Art & Design/Illustration (ARIL)
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Animation: Types
Animation: Animation is a dynamic medium in which images or objects are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today most animations are made with computer generated (CGI). Commonly the effect of animation is achieved by a rapid succession of sequential images that minimally differ from each other. Apart from short films, feature films, animated gifs and other media dedicated to the display moving images, animation is also heavily used for video games, motion graphics and special effects. The history of animation started long before the development of cinematography. Humans have probably attempted to depict motion as far back as the Paleolithic period. Shadow play and the magic lantern offered popular shows with moving images as the result of manipulation by hand and/or some minor mechanics Computer animation has become popular since toy story (1995), the first feature-length animated film completely made using this technique. Types: Traditional animation (also called cel animation or hand-drawn animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators' drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels which are filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one-by-one against a painted background by rostrum camera onto motion picture film. -
Photo Journalism, Film and Animation
Syllabus – Photo Journalism, Films and Animation Photo Journalism: Photojournalism is a particular form of journalism (the collecting, editing, and presenting of news material for publication or broadcast) that employs images in order to tell a news story. It is now usually understood to refer only to still images, but in some cases the term also refers to video used in broadcast journalism. Photojournalism is distinguished from other close branches of photography (e.g., documentary photography, social documentary photography, street photography or celebrity photography) by complying with a rigid ethical framework which demands that the work be both honest and impartial whilst telling the story in strictly journalistic terms. Photojournalists create pictures that contribute to the news media, and help communities connect with one other. Photojournalists must be well informed and knowledgeable about events happening right outside their door. They deliver news in a creative format that is not only informative, but also entertaining. Need and importance, Timeliness The images have meaning in the context of a recently published record of events. Objectivity The situation implied by the images is a fair and accurate representation of the events they depict in both content and tone. Narrative The images combine with other news elements to make facts relatable to audiences. Like a writer, a photojournalist is a reporter, but he or she must often make decisions instantly and carry photographic equipment, often while exposed to significant obstacles (e.g., physical danger, weather, crowds, physical access). subject of photo picture sources, Photojournalists are able to enjoy a working environment that gets them out from behind a desk and into the world. -
Toy Story: How Pixar Reinvented the Animated Feature
Brown, Noel. " An Interview with Steve Segal." Toy Story: How Pixar Reinvented the Animated Feature. By Susan Smith, Noel Brown and Sam Summers. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. 197–214. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 2 Oct. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501324949.ch-013>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 2 October 2021, 03:24 UTC. Copyright © Susan Smith, Sam Summers and Noel Brown 2018. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 1 97 Chapter 13 A N INTERVIEW WITH STEVE SEGAL N o e l B r o w n Production histories of Toy Story tend to focus on ‘big names’ such as John Lasseter and Pete Docter. In this book, we also want to convey a sense of the animator’s place in the making of the fi lm and their perspective on what hap- pened, along with their professional journey leading up to that point. Steve Segal was born in Richmond, Virginia, in 1949. He made his fi rst animated fi lms as a high school student before studying Art at Virginia Commonwealth University, where he continued to produce award- winning, independent ani- mated shorts. Aft er graduating, Segal opened a traditional animation studio in Richmond, making commercials and educational fi lms for ten years. Aft er completing the cult animated fi lm Futuropolis (1984), which he co- directed with Phil Trumbo, Segal moved to Hollywood and became interested in com- puter animation. -
The Significance of Anime As a Novel Animation Form, Referencing Selected Works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii
The significance of anime as a novel animation form, referencing selected works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii Ywain Tomos submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Aberystwyth University Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, September 2013 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 1 This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. 2 Acknowledgements I would to take this opportunity to sincerely thank my supervisors, Elin Haf Gruffydd Jones and Dr Dafydd Sills-Jones for all their help and support during this research study. Thanks are also due to my colleagues in the Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, Aberystwyth University for their friendship during my time at Aberystwyth. I would also like to thank Prof Josephine Berndt and Dr Sheuo Gan, Kyoto Seiko University, Kyoto for their valuable insights during my visit in 2011. In addition, I would like to express my thanks to the Coleg Cenedlaethol for the scholarship and the opportunity to develop research skills in the Welsh language. Finally I would like to thank my wife Tomoko for her support, patience and tolerance over the last four years – diolch o’r galon Tomoko, ありがとう 智子. -
Re-Imagining Animation the Changing Face of The
RiA cover UK AW.qxd 6/3/08 10:40 AM Page 1 – – – – – – Chapter 05 Chapter 04 Chapter 03 Chapter 02 Chapter 01 The disciplinary shift Approaches and outlooks The bigger picture Paul Wells / Johnny Hardstaff Paul Wells Re-imagining Animation RE-IMAGINING RE-IMAGINING ANIMATION ANIMATION – The Changing Face of the Moving Image The Changing Face Professor Paul Wells is Director of the Re-imagining Animation is a vivid, insightful Re-imagining Animation Other titles of interest in AVA's Animation Academy at Loughborough and challenging interrogation of the animated addresses animation’s role at the heart THE CHANGING THEAcademia CHANG range include: University, UK, and has published widely film as it becomes central to moving image of moving-image practice through an in the field of animation, including practices in the contemporary era. engagement with a range of moving-image Visible Signs: The Fundamentals of Animation and Animation was once works – looking at the context in which FACE OF THE FACEAn introduction OF to semiotics THE Basics Animation: Scriptwriting. constructed frame-by-frame, one image they were produced; the approach to their following another in the process of preparation and construction; the process of Visual Research: Johnny Hardstaff is an internationally constructing imagined phases of motion, their making; the critical agenda related to MOVING IMAGE MOVINGAn introduction to research IM established, award-winning designer, film- but now the creation and manipulation the research; developmental and applied methodologies in graphic design maker and artist. He is the creator of The of the moving image has changed. aspects of the work; the moving-image History of Gaming and The Future of With the digital revolution outcomes; and the status of the work within Visual Communication: Gaming, and innovative popular music videos, invading every creative enterprise and form contemporary art and design practices. -
Stop-Motion Animation an Introduction What Is Animation?
Stop-motion Animation An Introduction What is Animation? In its simplest form, animation is essentially making something that doesn’t move (inanimate) look like it is moving (animate). This can be done through repeated drawings or paintings (traditional 2D), using puppets or clay (stop-motion) and using computer programmes and software (CG and 3D). All of these methods have one aim in mind: to create ‘the illusion of life’. Key Resource: The Evolution of Animation The following video shows how animation has evolved from it’s very first days using contraptions like the ‘Zoetrope’. Whilst you watch these clips, think about the different types of animation used. How many of these films do you recognise? The Evolution of Animation 1833-2017 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6TOQzCDO7Y Many older animations are available to watch on Youtube, such as ‘Gertie the Dinosaur’ and ‘Felix the Cat’, and it’s important to appreciate these as being the roots of modern animation. Younger Animators might also get a kick out of watching some classic ‘Looney Tunes’ cartoons. What is movement? A movement is when something goes from point A to point B in a certain amount of time. The amount of time it takes dictates how fast that movement is. In other words, if something goes from point A to B in a short amount of time then it is a fast movement, and if it takes a long time then it is a slow movement. Experiment: Try out some actions like waving, spinning in a circle and walking all at different speeds. -
The Drink Tank
Troubled Waters by Taral Wayne Sailor, my last re- also been overshoot- maining cat, gave me a ing her litter box, lot of grief last night. She forcing me to mop peed on the bed. Nor the floor about every was it the first time – it’s other day. I grieved a foul surprise she’s given over her premature- me a few times before, ly, though. There was but fortunately at inter- no repeat of the bed vals months apart. incident. And think- The first time ing rather than griev- Sailor peed my bed was ing worked out a simply a shock. I had solution to the prob- come back from a trip to lem with the box. find a standing puddle of Hitching a reeking urine in the mid- ride from a friend, I dle of my bed. Since I had bought an enormous been away a number of plastic storage box days for the Reno World- from Wal-Mart. It con, I’d left Sailor in the was about 22 inches care of Miriam, a lady long and 18 wide, down the hall. Although and should give all Miriam plainly hadn’t ne- the room even an glected her charge, Sailor arthritic cat needed may have been distressed to enter and turn by my absence. around. Indeed, it As they say, forewarned is forearmed. My washed. So I wrote the incident off. seemed to help – though Sailor still overshot, previous cat, Amber, was in the habit of showing The second time Sailor peed my the bed it was not nearly as often, and a stiff plastic tray her distress by inappropriate wetting, so before disturbed me more, however – because there under the front of the box caught her urine leaving for Reno I prepared for the possibility by was no reason for it. -
After Effects, Or Velvet Revolution Lev Manovich, University of California, San Diego
2007 | Volume I, Issue 2 | Pages 67–75 After Effects, or Velvet Revolution Lev Manovich, University of California, San Diego This article is a first part of the series devoted to INTRODUCTION the analysis of the new hybrid visual language of During the heyday of postmodern debates, at least moving images that emerged during the period one critic in America noted the connection between postmodern pastiche and computerization. In his 1993–1998. Today this language dominates our book After the Great Divide, Andreas Huyssen writes: visual culture. It can be seen in commercials, “All modern and avantgardist techniques, forms music videos, motion graphics, TV graphics, and and images are now stored for instant recall in the other types of short non-narrative films and moving computerized memory banks of our culture. But the image sequences being produced around the world same memory also stores all of premodernist art by the media professionals including companies, as well as the genres, codes, and image worlds of popular cultures and modern mass culture” (1986, p. individual designers and artists, and students. This 196). article analyzes a particular software application which played the key role in the emergence of His analysis is accurate – except that these “computerized memory banks” did not really became this language: After Effects. Introduced in 1993, commonplace for another 15 years. Only when After Effects was the first software designed to the Web absorbed enough of the media archives do animation, compositing, and special effects on did it become this universal cultural memory bank the personal computer. Its broad effect on moving accessible to all cultural producers. -
2D Animation Software You’Ll Ever Need
The 5 Types of Animation – A Beginner’s Guide What Is This Guide About? The purpose of this guide is to, well, guide you through the intricacies of becoming an animator. This guide is not about leaning how to animate, but only to breakdown the five different types (or genres) of animation available to you, and what you’ll need to start animating. Best software, best schools, and more. Styles covered: 1. Traditional animation 2. 2D Vector based animation 3. 3D computer animation 4. Motion graphics 5. Stop motion I hope that reading this will push you to take the first step in pursuing your dream of making animation. No more excuses. All you need to know is right here. Traditional Animator (2D, Cel, Hand Drawn) Traditional animation, sometimes referred to as cel animation, is one of the older forms of animation, in it the animator draws every frame to create the animation sequence. Just like they used to do in the old days of Disney. If you’ve ever had one of those flip-books when you were a kid, you’ll know what I mean. Sequential drawings screened quickly one after another create the illusion of movement. “There’s always room out there for the hand-drawn image. I personally like the imperfection of hand drawing as opposed to the slick look of computer animation.”Matt Groening About Traditional Animation In traditional animation, animators will draw images on a transparent piece of paper fitted on a peg using a colored pencil, one frame at the time. Animators will usually do test animations with very rough characters to see how many frames they would need to draw for the action to be properly perceived. -
The Girl in the Museum Short Film Exploring the Relationship Between Women and Art
Carolina Dantas Cerqueira THE GIRL IN THE MUSEUM SHORT FILM EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WOMEN AND ART Dissertation in the context of the Masters in Design and Multimedia, advised by Paul Hardman and Alice Geirinhas and presented to the Faculty of Sciences and Technology / Department of Informatics Engineering. October 2020 Faculty of Sciences and Technology Department of Informatics Engineering The Girl At The Museum Short Film Exploring the Relationship between Women and Art Carolina Dantas Cerqueira [email protected] Dissertation in the context of the Masters in Design and Multimedia, advised by Paul Hardman and Alice Geirinhas and presented to the Faculty of Sciences and Technology / Department of Informatics Engineering.. October 2020 Abstract Women have always been a subject of art but the art that they themselves create has been systematically excluded from art history records for centuries. This has left us with a one-sided point of view of the portrayal of women in art and of art itself. In order to tackle this discrepancy, this work intends to create an animation presenting and shining a spotlight on the work of several female artists. In order to create this film I will delve into the history of animation, more specifically animation which mixes both 2D and 3D animation techniques and analyze the films: "The Prince of Egypt", "Spirited Away", "Howl’s Moving Castle" and "Paperman", by examining how they utilize these techniques in order to tell a compelling story. All with the intention to create an animation showcasing several artworks by artists in different fields. The artists chosen to study were Geng Xue, Helena Almeida, Barbara Kruger, Berthe Morisot, Guntal Stölzl, Yayoi Kusama, Marina Abramović and Qing Han. -
Pre Visit Activity 2
Animation Pre Visit Activity 2. Types of Animation. Basic Types of Animation: 1. • Traditional animation (also called cel animation or hand-drawn animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, which are first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators' drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent acetate sheets called cels, which are filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a painted background by a rostrum camera. 2. • Stop-motion animation is used to describe animation created by physically manipulating real-world objects and photographing them one frame of film at a time to create the illusion of movement. There are many different types of stop-motion animation, usually named after the type of media used to create the animation. • Puppet animation typically involves stop-motion puppet figures interacting with each other in a constructed environment, in contrast to the real-world interaction in model animation. The puppets generally have an armature inside of them to keep them still and steady as well as constraining them to move at particular joints • Clay animation, or Plasticine animation often abbreviated as claymation, uses figures made of clay or a similar malleable material to create stop-motion animation. The figures may have armature or wire frame inside of them, similar to the related puppet animation (below), that can be manipulated in order to pose the figures. -
9781474410571 Contemporary
CONTEMPORARY HOLLYWOOD ANIMATION 66543_Brown.indd543_Brown.indd i 330/09/200/09/20 66:43:43 PPMM Traditions in American Cinema Series Editors Linda Badley and R. Barton Palmer Titles in the series include: The ‘War on Terror’ and American Film: 9/11 Frames Per Second Terence McSweeney American Postfeminist Cinema: Women, Romance and Contemporary Culture Michele Schreiber In Secrecy’s Shadow: The OSS and CIA in Hollywood Cinema 1941–1979 Simon Willmetts Indie Reframed: Women’s Filmmaking and Contemporary American Independent Cinema Linda Badley, Claire Perkins and Michele Schreiber (eds) Vampires, Race and Transnational Hollywoods Dale Hudson Who’s in the Money? The Great Depression Musicals and Hollywood’s New Deal Harvey G. Cohen Engaging Dialogue: Cinematic Verbalism in American Independent Cinema Jennifer O’Meara Cold War Film Genres Homer B. Pettey (ed.) The Style of Sleaze: The American Exploitation Film, 1959–1977 Calum Waddell The Franchise Era: Managing Media in the Digital Economy James Fleury, Bryan Hikari Hartzheim, and Stephen Mamber (eds) The Stillness of Solitude: Romanticism and Contemporary American Independent Film Michelle Devereaux The Other Hollywood Renaissance Dominic Lennard, R. Barton Palmer and Murray Pomerance (eds) Contemporary Hollywood Animation: Style, Storytelling, Culture and Ideology Since the 1990s Noel Brown www.edinburghuniversitypress.com/series/tiac 66543_Brown.indd543_Brown.indd iiii 330/09/200/09/20 66:43:43 PPMM CONTEMPORARY HOLLYWOOD ANIMATION Style, Storytelling, Culture and Ideology Since the 1990s Noel Brown 66543_Brown.indd543_Brown.indd iiiiii 330/09/200/09/20 66:43:43 PPMM Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences, combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic works of lasting importance.