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CTT Economic Impact Study
THE POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED CAROLINA THREAD TRAIL FINAL REPORT MARCH 2007 Submitted to: Catawba Lands Conservancy 105 West Morehead Street, Suite B Charlotte, NC 28202 Submitted by: Econsult Corporation th 6 Floor 3600 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19104 and Greenways Incorporated 5850 Fayetteville Road, Suite 211 Durham, NC 27713 MarchTABLE 2007 OF CONTENTS A REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF THE CAROLINA THREAD TRAIL Executive Summary i 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Potential Economic Benefits of the Carolina Thread Trail 4 2.1 Enhanced Property Values and Local Property Tax Revenues 5 2.2 Increased Tourism 7 2.3 Construction Investment Impacts 8 2.4 Business Expansion / Economic Development 10 2.5 Air and Water Quality 15 2.6 Increased Aggregate Recreation Value 21 2.7 Return on Investment 26 3.0 Summary and Conclusion 30 Appendix A. Enhanced Property Values 34 B. Economic And Fiscal Impact Model Methodology 46 C. Improved Water and Air Quality 49 March 2007 A REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF THE CAROLINA THREAD TRAIL i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed Carolina Thread Trail (“the Trail”) will span approximately 500 miles across a 15- county region, including parts of both North and South Carolina. In addition to providing open space and enhanced recreational opportunities to residents and visitors, the Trail will be designed to “thread” communities together along routes designed by the communities themselves. The Trail is expected to help the region continue to compete aggressively with other rapidly growing and quickly developing metro areas of the country by providing local amenities for area residents, visitors, and businesses. -
Upper Mon River Trail
Upper Monongahela River Water Trail Map and Guide Water trails are recreational waterways on a lake, river, or ocean between specific locations, containing access points and day-use and/or camping sites for the boating public. Water trails emphasize low-impact use and promote stewardship of the resources. Explore this unique West Virginia and Pennsylvania water trail. For your safety and enjoyment: Always wear a life jacket. Obtain proper instruction in boating skills. Know fishing and boating regulations. Be prepared for river hazards. Carry proper equipment. THE MONONGAHELA RIVER The Monongahela River, locally know as “the Mon,” forms at the confluence of the Tygart and West Fork Rivers in Fairmont West Virginia. It flows north 129 miles to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where it joins the Allegheny River to form the Ohio River. The upper section, which is described in this brochure, extends 68 miles from Fairmont to Maxwell Lock and Dam in Pennsylvania. The Monongahela River formed some 20 million years ago. When pioneers first saw the Mon, there were many places where they could walk across it. The Native American named the river “Monongahela,” which is said to mean “river with crumbling or falling banks.” The Mon is a hard-working river. It moves a large amount of water, sediment, and freight. The average flow at Point Marion is 4,300 cubic feet per second. The elevation on the Upper Mon ranges from 891 feet in Fairmont to 763 feet in the Maxwell Pool. PLANNING A TRIP Trips on the Mon may be solitary and silent, or they may provide encounters with motor boats and water skiers or towboats moving barges of coal or limestone. -
Route of Meriwether Lewis from Harpers Ferry, Va. to Pittsburgh, Pa
Route of Meriwether Lewis from Harpers Ferry, Va. to Pittsburgh, Pa. July 8 – July 15, 1803 by David T. Gilbert National Park Service Harpers Ferry, West Virginia May 5, 2003 (Revised September 28, 2015) Introduction The route which Meriwether Lewis traveled from Harpers Ferry, Virginia to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, between July 8 and July 15, 1803, has not been well documented 1. The only primary source we have is a letter Lewis penned to President Jefferson from Harpers Ferry on July 8, 1803: I shall set out myself in the course of an hour, taking the route of Charlestown, Frankfort, Uniontown and Redstone old fort to Pittsburgh, at which place I shall most probably arrive on the 15th.2 Route of Meriwether Lewis July 8-July 15, 1803 Pittsburgh R Elizabeth E V I Petersons R Brownsville Pennsylvania O I H (Redstone old fort) O Uniontown Farmington POT OMA Cumberland C R IV Grantsville E M R O Maryland Forks of N Cacapon Harpers O N Fort Ashby Ferry G Brucetown A (Frankfort) H E Gainesboro L A Winchester R I West Virginia V Charles Town E R Virginia 1. With the exception of quoted primary sources, this document uses the contemporary spelling, Harpers Ferry, and not the 19th century spelling, Harper’s Ferry. Harpers Ferry was part of Virginia until June 20, 1863, when the state of West Virginia was created by Presidential Proclamation. 2. Meriwether Lewis to Thomas Jefferson, July 8, 1803, quoted in Donald Jackson,Letters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, With Related Documents, 1783-1854 (Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 1979), 106-107. -
Environmental History of the Blacklick Valley
A Valley Reborn: A Brief Environmental History of the Blacklick Valley “The history of my country, like many other American districts, and perhaps that of the nation as a whole, had been the slow exhausting of resources. The men in their coonskin caps, the fierce Scotch-Irish of the frontier, had driven away the larger game. Their sons, who cleared the frontier, had cut the virgin forest, and the next two generations had worn out the arable soil. My country was fed with minerals, but the coal in time would be exhausted, and then? Coal picker, Nanty Glo, 1937. Photo: Ben Shahn - Malcolm Cowley, My Countryside, Then and Now (Harper’s Weekly, January 1929) Native Americans The Native American presence in the Blacklick Valley was limited primarily to members of the Shawnee and Delaware tribes. The area was used for hunting, fishing and trading on nearby Indian paths. The Catawba Trail, a major trading path, crossed Blacklick Creek just outside of the present-day community of Black Lick. Archeological evidence indicates that small native settlements once existed here. Settlements existed at the site of today’s Blacklick Valley Natural Area, on a farm outside of Dilltown and at the juncture of Two Lick and Blacklick Creek (known as Naeskahoni Town). Early Settlement and the ‘Westsylvania Movement’ The first permanent settlers arrived in the area in the 1770s, although white traders passed through here before then. At that time this portion of Indiana County was part of Westmoreland County, while Cambria County was part of Huntingdon and Somerset Counties. The area was included in a petition circulated in 1776 to create a new state to be known as Westsylvania. -
Development of Outdoor Recreation Resource Amenity Indices for West Virginia
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2008 Development of outdoor recreation resource amenity indices for West Virginia Jing Wang West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Wang, Jing, "Development of outdoor recreation resource amenity indices for West Virginia" (2008). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 2680. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/2680 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Development of Outdoor Recreation Resource Amenity Indices for West Virginia Jing Wang Thesis submitted to the Davis College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Consumer Sciences At West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Recreation, Parks, and Tourism Resources Jinyang Deng, Ph.D., Chair Chad -
Pathways to the Future: the West Virginia Statewide Trail Plan 2002-2010
Pathways to the future: The West Virginia Statewide Trail Plan 2002-2010 Prepared by the West Virginia Trail Plan Committee Pathways to the future: The West Virginia Statewide Trail Plan 2002-2010 Coordinated by The West Virginia Trails Coalition Development and oversight by The West Virginia Trail Plan Committee Design and layout by The West Virginia Development Office Funding generously provided by The Claude Worthington Benedum Foundation Funding and technical assistance generously provided by The Corporation for National Service – West Virginia Office The Federal Highway Administration The National Park Service – Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program The West Virginia Department of Transportation The West Virginia Development Office The West Virginia Division of Tourism The West Virginia Recreational Trails Advisory Board The West Virginia University Natural Resources Analysis Center West Virginia GIS Technical Center, West Virginia University Department of Geology and Geography JULY 2002 Pathways to the future: The West Virginia Statewide Trail Plan 2002-2010 ____________________________________ West Virginia Statewide Trail Plan Committee Kent Spellman, chairman October 2002 ____________________________________ West Virginia Department of Transportation Fred VanKirk, P.E., Secretary of Transportation/Commissioner of Highways October 2002 ____________________________________ West Virginia Division of Commerce Alisa Bailey, Commissioner of Tourism and Commerce Bureau Chief October 2002 ____________________________________ -
French & Indian War Bibliography 3.31.2017
BRITISH, FRENCH, AND INDIAN WAR BIBLIOGRAPHY Detre Library & Archives, Heinz History Center 1. ALL MATERIALS RELATED TO THE BRITISH, FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR (APPENDIX A not included) 2. FORTS/FORTIFICATIONS 3. BIOGRAPHY/AUTOBIOGRAPHY 4. DIARIES/PERSONAL NARRATIVES/LETTERS 5. SOLDIERS/ARMS/ARMAMENTS/UNIFORMS 6. INDIAN CAPTIVITIES 7. INDIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE 8. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR HISTORIES 9. PONTIAC’S CONSPIRACY/LORD DUNMORE’S WAR 10. FICTION 11. ARCHIVAL APPENDIX A (Articles from the Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine and Pittsburgh History) 1. ALL MATERIALS RELATED TO THE BRITISH, FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR A Brief History of Bedford Village; Bedford, Pa.; and Old Fort Bedford. • Bedford, Pa.: H. K. and E. K. Frear, 1961. • qF157 B25 B853 1961 A Brief History of the Colonial Wars in America from 1607 to 1775. • By Herbert T. Wade. New York: Society of Colonial Wars in the State of New York, 1948. • E186.3 N532 No. 51 A Brief History of the King’s Royal Rifle Corps. • Edited by Sir Edward T. H. Hutton. Winchester: Printed by Warren and Son, Ltd., 1912. • UA652 K5 H9 A Charming Field For An Encounter: The Story of George Washington’s Fort Necessity. • By Robert C. Alberts. National Park Service, 1975. • E199 A33 A Compleat History of the Late War: Or Annual Register of Its Rise, Progress, and Events in Europe, Asia, Africa and America. • Includes a narrative of the French and Indian War in America. Dublin: Printed by John Exshaw, M.DCC.LXIII. • Case dD297 C736 A Country Between: The Upper Ohio Valley and Its Peoples 1724-1774. -
Somerset County1
SOME ASPECTS OF THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF SOMERSET COUNTY1 ALVIN G FAUST County, Pennsylvania, was organized in 1795 out of a Somersetportion of Bedford County lying west of the Alleghenies. Originally it included a large portion of Cambria County, which was formed from parts of Somerset and Huntingdon in 1804. The history of the county represents a unique area in a unique situation. It covers 1,034 square miles of tableland lying between two mountain ranges that formed a dual barrier on the westward route to the greatest open area of fertile, unoccupied land known to modern civilized man. Against this wall the westward movement dammed up like a great flood for one hundred years, until suddenly by one great rush for freedom itburst through by two major breaches and sped on its way along the Ohio Valley into the great open plains. Over these routes moved the armies that won posses- sion of this great domain for the English, with the result that theirs and not those of the French became the language and the governmental and religious institutions of this greatest of modern nations. Through this region passed some of the finest pioneering souls that the East produced, and the loss of whom itseverely protested. 2 The East gave much to the region. The region gave much to the West. Fortu- nately, some of the leading pioneers stayed inthis vigorous atmosphere, so suited to develop their fine native traits. The culture of Europe and the seaboard flowed freely into and diffused within the area, which happily was sufficiently isolated to allow a healthy development without undue eternal pressure orinterference. -
DEFENDING and PROVISIONING the CATAWBA NATION: an ARCHAEOLOGY of the MID-EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY COMMUNITIES at NATION FORD Mary
DEFENDING AND PROVISIONING THE CATAWBA NATION: AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE MID-EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY COMMUNITIES AT NATION FORD Mary Elizabeth Fitts A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: C. Margaret Scarry R.P. Stephen Davis Brett H. Riggs Silvia Tomášková Margaret Wiener Kathleen DuVal © 2015 Mary Elizabeth Fitts ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT MARY ELIZABETH FITTS: Defending and Provisioning the Catawba Nation: An Archaeology of the Mid-Eighteenth-Century Communities at Nation Ford (Under the Direction of C. Margaret Scarry) In the mid-eighteenth century, several Catawba communities were situated near Nation Ford, where the main trading path that traversed the southern Appalachian Piedmont crossed the Catawba River. Men from these communities had adopted a militaristic strategy of serving as auxiliaries for the English colonies. The alliance between the Catawba Nation and South Carolina, in particular, precipitated a set of processes that transformed the conditions of daily life near Nation Ford. Two of these processes were settlement aggregation and the incorporation of native refugee communities. In this dissertation I consider whether the political process of centralization through which refugees were incorporated into the Catawba Nation was accompanied by parallel changes in economic organization, particularly with regard to foodways. I also examine the impacts of settlement aggregation on the formulation of community identities and the farming and foraging practices of Catawba women. In addressing these topics, I consult primary documents to assess the character of the alliance between the English colonies and the Catawba Nation, and to trace the development of the Catawba’s role as auxiliaries. -
Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine
THE WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL MAGAZINE Volume 53 October 1970 Number 4 MIGRATIONS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS TO WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA Homer T. Rosenberger from Europe and the British Isles to America and Migrationsultimately to the four corners of continental United States comprise a fascinating study. The identifying of the migra- tions of any one major segment of the vast throng, throughout a half- dozen or more generations, is not an easy task. In general the early arrivals settled near the Atlantic coast. Later waves of immigrants tended to move beyond the coastal area in order to find inexpensive land. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries hundreds of thousands of people from the British Isles and from German-speaking parts of Europe migrated west. InNew York they followed the Mohawk Trail and later used the Erie Canal from Albany to Buffalo. InPennsylvania they travelled the Lancaster Turnpike, opened in 1797 from Phila- delphia to Lancaster, and the Pennsylvania State Road from Phila- delphia to Pittsburgh via Lancaster, now known as the Lincoln High- way or U.S. Route 30, a thoroughfare dating back to the construction of the Forbes Road in 1758. In the 1840's a large proportion of the persons travelling from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh on their way to the Ohio country rode the cars of the Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad and the boats on the Pennsylvania Canal which were carried over the mountains by the Allegheny Portage Railroad. The Braddock Road, An address delivered by Dr. Rosenberger, an outstanding authority on the Pennsylvania Germans. Dr. Rosenberger, a historian, an educator and ad- ministrator, is president of the Pennsylvania German Society and of the Columbia Historical Society of Washington, D. -
North Carolina Genealogy Research
North Carolina Genealogy Research Between 1663 -1777, proprietors of the English king “granted” some land in the Carolinas to settlers, who rented it. Lord Granville and Henry McCulloh deeded some land to settlers. In 1777, the General Assembly authorized counties to issue land warrants of remaining vacant land. Most settlers traveled overland to North Carolina. North Carolina Births • The city of Raleigh began recording births of its residents in 1890. • The city of Wilmington began recording births in 1904. • The rest of the state began recording births in 1913. • There are some delayed birth records of the years before 1913. Family Search.org and Ancestry.com have indexes of some North Carolina births between 1800 and 2000. Obtain a copy of a birth record from the North Carolina State Department of Health or from the County Registrar of Deeds The person obtaining the birth certificate must be: • The person on the certificate, a direct descendant, spouse, direct ancestor, sibling or guardian of the person on the certificate • Anyone with a legal interest in the certificate North Carolina Marriages Different types of county marriage records are available in North Carolina in different time periods. In general, the following types of records are available: 1741-1851: Marriage bonds 1851-1868: Marriage bonds, licenses and certificates 1868-present: Marriage licenses From 1669 to 1741, marriages were performed by clergy or civil authorities and were recorded in county records. Few of these marriage records survive. The State Archives have information about which marriage records between 1669 and 1741 are available - http://www.ncdcr.gov/archives/Home.aspx. -
THE GENERAL CHOOSES a ROAD the Forbes Campaign of 1758 To
THE GENERAL CHOOSES A ROAD The Forbes Campaign of 1758 to Capture Fort Duquesne Niles Anderson THIRD INSTALLMENT VII."Pray God Send Us a Few Fair Days"—October 1758 5 » ffUN rolling killshills okof Pennsylvania were ro8p1en6entresplendent in—tkeirtheir falltall coloring in October 1758 — they are every October yet not as • Theone wordJ off beauty1 « appears in iithe military'1*4. correspondenceAn. r\ ofrt£ the month —or in any other month of the campaign, for that matter. 149 Nature was hard and nature was rough to the road building army. The blossoming laurel and rhododendron were but im- penetrable thickets through which to hack a path. The green sea of tree tops stretching limitless to the horizon was but— an endless roof to block— the sun from the gloomy forest floor the "Shades of Death" beneath. And the turning leaves were but war paint of the enemy's lurking, scalp-bent Indians. Forbes* army, however, might as well have— enjoyed the scenery that October in 1758. They did little else besides repair roads, perform camp fatigue and pull guard. Unseasonable rains made a quagmire of roads and slowed the advance until late in the month when the uncertain sun dried the clay to permit the army to close. 150 At month's end Bouquet still was encamped at Loyalhanna where he had been joined by the rest of Washington's troops. Forbes with the army rear had progressed from Raystown to Stony (or Stoney) Creek (Stoyestown). 149 One exception: describing Loyalhanna Major George Armstrong wrote Bouquet on July 27, 1758 that it "is a very pretty place; well watered and Grass in abundence." Bouquet Papers, p.