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The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan: National Strategy for Climate And The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan National strategy for climate and energy Five point plan The UK Government has a five point plan to tackle climate change. 1. Protecting the public from 4. Building a low carbon UK immediate risk To play our part in reducing global Climate change is already happening in emissions, Britain needs to become a the UK - the ten hottest years on record low carbon country. The 2008 Climate have all been since 1990. The Government Change Act made Britain the first country has more than doubled spending on in the world to set legally binding ‘carbon flood protection since 1997, developed a budgets’, aiming to cut UK emissions by heat wave plan in the NHS and is helping 34% by 2020 and at least 80% by 2050 communities affected by coastal erosion. through investment in energy efficiency and clean energy technologies such as 2. Preparing for the future renewables, nuclear and carbon capture Whatever is done to reduce emissions and storage. in the future, past emissions mean that This White Paper sets out the UK’s some climate change is already inevitable. transition plan for building a low carbon The UK Climate Projections will be used UK: cutting emissions, maintaining secure to help plan for a future with a changing energy supplies, maximising economic climate. Factoring climate risk into opportunities and protecting the most decision making means, for example, vulnerable. changing the way we build our houses and infrastructure, managing water better 5. Supporting individuals, and adjusting farming practices. communities and businesses 3. Limiting the severity to play their part of future climate change Everyone has a role to play in tackling climate change, from reducing their own through a new international emissions to planning for adaptation. climate agreement Building on our ‘Act on CO2’ information To limit global temperature increases to campaign, the Government is providing no more than two degrees and avoid the a range of support for individuals, most dangerous effects of climate change, communities and businesses, including the Government is leading international a major programme of financial help for efforts to achieve a new international home insulation and energy efficiency. climate agreement at Copenhagen in December. The deal needs to ensure global emissions start to fall within the next decade and be at least 50% below 1990 levels by 2050. The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan National strategy for climate and energy Presented to Parliament pursuant to Sections 12 and 14 of the Climate Change Act 2008 15 July 2009 £34.55 © Crown Copyright 2009 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and other departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context.The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. For any other use of this material please write to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e-mail: [email protected] ISBN: 9780108508394 Foreword Foreword by Secretary of State The transition to a low-carbon economy will be one of the defining issues of the 21st century. This plan sets out a route-map for the UK’s transition from here to 2020. With the discipline of carbon budgets, legally binding limits on emissions, we plan to drive change in every area: the way we generate energy, the way we heat our homes and workplaces and the way we travel. In Britain, as our own reserves in the North Sea decline, we have a choice: replace them with ever-increasing imports, be subject to price fluctuations and disturbances in the world market and stick with high carbon; or make the necessary transition to low carbon, right for climate change, energy security and jobs. The transition gives us the chance to lead the clean industries of the future. In demonstrating the technology to capture carbon dioxide and lock it away, for example, we can lay the pipes and the infrastructure for new, sustainable industrial hubs, and we gain the engineering knowledge to win contracts installing it in other countries. Across business, we can build up the skills to be more resource- efficient. Like the internet, saving carbon can become part of how business is done: every financial officer knowing their savings and liabilities from carbon, every builder having the skills to build in a way which saves energy. There will be costs to the transition. But they are far outweighed by the costs if we didn’t act and faced the expense of adapting and coping with dangerous climate change. The task for government is to minimise the costs of the low carbon path and spread them fairly. That’s why we are committed to drive forward energy efficiency, ensure tough regulation and provide extra support for the most vulnerable. The transition will show that Britain, while not the biggest country in the world or the largest polluter, can lead in preventing the worst effects of climate change. The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan National strategy for climate and energy The new predictions from the Met Office and other scientists, the most detailed yet, show that the impacts of climate change are not just an issue for other countries and future generations, but an urgent issue for Britain. Making the transition will take strategic action by government and a comprehensive plan. This is that plan. It shows sector-by-sector what savings can be achieved and how every department across government will take responsibility. But the changes cannot be done by government alone. There has been good progress – Britain has already cut 21% of emissions since 1990 but the move to carbon budgets signals a change of pace, and the scale of the task is enormous. So alongside the country’s low carbon transition plan, every business, every community will need to be involved. Together we can create a more secure, more prosperous low carbon Britain and a world which is sustainable for future generations. Ed Miliband Secretary of State of Energy and Climate Change 1 Contents Executive summary 3 Chapter 8: Developing a roadmap to 2050 165 Changes over the next 10 years 16 Chapter 9: Chapter 1: Further action in Northern Ireland, The challenge 21 Scotland and Wales 179 Chapter 2: Driving the transition 35 Annex A: Chapter 3: Table of proposals and policies to Transforming our power sector 51 meet the UK carbon budgets 195 Chapter 4: Annex B: Transforming our homes and Departmental carbon budgets 215 communities 77 Chapter 5: Transforming our workplaces and jobs 111 Top tips 220 Chapter 6: Transforming transport 133 Chapter 7: Transforming farming and managing our land and waste sustainably 151 3 Executive summary 4 The UK Low Carbon Transition Plan National strategy for climate and energy • Introducing clean energy cash-back Summary schemes so that people and businesses will be paid if they use low carbon sources to generate This White Paper sets out the UK’s first ever heat or electricity. comprehensive low carbon transition plan to • Opening a competition for 15 towns, 2020. This plan will deliver emission cuts of cities and villages to be at the forefront of 18% on 2008 levels by 2020 (and over a one pioneering green innovation. third reduction on 1990 levels). Helping the most vulnerable by: Key steps include: • Creating mandated social price support For the first time,all major UK Government at the earliest opportunity with increased departments have been allocated their resources compared to the current voluntary own carbon budget and must produce their system. The Government is minded to focus own plan. new resources particularly on older pensioners Getting 40% of our electricity from low on the lowest incomes. carbon sources by 2020 with policies to: • Piloting a community-based approach • Produce around 30% of our electricity to delivering green homes in low income from renewables by 2020 by substantially areas, helping around 90,000 homes. increasing the requirement for electricity • Increasing the level of Warm Front grants suppliers to sell renewable electricity. so most eligible applicants can receive their • Fund up to four demonstrations of energy saving measures without having to capturing and storing emissions from contribute payment themselves. coal power stations. Helping make the UK a centre of green • Facilitate the building of new nuclear power industry by supporting the development and stations. use of clean technologies, including up to £120 million investment in offshore wind and Clarifying that Ofgem, in its job to protect an additional £60 million to cement the consumers, both current and future, should UK’s position as a global leader in marine help tackle climate change and ensure energy. security of supply. Transforming transport by cutting average Making homes greener by: carbon dioxide emissions from new cars • Channelling about £3.2 billion to help across the EU by 40% on 2007 levels, households become more energy efficient supporting the largest demonstration project in by increasing the current programme by 20% the world for new electric cars, and sourcing between 2008 and 2011 and then extending it 10% of UK transport energy from sustainable to the end of 2012. renewable sources by 2020. • Rolling out smart meters in every home The first ever formal framework for tackling by the end of 2020. emissions from farming. • Piloting “pay as you save” ways to help Producing a longer term roadmap for the people make their whole house greener – transition to a low carbon UK for the period the savings made on energy bills will be used 2020 to 2050 by next spring and a vision for a to repay the upfront costs.
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