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Policy Issues in Work and Retirement. INSTITUTION Upjohn (W.E.) Inst DOCUMENT RESUME ED 232 024 CE 036 489 AUTHOR Parnes, Herbert S., Ed. TITLE Policy Issues in Work and Retirement. INSTITUTION Upjohn (W.E.) Inst. for Employment Research, Kalamazoo, Mich. REPORT NO ISBN-0-88099-010-4 PUB DATE 83 NOTE 285p.; Papers presented at the Conference on Policy Issues in Work and Retirement (New Brunswick, NJ, October 1982). AVAILABLE FROMW.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 300 South Westnedge Avenue, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 ($20-95, hardcover--ISBN 0-88099-011-2; $13.95, paper; quantity discounts available). PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021) -- Information Analyses (070) Viewpoints (120) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Age Discrimination; Aging (Individuals); Employment Opportunities; *Employment Practices; Financial Support; Health Needs; Health Services; Older Adults; *Personnel Policy; *Public Policy; Retirement; *Retirement Benefits IDENTIFIERS *Social Security ABSTRACT This collection consists of papers presented at a 1982 conference on policy issues in work and retirement. Presented first is an introductory overview of the problems of retirement and aging by Herbert S. Parnes. The following conference reports are included in the volume: "Life without Work: Does It Make Sense?" by Eli Ginzberg; "Aging, Health, and Work," by Leon F. Koyl; "Health and Retirement; Retirement and Health," by Carl Eisdorfer and Donna Cohen; "Keeping Older Workers on the Job: Methods and Inducements," by Daniel E. Knowles; "Maximizing Post-Retirement Labor Market Opportunities," by Anna Marie Buchmann; "Age Discrimination in Employment," by Stephen R. McConnell; "Financing Options for Social Security," by Alicia H. Munnell; and "Private Pensions, Inflation, and Employment," by James H. Schulz. Also provided are 10 separate discussions of three of the eight papers. (MN) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** -4- rrfcci POLICY ISSUES in L. WORK and RETIREMENT Herbert S. Parnes Editor U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION E UCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION MATERIAL INMICROFICHE ONLY CENTER (ERIC) HAS BEEN GRANTED BY This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve e reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this docu- TOQEDUCATIONAL RESOURCES ment do not necessarily represent official NIE INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." position or policy. The W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Datu Main entryunder title: Policy issues in work and retirement. Conference held Oct. 1982 in New Brunswick, N.J. 1. Age and employmentUnited StatesCongresses. I. Parnes, Herbert S., 1919- . II. Rutgers University.Institute of Management And Labor Relations.III. Rutgers University.Institute on Aging.IV. National Council on the Aging. V. W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. HD6280.P641983 331.3'94'0973 83-4950 ISBN 0-88099-011-2 ISBN 0-88099-010-4 (pbk.) Copyright © 1983 by the W. E. UPJOHN INSTITUTE FOR EMPLOYMENT RESEARCH 300 South Westnedge Ave. Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007 THE INSTITUTE, a nonprofit research organization, was established on July 1, 1945. It is an activity of the W. E. Upjohn Unemployment Trustee Corporation, which was formed in 1932 to administer a fund set aside by the late Dr. W. E. Upjohn for the purpose of carrying on "research into the causes and effects of unemployment and measures for the alleviation of unemployment." The Board of Trustees of the W. E. Upjohn Unemployment Trustee Corporation Preston S. Parish, Chairman Martha G. Parfet, Vice Chairman Charles C. Gibbons, Vice Chairman D. Gordon Knapp, Secretary-Treasurer E. Gifford Upjohn, M.D. Mrs. Genevieve U. Gilmore James H. Duncan John T. Bernhard Paul H. Todd The Staff of the Institute Jack R. Woods, Acting Director Saul J. Blaustein Judith K. Brawer Phyllis R. Buskirk H. Allan Hunt Timothy L. Hunt Jo Bentley Reece Robert A. Straits Wayne R. Wend ling Acknowledgments Many persons and organizations contributed to the suc- cess of the Conference on Policy Issues in Work and Retire- ment, for which the papers in this volume were prepared. Co-sponsors were the Institute of Management and Labor Relations and the Institute on Aging at Rutgers University and the National Council on the Aging in Washington, DC. I should like to thank Professor James Begin, Director of the Institute of Management and Labor RelaffOts and Professor Audrey Faulkner, Director of the Institute on Aging, for their encouragement and support; Harold Sheppard was a valued ally in serving as our liaison with the NCOA. Professors Marsel Heisel and Polly Williams of the In- stitute on Aging provided valuable advice. Within the In- stitute of Management and Labor Relations, Professor Bar- bara McIntosh was my partner from the outset in planning and directing the Conference; Marjorie Saari was responsi- ble for all of the local arrangements and for our contacts with the more than 200 persons who attended the Con- ference;Daniel Sohmer provided valuable advice for publicizing the Conference and collaborated in editing the manuscripts; Joan Riese served as secretary to the project from the beginning and cheerfully accepted the difficult chore of preparing the edited manuscripts for publication. To all of these colleagues I express my deep appreciation. Finally, I should like to acknowledge with gratitude the financial support provided by the Retirement Research Foundation, which made possible lower registration fees for the Conference than would otherwise have been necessary. Herbert S. Parnes April 1983 iv Foreword As Professor Parnes states in his introduction to this volume, "the aging of populations creates problems and re- quires adjustments on the part of society as a whole, just as the aging of each individual creates personal problems and requires pm sonal adjustments." The human resource im- plications of individual and population aging point up a number of public policy issuesissues relating to health and retirement, to age discrimination in employment, and to methods of financing retirement, among others. Each of the papers presented at the 1982 Conference ex- plores, from a somewhat different perspective, aspects of in- dividual and population aging. They are subjects which need to be considered in sound policy planning for fuller utiliza- tion of older workers as well as broadened options in retire- ment decisions. Facts and observations presented in this book are the sole responsibility of the authors. Their viewpoints do not necessarily represent the position of the W. E. Upjohn In- stitute for Employment Research. Jack R. Woods Acting Director Contributors Theodore Bernstein, Director Elliot Liebow, Chief International Ladies' Garment Workers' Center for Work and Mental Health Union Benefit Funds Department National Institute of Mental Health Anna Marie Buchmann, Vice President Stephen R. McConnell Human Resources, Bankers Life Professional Stet and Casualty Company Select Committee on Aging, U.S. House of Representatives Donna Cohen Director, Division of Aging and Barbara McIntosh Geriatric Psychiatry and Assistant Professor, Associate Professor o Psychiatry Institute of Management and Labor and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein Relations, Rutgers College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center Alicia H. Munnell Vice President and Economist, Carl Eisdorfer, M.D. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston President, Montefiore Medical Center and Professor, Departments of Herbert S. Parties Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Professor; Institute of Management Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Labor Relations, Rutgers Anne Foner Karl Price Professor of Sociology, Rutgers Consultant, Towers, Perrin, Forster, and Crosby Eli Ginzberg A. Barton Hepburn Professor James H. Schulz Emeritus of Economics and Director, Professor of Weifare Economics, Conservation of Human Resources, Florence Heller Graduate School, Columbia University Brandeis University; President, The Gerontological Society of America Daniel E. Knowles, Vice President Personnel and Administration, Bert Seidman, Director Grumman Aerospace Corporation Department of Social Security, AFL-CIO Leon F. Koyl, M.D. Medical Consultant to The Harold L. Sheppard de Havilland Aircraft of Director, International Exchange Canada, Limited, Toronto, Canada Center on Gerontology University of South Florida E. Douglas Kuhns Assistant Research Director, James R. Swenson International Association of Vice Praident and Associate Actuary, Machinists and Aerospace Workers Prudential Life Insurance Company of America Michael K. Taussig Professor of Economics, Rutgers vi Contents Chapter I Introduction and Overview 1 Herbert S. Parnes Chapter 2 Life Without Work: Does It Make Sense? 29 Eli Ginzberg Chapter 3 Aging, Health, and Work 39 Leon F. Koyl Chapter 4 Health and Retirement; Retirement and Health 57 Carl Eisdorfer and Donna Cohen Discussion - Theodore Bernstein 75 Discussion - Anne loner 83 Discussion - Elliot Liebow 91 Chapter 5 Keeping Older Workers on the Job: Methods and Inducements 99 Daniel E. Knowles Chapter 6 Maximizing Post-Retirement Labor Market Opportunities 109 Anna Marie Buchmann Discussion - E. Dpuglas Kuhns 131 Discussion - Karl Price 139 Discussion - Harold L. Sheppard
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