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Home , Bagshot Formation, Barton Group, Blue lias, Bromsgrove Sandstone, Bunter (geology), Carstone Formation

STRATIGRAPHICAL CHART OF THE : SOUTHERN BRITAIN

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 BGS Geological Time Chart Irish Sea Lancashire Southern East West North South Celtic Sea – South-west Bristol – Gloucester London – Eastern English (South) & Midlands Wales Bristol Channel Basin Thames Valley England Region Channel Eon Era / /Age age Basin Epoch (Ma) Sub-era / Period 0.01 Holocene Late Britannia 0.13 Caledonia Glacigenic Caledonia Glacigenic Group Caledonia Glacigenic Group not named Caledonia Glacigenic Group Caledonia Glacigenic Group Caledonia Glacigenic Group Caledonia Glacigenic Group Caledonia Glacigenic Group Britannia Britannia Caledonia Glacigenic Group Catchments British Coastal British Coastal Britannia British Coastal Britannia Britannia Britannia Britannia Britannia Britannia Britannia Britannia British Coastal Britannia British Coastal Britannia Catchments British Coastal Catchments Britannia British Coastal British Coastal British Coastal British Coastal British Coastal British Coastal British Coastal Group Deposits Group British Coastal Deposits Group Catchments Deposits Group British Coastal Catchments Catchments Catchments Catchments Catchments not named Catchments Catchments Catchments Group Deposits Group Catchments Group Deposits Group Catchments Group Deposits Group Group Catchments Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Deposits Group Group Deposits Group Group Group Mid Group Albion Group Albion Group Albion Group Albion Group Albion Albion Group Albion Albion Albion Group Albion Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group Glacigenic Group 0.78 * Bytham Dunwich Dunwich Bytham & Colchester & Dunwich Group Sudbury Formation Group Formation Group nary Early Formations

Cromer Forest-bed

Scale: 1 cm = 0.5 Ma Formation Quater 1.8 Nordland Wroxham Crag Formation Residual -with- Residual Residual Clay-with- Group Deposits Deposits Deposits Flints Residual Clay-with- Norwich Group Crag Group Deposits Flints St Erth Crag Formation L Formation Group Group Group Red Crag Formation 2.6 3.6 Coralline Crag Formation E Zanclean 5.3 Messinian 7.2 British L Lenham Tortonian Coastal Formation Serravallian 11.6 Brassington Deposits Gp Cenozoic St Agnes M Langhian 13.6 Formation Formation Neogene Miocene 16.0 ALPINE Burdigalian ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE ALPINE E Aquitanian 20.4 23.0 Westray Skade Lark L Chattian Group Bovey Bouldnor Fm Formation Oligocene 28.4 Formation Haldon Gravel Solent Formation E Rupelian Formation Group ertiary 33.9 not named Aller Gravel Bembridge Lst Fm T L Formation Headon Hill Formation Barton Group 37.2 Becton Sand & Chama Sand fms Barton Group Barton Clay Formation 40.4 PYRENEAN Camberley Sand Formation M Prestwich Selsey Sand Formation Selsey Formation Stronsay Fm Bracklesham Marsh Farm Formation Bracklesham Windlesham Formation Bracklesham Lutetian Group Group Group Earnley Sand Formation Group Bagshot Formation Earnley Formation Formation Palaeogene Horda Formation Wittering Formation 48.6 Wittering Fm Balder Formation London Clay Formation Thames Group Harwich Formation E Cleveland Dyke Thames London Clay Formation Thames Group London Clay Formation Woolwich Formation Moray Group Sele Fm Lambeth Group Harwich Formation Lambeth Group Reading Fm 55.8 Lambeth Fm ^ ^ ^ Group ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Lundy Granite Upnor Formation Ormesby Clay Formation L 58.7 Montrose Lista Formation ^ ^ ^ M Selandian 61.7 Group Maureen Fm Thanet Sand Formation E Danian Ekofisk Fm 65.5 Maastrichtian Rowe ‘Trimingham Chalk’ EO-ALPINE 70.6 Formation EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE Portsdown Chalk EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE EO-ALPINE Rowe Chalk Formation Formation Culver Chalk ‘Norwich Chalk’ Campanian Formation Flamborough Chalk Chalk Chalk Jukes Formation Upper Chalk Portsdown Formation Formation Group Newhaven Culver Chalk Formation Newhaven Chalk Fm Late Formation Chalk 83.5 Chalk Chalk Formation Newhaven Chalk Fm Santonian Chalk Newhaven Chalk Formation 85.8 Group Group Seaford Chalk Formation Seaford Chalk Formation Seaford Group Group Seaford Chalk Formation Seaford Chalk Chalk Fm Coniacian Burnham Chalk Formation Lamplugh Fm Lewes Nodular Chalk Fm 89.3 Lewes Nodular Chalk Fm Lewes Nodular Chalk Fm New Pit Formation Lewes Nodular Chalk Fm Lewes Nodular Chalk Fm Middle Chalk Chalk Fm New Pit Holywell Nodular Turonian Herring Formation Chalk New Pit Chalk Formation New Pit Chalk Formation Chalk New Pit Chalk Formation Welton Chalk Formation Formation Chalk Holywell Nodular Chalk Fm Chalk Fm Chalk Fm Holywell Nodular Chalk Fm 93.5 Welton Chalk Formation Holywell Nodular Chalk Fm Holywell Nodular Group Group Chalk Zig Zag Chalk Formation Lower Chalk Group Chalk Fm Zig Zag Chalk Formation Zig Zag Chalk Fm Cenomanian Ferriby Chalk Formation Hidra Formation Beer Head West Melbury Zig Zag Ferriby Chalk Formation Formation Group Chalk Fm West Melbury Marly Chalk Fm 99.6 Formation West Melbury Marly Chalk Fm West Melbury Marly Chalk Fm Marly Chalk Fm Upper Claystone Upper Greensand Formation Upper Greensand Upper Upper Selborne Hunstanton/ formations Greensand Greensand Rødby Formation (Gault) Formation Hunstanton Formation Selborne Group Selborne Fm Formation Hunstanton Formation Selborne Upper Greensand Formation Gault Formation Gault Formation Selborne Greensand Formation Group Gault Formation Group etaceous Lower Claystone (Gault) Group Carstone Formation Group Gault Formation

Cr Carstone Formation 112.0 Carrack Formation Monk’s Bay Fm Folkestone Formation Sandrock Formation Lower Sandgate Formation Sutterby Formation Lower Woburn Sutterby Marl Formation Lower Ferruginous Sands Formation Greensand Hythe Formation Knoll Greensand Formation Greensand Lower Aptian Cromer Group Group Group Group Greensand Knoll Atherfield Clay Formation Skegness Clay Formation Atherfield Clay Formation Early Speeton Clay Group Group Valhall Formation Skegness Clay Formation 125.0 Formation Vectis Formation Barremian Roach Formation Roach Formation Wealden Wealden 130.0 Tealby Formation Formation Wealden ‘Weald Group Group Clay’ Hauterivian Dersingham Formation Group Spilsby Claxby Ironstone 136.4 Tunbridge Wells Sand Fm Sandstone Formation Whitchurch Sand Formation ‘Hastings Beds’ Valanginian Formation Wadhurst Clay Formation Purbeck 140.2 Ashdown Fm Upper Purbeck Beds Spilsby Sandringham Sands Group Purbeck Purbeck Durlston Formation Middle Purbeck Beds Sandstone (a, g) Purbeck Gp Formation (a, g) (a, g) Group Lulworth Fm Portland Lst Fm Group Lulworth Formation Portland Lst Fm Lower Purbeck Beds 145.5 Formation Portland Gp Portland Limestone Formation Portland Group Portland Sand Formation Portland Gp Portland Sand Formation Sandsfoot, Clavellata, Stour & 150.8 Formation Kimmeridge Clay Portland Sand Formation Kimmeridge Clay Kimmeridge Clay Hazelbury Bryan formations Portland Gp Kimmeridge Late Kimmeridge Clay Formation Formation Abbotsbury Kimmeridge Clay Formation Kimmeridge Clay Formation Kimmeridge Clay Formation Humber Formation Ancholme Ancholme Formation Ironstone Fm Clay Formation Ancholme Formation 155.7 Woodward Formation Group Sandsfoot, Clavellata, Ampthill Clay Fm Sandsfoot, Clavellata, Upper Calcareous Grit, Coralline Group Group Ampthill Clay & Corallian Gp Group Ampthill Clay & Corallian Gp Corallian Fm West Walton fms White Limestone, Sharp’s Hill Corallian Gp Osmington & Redcliff fms Corallian Gp Stanford & Kingston fms Corallian Gp Osmington Oolite & Redcliff fms Oolite & Lower Calcareous Grit fms Seeley Fm West Walton formations 161.2 Clay Formation & Chipping Norton Cornbrash Formation Oxford Clay Formation Kellaways Oxford Clay Formation Oxford Clay Formation Oxford Clay Formation Oxford Clay Formation Oxford Clay Formation Oxford Clay Fm Formation Kellaways Fm Osgodby & Cayton Clay fms Leckenby Formation Kellaways Formation Limestone formations Formation Kellaways Clay Fm Kellaways Formation Mesozoic Cornbrash, Forest , White Cornbrash, Forest Marble, Great Oolite Kellaways Formation 164.7 Cornbrash, Blisworth Clay, Great Oolite Great Oolite Lst, Chalfield Oolite, Taynton Lst, Great Oolite Gp Cornbrash, Forest Marble, White Lst, Great Oolite Cornbrash, Blisworth Clay, Kellaways Formation Bathonian Great Oolite Gp Great Oolite Gp Frome Clay & Fuller’s Earth fms Great Oolite Gp Taynton Lst & Chipping Norton Lst Great Oolite Gp Group 167.7 Scalby Formation West Sole Hudleston Formation Blisworth Lst & Rutland fms Group Fuller’s Earth Fm Group Frome Clay & Fuller’s Earth fms Group Blisworth Lst & Rutland fms Ravenscar Scarborough Formation Salperton Lst Fm Salperton Limestone Fm Salperton Limestone Fm Mid Strangways Formation Inferior Cornbrash, Forest Marble, Cornbrash, Forest Marble, Bajocian Cloughton Formation Group Limestone Fm Inferior Inferior Oolite Aston Limestone Fm Inferior Oolite Inferior Oolite Inferior Oolite Inferior Oolite Athelstan Oolite, Taynton Lst, 171.6 Group Eller Beck & Saltwick fms Athelstan Oolite, Taynton Wroot Formation Oolite Formation Group Group Group Northampton Sand Formation Group Group Frome Clay & Fuller’s Earth fms Aalenian Dogger Formation Oolite Group Group Birdlip Limestone Fm Lst & Fuller’s Earth fms 175.6 Group Northampton Sand Formation Inferior Oolite Gp Northampton Sand Northampton Sand Formation Blea Wyke Sand Fm Bridport Sand Formation Bridport Sand Formation Beacon Whitby Sandstone Fm Beacon Mudstone Beacon Limestone Whitby Mudstone Cerdic Formation Whitby Mudstone Formation Whitby Limestone Mudstone Beacon Limestone Formation Formation Marlstone Lias Limestone Formation Formation Formation Mudstone Fm Formation Formation Whitby Mst Fm 183.0 Marlstone Rock Formation Rock Fm Group Formation Marlstone Rock Cleveland Ironstone Formation Dyrham Formation Dyrham Formation Marlstone Rock Fm Formation Dyrham Formation Ida Formation Dyrham Formation Dyrham Formation Lias Staithes Sandstone Formation Dyrham Fm Marlstone Rock Fm Early Lias Dyrham Dyrham Formation Group Dyrham Fm Lias Lias Charmouth Mudstone Charmouth Mudstone Lias Charmouth 189.6 Group Charmouth Formation Charmouth Charmouth Charmouth Group Offa Formation Mudstone Formation Group Formation Formation Charmouth Mudstone Group Charmouth Mudstone

Mudstone Formation Mudstone Formation

Mudstone Lias Group Formation Mudstone Formation Mudstone Formation

Sinemurian Lias Group Formation Lias Group Redcar Mudstone Formation Lias Group Scunthorpe Formation Lias Lias Group Blue Lias Formation Blue Lias Lias Group Blue Lias Formation 196.5 Penda Formation Mudstone Formation Blue Lias Formation Lias Blue Lias Formation Blue Lias Formation Blue Lias Formation Group Group Formation Formation 199.6 Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Lilstock Formation Penarth Group Penarth Group Penarth Group Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Penarth Gp Westbury Formation Penarth Gp Penarth Group 203.6 Westbury Formation Blue Anchor Westbury Blue Anchor Formation Westbury Formation Westbury Westbury Blue Anchor Formation Westbury Fm Westbury Formation Formation Blue Anchor Formation Blue Anchor Formation Blue Anchor Formation Blue Anchor Formation Formation Formation Formation Mercia Blue Anchor Formation rocks Triton Branscombe Branscombe Branscombe Elswick Branscombe (g) Branscombe Mudstone (g) (g) Branscombe (undifferentiated) Mudstone Mudstone (g) Mudstone (g) Mudstone (g, a) Mudstone Formation (g, a) Mudstone (g) (g) Group Mudstone Late Formation Formation Formation Formation Formation Formation Formation (g) (g) Mercia Mercia 216.5 Mercia Arden Sandstone Formation Mercia Arden Sandstone Formation Mercia Mercia Arden Sandstone Formation Arden Sandstone Formation Mudstone Mudstone (g) (h) Arden Sandstone Formation (g) Mudstone Mercia Mudstone Haisborough Mudstone Dunscombe Mudstone Mudstone Group Group Group Mercia Warton Halite Mudstone Group Group Mercia Group Formation Group Mercia Formation (h) Group Dudgeon (g, h) (g, h) (g, h) Mudstone Sidmouth (g, h) Mudstone Mudstone Formation Mercia Sidmouth (g, h)

riassic Group 228.0 Mudstone Group Sidmouth Sidmouth Sidmouth Group Sidmouth T Mudstone Mudstone Mudstone Mudstone Mudstone Formation Group Formation (g) Mudstone Dowbridge Formation Formation Formation Formation Mudstone (g) Formation Tarporley Mid 237.0 (h) Preesall Halite (h) Fm (h) Dowsing Bromsgrove Sst Tarporley Siltstone Fm Formation (g, h, d) Sherwood Sherwood Leyland Formation Tarporley Siltstone Formation (g) & Hollington fms Tarporley Siltstone Formation Otter Sandstone Sherwood (g) Formation Sandstone Bromsgrove Sandstone Fm Otter Sandstone Formation Sandstone Helsby Sandstone Formation Bromsgrove Sandstone Fm Formation Sherwood Ormskirk Sst Fm Sherwood Sherwood Sherwood Sherwood Group Sherwood Sandstone Sherwood Littleham 245.0 Sherwood Nottingham Castle Huntley & Wildmoor Sandstone Group Sandstone Wilmslow Sandstone Fm Sst & Sandstone Wildmoor Pebble Beds Sandstone Group Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds Mudstone Fm Sandstone St Bees Sandstone Sandstone Bacton Sst Fm Sandstone Hawksmoor fms Sandstone Sandstone Early Polesworth fms Group Aylesbeare Littleham Mudstone Formation Group Formation Formation Group Chester Pebble Beds Fm Group Group Sandstone Formation Group Group Aylesbeare Gp 249.7 Group Kinnerton Sandstone Fm Bunter Formation Group Group Exmouth Mst & Sst Formation Aylesbeare Gp 251.0 Barrowmouth Roxby Formation Roxby Fm Lenton Kidderminster Fm Mst Fm Manchester Cumbrian Manchester (g, a, h) (g, a) Chester Pebble Dawlish Sandstone Formation Kidderminster Formation Cumbrian Bold Brotherton Formation Zechstein Brotherton Fm Sandstone Fm Hopwas Breccia Cumbrian Exmouth Mudstone 253.8 St Bees Coast Marls Beds Formation Exeter Heavitree Breccia Formation Zechstein Coast Group Formation Group Edlington Formation (g, a, h) Group Edlington Formation (g, a) Bridgnorth Sandstone Formation Coast Gp Bridgnorth Sandstone Fm & Sandstone Fm Evaporite Fm Formation Group Formation Zechstein Gp Group Alphington Breccia Formation Group Collyhurst Sandstone Cadeby Formation Leman Cadeby Fm Collyhurst Sandstone Whipton Formation 260.4 Formation Appleby Collyhurst Rotliegendes Silverpit Appleby Rotliegendes Yellow Sands Sandstone Appleby Formation Group Sandstone Group Formation 265.8 Group Formation Group Formation Formation Group rocks 268.0 (undifferentiated) 270.6 Sherwood Sandstone Kinnerton Sandstone PHANEROZOIC Group Formation 275.6 Dartmoor Granite Rotliegendes Permian Group 284.4 Ashow Formation Knowle Sandstone Scale: 1 cm = 10 Ma 291±1 Exeter Formation 293-295 294.6 Clent Kenilworth Sst Group Bow Breccia Formation Tormentil Volcanics Formation Formation 299.0 Cadbury Breccia Formation Tile Hill Mst Fm Late Steph- Group 303.9 Warwickshire Gp Kasimovian anian + Salop Formation Warwickshire Gp Salop Formation Grovesend Formation Westphalian D 306.5 Brig Fm Halesowen Formation Warwickshire Grovesend Fm ARISCAN ARISCAN Halesowen Formation ARISCAN Halesowen Formation ARISCAN ARISCAN Halesowen Formation ARISCAN ARISCAN Halesowen Formation ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN ARISCAN West- Warwickshire Gp Warwickshire Gp Warwickshire Gp Pennine Coal Group Pennant Sandstone Fm Warwickshire Warwickshire & V Mid Moscovian Bolsovian V Kidston Etruria Formation V Etruria Formation V Schooner Fm V Etruria Formation V Pennine UCM Fm Etruria Formation V Etruria Fm V Deri Fm V Kidston V V V V V V Duckmantian Conybeare Pennine Middle S Wales UCM Fm ASTURIAN Group Pennant Sandstone Formation Warwickshire Gp South Wales Coal South Wales Lower, Middle & phalian + Langsettian Group Pennine Coal Pennine Lower, Middle & Upper Pennine Coal Pennine Lower, Middle & Upper Westoe Coal Pennine Coal Pennine Lower, Middle & Upper Pennine Gp Coal Measures 311.7 Measures Group Coal Measures fms Measures Group Coal Measures fms Group Formation Measures Group Coal Measures fms Measures Group Pennine LCM & MCM fms South Wales CM South Wales LCM & MCM fms Group Bude Formation South Wales CM South Wales LCM & MCM fms CM groups Measures Group Upper Coal Measures fms Yeadonian Holsworthy Rossendale Fm Rossendale Fm Rossendale Fm Marsden Formation Rossendale Fm Marsden Formation Pennine LCM Fm Telpyn Point Bideford Formation Marsdenian Marsden Formation Marsden Formation Whitehurst Caister Coal Fm Group Quartzitic Sandstone Early Kinderscoutian Hebden Fm Hebden Fm Gwespyr Sst Sst Fm Twrch Crackington Formation South Wales Coal Alportian Samlesbury Formation Samlesbury Formation Millstone Grit Millstone Grit Morridge Fm Formation Nam- Bisat Millstone Group Millstone Grit Group Bowland Shale Cefn-y-fedw Bishopston Sandstone Bisat Marros Group Measures Group Chokierian 318.1 Millstone Formation Group Bowland Shale Morridge Formation Marros Mudstone Fm Formation Dowhills Mudstone Millstone urian + Arnsbergian Group Grit Silsden Formation Silsden Formation Bowland Group Formation Sandstone Group Grit Shale Fm Formation Formation Group Formation Grit Late Group Group Craven Group Craven Pentre Aberkenfig Formation Teign Formation Aberkenfig Formation Group SUDETIAN ous Pendleian Pendleton Formation Pendleton Formation Widmerpool Formation Sylvan Limestone Chert Minera Fm Trambley Cove Formation 326.4 Yoredale Fm Group Teilia Eyam Lst Fm Fm Cefn Mawr Tintagel Volcanic Cromhall Brigantian Bowland Shale Formation Bowland Shale Formation Monsal Dale Formation Formation Oystermouth Formation Teign Sandstone Formation Lst Fm Hopedale Limestone Fm Formation Loggerheads Oxwich Head Limestone Valley Oxwich Head Limestone Pendleside Limestone Fm Pendleside Limestone Fm Scremerston Formation Lst Prestatyn Lst Asbian Craven Craven Bee Low Formation Lydebrook Sandstone Fm Formation Limestone Fm Pembroke Formation Formation Garwood Group Hodderense Limestone Fm Group Hodderense Limestone Fm Lst Fm Leete Limestone Lligwy Sst, Stormy Limestone Fm Garwood Group Mid Visean Limestone Clifton Down Limestone Holkerian Group Milldale Formation Ffernant, Group Pembroke Pembroke Limestone Gp Pembroke Lst Carbonifer Farne Fell Sandstone Woo Dale Peak Clwyd Group Cornelly Oolite Fm Barras Nose Formation Limestone Penbedw, Hodder Mudstone Formation Group Formation Lst Fm Limestone Limestone Llanarmon Lst High Tor Limestone Fm Formation Limestone Goblin Combe Oolite Fm Arundian Hodder Mudstone Formation Formation Formation Group Group Menai Straits, Caswell Bay Mudstone Fm Group Clifton Down Mudstone Fm Foel Formation Fron Fawr & Gully Oolite Formation Chadian Peak Gully Limestone 345.3 Clitheroe Limestone Fm Clitheroe Limestone Formation Pant formations Black Rock Limestone Black Rock Carboniferous Limestone Oolite Fm Rue Hill Subgroup Limestone Subgroup Supergroup Bowland Chatburn Bowland Chatburn Group Middleton Cwmyniscoy Mudstone Fm Limestone Limestone Dolomite (a) Jackie Parr Limestone Fm not named High Limestone High Cementstone Formation Formation Dale Avon Castell Coch Limestone faulted Avon Supergroup Early Courceyan Formation ARISCAN Avon Group Formation Group Anhydrite Village Farm Group Formation V Group Shirehampton Avon Group Redhouse Formation Formation Formation Group Tongwynlais Fm 359.2 Sandstone Formation Burraton Tintern Formation Sandstone Upper Old Red Farlow Grey Grits Upper Formation Formation Portishead Tayport Formation Sandstone Upper Old Red Subgroup Sandstone Formation Formation Upper Upper Old Group Sandstone Group Huntsham Hill Oldbury Farm Old Red Red Group Group Tavy Formation Late Sandstone Sandstone Formation Formation 374.5 Plateau Formation/ Group (Nuneaton inlier) Cwrt-yr-ala Formation rocks Buchan Formation (undifferentiated) Old Red Tamar Sandstone Supergroup Variscan 385.3 Kyle Group Group (a) metamorphic Torquay basement

Devonian Mid 391.8 Limestone Formation Devonian BRETONIAN: LIZARD OBDUCTION

Palaeozoic Devonian rocks 397.5 Brecon Clee Sandstone

ACADIAN ACADIAN ACADIAN ACADIAN ACADIAN ACADIAN ACADIAN rocks Subgroup Formation (undifferentiated) Brecon Brownstones (undifferentiated) St Maughans Meadfoot Staddon Formation Subgroup Formation Lower Early 407.0 Lower Old Red Ditton Formation Cosheston Brecon Group Bovisand Formation Lower Old Red Palaeozoic Subgroup Subgroup Sandstone Subgroup Raglan Mst,Temeside Traeth Lligwy & Lower Old Red Dartmouth Gp Sandstone Basement 411.2 Mst & Downton Castle Ditton St Maughans Group Porth y mor fms Ridgeway Cong Group Sandstone formations Sandstone Subgroup Formation Group Milford Haven Freshwater West Downton Subgroup 416.0 Moor Cliffs Fm Downton Pridoli Coniston Subgroup Freshwater East Raglan Mudstone Fm 418.7 Traeth Bach & Bodafon fms Subgroup Group Horton & Neals Ing formations Aymestry Lst Fm Upper Ludlow Cae’r mynach Fm Downton Castle Sst Ludlow 421.3 Aberedw Formation Upper & Lower Elwy Formation Cym Graig ddu & Irfon formations Aymestry Lst Fm 422.9 Arcow Formation Lower Ludlow Llangammarch Tirabad Fm Ludlow Shale fms Much Wenlock Limestone Fm Tranearth Shales Much Wenlock Lst Fm Denbigh Grits Fm Nantglyn Flags Formation Dolgau Msts & Wenlock 426.2 Austwick Formation Builth Msts Fm Formation Coalbrookdale Formation Group Coalbrookdale Nant-ysgollen Dolfawr Msts fms 428.2 Bettws Mst Dolgau Formation Mst Fm Cwmystwyth Glanyrafon Formation Woolhope Lst Fm Buildwas Purple Shales Formation Formation Msts Fm Grits Group Lower Caerau Msts & Borth Msts fms Formation Aberystwyth Grits May Hill Yartleton Formation Stockdale Crummack Formation Bron y Graig Devil’s Bridge Palaeozoic Llandovery 436.0 Group Formation Claerwen Group Rhayader Msts Fm Formation Sandstone Pentamerus Sandstone Fm Group rocks 439.0 Sowerthwaite & Derwenlas Fm Cerig Fm Trefawr Fm Huntley Hill Formation (undifferentiated) Rhuddanian Dent Group Norber formations Cwmere Bronydd & Fron Frys Formation Formation Crychan fms 443.7 Glyn Fm Lower Hirnantian Lower Palaeozoic Dolhir Mst Fm Yr Allt Fm Ciliau Fm † 445.6 Cribarth Fm Ashgill rocks Onny Shales Formation Moelfryn Mst Fm Bryn Nicol Fm Palaeozoic Acton Scott Formation Nod Glas Formation rocks Katian (undifferentiated) Cheney Longville Formation Nantmel Msts Fm Late Snowdon Tridwr Fm (undifferentiated) Chatwall Sandstone Fm Volcanic Group Cwm Eigiau St Cynllo’s Church † Formation Caradoc 455.8 Harnage Shale Formation Llewelyn Volcanic Formation Sandbian Trelowgoed Volcanic Fm Hoar Edge Grit Formation Craig Cau Fm Nant Ffrancon 460.9 Llyn y Gafr Subgroup Llanfawr Llanelwedd Volc & Aran Volcanic Volcanic Fm Msts Fm Strumble Head Volc Cregennen Darriwilian Llanvirn † Group Builth Volc & Fm Fishguard Volc gps

dovician Mid 468.1 Offrwm Volc Fm Gilwern Volc & Porth Stage 3 Maen Melyn Volc Road Uchaf Formation Or 471.8 Lower Arenig † Allt Lŵyd Penmaen Dewi Floian Ingleton Formation Camnant Msts & Shale Palaeozoic Aber Mawr Shale fms Formation rocks 478.6 Group Merevale Early Shale Ogof Hen Formation (undifferentiated) Formation Rhobell Volc Gp † Dol-cyn-afon Treffgarne Volc Fm Tremadoc Formation Bronsil Shale Formation 488.3 Monks Park Dolgellau Stage 10 Shale ~492.0 Bentleyford Mawddach Formation Stage 9 Formation Shales White-leaved Formation Group Ffestiniog Flags Lingula Flags Shale Formation ~496.0 Moor Wood Sandstone Fm Formation Formation Paibian Outwoods Shale Formation Maentwrog 501.0 Orusia Shales Formation Stage 7 Formation ~503.0 d Shale Group Mancetter Shale Clogau Drumian Formation Formation Locations of lithostratigraphical columns Series 3 ~506.5 Stage 5 Gamlan Menevian Abbey Shale Formation Upper Comley Formation ~510.0 Sandstone Fm Group

Stage 4 Stockingfor Purley Shale Barmouth Solva Series 2 Formation ~517.0 Formation Group

Cambrian Stage 3 Brand ~521.0 Hafotty Group Lower Comley Harlech Formation Caerbwdy Sandstone Fm Hartshill Grits Formation Rhinog Bronllwyd Group Grit Hollybush Sandstone Sandstone Formation Caerfai Caerfai Bay Shales Stage 2 Formation Formation Formation Lower Comley Group Formation Offshore Terreneuvian Sandstone Fm Llanbedr Llanberis Formation Slate regions ~534.6 Formation St Non’s Sandstone Malvern Formation Wrekin Quartzite Dolwen Fachwen Fortunean Formation Formation LEGEND Formation Formation Ercall Granophyre 542.0 Hanging Rocks Formation Onshore Wentnor Group Bayston-Oakswood & Bridges Fm Maplewell Bradgate Formation 559-566 Stretton Group 566±2 regions Group Beacon Hill Formation Ogofgolchfa Group St David’s Granophyre Warren House Formation Charnwood Lodge Volcanic Fm Portway, Lightspout, Synalds, Blackbrook Reservoir Fm Burway & Stretton Shale fms Rhosson Group 587 Symbols Abbreviations Uriconian Pebidian Blackbrook Ives Head Formation Group Supergroup Ramsey Sound Group Numbers relate to Group Morley Lane Volcanic Arfon Group Sedimentary environments Sedimentary Formation Caerbwdy Group the order of the 630.0 Treginnis, Treglemais & Penrhiw 614±4 Malvern Complex columns on the chart Residual deposits Evaporites – halite (h), (g), Gp/gps Group(s) 643 anhydrite (a), dolomite (d) Malvern Alluvial: alluvial fans, fluviatile Fm/fms Formation(s) Central Benton Volc 677±2 Group Complex Major palaeosol Anglesey ^ ^ ^ 702±8 Paralic: deltaic, estuarine Lst Limestone Gneiss Complex i c Lacustrine, including playa lakes, lagoons Coal Rushton Schist and coastal sabkha evaporites Mst(s) Mudstone(s) o z Aeolian: sand dunes, loess Chert/ o t e r Sst Sandstone Cryogenian Northern o p r Glacial Phosphatic, ferruginous or glauconitic Volc Volcanic Britain N e The Geological Society Scale: 1 cm = 50 Ma Clastic shoreline: beach, barrier island CM Coal Measures Bioherm Primrose Hill Gneiss 850.0 Shallow marine siliciclastic LCM Lower Coal Measures Shallow marine carbonate: shelves, Primary/early diagenetic red beds Compiled by C N Waters ramps, includes shallow marine evaporites MCM Middle Coal Measures Cartography by P Lappage (BGS) This chart is produced in collaboration with the Geological Society Stratigraphy Commission. Shallow marine calcareous mudstone UCM Upper Coal Measures Stratotype location The membership of the Commission includes the following: Tonian Southern `Deep´ marine clastic (turbidite deposits) Britain Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) J A Zalasiewicz1, T L Barry2, P R Bown3, P J Brenchley4, A Coe2, J C W Cope5, A S Gale6,7, 3 Pelagic and hemipelagic (suspension Notes BGS contributors: Solid lines denote relative certainty of the age of 8 7, 9 10 11 12 13 deposits), including chalk K Ambrose, W J Barclay, A J M Barron, D M Bridge, J N Carney, P L Gibbard , F J Gregory , M W Hounslow , A Kerr , R W O’B Knox , J E A Marshall , 1 4 Regional Stage Stratotype Section lithostratigraphical boundaries, whereas pecked 2 1000.0 M Oates14, P Pearson11 , J H Powell12, P F Rawson3, 15 , A G Smith16, P Stone12, Stenian Without interpretation lines indicate uncertainty of the position at the stage The lithostratigraphical units are defined in the BGS Lexicon (www.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon_intro.htms) A H Cooper, R G Crofts, R A Ellison, P M Hopson, S J Mathers, A A McMillan, B S P Moorlock, R C Scrivener, K Smith, 12 1 7 5 "” 1200.0 level. C N Waters , M Williams Ectasian C N Waters, and D Wilson. 1400.0 Extrusive igneous rocks A number of BGS stratigraphical framework reports are available for free download (www.bgs.ac.uk/reference/reports/home.html). These 6

Meso- Intrusive magmatism Calymmian 1 Dept. of , University of Leicester 14

proterozoic (only major events shown) 8 1600.0 Lavas: felsic Line denoting change of scale result from co-operation between the BGS Stratigraphy Committee and the Geological Society Stratigraphy Commission with the aim of The study was funded by the British Geological Survey 2 Dept. of Earth Sciences, The Open University Stratherian and is published with the permission of the Executive Director, 1800.0 reviewing the stratigraphical classification for all parts of Great Britain for which modern information is available. Reports dealing with the 3 Dept. of Earth Sciences, University College London 13 Lavas: mafic Mainly felsic Line denoting system boundaries British Geological Survey. 11 Orosirian within the 4 Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool 12 15 2050.0 Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) rocks of Scotland, the Lower Jurassic of England and Wales, the Westphalian to Early Permian red beds of 5 Dept. of Geology, National Museum of Wales Volcaniclastic Mainly mafic 10 Rhyacian the Pennine Basin, the Carboniferous rocks of the Midland Valley of Scotland, the volcanic and intrusive rocks, the Quaternary Bibliographical reference: 6 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of 7 Dept. of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum 2300.0 Felsic and mafic * The extent of the Pleistocene Epoch and the nomenclature Waters, C N, Smith, K, Hopson, P M, Wilson, D, Bridge, D M, Carney, J N, 9 16 Siderian and Neogene deposits of Great Britain, the of Snowdonia and the Lleyn Peninsula and the Upper Chalk are Cooper, A H, Crofts, R G, Ellison, R A, Mathers, S J, Moorlock, B S P, 8 Dept. of Geography, University of Cambridge Palaeoproterozoic 2500.0 Metamorphic rocks of the component stages is under review. currently available. Several more reports are currently in production. Scrivener, R C, McMillan, A A, Ambrose, K, Barclay, W J, and Barron, A J M. 9 PetroStrat Ltd Scale: 1 cm = 400 Ma Regional: high grade 2007. Stratigraphical Chart of the United Kingdom: Southern Britain. 10 Centre for Environmental Magnetism and Paleomagnetism, Lancaster University

Neoar- chaean Deformation and metamorphism 2800.0 + Namurian, Westphalian and Stephanian are regional British Geological Survey, 1 poster. 11 School of Earth, Ocean & Planetary Sciences, University Metamorphic overprint (only major events shown) stages. The Courceyan to Westphalian D are regional Information concerning the activities of the BGS Stratigraphy Committee is available at www.bgs.ac.uk/reference/stratigraphy/home.html 12 British Geological Survey substages 13 Southampton Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Meso- and for the Geological Society Stratigraphy Commission at www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/groups/stratigraphy. © NERC. 2008. All rights reserved. archaean 3200.0 Orogenic events: 14 BG Group plc

ARCHAEAN gaps denote uncertainty 15 Scarborough Centre for Coastal Studies, University of Hull Gap, hiatus Tremadoc to Ashgill are regional series (epochs) † The regional geology of the United Kingdom is explained in the BGS series of British Regional Geology Guides ISBN 978-0-751 8-3561-8 16 Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge Palaeo- archaean 3600.0