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Alternative Technology Advisory Committee Application Form City of Portland, Oregon Bureau of Development Services Alternative Technology 1900 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 5000 Advisory Committee Portland, Oregon 97201 (503) 823-7300 Application Form For information about the Alternative Technology Advisory Committee, instructions for filling out this application form and a list of submittal requirements please see our web site at www.portlandonline.com/bds/atac Applicant Information: Name: Ole Ersson Company Name: Email Address: [email protected] Address: 4237 SE 37th Ave Unit A City: Portland State: OR Zip Code: 97202 Phone No.: (503 ) 710-5558 FAX No.: ( ) Project Information: This application involves (check one): A technology not associated with a specific project A specific project currently under review Project Address: Tax Account number: Building Permit No.: LU Case No (if applicable): Other (specify): I. Overview of Technology A. Proposed Technology: Please describe the material/product/construction method you would like to have reviewed by the committee The committee is requested to review and approve a specific type of design of a composting toilet and urine diversion system designed according to the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) Water Efficiency and Sanitation Standard (WE-Stand) so as to allow permitting of instances of this design through the usual Portland building permit review process. From the IAPMO web site: Composting Toilets: WE-Stand contains the first set of comprehensive codified requirements for the installation, safe use and maintenance of composting and urine diversion toilet fixtures applicable to commercial and residential applications. B. Application of Technology: Please describe the specific application of the technology. How, when and where will this technology be used? IAPMO composting toilet and urine diversion systems are designed to collect and treat human excreta (urine, feces) in a hygienic and aesthetic manner by turning waste products normally destined for a sewer into a rich, pathogen-free, composted humus or treated urine to be used for enriching the garden environment. This technology can be used in any residential or commercial area that has the space for properly designed excreta collection devices (commodes) and a compost processor. The commodes may be located indoors in a residence or commercial building, including in existing lavatories where the current flush toilet is connected to a sewage system. Alternatively, commodes may be located outdoors in a suitable structure. The compost processor can be located wherever active composting conditions can be easily maintained, such as a stand-alone outdoor structure. This type of system can supplement a permitted sewage system. It could also be used as a stand-alone system replacing a traditional flush toilet. (Note: it is not a replacement for a sanitary system intended to process grey water from sinks, bathtubs, and showers.) In this specific application, approval is requested for composting toilet and urine diversion system design for single and multi-family properties consisting of: one or more compost commodes (excreta collection devices) located in bathrooms or other areas of existing residences, or in outdoor structures an outdoor urine collection depot containing two or more urine storage tanks, and possibly a dry urinal with its own temporary storage tank, an outdoor compost processor containing two or more compost bins sharing a common design. Approval is requested for systems consisting of any number of bins and urine storage tanks, sized according to number of users, and any usual roof to keep the processor dry and any screen to ventilate and isolate the compost during treatment. Examples of different configurations are described in the Supplemental Information. C. Code Conflicts: Please describe any known building code issues related to this technology. There have been traditional barriers to composting toilet systems, requiring all excreta to be collected in flush toilets and sent to a central sewage processing systems, or to local processing through septic tanks and drain fields. Oregon state administrative rules permit NSF-41 approved commercially manufactured composting toilet systems as well as owner designed systems designed to meet equivalent standards. The WE-Stand code was designed to provide an inspection-based alternative to NSF-testing, with water-tightness and bacteriological tests that meet or exceed NSF-41 standards. Since its publication in April 2018, the performance based WE-Stand codes now specifically encourage composting toilet and urine diversion applications. However, Oregon has not yet adopted this standard. II. Sustainability A. Sustainable Elements: Describe how this alternative substantially reduces the environmental impact on the planet over similar technologies currently allowed by the code? Please attach any documentation that supports your answer. Why build and operate a supplemental composting toilet system when a functional sewage system already exists that treats human excreta? Centralized sewer systems and septic tanks with drain fields have many important shortcomings. They: 1. waste the valuable nutrient flow, 2. are energy and potable water intensive, 3. require functional electric power, 4. are subject to failure when overloaded, as during rain events when combined with storm sewers, 5. are subject to catastrophic failure in a natural disaster, and 6. discharge pathogens, nitrogen, minerals, and possibly heavy metals, into the environment. Composting toilet systems are a waterless form of ecological sanitation that addresses all those concerns. They work by turning excreta, combined toilet paper and additive (often itself a waste material), termed ETPA, and with or without normal household and garden compostables, into humus, and urine into a treated fertilizer. Ideally, they are an integral part of sustainable agricultural systems. These systems: 1. exploit the nitrogen and other nutrient flow, fertilizing the landscape and building soil, 2. use no electrical power, drinking water, or fossil fuels, 3. never discharge pollutants into the environment, 4. have low capital and maintenance costs and are easy to maintain, 5. destroy pathogens, and 6. are more robust in natural disasters, such as earthquakes, than those having sewer pipe networks. Because of careful system design characteristics, composting occurs in a hygienic and aesthetic manner. For example, no untreated compost effluent is allowed outside the compost processor, preventing contamination of the local environment, including the ground water. The humus created in this process then is recycled back into the local biosphere, enriching plant growth and the natural environment. Urine can also be collected separately for treatment. After sequestration for 6 months, the high pH neutralizes any pathogens. Careful monitoring of the finished products through a biological testing protocol ensures complete safety of the process. B. Reason for Alternative: Describe why this alternative is desired? To avoid wastage of energy and potable water To recycle valuable nutrients in excreta, as rich compost, to enhance the fertility of local ornamental gardens To serve as an alternative human excreta processing system in case the central sewage system becomes unavailable, such as during an earthquake or other natural disaster To serve as an educational prototype of the new field of ecosanitation. Portland’s sewage system is near capacity, and urban growth necessitates distributed treatment, or extremely expensive upgrades to the centralized system. Here’s an article on current spending barely keeping up with maintenance: http://blog.oregonlive.com/portlandcityhall/2013/01/faced_with_aging_sewer_network.html C. Comparison to Other Technologies: How does this technology provide equivalent life safety and/or fire protection than the current technologies allowed by the code? There are no fire protection issues. WE-Stand composting toilet and urine diversion system design and operation insures sequestration of potential pathogens in the compost processor and urine storage tanks until they are neutralized. Specified testing and monitoring of such systems insures pathogen elimination. III. Supporting Documentation A. Testing Data: Describe any testing that has been performed on this technology to show how it may be able to meet code requirements. Please attach all available testing data. Please see the test data (high composting temperature, pathogen elimination) for all finished compost in a 9 bin prototype system in the appendix of the attached Operation and Maintenance Manual. Documentation attached: 1. Supplemental information requested by ATAC. 2. Operation and Maintenance Manual for a composting toilet and urine diversion system designed to meet IAPMO WE-Stand B. History of Use: Describe all known instances where this technology has been applied to a constructed building, including approximate date, location and building type. Please attach any documentation that supports your answer. Portland ATAC pioneered approval of a single family WE-Stand composting toilet system using a different design in October 2018. Responsibility Statement: As the applicant submitting this application, I am responsible for the accuracy of the information submitted. I have submitted all the relevant information available about the technology I am requesting the Alternative Technology Advisory Committee to review. I believe the information submitted to be a compete and accurate
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