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Description of Dolichodorus Cobbi N. Sp. (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae) with Morphometrics and Lectotype Designation of D

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Description of Dolichodorus Cobbi N. Sp. (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae) with Morphometrics and Lectotype Designation of D Journal of Nematology 18(4):556-562. 1986. © The Society of Nematologists 1986. Description of Dolichodorus cobbi n. sp. (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae) with Morphometrics and Lectotype Designation of D. heterocephalus Cobb, 19141 A. MORGAN GOLDEN, 2 ZAFAR A. HANDOO, 3 AND E. J. WEHUNT 4 Abstract: Dolichodorus cobbi n. sp. is described and illustrated from soil around roots of "woods" on the Stanley Farm, Scott County, Arkansas. This species is distinguishable from others of the genus by its short tail projection. It is most closely related to D. marylandicus but differs in having a short tail projection, longer stylet, greater body length, larger c value, and also in position of excretory pore. A limited number of Cobb's original specimens and drawings of D. heterocephalus were examined. A lectotype and paralectotype were designated to establish the taxonomic base for the genus. Cobb's original modified labeled drawing of D. heterocephalus is also included. Morpho- metric data on D. heterocephalus from the type locality and several other populations are given. Some variations in female tail shape, body length, and stylet length were noted. Key words: taxonomy, morphology, new species, Dolichodorus, woods. The genus Dolichodorus was erected by from Arkansas, designate a lectotype olD. N. A. Cobb (3) in 1914 when he described heterocephalus, and also present detailed D. heterocephalus from fresh water at Silver morphometric data on D. heterocephalus Springs, Florida, and Douglas Lake, Mich- from its type locality and several other pop- igan. For many years no other species was ulations. • added to the genus until 1957-58 when D. MATERIALS AND METHODS obtusus Allen (1) and D. similis Golden (5) were added. Since then, more species have Specimens from Arkansas were sent by been described and placed in this genus. E. J. Wehunt to A. Morgan Golden for In 1976 Andrassy (2) established Neodoli- species identification in June 1984 and chodorus for the species with bluntly round- April 1985. These specimens represented ed tail and four lines in the lateral field and an undescribed species and were obtained designated D. obtusus the type and only from soil around roots in "woods" in Scott species. Siddiqi (8) in 1977 shifted five oth- County, Arkansas. Specimens of D. hetero- er species from Dolichodorus to Neodolicho- cephalus examined included slides depos- dorus. In 1981 Lewis and Golden (7) de- ited in the USDA Nematode Collection by scribed D. marylandicus from grass in different workers from three sites in Flor- College Park, Maryland, and also gave a ida and from East Wareham, Massachu- key to genera of Dolichodorinae and nine setts. Records indicated Cobb's specimens species of Dolichodorus. Recently Smart and were treated in "Flemming solution to Khuong (9) described D. miradvulvus from glycerine." They were in good condition Anubias nana Engler in Florida and gave a and were remounted individually in glyc- key to the 13 species of the genus. We de- erine on glass slides. Males and females were scribe here a new species of Dolichodorus recovered from soil by sieving followed by Baermann funnel extraction, heat relaxed in an oven at 43 C for 12 minutes, and Received for publication 11 November 1985. fixed in 3 % formaldehyde. Procedures used This research was conducted a~USDA, Beltsville, Mary- in measuring, drawing, and preparing land, and was supported in part through a USDA Cooperative specimens were the same as those used by Agreement with the University of Maryland, College Park. 2 Nematologist, Systematic Botany, Mycology, and Nema- Golden and Birchfield (6). All measure- tology Laboratory, Biosystematics and Beneficial Insects In- ments are in micrometers (#m) unless oth- stitute, USDA ARS, Behsville, MD 20705. Staff Research Associate/Nematologist, Department of erwise stated. Botany, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. SYSTEMATICS Research Plant Pathologist, USDA ARS, South Central Family Farms Research Center, Rt. 2, Box 144-A, Booneville, Dolichodorus cobbi n. sp. AR 72927. The authors thank Lorin Krusberg for his assistance and (Figs. 1-16) cooperation and Donna M. S. Ellington, Support Scientist, Female (1 l): Length 1,948-2,993 (mean and Paula Crowley, Laboratory Technician, Systematic Bot- any, Mycology, and Nematology Laboratory, USDA ARS, 2,434.6, standard deviation [SD] 39.3); Behsville, MD 20705, for their technical assistance. width 39.5-60.2 (52.4, SD 7.1); a = 36.8- 556 Dolichodorus Taxonomy, Morphology: Golden et al. 557 i:::: B :: ]! :? I Illlll :: ~: ::::: llllm ~<~ ::: II ~ ~ ::? lllll '+@" :::: iilU L_;s. ~,'~ +:; .... ::"--'2 ,-~:-~:.:,%.. ~ k: U.. .:~:. :...~ -,,.T~ ~ .>-~.;,-, ~,-,'. o. •u. ~ ,:~ ~~:1 ~,"0 .0 ..;.:<. ~, ..'~ ~.;~ ~::" ;.(-',.'k't ~J#.'. ~ ~ ~:'o.~-:,', v-'--' ~'. ."''.. ,,. o4~ ~ ~, $ ~~ ,+ , .:, #+,,,,2~ .,++ + dLn O .. 5 ¢, • +,+ ~+ , ,y; I < "" .::::1 • 4:: ::.:: I +;:k ,,:. ::;. , .... ::: ::::I • '::: ;::il 3 7:; C:; :L: I ' "::1 ':::1 ";;; ""::I ' ':: ~:1 5 0/J,m Jfl.. .":~] ,1:1:".... :::. , , :::. - , ';:: ":'-:I ,,~l,liA, -.i. UQ-lti t.... 77: :iiii ;~ I:::' • • 4:: ":::l " l:i : . I:::- • -::: .:::i 2 5 ill m ~'. ":::~'. 117:: ~7.. .~ I: , ?:7:..... ::::I::-; <"< _.._a.._ __" -::: .::I_, ~, , 2,3,5-7 +,+f .iJi +! ',# ~, y."-j , I ~..+ j , ~ ~9 t,~. "s I ,;----/ ,~:'.;c,'.'/ ~.q,.c~(" ~" "'" ~,;i/ "'\\o ~ ~-'''/"Oil \t\\ c",~'<~<//~'C2,1/ %. ,5/ ,,,o..-,, WIO ~I I VI 3 FiGs. 1-3. Drawings ofDolichodorus cobbi n. sp. 1) Anterior region of female. 2) Anterior portion of female showing head annules, cephalic frame work and anterior cephalids. 3) Female tail. 4) Female anterior gonad. 5) Ventral view of vulva. 6) Female lateral field. 7) Female posterior end showing phasmids in dorsal view. 8-13) Variations in female tail shape. 558 Journal of Nematology, Volume 18, No. 4, October 1986 -i:ilr ,:.. :.. alll! !! ~;: iilll.:i/ l l !1111 D::-~:l I~ IIIII -:: i]]li ill J:: ::I , ' Hi lll ~::. :::. ~: m ~1~! 0 ..: j..~, ~':~.- ~ •.....~. ~- ~;,~N.:~ IU FIGS. 14-16. Drawings of Dolichodorus cobbi n. sp. 14) Male anterior region. 15) Male anterior portion showing head annules, cephalic framework, and anterior cephalids. 16) Male tail. 54.7 (46.6, SD 5.7); b = 5.7-9.2 i8.3, SD (174.1, SD 15.2) from anterior end; excre- 1.0); c = 48.7-77.8 (67.1, SD 13.1); V = tory pore 182-214 (203.9, SD 10.1) from 51.8-55.3 (53.3, SD 1.1); total stylet 114- anterior end; phasmids 21.5-24.9 (23.1, 129 (121.7, SD 4.4); stylet conus 69-79.5 SD 1.1) from tail terminus; anal body width (74.2, SD 3.3); stylet shaft 44.8-51.6 (47.5, 34.4-43 (38.0, SD 3.4); hemizonid to ex- SD 2.2); dorsal esophageal gland orifice cretory pore 19.3-38.7 (27.6, SD 9.4). (DGO) 3.4-4.3 (3.8, SD 0.4) from base of Holotype (female): Length 2,748; width stylet; center of median bulb 146.2-202 60.2; a = 45.6; b = 9.1; c = 77.1 ; V = 54.4; Dolichodorus Taxonomy, Morphology: Golden et al. 559 total styler 122.1; stylet conus 75.6; stylet Allotype (male): Length 2,055; width 43; shaft 46.5; DGO 3.4 from base of stylet; a = 47.7; b = 8.3; c = 79.6; total stylet center of median bulb 181 from anterior 111.8; stylet conus 69.7; stylet shaft 42.1; end; excretory pore 208 from anterior end; DGO 3.4 from base of stylet; center of me- phasmids 23.6 from tail terminus; anal body dian bulb 146.2 from anterior end; excre- width 43. tory pore 172 from anterior end; spicules Female: Body cylindrical, elongate, 51; gubernaculum 26.5; tail 25.8; phas- slightly arcuate. Lip region set off by a dis- mids 20.4 from tail terminus; anal body tinct constriction, bearing 7-9 (sometimes width 22.3; hemizonid to excretory pore 11) fine annules. Perioral disc prominent, 25.8. distinctly raised. Anterior portion of head Male: Similar to the female in digestive with strong cephalic framework, basal plate tract, nerve ring and excretory pore posi- heavily sclerotized. Cuticle coarsely and tion, annulation, and lateral field; but body distinctly annulated. Anterior cephalids slightly smaller and posterior end slightly conspicuous, opposite, 4-5 annules poste- hooked ventrally. Tail terminus bifurcate. rior to constriction at lip region. Deirids Caudal alae trilobed striated, enveloping not seen. Lateral field areolated, 7.7-14.1 tail. Testis single, outstretched. Spicules wide near midbody, incisures three. Stylet massive, heavily sclerotized, almost straight, long, slender to stout, with strongly de- 45-52 long. Gubernaculum 24-30 in veloped posteriorly sloping somewhat length, generally appearing as shown in rounded knobs, conus longer than shaft. Figure 16. Tail pointed. Nerve ring near middle of isthmus. Excre- Type specimens: Holotype (female): Col- tory pore 182-214 ttm from anterior end, lected June 1984 by E. J. Wehunt from soil usually located just below the median bulb. around roots in woods on Stanley Farm, Hemizonid 19.3-38.7 below excretory Scott County, Arkansas. Slide No. T-417t, pore. Esophagus typical of the genus. Pro- deposited in the U.S. Department of Ag- corpus expands gradually into the oval me- riculture Nematode Collection (USDANC), dian bulb. Isthmus slender, expanding into Beltsville, Maryland. Allotype (male): Slide the elongate basal bulb. Esophageal gland No. T-418t, same data as holotype. Para- nuclei three, clearly evident. Esophageal- types (males and females): Same data as intestinal valve conspicuous. Vulva trans- holotype. verse, slightly posterior to midbody. Type host and locality: From soil around Gonads amphidelphic, outstretched. Sper- roots in woods on the Marvin Stanley Farm, matheca prominent, oval, filled with sperm Section 21, T4N, R29W, Scott County, Ar- in each gonad. Tail 35.8 (32.2-40), abrupt- kansas. ly tapering to a short spicate terminus. Tail Diagnosis: Dolichodorus cobbi n. sp. differs shape generally appearing as in Figures 3, from all known species of Dolichodorus by 7-13.
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