Email: [email protected] Tel.: +33(0)467593703;Fax: 67593796 * Correspondingauthor 2. Director,NationalResearchCentreon Camel,Bikaner,Rajasthan334001,India Cedex 1,France 1. Cirad-emvt,Campusinternationalde Baillarguet,BP5035,34032Montpellier cost effectivebutalsoprofitable. than apairofbullocks,andtheburdencamelenergyisnotonly arid regions(6).Camelpowerforfarminguseismoreeconomical Rai suggestedthatcamelsusedasdraftanimalsbeencouraged in where itisalsousedasadraftanimal.Consequently,Khannaand the drylands.MarketingofcamelsisanimportanttradeinIndia importance inthelocal,socialcultureofsocietiesinhabiting constant resourceforsustenance.Thecamelhasagreat In thedrylandecosystemcamelrearingisregardedasafairly The camelusesvariousadaptivemechanismsforlifeinthedesert. INTRODUCTION Rajasthan -India. bandry method-Classification Camel -DromedaryAnimalhus- Key words six wererelatedtospecificdistrictsand/orareas. classes weredepicted,fourofwhichrepresented75%camelownersand overall typologywasthendefinedfromthepreviousfourtypologies.Nine migration (15%);4)goodhealthstatusassociatedto(8%).An 2) stallfeedingonly(38%);3)pooranimalhealthstatusassociatedto were identified:1)grazingaroundavillageassociatedtostallfeeding(39%); second (6%).Fourclassesrelatedtonutritionalmanagementandhealthstatus (13%); 5)multipurposecamels(11%);6)incomefromtradefirstandcart only (19%);3)cameltrade4)ploughingand/orunder-usedcamels revealed: 1)cartusedforbothbusinessandfarm(32%);2) she-camel herds(5%).Sixclassesrelatedtocamelrearingobjectiveswere large herdsofvariousspecies(28%);3)singlemalecamel(27%);4) related toherdstructureweredefined:1)medium-sizecamelherds(40%);2) (19%); 4)verylargefamilies(6%);5)poorlandlessbreeders(3%).Fourclasses farmers (47%);2)modest(25%);3)rearingactivitiespredominating related tocamelowners’activitiesandrevenueswereidentified:1)wealthy defined classestocarryoutatypologyofcamelfarmingsystems.Five running multivariateanalysiswithSPAD3®software.Theywereassignedto were asked.Discriminatoryparametersandmethodsidentifiedwhile July toSeptember1997.Questionsaboutcamelmanagementandutilization Rajasthan wereinvestigatedin23villagesconnectedbymetalledroadsfrom One hundredninety-sixcamelownersofBikanerandJaisalmerdistrictsin Summary of Rajasthan,India in BikanerandJaisalmerdistricts A typologyofcamelfarmingsystems G. Laval Retour aumenu 1
N.D. Khanna analysis undertakenwiththesame data(9). Michel conducted oncamelbreedersof LaayounedistrictinMoroccoby systems inRajasthan.Similar methodologyandsurveywere Rajasthan (8).Thisarticlepresents atypologyofcamelfarming knowledge (5).Köhler-RollefsonfocusedonRaikasbreeders of organization ofpastoralsocietiesandindigenouscamelhealth years regardingutilizationpatterns,traditionalmanagement, (National ResearchCentreonCamel,Bikaner,India)formany Aspects ofcamelpastoralsystemshavebeenstudiedbyNRCC districts ofRajasthan,respectively(7). 59,000 and52,000camelswererecordedinBikanerJaisalmer followed byHaryana,GujaratandPunjab.In1982atotal of camel population(70.13%oftheIndianin1982) northwestern partsofthecountry.RajasthanStatehashighest 1.078 millionin1982(7)andismostlyconfinedtothe after SomaliaandSudan(2).TheIndiancamelpopulationwas With about6.8%oftheworldcamelpopulation,Indiaranksthird et al. 2 B. Faye (11). Thistypologyanalysiscompletes afirstbasic 1*
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