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Must Carry, SOU 2003:109 Till statsrådet Marita Ulvskog Genom regeringsbeslut den 8 juni 2000 bemyndigades chefen för Kulturdepartementet att tillkalla en särskild utredare med upp- drag att analysera och överväga behovet av ändringar i framför allt radio- och TV-lagen (1996:844) och lagen (1989:41) om TV- avgift samt föreslå de lagändringar som föranleds av övervägan- dena (Dir. 2000:43). Med stöd av bemyndigandet förordnades hovrättslagmannen Håkan Lavén som särskild utredare fr.o.m. den 1 oktober 2000. Vidare förordnades experter och sekreterare till utredningen, som antog namnet Radio- och TV-lagsutredningen. Utredningen överlämnade i oktober 2001 delbetänkandet Skydd av barn mot olämpligt programinnehåll i TV, SOU 2001:84. Den 28 november 2001 entledigades Håkan Lavén på egen begäran från uppdraget som särskild utredare. Även experter och sekreterare entledigades därefter. Från och med den 1 februari 2003 förordnades hovrättsrådet, vice ordförande, Roberth Nordh att vara särskild utredare. Till experter förordnades den 24 mars 2003 kanslirådet Magnus Larsson, kanslirådet Eva Lisskar-Dahlgren, ämnesrådet Lars Marén, chefsjuristen Peter Schierbeck, bolagsjuristen Eva Selin, rättssakkunnige Helen Svensson, kanslirådet Karin Wistrand och kanslirådet Hans Öjemark. Den 3 juni 2003 förordnades även direktören Cecilia Renfors till expert. Hovrättsassessorn Katarina Kölfors har tjänstgjort som sekreterare sedan den 1 februari 2003. Enligt tilläggsdirektiv (Dir. 2001:11) skulle utredningen redo- visat sitt arbete senast den 31 maj 2002. Regeringen beslutade den 13 mars 2003 om ytterligare tilläggsdirektiv (Dir. 2003:30) varigenom utredningens uppdrag utökades till att omfatta fler frågor. Tiden för redovisning av utredningens överväganden förlängdes till utgången av 2004. Frågan om tillåten annonstid skulle dock redovisas före utgången av juni 2003 och frågan om vidaresändningsplikten efter det att de analoga marksändningarna har upphört redovisas före utgången av november 2003. Genom ett nytt tilläggsdirektiv (Dir. 2003:100) den 21 augusti 2003 upp- drogs utredningen vidare att behandla de frågor som rör Digital TV-kommitténs förslag i vissa avseenden i ett delbetänkande före utgången av februari 2004. Genom tilläggsdirektiv den 9 oktober 2003 (Dir. 2003:121) avfördes frågan om vilka TV-mottagare som skall grunda avgiftsskyldighet från utredningens uppdrag. Utredningen överlämnade den 30 juni 2003 delbetänkandet Reklamtid i TV, SOU 2003:62. Utredningen får härmed överlämna delbetänkandet Must carry, SOU 2003:109. Magnus Larsson och Lars Marén har avgett särskilt yttrande. I övrigt har experterna ställt sig bakom de redovisade förslagen och övervägandena. Detta har markerats genom att betänkandet har avfattats med användning av vi-form. Den del av uppdraget som avser Digital-TV-kommitténs för- slag om ett fristående operatörsföretag, tillståndsgivning genom myndighet m.m. kommer att behandlas i ett delbetänkande före utgången av februari 2004. Övriga frågor som omfattas av upp- draget kommer att behandlas i utredningens slutbetänkande senast vid utgången av år 2004. Malmö i november 2003 Roberth Nordh /Katarina Kölfors Innehåll Förkortningar....................................................................... 9 Sammanfattning ................................................................ 11 Summary .......................................................................... 17 Författningsförslag ............................................................. 25 Förslag till lag om ändring i radio- och TV-lagen (1996:844).......25 1 Uppdraget och dess genomförande .............................. 29 1.1 Bakgrunden till uppdraget....................................................... 29 1.2 Uppdraget................................................................................. 30 1.3 Uppdragets genomförande...................................................... 30 2 Gällande rätt.............................................................. 33 2.1 Regeringsformen...................................................................... 33 2.2 Europeiska konventionen angående skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och de grundläggande friheterna .... 34 2.3 Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen ...................................................... 35 2.4 Radio- och TV-lagen................................................................ 39 2.5 Direktivet om samhällsomfattande tjänster (USO- direktivet) och övrig EG-rättslig reglering ............................46 5 Innehåll SOU 2003:109 3 Internationell utblick ..................................................51 3.1 Inledning...................................................................................51 3.2 Finland ......................................................................................51 3.3 Danmark ...................................................................................54 3.4 Norge ........................................................................................55 3.5 Storbritannien...........................................................................56 4 Vad händer när marknätet blir digitalt? .........................59 4.1 Inledning...................................................................................59 4.2 Fler programtjänster på samma frekvensutrymme ................59 4.3 Fler distributionsformer ..........................................................60 4.4 Tilläggstjänster .........................................................................60 4.5 Digitaliseringen av kabel-TV-näten ........................................61 5 Överväganden och förslag ............................................65 5.1 Inledning...................................................................................65 5.2 Skall vidaresändningsplikten finnas kvar?...............................66 5.3 Vidaresändningspliktens omfattning ......................................71 5.3.1 Hur många programtjänster skall vidaresändningsplikten omfatta?..................................71 5.3.2 SVT:s utbud...................................................................74 5.3.3 Andra programföretag..................................................78 5.3.4 Tilläggstjänster ..............................................................82 5.3.5 Hur skall TV-signalen vidarebefordras?......................85 5.4 Vilka distributionsformer skall omfattas av must carry- skyldighet?................................................................................87 5.4.1 Inledning........................................................................87 5.4.2 Vidaresändningsplikt för olika plattformar.................88 5.4.3 Vilka nät skall vidaresändningsskyldigheten gälla för?.................................................................................90 5.4.4 Vem skall åläggas vidaresändningsplikt? .....................93 6 Innehåll SOU 2003:109 5.4.5 Programföretags skyldighet att tillhandahålla must carry-kanaler........................................................ 94 5.5 Ersättningsfrågor ..................................................................... 95 5.5.1 Rättighetsklarering enligt upphovsrättslagen ............. 95 5.5.2 Andra ersättningsfrågor ............................................... 99 5.5.3 Förslag till reglering av ersättningsfrågan ................. 100 5.6 Övergångsbestämmelser........................................................ 107 6 Konsekvenser........................................................... 113 7 Författningskommentar............................................. 117 Förslaget till lag om ändring i radio- och TV-lagen (1996:844)... 117 Särskilt yttrande .............................................................. 125 Bilagor Bilaga 1 Kommittédirektiv............................................................. 129 Bilaga 2 Inbjudan till hearing med deltagarförteckning...............141 7 Förkortningar a. anförd, anförda ADSL Assymetric Digital Subscriber Line API Application Programming Interface, dvs. det ”opera- tivsystem” som finns i set top boxen som bl.a. gör att interaktiva tilläggstjänster fungerar i digital-TV bet. betänkande dir. direktiv Ds departementsserien DVB Digital Video Broadcasting; TV-system för digitala TV-sändningar som i stort är gemensamt för alla distributionsplattformarna med undantag för vissa skillnader som är nödvändiga med hänsyn till de fysikaliska skillnaderna mellan dem. DVB-c beteck- nar standarden för digitala sändningar i kabelnät, DVB-s standarden för digitala sändningar via satellit och DVB-t standarden för det digitala marknätet EG Europeiska gemenskapen EPG Elektronisk programguide EU Europeiska unionen Europa- Europeiska konventionen d. 4 nov. 1950 om skydd konventionen för de mänskliga rättigheterna och grundläggande friheterna IP Internet Protocol, kommunikationsprotokoll som handhar adressering och vägval för datapaket i Internet och andra IP-baserade nät 9 Förkortningar SOU 2003:109 IP-TV TV-sändningar via Internet Protocol LAN Local Area Network Mbit/s megabit per sekund MHP Multimedia Home Platform PAL Phase Alternation Lines; det TV-system som an- vänds i Sverige och större delen av Västeuropa vid analoga TV-sändningar prop. proposition RF regeringsformen RTVL radio- och TV-lagen (1996:844) rskr. riksdagens skrivelser SOU statens offentliga utredningar SR Sveriges Radio Aktiebolag SVT Sveriges Television Aktiebolag TF tryckfrihetsförordningen TSL lagen (1998:31) om standarder för sändning av TV- signaler UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UR Sveriges Utbildningsradio Aktiebolag
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