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0306 Volume 6 Nomor 1 Januari – Juni 2018 ISSN ISSN 2338 - 0306 Jurnal METAMORFOSA Volume 6 Nomor 1 Januari – Juni 2018 ISSN Diterbitkan Oleh: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena ISSN 2338-0306 JURNAL METAMORFOSA Volume 6 Nomor 1 Januari – Juni 2018 Pelindung Ketua STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh Lili Kasmini Penasehat Aprian Subhananto Ketua LP2M STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh Penanggungjawab/Ketua Penyunting Ketua Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Sekretaris Penyunting Sekretaris Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah Penyunting Ramli (Universitas Syiah Kuala) Isthifa Kemal (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh) Khadijah (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh) Ernawati Br Surbakti (Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe) Rika Kustina (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh) Atika Wasilah (Universitas Negeri Medan) Gio Mohamad Johan (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh) Yusrawati JR Simatupang (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh) Sekretariatan Rika Kustina Desain Sampul Eka Novendra Web Designer Achyar Munandar Alamat Redaksi Jl. Tanggul Krueng Aceh No 34, Desa Rukoh, Darussalam-Banda Aceh Surel: [email protected] Laman: metamorfosa.stkipgetsempena.ac.id ISSN 2338-0306 PENGANTAR PENYUNTING Puji syukur kita panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, atas rahmat-Nya maka Jurnal Metamorfosa, Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah, STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh, Volume 6 Nomor 1 Januari – Juni 2018 dapat diterbitkan. Dalam volume kali ini, Jurnal Metamorfosa menyarikan hasil karya 10 (sepuluh) tulisan, yaitu: 1. Makna Leksem dalam Istilah Perkawinan Budaya Gayo, merupakan hasil penelitian Harfiandi dan Rismawati (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 2. Segmentasi Gender dalam Novel Nalya Karya Djenar Maesa Ayu, merupakan hasil penelitian Ajeng Tina Mulyana (Universitas MH. Thamrin). 3. Interferensi Morfologis Bahasa Simeulue dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Karangan Narasi pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 10 Simeulue Tengah, merupakan hasil penelitian Gio Mohamad Johan dan Rindawati (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 4. Potret Kemiskinan dalam Antologi Cerpen Keumala Karya Ramajani Sinaga, merupakan hasil penelitian Hendra Kasmi (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 5. Peranan Model Inkuiri Sebagai Solusi Alternatif dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indoensia Siswa SMA, merupakan hasil penelitian Khadijah (SMA Negeri 8 Banda Aceh). 6. Analisi Kearifan dalam Novel The Gate Of Heaven Karya R. H. Fitriadi, merupakan hasil penelitian Rismawati (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 7. Interferensi Morfologi Bahasa Devayan Terhadap Bahasa Indonesia, merupakan hasil penelitian Wahidah Nasution dan Riska Laila Ramayanti (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 8. Kemampuan Menentukan Nilai-nilai Religius Pada Novel Pudarnya Pesona Cleopatra Karya Habiburrahman El Shirazy oleh Mahasiswa PBSID Semester I STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, merupakan hasil penelitian Teuku Mahmud (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 9. Analisis Kesalahan Ejaan pada Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa Bahasa Indonesia STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh, merupakan hasil penelitian Rika Kustina (STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh). 10. Kemampuan Siswa Kelas XII SMAN 3 Banda Aceh Menyimpulkan Pesan-pesan dalam Gurindam Dua Belas Karya Ali Haji, merupakan hasil penelitian Iba Harliyana (Universitas Malikussaleh) Akhirnya penyunting berharap semoga jurnal edisi kali ini dapat menjadi warna tersendiri bagi bahan literature bacaan bagi kita semua yang peduli terhadap dunia pendidikan. Banda Aceh, Januari 2018 Ketua Penyunting DAFTAR ISI Halaman Kata Pengantar Harfiandi dan Rismawati 1 Makna Leksem dalam Istilah Perkawinan Budaya Gayo Ajeng Tina Mulyana 13 Segmentasi Gender dalam Novel Nalya Karya Djenar Maesa Ayu Gio Mohamad Johan dan Rindawati 27 Interferensi Morfologis Bahasa Simeulue dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Karangan Narasi pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 10 Simeulue Tengah Hendra Kasmi 40 Potret Kemiskinan dalam Antologi Cerpen Keumala Karya Ramajani Sinaga Khadijah 50 Peranan Model Inkuiri Sebagai Solusi Alternatif dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indoensia Siswa SMA Rismawati 61 Analisi Kearifan dalam Novel The Gate Of Heaven Karya R. H. Fitriadi Wahidah Nasution dan Riska Laila Ramayanti 73 Interferensi Morfologi Bahasa Devayan Terhadap Bahasa Indonesia Teuku Mahmud 84 Kemampuan Menentukan Nilai-nilai Religius Pada Novel Pudarnya Pesona Cleopatra Karya Habiburrahman El Shirazy oleh Mahasiswa PBSID Semester I STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Rika Kustina 95 Analisis Kesalahan Ejaan pada Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa Bahasa Indonesia STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh Iba Harliyana 103 Kemampuan Siswa Kelas XII SMAN 3 Banda Aceh Menyimpulkan Pesan-pesan dalam Gurindam Dua Belas Karya Ali Haji MAKNA LEKSEM DALAM ISTILAH PERKAWINAN BUDAYA GAYO Harfiandi dan Rismawati STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Email : [email protected] Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang makna leksem dalam istilah perkawinan budaya Gayo. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah warga masyarakat Gayo yang berdomisili di Kecamatan Bebesen, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Warga tersebut ditentukan sebagai informan sebanyak 5 orang. Adapun syarat-syarat warga Dataran Tinggi Gayo ini yang menjadi informan, yaitu (1) bersuku Gayo yang dilengkapi dengan KTP, (2) tergolong dalam kalangan tua, (3) sering terlibat dalam pelaksanaan acara perkawinan budaya Gayo, (4) bersikap ramah, jujur, serta terbuka, dan (5) memiliki waktu yang cukup untuk didata. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak, cakap, dan introspeksi. Teknik pengolahan data dilakukan dengan analisis pada makna konseptual dan makna asosiatif dalam istilah-istilah perkawinan budaya Gayo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, makna leksem dalam perkawinan budaya Gayo ditemukan sebanyak 15 leksem. Leksem yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini memiliki kelas, yaitu nominal, ajektiva, dan verbal. Masing-masing leksem pada perkawinan budaya Gayo memiliki variasi makna. 15 leksem memiliki makna konseptual dan 10 leksem memiliki makna asosiatif. Kata Kunci: Leksem, Makna Konseptual, Makna Asosiatif, Istilah Perkawinan Budaya Gayo. Abstract This research aims to describe the lexeme meaning on the term of Gayonese marriage. The research approach is conducted qualitatively. The subjects are 5 Gayonese who live in the District Bebesen, Aceh Tengah. They must be as (1) a Gayonese proven by ID card, (2) an older Gayonese, (3) involved in the wedding of Gayo culture, (4) being friendly, honest and active, and (5) have enough time to be recorded. The data collection method is interview and observation. The conceptual and associative meaning of Gayonese marriage culture is used as a data analysis technique. Based of the research, there are 15 lexemes meaning found as Gayonese marriage. Lexems that were found in the study have word class, namely noun, adjective, and verb. Each lexem has different variation in meanings, there are 15 lexems with conceptual meaning and 10 lexems with associative meaning as others. Keywords: Lexem, Conceptual Meaning, Associative Meaning, Term of Gayonese Marriage PENDAHULUAN makna asosiatif. Makna konseptual Penelitian ini berfokus pada makna meliputi denotatif, leksikal, dan referensial, leksem dalam istilah perkawinan budaya sedangkan makna asosiatif terkait dengan Gayo. Hal tersebut akan dikaji berdasarkan konotatif. Bagian-bagian tersebut distribusi makna yang terkandung dalam dideskripsi-kan secara khusus dalam perkawinan budaya Gayo. Distribusi makna budaya Gayo. Tidak semua makna leksem berkenaan dengan makna konseptual dan dalam istilah bahasa Gayo dapat dipahami Jurnal Metamorfosa Volume 6 Nomor 1, Januari 2018 |1 oleh sebagian kalangan masyarakat Gayo. kurang apresiasi positif terhadap makna Banyak istilah yang tidak dipahami secara leksem dalam istilah perkawinan budaya mendasar khususnya dalam situasi Gayo. perkawinan budaya Gayo oleh sebagian Makna yang sangat berarti bagi kalangan masyarakat Gayo. sekelompok masyarakat seharusnya Namun, mereka sering mendengar dipahami karena menyangkut dengan istilah-istilah pada penggunaan tersebut. budaya. Sebagaimana yang dikatakan Lebih-lebih istilah masyarakat Gayo Setiadi dan Kolip (2011: 127), nilai budaya diujarkan kepada generasi-generasi muda. menjadi acuan tingkah laku sebagian besar Pemahaman mereka semakin kabur dan ada anggota masyarakat yang bersangkutan. yang tidak mengetahui sama sekali ketika Hal ini menunjukkan salah satu jenis mendengar leksem-leksem dalam keanekaragaman budaya yang memiliki perkawinan budaya Gayo. Hal ini dapat keunikan termasuk pada leksem dalam dikatakan bahwa kalangan yang demikian istilah perkawinan budaya Gayo. Keunikan mengalami kekaburan dan kehilangan pada budaya atau bahasa sangat menarik salah satu unsur identitas sebagai dipahami karena dapat mencerminkan masyarakat Gayo. watak, karakter, dan sikap kesukuan atau Masyarakat setempat (Gayo) kedaerahan. idealnya memahami makna istilah dalam Berdasarkan uraian yang telah perkawinan budaya Gayo yang dimiliki. dikemukakan sebelumnya, masalah- Jika tidak dipahami oleh masyarakat Gayo, masalah yang diungkapkan tersebut perlu siapa lagi yang memahami makna bahasa mendapat perhatian yang cukup serius dari warga Dataran Tinggi Gayo. Setiap untuk mempertahankan pemahaman bahasa penutur asli sebagaimana mestinya harus terutama pada leksem dalam istilah mengetahui
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