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A Study on Public Spaces of Kathmandu Metropolitan City for Policy Revision

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A Study on Public Spaces of Kathmandu Metropolitan City for Policy Revision A Study on Public Spaces of Kathmandu Metropolitan City for Policy Revision NOVEMBER, 2016 Submitted by: RECPHEC Resource Centre for Primary Health Care (RECPHEC) P.O.Box: 117, Kathmandu, Nepal, Ph: 977- 1-5008010, E mail: [email protected], Website: www.recphec.org.np STUDY REPORT Title: A Study on Public Open Spaces of Kathmandu Metropolitan City for Policy Revision Area Coverage: Kathmandu Metropolitan City Study Completed date: November 30,2016 Study Conducted by: Resource Centre for Primary Health Care Technical input: Suman Maharjan ACRONYMS CBS Central Bureau of Statistics DUDBC Department of Urban Development and Building Construction GoN Government of Nepal HH Household KVTDC Kathmandu Valley Town Development Committee KMC Kathmandu Metropolitan City KV Kathmandu Valley LP Land Pooling LSMC Land Management Steering Committee PCO Project Coordination Office TDC Town Development Committee TDCA Town Development Committee Act UC Users Committee VDC Village Development Committee TLO Tole Level Organization Table of Contents Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Definition of Public Open Spaces............................................................................................ 1 1.2 Importance of the Study .......................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2. STUDY METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS ............................................ 3 2.1 Study Methodology ................................................................................................................. 3 2.1.1 Preliminary Preparation and Desk Study ........................................................................ 3 2.1.2 Field Investigation and Documentation ........................................................................... 4 2.1.3 Data Processing and Analysis ........................................................................................ 5 2.1.4 Recommendation ............................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Limitations ............................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 3. LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................ 7 3.1 Overview of Public Open Spaces............................................................................................ 7 3.2 History of Public Open Spaces in KMC .................................................................................. 7 3.3 Attributes of Public Open Spaces ........................................................................................... 9 3.3.1 The Palace Square.......................................................................................................... 9 3.3.2 The Market / Civic Squares ............................................................................................. 9 3.3.3 The Neighborhood Squares or Community Courtyards ................................................ 10 3.3.4 The Transitional Spaces ............................................................................................... 10 3.3.5 Religious Open Spaces ................................................................................................. 10 3.3.6 Parks ............................................................................................................................. 11 3.3.7 Water Bodies ................................................................................................................. 12 3.4 Principle Development for Public Open Space ..................................................................... 12 3.4.1 Criteria for Open space ................................................................................................. 12 3.5 Contemporary Urbanization Pattern and Public Open Spaces for KMC .............................. 13 3.5.1 Modern neighborhood module ...................................................................................... 13 3.5.2 Changes and Challenges .............................................................................................. 13 3.6 Necessity of Public Open Spaces and its Planning .............................................................. 14 3.7 Summary of literature review ................................................................................................ 15 3.8 Policy, Acts and Legislations for Public Open Spaces in Nepal ........................................... 16 3.9 Case Studies ......................................................................................................................... 24 3.9.1 Case Study from National Context: Guita, Patan .......................................................... 24 3.9.2 Case study of Dhaka ..................................................................................................... 25 3.9.3 Case study of Kampala (Uganda) ................................................................................. 26 Chapter 4. CASE STUDY ............................................................................................ 28 4.1 Tebahal Sankata ................................................................................................................... 28 4.1.1 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 28 4.1.2 Social Issues, Environmental and Economic Issues ..................................................... 29 4.1.3 Management ................................................................................................................. 29 4.2 Yatkha Bahal ......................................................................................................................... 30 4.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 30 4.2.2 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 30 4.2.3 Social, Environmental and Economic Issues ................................................................ 31 4.2.4 Management ................................................................................................................. 32 4.3 Kathmandu Durbar Square ................................................................................................... 32 4.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 32 4.3.2 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 32 4.3.3 Social Issues, Environmental and Economic Issues ..................................................... 33 4.3.4 Management ................................................................................................................. 33 4.4 Tudikhel ................................................................................................................................. 33 4.4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 33 4.4.2 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 34 4.4.3 Social, Environmental and Economic Issues ................................................................ 35 4.4.4 Land use Change: ......................................................................................................... 36 4.4.5 Management ................................................................................................................. 38 4.5 Ratna Park ............................................................................................................................ 38 4.5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 38 4.5.2 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 39 4.5.3 Social, Environmental and Economic Issues ................................................................ 40 4.5.4 Management ................................................................................................................. 40 4.6 Rani Pokhari .......................................................................................................................... 41 4.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 41 4.6.2 Existing Scenario........................................................................................................... 41 4.6.3 Social, Environmental and Economic Issues ................................................................ 42 4.6.4 Management ................................................................................................................. 43 4.7 Nandikeswor Bagaincha, Narayan chaur .............................................................................. 43 4.7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 43 4.7.2 Existing Scenario..........................................................................................................
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