Distribution limited SC-85/CONF.008/2 Paris, 21 October 1985

UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION

CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND

WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Ninth Session (Unesco Headquarters, Paris 2-6 December 1985)

Item ? of the Provisional Agenda : Tentative lists of cultural and natural properties received since the Eighth Ordinary Session of the Committee

1. In order to enable the Committee to appreciate within the widest possible context the outstanding universal value of each property nominated for inclusion in the World Heritage List, each State Party has been invited to submit to the Committee a tentative list of the cultural and natural properties situated on its territory and which it is considering nominating for inclusion in the List during the next five to ten years. In conformity with Article 11.1 of the Convention concerning the presentation of inventories, the Committee, at its 7th session, requested all States Parties that had not already done so to send this tentative list to the Secretariat. As from 1985 ICOMOS will not examine any nomination of cultural properties submitted by States Parties which have not forwarded such a tentative list. New States Parties are invited to present their tentative list as soon as possible.

2. Since the 8th session of the , the Secretariat has received new or revised tentative lists from the following States Parties: Algeria, , (Fed. Republic of), Guyana, Morocco, Norway, Peru, Portugal, and Tunisia. The Beninese authorities have indicated that they intend to nominate only one property within the next five years: the Royal Palaces of Abomey. The Secretariat has been informed by the Canadian authorities that Canada wishes to modify its tentative list to include Waterton National Park.

3. The tentative lists submitted by Cyprus, Germany (Fed. Rep. of), Peru, Portugal and Spain are attached hereto. The other ·lists mentioned in paragraph 2 are being revised in consultation with ICOMOS. December 1984

Tentative list of properties already inscribed or which the Republic of Cyprus is considering nominating for inclusion in the World Heritage List.

1. (already inscribed)

2. The Cyprus Prehistoric Sites of (a) Khirokitia (b) "Tenta" and (c) "Ayios Dhimitrios" at Kalavassos

3. The Archaeological Site of Kourion

4. Twelve painted churches in the Troodos Region

5. The two five-dome churches of Ayia Paraskevi (Yeroskipos) and of Sts. Barnabas and Hilarion (Peristerona). 1.-

Introductory Note

The origins of Cypriote culture go back to the 7th millennium B.o. Already in the prehistoric period Cyprus had Close relations with the early civilizations of Syria, Asia Minor and later on with Egypt, Palestine and the Aegean. In the historical period relations developed with

Assyria, Babylonia, Persia, Greece and . Later,Cyp~s as part of the not only participated in the Byzantine civilization, spread all over South and East Europe, but also had close relations with the Arab Empire. In the 12th century of our era Cyprus was conquered by the Crusaders and became the most important Crusader kingdom. The mutual in:f'l. uence ot the Byzantine Art of Cyprus and the art ot Mediaeval Europe created Crusader art. In the 15th cen~y the close relations with Italy increased when took over Cyprus in 1489, and art spread throughout the Island. 2.-

Ao Prehistoric sties

(a) Khirokitia, Neolithic settlement ( District): One of the best preserved Neolithic sites in the Mediterranean region, dating back to the 7th millennium

B.c., ~mprising c1usters of circular houses and

a defensive wall of ~eat monumental ~uality.

(b) Kalavassos - "Tenta", ~eolithio settlement. (Lama ea

District): A short distance from Khirokitia, an impoaing group of recently excavated Neolithic houses. This settlement, like that of Khirokitia, ic situated in

an area which is very much unspoilt ~om the environ­ mental point of view. (c) Xalavassos ... "Ayioe Dhimitrios" (Larnaca District): A Late Bronze Age settlement where excavations started four years ago and continue every year. A large portion of the settlement has already been excavated, including a spacious public building built ot large hewn blocks. The settlement owes its importance to its proximity to the copper-mining area of Kalavassos. 3--

B. The Arohaio-Roman~arly Byzantine city site of Kourion.

The area of the city site of ancient Kourion encloses monuments of considerable importance dating from the 8th century B.o. do\m. to the 5th century of our era. The ancient city was a pancyprian a:en-tre for cul.tural, religious and athletic activities. This is attested by the well preserved pUblic buildings of the Theatre, the Baths, the Roman Porum, the Nymphaeum, the Episcopical Early Christian , the Extra Mural Early Christian Basilica, the Stadium and the Sanctuary of Apollo Hyla tea which was the largest and most famous all over Cyprus. Moreover, the Roman mosaic compo­ sitions decorating the floors o-r the "House of Eustolios" the "House of Gladiators" and the "House o'f Achilles" are of great artistic achievement and may be classified among the best examples 1n Cyprus. 4.- c. The Painted Churches in the Troodos Region:

1. Ayios Nikolaos (} tie Steyis, Kakopetria.

Nicosia District~ 11th-century bUilding of the cross in square with dome type. Dome and vaults concealed under a second steep-pitched wooden roor. This is an innovation or Cyprus not found elsewhereo Wall-paintings of the llth, 12th, 14th and 15th centurieso 2. Ayios Ioannis (Saint John) Lambadhistis, Kalopanayiotis.

Nicosia District. A cross in a~uare with dome 6hurch ot the . Wail-paintings of the 13th, 14th and 15th centurie£ Attached Chapel of Sto John Lambadhistis, and a ''Ls.tin" chapel with late 15th-century paintings influenced by Renaissance art. All covered under a second wooden roof.

,,~,, 3. Panayia (The Virgtn) Phorviotissa (Asinou) Nikitari, Nicosia

District. A vaulted Chtn'ch of about AoDo llOO, with paintings

of .~.D. 1105 and the 14th century. Dome narthex of the late 12th century with paintings of the late 12th century and 1333. and narthex covered under a second steeP-pitched wooden roof. 4. Panayia (The Virgin) tou Arakou, Lagoudhera. Nicosia District. A dome Church of the second half of the 12th century with

paintings of A.D. 1192. The Church is covered w1 th a aeomtd

roo~. 5. Panayia (The Virgin), Moutoullas. Nioosia District. A late 13th-century steep-pta:med wooden roof Church, a type found only in Cyprus, with well-paintings of A.D.l280. Crusader art style. 6. Archangelos Michae1 (Archangel ttiahael), Pedhoulas. Nicosia District. Stee-JitChed wooden roof Church with wall-paintings of 1.474. 7o Timios Stavros (Holy Cross), Pelendriao Limassol District.

A domed Church of the 13th century enlarg~d with side chapels of the 14th century. Wall-paintings of the 14th and 15th

~enturies. 5.-

8 0 Panayia {The Virgin) Podhithou, Galata. Nicosia Districto A steep-pitched wooden roof Church with wall-paintings of l502o 9o Archangelos-Panayia (.i\.rchangel-The \'irgin), Galata. l;icosia

District. A steep-pitChed wooden roo~ Church with wall­ paintings of 1514. 10. Ayios S0zomenos, Galata. Nicosia District. A steep-pitched wooden roof Church vdth wall-paintings of 1513. 11. Stavros (Holy Cross) Ayiaemati, Platanistasa. Nlcosia District. A steep-pitched wooden roof Church with wall-paintings of 1495. 12o Ayia s·otera (Christ the Saviour), Palaekhorio Nicosia District. Steep-pitched wooden roof Church \vith wall-paintings of' the early 16th eenturyo 6.-

D. The two five-dome Churches of Ayia Paraskevi (Yeroskipos) and of Sts. Barnabas and Hilarion (Peristerona).

1 o Ayia Paraskevi, Yerosk:ipos. Paphos Distr~to Five dome

ohureh w1 th a quatrefoil chapel of the late 9th or early lOth century. Wall-paintings of the lOth, 12th and 15th centurieso

2 ·o Saints Barnabas and Hilarion, PeristeronaG Nico sia District. Five-dome Churah of about A.D.llOO.

T.he two Churches are similar to Churches of South Italy and Aquitaine . October 1981+

LIST OF PROPOSALS by the Federal Republic of Germany for inclusion in the World Heritage List

(the monuments marked with an asterisk are already on the World Heritage List)

ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS

A. Roman Architecture

1. , Roman buildings (including the Igel Column), Trier and Church of Our Lady

B. Carolingian Architecture

2. Lorsch, monastery porch

3. Aachen, palace chapel * () (already inscribed)

C. Ottonian Architecture and Architectural

4.

5. , St Michael' s Church and the bronze doors in (nomination already submitted)

D. and Monumental Sculpture

6. Speyer, Imperial Cathedral * (already inscribed)

7. Worms, Imperial Cathedral

8. Maria Laach, Church and Lake --

- 2 -

9. Standing Stones (Externsteine) near ; also an outstanding natural feature

100 Brunswick, Lion Monument

Bamberg, Cathedral: see "Historical Towns and Cities" below

Trier, Cathedral: see "Roman Architecture" above

E 0 Gothic Churches

110 Marburg, St Elizabeth's

"''l~llf

12 o , Cathedral

13. , Minster

Landshut, St Martin's: see "Historical Towns and Cities" below

F. Cistercian Monasteries

140 Maulbronn

15. Eberbach

G 0 Castles and Imperial Palaces

160 Gelnhausen, Imperial Palace

17. , Castle

Rhine Valley: see "Cultural Landscapes" below - 3 -

H. Renaissance Buildings

18. , City Hall

19. LUneburg, Town Hall

20. Berlin (Spandau), Citadel

Augsburg, City Hall: see "Historical Towns and Cities" below

Heidelberg, Castle: see "Historical Towns and Cities" below

I. Churches and Monasteries

21. Weingarten, Benedictine Monastery

22. Ottobeu ren, Benedictine Monastery

23. Wies, Pilgrimage Church * (already inscribed)

Weltenburg, Monastery and Danube Valley: see "Cultural Landscapes" below

Vierzeh n hei Iigen, Pilgrimage Church and River Main Valley: see "Cultural Landscapes" below

Banz, Benedictine Monastery and River Main Valley: see "Cultural Landscapes" below

K. Baroque Palaces, Gardens and Theatres

24. Pommersfelden, Palace

25. Nymphenburg, Palace with Gardens - 4 -

26. BrUhl, Palace with Gardens* (already inscribed)

27. Wurzburg, Residence with Gardens * (already inscribed)

28. Kassel, Wilhelmshohe Palace

29. Bayreuth,

L. 19th and 20th-Century Architecture

30. , Ehrenbreitstein Fortress

31. Bayreuth, Festival Theatre (Festspielhaus)

32. Ulm, Confederative Fortress (Bundesfestung)

Walhalla, National Monument and Danube Valley: see "Cultural Landscapes" below

Hamburg, Chile House and Business District: see "Urban Architecture" below

11 URBAN ARCHITECTURE

M. Streets and Squares

33. , Maximilianstrasse with the Cathedral, City Hall and Church of SS. Ulrich and Afra

34. Munich, Ludwigstrasse and Odeonsplatz with the Residence, Hall of Generals (Feldherrenhalle) and Theatine Church

35. , Business District with Chile House

36. Sa a rbrucken, Ludwigsplatz - 5 -

37. Berlin, "Horseshoe" Housing Estate (Hufeisensiedlung)

N. Historical Towns and Cities

38. , Old Town

39. , Old Town

40. LUbeck, Old Town

41. Rothenburg, Nordlingen, DinkelsbUhl

42. Landshut, Old Town with Trausnitz Castle

43. Heidelberg, Old Town and Castle

44. Passau, Old Town

45. , Old Town

46. WolfenbUttel, Old Town

11 I CULTURAL LANDSCAPES

Landscapes combining outstanding cultural and natural features

47. Valley between Bingen and Koblenz

48. River Main Valley between Banz and Vierzehnheiligen

49. Danube Valley around Weltenburg

50. Danube Valley around Regensburg, including the Walhalla and Donaustauf - 6 -

51. Berlin, Pfauen Island (also nature reserve), Klein­ Giienicke Palace and Gardens, and Nikolskoe

52. Artland, landscape with farmhouses

Reichenau I si and: see "Ottonian Architecture and Architectural Sculpture" above

Laach Lake: see "Romanesque Architecture and Monumental Sculpture" above

Standing Stones ( Externsteine): see "Romanesque Archi- tectu re and Monumental Sculpture" above

~~" I'' December 1984

TENTATIVE LIST OF PROPERTIES ALREADY INSCRIBED OR WHICH PERU IS CONSIDERING NOMINATING FOR INCLUSION IN THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST

CULTURAL PROPERTIES

1. City of Cuzco (already inscribed)

2. Chavin Archaeologi~al Monuments Centre District of Chavin, Province of Huari, Department of Ancash (Nomination already submitted). 3. Chan-Chan Archaeological Zone Province of Trujillo, Department of La Libertad 4. Nasca Archaeological Zones Provinces of Palpa and Nasca, Department of lea 5. Pajaten Archaeological Complex, Department of San Martin

NATURAL PROPERTIES

1. Manu National Park 2. Paracas National Park

3. Rio Abiseo ~ational Park 4. Huascaran National Park (Nomination already submitted)

CULTURAL AND NATURAL PROPERTY

1. Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (already inscribed) CULTURAL HERITAGE' DEPARTMENT OF MONUMENTS

CHAN CHAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ZONE

Latitude : 08o 05' 57' • South

Longitude: 79° 04' 55'' East

The ruins of Chan Chan are situated in the Department of La Libertad, Province of Trujillo, in the north-west of 'the noche V9lley. They are bordered on the east by El Cortijo Annex of the Laredo Co-opera­ tive and on the west by the lands of the Huanchaco rural community, on the south by the Pacific Ocean and on the north by the Industrial Park. The buildings comprising the ruins of Chan Chan extend along this area of level ground. They lie on a north-east axis, covering an area of 1,417,715 square metres, at a distance of 4 kilometres from the city of Truj i 11 o. The ruins of Chan Chan, regarded as the largest adobe city in the world, have been a source of wonder and interest to many scholars and travellers since the last century.

Already at the-time of the Spanish conquest~ the chronicles included references to Chan Chan and even descriptions and accounts of its history. Among those who wrote about it were Ciezo de Leon, Cabello de Balboa, at later date, Martinez de Campanon and~ in the nineteenth century~ such travellers as George E. Squier~ Adolph Bandelier and Rivero. The city of Chan Chan, whose buildings and burial grounds extend over an area of 20 square kilometres, was the religious and administrative of the Chimu Empire. The name "Chan Chan" is derived from a word in the Chimu language, "jang-jang", which means "sun-sun", probably on account of the hot climate prevailing on the plain on which it is situated. The Spanish designated it as the main city of the kingdom and gave it the name of "El Gran Chimu ...

Chan Chan was the largest city in pre-Colombian Peru. It consisted of nine palaces and their outbuildings, temples~ communal areas, fountains, walled pathways, cultivated fields and cemeteries, and its architectural and spatial layout reveals that the area was a planned and ordered whole. Its walled palaces have adobe walls 7 to 12 metres high; trapezoidal in shape~ they are decorated in relief with clay friezes and with geo~etrical ornamental re!1resentations and complex P.l~'thical figures \'Jhich reflect-Chimu attitudes and beliefs and the ir.mortance of r.1arine ~otifs in dail" life. T~e. friese~ display a rireat variety of such motifs, inc1udin~ ~~v~s, star­ fish, fish, sea-birds, as well as the moon. The decorative motifs were hand-moulded and are shown in profile; however, different positions of the figures (in particular the birds) and their naturalistic character display a detailed observation of nature. -2-

The National Institute of Culture, through the Northern Regional Centre for the Study and Restoration of Historical Monuments (now a branch of NIC) situated in La Libertad, has been carrying out work since 1973 for the protection, conservation and enhancement of Chan Chan. This work which includes research, archaeological excavations, consolidating the structures uncovered and shorin~ up the walls, has been supported by Unesco-Cryrza and the ~·1unicipality of Trujillo. -3-

CULTURAL HERITAGE DEPARTMENT OF MONUMENTS

NASCA ARCHAEOLOGICAL ZONES

Longitude : Latitude : Between 14°30 1 and 14°50 1 South

The region of Nasca, which in geographical terms includes the basin of the Rio Grande in what are today the provinces of Palpa and ~asca 1 consists of a series of small valleys (Santa Cruz, Rio Grande, Palpa, 1ngen1o and l'·~ascaJ whose rivers flovJ into the middle section of the Rio Crande, which itself flows southwards tOwafds.fhe Pacific Ocean. The archaeology of this region is particularly important and interesting. The monuments and archaeological remains to be found there bear witness to the level of cultural development achieved through the use of special technologies and to a high level of agricultural develop­ ment, despite the arid soil and the shortage of arable land. This was 11 11 particularly true of the period known as the regional development period , when Nasca culture distinguished itself by the excellence of its polychrome pottery, which now adorns many museum collections in Peru and other parts of the world.

One feature which has attracted particular attention is represente~ by the so-called geoglyphics of the Pampa de Nasca. These are series of very extensive lines and figures (some of the lines being several kilometres long and some of the figures covering hundreds of square ~etre$) which are formed by small furrows cut in the dark and gravelly surface of the Pampa, and have remained visible over the centuries. These geoglyphics have given rise to the most varied theories and hypotheses concerning their origin and function; however, the most soundly based and scientific interpretations have been those put forward by Toribio Mejia Xesspe and Paul Kossok (their discoverers), by Maria Reiche (who has devoted over fourty years to studying and measuring them) and by Jorge Illescas. Another important feature is the construction of a complex system of underground aqueducts in the Nasca Valley. The majority of these aque­ ducts are still in use, although many of them are in danger of crumbling away. Cahuachi, the capital of Nasca culture, was the most important urban centre in the region and consists of a group of pyramids of considerable height linked to a network of courtyards and squares. The studies carried out by Kroeber in 1926 and by Strong in 1952 represented the first steps towards an understanding of how Cahuachi was settled and came to be the great ceremonial centre during the early phases of Nasca culture. The objectives of the work now being carried out under the Cahuachi Project by Helaine Silverman and Miguel ~azos are to understand the function and relationship of the various parts of the Cahuachi ceremonial centre as well as the chronological sequence of the site 1 S settlement, and to carry out restoration and development operations on specific sectors, in association with local bodies. -4-

During the present year archaeological work has also been carried out by the Italian Archaeological Mission under Dr. Alberta Bueno Mendoza and the architect, Giuseppe Orefecci. In the Nasca region there are numerous archaeological sites which call for study and urgent conservation work if they are to fulfil their considerable potential as archaeological and tourist-attractions and contribute thereby to regional development. They include Paredones (an Incan centre) Cantalloc (a group of geoglyphics linking archaeological structures and burial grounds), San Jose (Nasca archaeological sites of the late intermediate period which, in conjunction with the colonial churches of San Jose and San Javier, could form a major tourist circuit), the Valle de las Trancas (cemeterjes of Chauchilla, Huaca del Loro and cemeteries of Las Trancas), and the Lost City of Huayuri (an important and extensive urban centre of the late intermediate period situated in the Valle de Santa Cruz). During the last decade, cleaning and conservation work has been carried out in some of the parts already mentioned which have also been physically demarcated as a result of action by the National Institute of Culture, the Directorate for Tourist Resources of the Ministry of Industry and Tourism, the Municipality of Nasca and CUKDE ICA. -5-

/-\rH·! EX

Location of the Nasca Archaeological Zones - Mercator Transversal System ( UT~1)

- Geoglyphics of Nasca: Longitude South 837200 Latitude West 48000

Cahuachi: Longitude South 836150 Latitude West 48800

- Huayuri: Longitude South 839200 Latitude West : 47000

- Nasca: ( Pa redones, aqueducts, cemeteries) Longitude South 836100 Latitude West : 50700 -6-

PAJATEN ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX

Background Information Two civilian-military expeditions undertaken in 1965 and 1966 brought to light the important archaeological complex known as "PAJATEN", situated in a highland forest area in Northern Peru. They thereby confirmed the existence of these ruins, parts of which had been discovered by chance by a group of inhabitants of the village of Pataz, who entered this area of virgin forest in search of land suitable for farming. Location The PAJATEN archaeological complex is situated en the co-ordinates 77°18' longitude and 7°43' 1atitude, lying 44° NE of the village of Pataz. It is 92,5 kilometres by bridal path and track from the village of Chagual which lies on the bank of the river Maranon and is the final point on the road running from Trujillo towards the Andean interior and the forest area

"111111' Geographically, the site lies in the Department of San Martin, adjacent .to the Department of La Libertad. These important archaeological remains lie in the shape of a half-moon on the narrow and uneven plateau of a spur jutting out from the steep sides of the hills which border the high forest and which form part of the final foothills of the Eastern Cordillera. The site is situated in the catchment areas of the P.uallage and fiaranon rivers in the midst of luxuriant vegetation. It lies at an altitude of 2,350 metres above sea-le~el. Description The archaeological site consists of a series of circular buildings of varying diameters (of approximately three to fifteen metres) and of an average height of two metres. There are a few straight walls~_but these are of considerable length. However, like the walls of the cylindrical buildings, some of these are half buried by mud and stones and covered by thick ve- getation. ~ The buildings lie on platforms set out at different levels and connected to one another by stairways which open on to the high retaining walls. The building materials consist of stabs of state used to ccver the platform~, harder stone for the retaining walls and the buildings them­ selves, and pink and grey sandstone for some of the decorative features~ The streets and paths which criss-cross the site run alongside the buildings and their high retaining walls. -7-

However, what particularly distinguishes these buildings from other buildings of ancient Peru, which normally-lack decoration, is not only their extraordinary architectural design, but also the exuberant ornamental and constructional motifs which adorn the external and, in the case of some buildings, the internal surfaces (e.g. the parapets) and which include anthropomorphic, zoomorphic and geometrical motifs. These decorative features are moreover of particular interest in as much as they are not mere superficial additions, but are integrated into the structure of the walls. The whole archaeological complex covers an area of approximately fourty hectares, of which a small part has been uncovered in the course of intensive cleaning work. In view of the site•s importance, and the evidence that similar sites exist in the area, furthet work should be undertaken, including archaeological exploration, cleaning and consolidation operations. It will then be possible to carrv out a scientific analysis of the remains found to identify ther oriqins ano · ensure the permanent conservation and enhancement of this outstanding archaeological complex. (Information provided by the leader of the two civilian-military expedi­ tions, the architect Victor Pimentel Gurmendi).

Lima, 31 October 1984 -8-

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

MANU NATIONAL PARK - PERU

Geographical location:

North 72 °01 1 Longitude West and 11°17 1 Latitude South

South 71°30 1 11 11 13°11 1 Latitude South

1 11 11 East 71°10 12°18 I Latitude South

11 11 1 11 11 West 72 °22 I 11°45 30 I I

Description: . This Park (1 ,582,806 hectares) is situated in the south-east of Peru and covers the High Andes region as far as the Low Tropical Forest of the Amazonian area. Climatic conditions range from the cold dry climate of the High Alpine Plateaux to the warms, humid clinate of the equatorial rain forests. The vegetation, which includes many endemic species, is likewise extremely varied, ranging from lichens and silicicolous gramineous plants to trees growing to a height of over 30 metres. The fauna is also extraordinarily varied and abundant. There are in addition sites of great natural beauty, (11 Tres Cruces 11 is an outstanding beauty-spot) and other outstanding touristic attractions such as the 11 Colpa de los Guacamayos 11 and the many 11 Cochas 11 (marshlands). Also worthy of notice are the important archaeological remains of the Inca expansion into the jungle, such as Paititi and the ruins of Pantiacolla. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE -9-

PARACAS NATIONAL PARK - PERU

Geographi ea 1 location:

North 76°30 1 Longitude West and 13°46 1 52 I I Latitude~Sauth

11 11 11 11 East 76 O 10 I 3 I I 13 O 4.9 I 42 I I

1 South 76 °00 I Longitude West and 14°26 42 I I Latitude South

1 West 76°39 Longitude West and 14°26' 42 I I Latitude South

Description: The Paracas National Park (335,000 hectares) is situated in the central and south coastal region of Peru, and is the only protected zone which covers both land and sea areas of the eco-zoogeographical region of the Peruvian-Chilean Oceanic Dominion of the South Pacific. Despite the almost complete lack of rainfall (it is one of the driest areas on the Continent), the climate is humid owing to the Humboldt current. The flora is typical of coastal hill areas, appearing seasonally as a result of atmospheric condensation. As for the fauna, it is plentiful in the coastal areas, which provide a refuge for certain species in danger of extinction, and offer resting places for various migratory birds. The area contains rock formations of great natural beauty, such as the "Candelabra", the "Mirador de Lobos" and the "Catedral", which are also major tourist attractions. The necropolis of Paracas and the Site Museum of Pre-Colombian Art are worthy of note. - 10 -

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

RIO ABISEO NATIONAL PARK

Geographical location:

North 7°36'73' • Latitude South and 77° 31' 56 11 Longitude West

1 1 1 1 South 7°27 43 I Latitude South and 77° 0 14 ' Longitude West

Description The Rio Abiseo National Park (274,520 hectares) is situated in the north-eastern region of Peru, and includes ecosystems which boast a great variety of species of flora and fauna, one of which, the curly-haired yellow-tailed monkey, Lagothrix flavicauda, a primate in- digenous to the country, is close to extinction. '"""~~ The existing forest is typical of tropical rain forests and provides a habitat for highly distinctive species of both plants and animals. A highlight of the park is the important pre-Colombian archaeological site known as Huaros or Grand Pajaten, which has consi­ derable potential as a tourist attraction. January 1985

SECOND TENTATIVE LIST OF PROPERTIES WHICH PORTUGAL IS CONSIDERING NOMINATING FOR INCLUSION IN THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST OR ALREADY INCLUDED

1) Properties which Portugal is considering nominating

- Historic Centre of Evora ; - Domus Municipalis, Braganza; - Castle of Vila Vit;osa; - Castle of Guimaraes ; Monastery of Mafra ; - Monasterx of Alcobat;a ; - University of Coimbra ; An explanatory note on each of these monuments is enclosede

2) Properties already included - Central zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belem in Lisbon ; - Monastery of Batalha - Convent of Christ in Tomar.

I

- 2 -

THE HISTORIC CENTRE OF EVORA

The historic centre of Evora is the area surrounded by the old remparts (Cerea Velha), an encircling wall- built between the 2nd and 12th centuries and regarded as being the remains of Roman, Gothic and Arab occupation.

Apart from the walls themselves, this area also contains the Roman Temple, the Cathedral, the Convent of Loios, the Palace of the Dukes of Cadaval, the Palace of the Counts of Baeto, the Church of t~e Saviour, the House of Garcia Resende and the fountain in the Pra~a do Giraldo.

The following is a brief description of the most outstanding of these monuments :

The Old Walls (Cerea Velha), which are classified as a National Monument. After certain alt~rations to the original Roman design by the and the Arabs, the walls cover a perimeter of 1080 metres. They themselves, however, are a mixture of 3rd, 4th, 7th, lOth and 12th century styles, reflecting the course of Portuguese history. They formed at that time an irregular pentagon with platforms, gates, dungeons and traces of the Gothic-Arab and Portuguese castle.

The Roman Temple (National Monument) known as the Temple of Diana~ 1s rect"angular in shape and represents a perfect parallelogram probably dating from the 3rd century. It has survived until today despite many vicissitudes, including damage caused by the religious conflicts in the late 4th and early 5th centuries. In the 14th and 15th centuries, it was even used as a slaughter-house, and in 1500 was transformed into a solid tower in the Manueline style, until in 1870 the site was cleared and the temple restored as far as possible to its original form, under the technical supervision of the Italian G. Cinatti.

The colonnade on the north front is intact ; on the west side are two intact pillars and on the east side two pillars without capitals ; to these may be added the foundations and the partial remains of other columns. The intact columns still support parts of the architrave, the shafts of the pillars are of granite, the bases and capitals are or white Estremoz marble. The total height of the columns is ?!68 metres, the width of the plinth of the monument is 15.25 metres and its length 25.18 metres. The Cat.l\edral of St. Mary {National Monument). The present church was founded by Bishop Durando Paes, adviser to Afonso III, in the latter part of the 13th century, on the site of the previous building, which itself was an adaptation of an Arab mosque ; no trace remains of either the mosque or the original church. Building began in the reign of Afonso III and it was only some fifty years later, in the reign of Afonso IV, that the south , the old sacristy and the - 3 -

were completed. During the following centuries, further work and a number of alterations were carried out.

The cathedral is in the form of a Roman cross, and is inspired in structure and elevation ·by the Cathedral of Lisbon. There are three_ aisles, and the is formed of five chapels divided into seven rectangular sections ; the central is wide, crossed by a projecting transept with two lancet arches"on either side. From these rises the octagonal lantern tower with its late Gothic dome - the only example of the kind in Portugal.

On the outside, the single-storey pe~iment is crowned by a very ancient slender globe spire and a copper angel. It also has two rose­ windows in the Champagne Gothic style.

The west front, entirely of carved stone masonry, bearing many of the mediaeval stone-cutters'marks, has a portal with a Gothic arch flanked by two square towers forty metres high, showing traces of the building materials used in the different periods during which it was built. The narthex of the portico is completely open, with a Gothic •~" arch and two rows of small arches ; the without formed arches has triangular shaped ribs ; the door is an elegant Gothic arch flanked by six ornamental archivolts ; on either side of the portico are two 16th century marble sarcophagi, while the side fayades of the building are predominatly Romanesque. The overall length of the Cathedral is 80 metres, the inner width 18.80 metres, the height of the central nave 19.05 metres and that of the outside lantern tower 41.30 metres.

Monastery of Loios (St. John the Evangelist - National Monument)

The Convent was founded by Rodrigo de Melo ; its construction began in 1485 and the church was inaugurated in 1491 while work on the monastery continued. It was altered and remodelled several times and during this century was even used as the public library of Evora ; before that it served as a college, a military barracks, a post office ••• and finally in 1965 as an inn. The church is Gothic in form and went through a number of modifi-.. cations which, however, did not affect its supporting structure or its roofing. It has a fine flamboyant Gothic portal, with a low arch supported by a cluster of columns decorated with Manueline capitals. The church is composed of a nave in five triangular sections covered by a vault supported by square ribs decorated with roundels. The nave contains one of the most important sets of early 18th century mural azulejos (painted tile decorations), which are of great historic value and depict the different periods inthe life of St. Lawrence Justinian. The choir chapel, which is narrower than the nave, consists of a deeper section and a polygonal apse supported by solid buttresses, two-storeys ~igh and still has in the side walls the high, narrow Gothic slits dating from - 4 ..

the time it was built. The main fa;ade of.the Monastery, facing north,)~ dates from 1749 - 54, and its entrance-hall, a fine square room, is preceded by a high porch with an architrave and two Doric columns of granite. In the atrium rises a monumental staircase of white marble, a Baroque work dating from 1750.

The chapter-house representing the mudejar art of Alentejo is the most remarkable part of the cloister. It is rectangular in form, with a low ogive vault and highly ornate under-ribbing • . Palace of the Counts of Baste (National Monument)

This building, which was part of the Moorish Palace, was handed over in 1176 by Aton8o Henriques to the Military Order of Calatrava (later the Order of Aviz) and became the royal residence. It was the scene of several events in the history of Portugal. The future Counts of Basto took up residence there in the 15th century and gave their name to the palace.

Over the centuries several additions and restorations were madec The Palace, which is rectangular in form and consists of pavilions of different periods, occupies a vast area, with covered buildings enclosing open spaces.

On the East fa~ades, the only remains of the Gothic style are two lancet portals and a bevelled slit, while various elements dating from the Manueline period have been restored. The largest pavilion of the whole building is that containing the state rooms on the first and second floors.

It is rectangular in form, with corners inlaid with granite. The roof is four-sided, with the south side sloping down to the ancient city walls, where great blocks of stone from the Rornan and Visigoth period are still to be seen. These side fa9ades are protected by two towers. The three upper rooms are a remarkable example of mudejar architecture.

Palace of the Dukes of Cadaval (National Monument) The palace, which still looks like a mediaeval fortress, was built on part of the Roman-Visigoth ramparts.

The fine fa~ade contains a series of balconied windows, of which the jambs and friezes correspond to the style typical of the late 16th dnd early 17th centuries.

The part of the historic palace which is of the greatest archi­ tectural interest, immense and picturesque, is the back fa~ade on the north side, looking over the Pra~a dos Colegiais. This part of the building rests on a Roman-Gothic wall and is composed of a hetero­ geneous series of buildings of all shapes and sizes which were put up - 5 -

at random according to the needs of the inhabitants, and which have immense architectural charm. The quadrangular tower on the main fa~ade, with two storeys and cubic-shaped Gothic battlements rising to a pyramid, is all that remains of the old castle. ·

The Prasa do Giraldo with its arcades, the Church of St. Anthony and the 16th century fountain. - ,. ' ,..' ...... :. •• 6 -- ..... • 11, ... ":' ..... : .•

- 6

DOMUS MUNICIPALIS - TOWN HALL - BRAGANZA

Building within the mediaeval city of Braganza whose or1g1ns have given rise to a wide variety of explanations. The best founded of these dates its construction back to the 12th - 13th centuries when, it is said, the building was already used as a Town Hall. It is pentagonal in shape and has a cornice supported by a frieze with sculpted corbels, which are to be found also inside the building. On the outside are a series of semi-circular windows placed at regular intervals along the five fa9ades.

All these windows have smooth frames, except for seven of them on the east side which have an archivolt decorated with stars.

The pavement is of cut granite blocks. Inside, along the walls, runs a long granite bench said to have been used to seat the townspeople. The whole ground floor is occupied by a cistern with a barrel-vaulted roof. - 7 -

CASTLE OF VILA VICOSA

The original fortifications of the town were the work of King Dinis, who had the castle and the old city wall built, although these remained unfinished until the end of the 12th century.

The castle and its disappeared in the early 16th century during the construction of the ramparts which can still b~ seen today. In the second half of the 17th century, the castle was transformed into a fortress and the old city underwent major military works, including towers placed in the shape of an eight-pointed star. The building of this mass~ve military block, also known as the fortress, led to the total ~estruction of the King Dinis's castle and of many of the houses abutting on the walls of the mediaeval palace. The fortress ~ square-shaped with a high, three-storeyed fa~ade -is surrounded by a moat seven metres deep and six metres wide, and flanked on either side by a solid cylindrical keep. The upper part of the building consists of battlements for the launching of projectiles and a gun-battery. The square courtyard, which served as a military parade-ground, is surrounded by three-storeyed houses which originally consisted of only the ground floor and one storey, the upper floors being added over the centuries. Rising above the courtyard is the quadrangular opening of the rain-water cistern.

Inside, the rooms with their beaten earth floors, first occupied by the famous chatelaine, later used to house the stables and the armoury, are in a fairly good state of preservation.

Upstairs are other rooms which are quite as important, in~luding the Ducal Hall. Lit by windows facing on to the courtyard, it is rectangular in form, with two series of five bays separated by white marble Doric columns supporting a carved.ribbed vault. Round arches finish off the window-recesses. A series of adjoining rooms complete this East wing, which is the finest part of the building.

The northern side still has some Gothic balconies, stairs leading to the terraces and a unusual marble portal, probably the remains of the 15th century building.

The top floor, which is the most recent part of the castle, is of no particular artistic interest. - 8

CASTLE OF GUIMARAES

The original castle was built at the request of the Countess Mumadona to defend the Monastery of Guimaraes, which also dates from the lOth century. The exact date of its construction is, however, unknown.

The first extension of the building was carried out by the father of Afonso Henriques. Later, Afonso III and Dinis continued the work, but it was certainly Fernando who finished the building of the ramparts, and then the Master of Aviz h~d ~everal succes~ive towers added for more effec~ive defence.

The Castle is shaped like a round shield. Within its walls there are eight towers, four of which defended the two entrance gates of the Castle. In the centre rises the keep, about 27 metres high.

On the north-west fa~ade are some traces of a palace which·is thought to have been an addition, but whose date of construction would not be earlier than the 15th century.

Some authors say, despite the absence of proof, that this was the Palace of Count Henrique.

Ov~r eight centuries the fortress suffered extensive damage and destruction. In 1937, therefore, the Department of National Buildings and Monuments carried out restoration work on it. .' ... ·...... ( '·~·. ~.·. . .. - ., . . . . -. _, ~. ~

- 9 -

MONASTERY OF MAFRA

The building ~f the Monastery of Mafra began in 1717 according to the plans of Joao Frederico Ludovice. Initially designed !or only a few monks, it was decided some years after work had begun, to extend the monastery, and other architects must certainly have collaborated in those extensions.

-The imposing fayade of the Monastery, 220 metres long, is flanked by two large towers with the Basilica in the centre. Between the two bell-towers, with a staircase which is almost a separate pa~t of the building the fa9ade of the church rises up with its two rows of columns with capitals supporting a pediment with inlaid bas-reliefs.

The peristyle, of black and white marble, is decorated with statues signed by the most famous sculptors of the day.

The church with its single nave has exceptionally fine barrel vaulting. On each side of the nave are a series of magnificent chapels decorated in polychrome marble with an abundance of statues placed in large niches.

Also worthy of note are the jasper crucifix on the high altar, the organ, the Santissimo Chapel and, at the transept crossing, the great Sacristy with an adjoining room containing four monumental washing fountains. ------~------:;__.-. ~------,----..-----~ : ~·-· ... - : _·...... ; .. :. ~ .,_ .. ~· · ...•..., ·.:.:. .:~... ,.:.. '_.... ·.

- 10 -

MONASTERY OF ALCOBACA

The Royal Abbey of Santa Maria do Alcoba~a is an example of Romanesque architecture under early Gothic influence, and it represents today the best and most complete example of the art of the Cistercian monks. Work began in the 12th century in the reign of Afonso Henriques and continued in the years 1120-30. The original building showed obvious signs of the transition between Romanesque and Gothic and later, in the 17th century, it was invaded by the baroque style, especially in its long fayade.

On this fa9ade, two towers between Corinthian frame a central area, th• lower part of which contains the portico surmonted by a rose-window and above that, between the openings of the bell-tower, a niche with 6 statue of the Virgin Mary. The side walls of the church are Cistercian in style ; a heavy crenellated cornice supported by corbels rises above the smooth walls.

The rough surface of the apse ~iv~s an_idea of the former aspect of the Monastery. The raised arches vh1eb curve above the lumin9ue chapels and support the apse decorated vith eope-stones, look l1ke a magnificent stone crown.

The church is the largest in Portugal and its interior is imposing in its austerity. The three are of equal height, the side-aisles forming buttresses for the central nave with its crosss-ribbed vaultsQ

Twenty-four columns reinforced by wall-pillars form the twelve sections of the nave and fill the central part of the church with an astonishing mixture of styles rising in ·magnificent eley~t~on~ In -this Monastery two rooms deserve particular mention : the Hall of Kings with the great statues of the kings of Portugal up to Jose and the beautiful "azulejos" representing the different stages in the history of the Monastery ; and the Hall of Tombs of the 17th and 18th centuries containing the ·tombs of the kings, queens and princes, including in particular those of Pedro and In~s.

The cloister dates back to the time of Dinis, with some later alterations. In the Refectory may be noted the staircase and the lectern. - 11 -

UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA Porta Ferrea, Pa~os das Escolas, Towe~ Library of John V, Chapel and Building

The University of Coimbra was built on one of the city's hills in the reign of John III and occupied the buildings of the former royal palace which was redesigned for this purpose.

The entrance is through the Porta Ferrea, an artistic and architectural work dating from 1633-16}?. This entrance has two fa~ades with a barrel vault in four sections and"a portal and pediment with statues of the period of Dinis and John III, and allegories of Theology, Law, Medicine and the Canons, all attributed to Manuel de Sousa. ·

This passage leads into an immense rectangular courtyard surrounaed by a series of buildings usually known as the Pa~os das Escolas.

On the right is the Via Latina, which forms a gallery linking the different buildings, decorated with an 18th century Ionian colonnade.

In the centre an arcade framing the fa~ade by Laprade dating from around 1700 gives further emphasis to this colonnade ; it is surmounted by an ornamental pediment and c•apleted by a ceremonial staircase. In the north-west corner of the buildings is the Library Tower of Coimbra. It is a quadrangular building 34 metres high with two entablatures and four wings. It was built between 1728 and 1733 in the style favoured by John V.

The Library, which dates from the same century, is in the same characteristic style of the time. Its portal is 17th century and the interior decoration(arches, painted ceilings and wood-pane1ling) presents a harmonious blend of blue, red and gold.

The chapel, on the other hand, is an obvious mixture of styles. It is an example of Manueline art (1517-22) attributed to Marcos Pires, as is its double portal which bears the national escutcheon. Fifty years later, the building of St. Peter (then the college) vas constructed to the left of the Porta Ferrea.

Altered in the early 18th century, it is well known for its main door with caryatids and the national coat of arms surmounted by a crown, which corresponded to artistic tastes in the second half of the century. June 1985

TENTATIVE LIST OF PROPERTIES ALREADY INCLUDED OR WHICH SPAIN IS CONSIDERING NOMINATING FOR INCLUSION IN THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST

(the monuments marked with an asterisk are already on the World Heritage List)

1. PREHISTORY

a) Decorated cave dwellings Altami~a Cave, Cantabria b} Constructions - .Taulas, talayots and navetas in Minorca,

2. GREEK ANTIQUITY Archaeological site of Ampurias, ~IHIIP"'

3· ROMAN ANTIQUITY a) Engineering works

i) Hydraulic systems Aqueduct, ii) Bridges Alcantara Bridge, (Brid,e, Temple and Triumphal Arch), Caceres

b) Archaeological sites Merida {Roman archaeological site of ), Badajoz

4. MEDIAEVAL ARCHITECTURE

A. Christian architecture in the early a) Visigothic - San Juan de Banos b) Pre-romanesgue churches of the Kingdom of : • Alphonso II - San Julian de los Prados, ­ Camara Santa de la Catedral, Oviedo / . · • Ramiro I - Santa Mar1a del Naranco, Oviedo - , Oviedo - , Asturias • Later reigns San Salvador de Valdedios, Asturias c) Carolingian, Churches - San Miguel, San Pedro and Santa of Tarrasa Mar!a de Tarrasa,

B. Hispano-Muslim Architecture - The C~rdoba Mosque * - The Bell-tower of - The Alcazar, Seville

- The , ~

C. Christian Architecture in which cultures converge

a) Mozarabic Santiago de Penalba

- San Miguel de Escalada - San Baudelio de Berlanga

b) Mudejar - Mudejar towers of Teruel Mudejar coffered ceilling in Teruel C~thedral

D. Romanesgue and

a) The pilgrimages - Cathedral of St James, Huesea -

b) Military orders - Veracruz de Segovia - Torres del Rio, Navarra - Eunate, Navarra

c) Monasteries - Si~os Abbey (Cluniac)

- Poblet (Cistercian)

- Miraflores (Carthusian) - 3 -

d) Royal Pantheons - Royal Burial Places, Burgos - Santa Mar1a la Real de Najera, Navarra

; - San Isidoro de Leon e) - ~ (French Gothic and Spanish Renaissance) - Leon Cathedral (French Gothic) - Palma de Majorca Cathedral (Mediterranean Gothic) , f) Military architecture - Walls of Avila (Romanesque) - Coca Castle (Mudejar)

~'l'llllr - Bellver Castle (Gothic) g) Commercial architecture - Exchange of Valencia h) Hospital architecture Santa Cruz Hospital, Granada

5· RENAISSANCE, THE HOUSE OF AUSTRIA

a) Plateresque - Renaissance Site,

b) Great cathedrals that - Jaen Cathedral inspired others in America - Granada Cathedral

c) Herreran imperial - Monastery, ~alace and Pantheon of the Escorial, Madrid ~ '11,.... architecture The Exchange, Seville d) Theatre - Almagro Open-Air Theatre

e) Fortifications - D'Alt Vila Fortifications,

6. BAROg_UE 1 THE BOURBON DYNASTY

a) The court - La Granja Pala~e, Segovia - Royal Palace, Madrid b) The city - The Main Square, Salamanca - 4

7. NEO-CLASSICAL

Enlightened desp9tism and - Great Reception Room of the the transformation of the Prado, Museum of Natural Sciences imperial capital (now an art gallery)** and the Botanic Garden, Madrid

8. MODERN ARCHITECTURE

The unique case of Catalonian - Parque Guell, Palacio Guell and modernism in the European Casa Mila, Barcelona ~ 'Art Nouveau' movement

9. URBAN SITES

a) Old cities - Caceres

- Santiago de Compostela - Segovia - Tole.do

b) Country towns - Arcos de la Frontera, Cadiz

- Miranda del Castanar, Salamanca - Morella, Castellon

c) Urban/rural centres - Santill:ana d,el Mar, Cantabria

withdrawn