ (9"2)$ 6%()#,%3 Ø¥®•≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∞≤©Æ£©∞°¨¨π JJ #%04 ' #Ø≠≠ØÆ %¶¶•£¥©∂• 0≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ §•≥©ßÆ•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& 4°≤©¶¶ N = 2 ©Æ °££Ø≤§°Æ£• ¥Ø ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≥¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°ßØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≥∞Ø≤¥≥C JJJ $µ¥π ¶≤•• ¶Ø≤ ¥®• °≥≥•≠¢¨π Ø¶ ®π¢≤©§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ .Ø1 $& ≤°£©Æß £°≤≥? ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ °Æ§ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∑©¥® ≥•≤©•≥ Ø¶ "##%& ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ßØØ§≥ •1ß1& ¨Ø≤≤©•≥& ∂°Æ≥& •Æß©Æ• §©≥∞¨°£•≠•Æ¥ ÆØ¥ ≠Ø≤• ¥®°Æ ©Æ≥¥©¥µ¥©ØÆ°¨©∫©Æß ¥®• ∞©£´'µ∞ ¥≤µ£´≥, ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß #"5 ¶Ø≤ ≥°©§ "&((( ££ #Ø≠≠©¥¥•• ØÆ &µ•¨ ∂•®©£¨•≥ #ØÆ≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 2 #Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥& ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ C Ø≤ %¶¶©£©•Æ£π ©Æ 2Ø°§ °££•≥≥Ø≤©•≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ØÆ• Ø≤ 4≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥& °Æ§ ∑®©£® ≠Ø≤• £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¶Ø≤ °≥≥•≠¢¨π Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ¥°≤ß•¥≥ = ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ ©Æ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¢π ©Æ ¥®• ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨• ¶µ•¨ £ØÆ≥µ≠∞¥©ØÆ ¢π ≤Ø°§ §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ ∞≤Øß≤°≠ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ µ≥•≤≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 99

%/ "##)

%&&%#4 /. %8%#54)6% /2$%2 4)4,% #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ "# Ø¶ "##) 2 - Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ¥•Æ Ø≤ 2 ≥°©§ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ©≠∞Ø≥•§ 2 ≥µ∞∞Ø≥•§¨π ¥Ø ∞≤Ø≠Ø¥• 4%- 0/2!2),9 ).#2%!3).' ≠Ø≤• ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• §≤©∂•≤? ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ¥®• - Ø≥¥ &°∂Ø≤•§ .°¥©ØÆ +- &., ¥®• ™µ§©£©Øµ≥ £ØÆ≥•≤∂°¥©ØÆ 4(% 2!4%3 /& )- 0/24 $549 £°≤≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∞≤©Æ£©∞°¨¨π ≤°¥•≥ Ø¶ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ §µ¥π ©Æ °Æ§ •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ µ¥©¨©∫°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ /& ()'( %.').% §•≥©ßÆ•§ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& °££Ø≤§°Æ£• ∑©¥® ¥®• ≥£®•§µ¨• •Æ•≤ßπ ≤•≥Øµ≤£•≥ ¥®•≤•¢π $)30,!#%- %.4 #/- 0,%4%,9 ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≥¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°ßØÆ≥ °Æ§ ≥∞Ø≤¥≥C ≤°£©Æß ©Æ§©£°¥•§ Ø∞∞Ø≥©¥• •°£® °≤¥©£¨• °§Ø∞¥©Æß ¥®• ≠Ø≥¥ "5),4 50 6%()#,%3 5.$%2 £°≤≥? ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ +('= , £Ø≥¥'•¶¶•£¥©∂• Ø∞¥©ØÆ≥ 3%#4)/. "( /& 4(% 4!2)&& ßØØ§≥ •1ß1& ¨Ø≤≤©•≥& ∂°Æ≥& ∞©£´'µ∞ ¥≤µ£´≥? 2 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ¥Ø∑°≤§ ¥®• ∑©≥•≤ °Æ§ !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$% ≠Ø¥Ø≤£π£¨•≥ +©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≠Ø∞•§≥, °Æ§ £π£¨•≥ •¶¶•£¥©∂• ¶Ø≤ ° ∞•≤©Ø§ Ø¶ ØÆ• +", •¶¶©£©•Æ¥ µ≥• Ø¶ •Æ•≤ßπ +02%3)$%.4)!, $%#2%% ./1 ¶©¥¥•§ ∑C °Æ °µ∏©¨©°≤π ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∑©¥® Ø≤ ∑©¥®Øµ¥ "9& !3 !- %.$%$, ≥©§• £°≤≥? ≥©§•£°≤≥? ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß #"5 ¶Ø≤ ≥°©§ π•°≤ ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ≤•∂©•∑ +∑®°¥ ∂•®©£¨•≥S ®°∞∞•Æ•§ 2 ≥•• %/ #$ 2 2•ß©≥¥•≤•§ ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ µÆ§•≤ 2£ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¥Ø 2•∞µ¢¨©£ !£¥ .Ø1 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ .Ø1 °≥ %$# Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• ´ÆØ∑Æ °≥ ¥®• °≠•Æ§•§ ¢π %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• #¨•°Æ !©≤ !£¥ Ø¶ .Ø1 "& Ø¥®•≤∑©≥• ´ÆØ∑Æ °≥ "### ¥®• H!µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• %∏∞Ø≤¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠&K °≤• •∏•≠∞¥•§ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®©≥ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ +≥•• %/≥, %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ $# Ø¶ "##) 2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 2 ≥°©§ °≤¥©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• °££Ø≤§•§ J ≥µ¢'£Ø≠∞°£¥C £Ø≠∞°£¥C - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ °Æ§ 4ØπØ¥° !µ¥Ø∞°≤¥≥ (= ¥°≤©¶¶ +¢µ¥ ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ≠©§'≥©∫• £°≤≥

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9$ )- 0/24 $549 /. #%24!). 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& )Æ£1, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©° ±µ°¨©¶©£°¥©ØÆ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• 2µ¨•≥ Ø¶ J 4ØπØ¥° °≥ *°∞°Æ•≥• )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 +!≥≥•≠¢¨π 3•≤∂©£•≥ 3§Æ1 "®§1, £•≤¥°©Æ /≤©ß©Æ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• #%04, £Ø≠∞°Æπ +!)#/ ≥£®•≠•≥ 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• +/%- , 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥ C £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° •∏©≥¥©Æß °≤• ¥®°¥ Ø¶ /& "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$ ). )ÆÆØ∂°1 )Æ •∏£®°Æß•& - °¨°π≥©° +!≥≥•≠¢¨π *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ N /2$%2 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% 3•≤∂©£•≥ 3§Æ1 "®§1, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• (ØÆ§°& 4ØπØ¥°& )≥µ∫µ& 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥ $•Æ≥Ø& .©≥≥°Æ& - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®©, 2!4%3 /. #%24!). ∞°≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• /%- Ø¶ 4ØπØ¥° )ÆÆØ∂°& 6©Ø≥& 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% #°≠≤π °Æ§ #Ø≤Ø¨¨° !3%!. ).$5342)!, 2 ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©°& ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, 0°≥≥•Æß•≤ #°≤≥ 22 ≠µ§ßµ°≤§≥ +±µ°≤¥•≤ 3#(%- %& ). &!6/2 /& 4/9/4! - /4/2 0(),)00).%3 ∞°Æ•¨ ≤≤ ≤® ¨®,& ¨°≠∞ °≥≥π&¨©£•Æ≥• ∞¨°¥• +≤® #/20/2!4)/. !.$ 4/9/4! ¨®,& ¶≤ØÆ¥ ∑©∞•≤ +°≤≠& ¢¨°§•& ≤® ¨®,& °≠∞¨©¶©•≤ !54/0!243 0(),)00).%3& °≥≥π& °©≤ £ØÆ§©¥©ØÆ•≤& £Ø≠∞µ¥•≤& •Æß©Æ• ).#1 +4/9/4!, ' #/% ./1 £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨& ≤•¨°π 4/9/4! C (( C " 2 ¶≤Ø≠ - °¨°π≥©°& ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° #°≠≤π 2 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ 0°≥≥•Æß•≤ #°≤≥22 ¨©Æ´ °≥≥π +∞Ø∑•≤ ≥¥••≤©Æß,& ≠Øµ¨§©Æß ¶Ø≤ ¶≤ØÆ¥C ≤•°≤ ¢µ≠∞•≤ °Æ§ ¶≤ØÆ¥C ≤•°≤ §ØØ≤ ≤® ¨®& ©Æ≥•≤¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ≤•≥∞•£¥©∂• §ØØ≤≥& ¶≤ØÆ¥ ∑©∞•≤ °≤≠ °Æ§ ¢¨°§• ≤® ¨®& £Ø≠∞µ¥•≤ •Æß©Æ• £ØÆ¥≤Ø¨ ≤•¨°π

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9%

%/ "##*

%&&%#4 /. %8%#54)6% /2$%2 4)4,% #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ %% Ø¶ "##* 2 - Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 2 ≥°©§ ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• J •≠∞®°≥©≥ ØÆ ®π¢≤©§ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ¥•Æ Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• ≤°¥•≥ Ø¶ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ §µ¥π )- 0/24 $549 /. #/- 0/.%.43& ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ¥®• §≤©∂•≤? P- Ø≥¥'&°∂Øµ≤•§'.°¥©ØÆ +- &., °Æ§ 0!243 !.$ !##%33/2)%3 &/2 4(% ≠Ø¥Ø≤ £°≤≥ °Æ§ Ø¥®•≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ !≥≥Ø£©°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 3Øµ¥®•°≥¥ !≥©°Æ .°¥©ØÆ≥ !33%- ",9 /& (9"2)$& %,%#42)#& ∂•®©£¨•≥ ∞≤©Æ£©∞°¨¨π §•≥©ßÆ•§ +!3%!., ' #Ø≠≠ØÆ %¶¶•£¥©∂• &,%8)",% &5%, !.$ #/- 02%33%$ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ ∞•≤≥ØÆ≥& 0≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ 4°≤©¶¶ +#%04, .!452!, '!3 - /4/2 6%()#,%3 ©Æ£¨µ§©Æß ≥¥°¥©ØÆ ∑°ßØÆ≥ °Æ§ J ®π¢≤©§ +•¨•£¥≤©£ °Æ§ ß°≥Ø¨©Æ•C§©•≥•¨,& 5.$%2 3%#4)/. "( /& 4(% ≥∞Ø≤¥≥C ≤°£©Æß £°≤≥? ≠Ø¥Ø≤ •¨•£¥≤©£& ¶¨•∏'¶µ•¨ +¢©Ø•¥®°ÆØ¨ °Æ§ 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& ∂•®©£¨•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ Ø¶ "#$%& !3 !- %.$%$ ßØØ§≥ •1ß1& ¨Ø≤≤©•≥& ∂°Æ≥& ∞©£´'µ∞ ¢©Ø'§©•≥•¨, °Æ§ #Ø≠∞≤•≥≥•§ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ¥≤µ£´≥ ß°≥ +#.', ∂•®©£¨•≥1°≤• °££Ø≤§•§ :%2/ 2 £ØÆÆ•£¥•§ ¥Ø %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ $ 22#"5≥C £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥& ∞°≤¥≥ ¥°≤©¶¶ ¢µ¥ Ø¥®•≤≥ '' - &. "'= & #%04 +≥1 "##%, ¥°≤ß•¥©Æß ° = ≤•§µ£¥©ØÆ °Æ§CØ≤ °££•≥≥Ø≤©•≥ ©≠∞Ø≤¥•§ = ©Æ ¶µ•¨ £ØÆ≥µ≠∞¥©ØÆ ¢π ≤Ø°§ ¶≤Ø≠ ØÆ• Ø≤ ≠Ø≤• £ØµÆ¥≤©•≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥≤°Æ≥∞Ø≤¥ µ≥•≤≥? °Æ§ %∏•£µ¥©∂• °≥≥•≠¢¨π Ø¶ ∂•®©£¨•≥J ¢π /≤§•≤ "9 +≥1 ((, •≥¥°¢¨©≥®©Æß ° ∞°≤¥©£©∞°Æ¥≥ ©Æ ¥®• £Ø≠≠•≤£©°¨ O#Ø≠∞≤•®•Æ≥©∂• )Æ§µ≥¥≤©°¨ 0Ø¨©£π ∂•®©£¨• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠ °Æ§ $©≤•£¥©ØÆ≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• - Ø¥Ø≤ 6•®©£¨• J ®π¢≤©§ +•¨•£¥≤©£ °Æ§ $•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ 0≤Øß≤°≠O ∞≤Ø∂©§•≥ ¶Ø≤ ß°≥Ø¨©Æ•C§©•≥•¨,& •¨•£¥≤©£& ¥®• §•∂•¨Ø∞≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ¶¨•∏'¶µ•¨ +¢©Ø•¥®°ÆØ¨ °Æ§ ¢©Ø'§©•≥•¨, °Æ§ #Ø≠∞≤•≥≥•§

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers 9# °≥ ¥®• ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß ®µ¢ ¶Ø≤ Æ°¥µ≤°¨ ß°≥ +#.', ∂•®©£¨•≥1 £•≤¥°©Æ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥& ∞°≤¥≥ °Æ§ £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 9 Ø¶ "##* 2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ °≥ ° ∞°≤¥©£©∞°¥©Æß 2 ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø J $•Æ≥Ø °≥ *°∞°Æ•≥• - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 /& $549 £ØµÆ¥≤π ©Æ ¥®• °∞∞≤Ø∂•§ !)#/ #Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥& )Æ£1, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ £Ø≠∞°Æπ +!)#/ ≥£®•≠•≥ /. #%24!). )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !≤≤°Æß•≠•Æ¥ Ø¶ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ• !µ¥Ø 4®°©¨°Æ§ +$•Æ≥Ø +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1& ,¥§1, •∏©≥¥©Æß °≤• ¥®°¥ Ø¶ !3 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% 4!2)&& #Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥& )Æ£1 +0!#), °¨ØÆß £•≤¥°©Æ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ *°∞°Æ•≥• £Ø≠∞°Æ©•≥ N !.$ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 ∑©¥® 4®°©¨°Æ§ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• +/%- , ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ (ØÆ§°& 4ØπØ¥°& )≥µ∫µ& !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ 2 ©Æ¥•≤≠•§©°¥• +≠Ø¥Ø≤ ¶Ø≤ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥& °≥ ≥∞•£©¶©•§ ©Æ $•Æ≥Ø& .©≥≥°Æ& - ©¥≥µ¢©≥®©, )- 0,%- %.4 4(% 02%&%2%.4)!, °≥≥•≠¢¨π ∑C ¶°Æ& ≥®≤Øµ§ !ÆÆ•∏ O!O1 )Æ •∏£®°Æß•& 4®°©¨°Æ§ 4!2)&& 2!4%3 /. #%24!). +$•Æ≥Ø )Æ¥•≤Æ°¥©ØÆ°¨ +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1& 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% !3%!. °≥≥•≠¢¨π& ¶°Æ °≥≥π& £ØØ¨©Æß µÆ©¥ ,¥§1, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, °≥≥π& •∂°∞Ø≤°¥Ø≤& £Ø≤• £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 3#(%- % £ØÆ§•Æ≥•≤& ∞µ¨¨•π °≥≥π ©§¨•& ¥®• /%- Ø¶ ≠Ø¥Ø≤ ∂•®©£¨•≥ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• °¶Ø≤•≠•Æ¥©ØÆ•§ !(4. ®•°§©Æß≥ ¨Ø∑•≤ °Æ§ µ∞∞•≤ ¥°Æ´& £Ø≤• 2 °≠•Æ§≠•Æ¥ ≥∞•£©¶©•§ °≤¥©£¨•≥ ¥Ø ¢• 2 "°≥©£ !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ ØÆ ¥®• !)#/ ≥µ¢'°≥≥π, °Æ§ ¶©Æ°¨ +≠°ßÆ•¥Ø& °££Ø≤§•§ (= ∞≤•¶•≤•Æ¥©°¨ ¥°≤©¶¶ ≤°¥• 3£®•≠• ≥©ßÆ•§ ©Æ 3©Æß°∞Ø≤• ØÆ $ ≥¥°≤¥•≤& ß¨Ø∑ ∞¨µß, /%- ∞°≤¥≥ !∞≤©¨ "##9? 0≤Ø¥Ø£Ø¨ ¥Ø !≠•Æ§ ¥®• ¶≤Ø≠ $•Æ≥Ø 4®°©¨°Æ§ "°≥©£ !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ ØÆ ¥®• !)#/ 3£®•≠• ≥©ßÆ•§ ©Æ 3©Æß°∞Ø≤• ØÆ " !∞≤©¨ (( 2 $•Æ≥Ø !)#/

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers $(

%/ "##

%8%#54)6% /2$%2 %&&%#4 /. #/6%2!'% - !). #/.4%.4 4)4,% !54/ ).$53429 %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 9"$ Ø¶ °≤¥©£¨•≥ µÆ§•≤ !ÆÆ•∏ ! ÆØ¥ °∂°©¨°¢¨• 2 °≤¥©£¨•≥ '≤°Æ¥•§ :•≤Ø +(= , !&4!'#%04 "## #ØÆ£•≥≥©ØÆ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 2 °≤¥©£¨•≥ ≥∞•£©¶©£°¨¨π ¨©≥¥•§ ©Æ !ÆÆ•∏ O!O /& $549 /. #%24!). ®•≤•Ø¶ +!≤¥©£¨•≥ '≤°Æ¥•§ :•≤Ø +(= , )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 02/6)$%$ &/2 5.$%2 !&4!'#%04 #ØÆ£•≥≥©ØÆ µÆ§•≤ ¥®• !3%!. 4(% 4!2)&& !.$ &≤°≠•∑Ø≤´ !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• )Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ #534/- 3 #/$% /& "#$%& Ø¶ 0≤©Ø≤©¥π 3•£¥Ø≤≥,& °≥ £¨°≥≥©¶©•§ µÆ§•≤ !3 !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 3•£¥©ØÆ "( Ø¶ ¥®• 4°≤©¶¶ °Æ§ #µ≥¥Ø≠≥ 4/ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% #/- - )4- %.4 4/ #Ø§• Ø¶ "#$%& °≥ °≠•Æ§•§& ≥®°¨¨ ¢• 2%$5#% 4(% #/- - /. ≥µ¢™•£¥ ¥Ø ¥®• !3%!. #%04 ≤°¥• ©Æ§©£°¥•§ %&&%#4)6% ©Æ #Ø¨µ≠Æ Ø¶ !ÆÆ•∏ O!O1 4®• !3%!. 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& 2!4%3 /& #%24!). #%04 ≤°¥•≥ ≥Ø ©Æ§©£°¥•§ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• °££Ø≤§•§ 02/$5#43 4/ :%2/ ¥Ø ©≠∞Ø≤¥≥ £Ø≠©Æß ¶≤Ø≠ !3%!. - •≠¢•≤ 0%2#%.4 5.$%2 4(% 3¥°¥•≥ °∞∞¨π©Æß #%04 £ØÆ£•≥≥©ØÆ ¥Ø ¥®• !3%!. &2!- %7 /2+ ≥°≠• ∞≤Ø§µ£¥≥ ∞µ≤≥µ°Æ¥ ¥Ø !≤¥©£¨• Ø¶ ¥®• !'2%%- %.4 &/2 4(% ).4%'2!4)/. /& #%04 !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ °Æ§ ©¥≥ )Æ¥•≤∞≤•¥°¥©∂• 02)/2)49 3%#4/23 .Ø¥•≥1

2 !3%!. &≤°≠•∑Ø≤´

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers $" !ß≤••≠•Æ¥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• )Æ¥•ß≤°¥©ØÆ Ø¶ 0≤©Ø≤©¥π 3•£¥Ø≤≥ +.Ø∂ (( °¥ 6©•Æ¥©°Æ•,& °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ©Æ§µ≥¥≤π ¢•©Æß " Ø¶ ¥®• "" ∞≤©Ø≤©¥π ≥•£¥Ø≤≥ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 9$$ Ø¶ 2 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 2 ≥°©§ °≤¥©£¨•≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• °££Ø≤§•§ ¥®• !)#/ "## #Ø≤∞Ø≤°¥©ØÆ, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° ≤°¥• Ø¶ (= - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 +041 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß /& $549 /. #%24!). )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°, £•≤¥°©Æ Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• +/%- , °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ #°≠≤π °Æ§ 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 #Ø≤Ø¨¨°1 )Æ •∏£®°Æß•& )Æ§ØÆ•≥©° +041 #/$% /& "#$%& !3 4ØπØ¥° - Ø¥Ø≤ - °Æµ¶°£¥µ≤©Æß )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°, !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ )- 0,%- %.4 4(% £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& /%- Ø¶ +©™°Æß )ÆÆØ∂° 2!4%3 /. #%24!). 2 ¶≤Ø≠ )Æ§ØÆ•≥©°& /%- °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥C 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ 4ØπØ¥° #Ø≤Ø¨¨° ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, £°≤& #°≠≤π ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤& °Æ§ )ÆÆØ∂° ≥•• 3#(%- %& ). &!6/2 /& %/ °ÆÆ•∏ ∏£¨, 4/9/4! - /4/2 0(),)00).%3 #/20/2!4)/.? 4/9/4! !54/0!243 0(),)00).%3& ).#1 +#/% ./31 4/9/4! C ((9 C !.$ 4/9/4! C

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers $ ((9 C 9,

2 4ØπØ¥° !)#/ %∏•£µ¥©∂• /≤§•≤ 9$# Ø¶ 2©Æ¥•≤≠•§©°¥• ∞°≤¥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ 2 ≥°©§ /%- ∞°≤¥≥C £Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ≥®°¨¨ ¢• "## ∞°≥≥•Æß•≤ £°≤≥ ≥•• %/ °ÆÆ•∏ ∏£¨ °££Ø≤§•§ ¥®• !)#/ ≤°¥• Ø¶ (= ØÆ - /$)&9).' 4(% 2!4%3 2 ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ +(ØÆ§° #°≤≥ 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥& ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ °≥ /& $549 /. #%24!). )Æ£1, ∑©¨¨ ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ 4®°©¨°Æ§ +(ØÆ§° ≥∞•£©¶©•§ ©Æ #Ø¨µ≠Æ $ ¥®•≤•Ø¶ )- 0/24%$ !24)#,%3 !3 02/6)$%$ 5.$%2 4(% !µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1& ,¥§1, £•≤¥°©Æ 4!2)&& !.$ #534/- 3 Ø≤©ß©Æ°¨ •±µ©∞≠•Æ¥ ≠°Æµ¶°£¥µ≤• +/%- , #/$% /& "#$%& !3 °µ¥Ø≠Ø¥©∂• ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ (ØÆ§° !- %.$%$& ). /2$%2 4/ #©∂©£1 )Æ •∏£®°Æß•& 4®°©¨°Æ§ +(ØÆ§° )- 0,%- %.4 4(% 02%&%2%.4)!, 4!2)&& !µ¥Ø≠Ø¢©¨• +4®°©¨°Æ§, #Ø1& ,¥§1, ∑©¨¨ 2!4%3 /. #%24!). ©≠∞Ø≤¥ ¶≤Ø≠ ¥®• 0®©¨©∞∞©Æ•≥ 02/$5#43 5.$%2 4(% £Ø≠∞¨•≠•Æ¥°≤π ∞°≤¥≥C£Ø≠∞ØÆ•Æ¥≥ ¶Ø≤ ¥®• !3%!. ).$5342)!, #//0%2!4)/. +!)#/, /%- Ø¶ (ØÆ§° #©∂©£ °Æ§ #2'6≥ 3#(%- %& ). &!6/2 /& (/.$! #!23 0(),)00).%3& ).#1 +#/% ./1 (/.$! C (($C %,

2 (ØÆ§° !)#/

AMRC - Capital Mobility in the Philippine Automotive Industry and its Impact on Workers $