DOCSLIB.ORG

Brochure English

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

NATIONAL AND NATURE PARKS MANAGED BY NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION ROMSILVA The first protected area in Romania was a management structure specially established in 1994 - Codrul Secular established to ensure the management Slătioara Natural Reserve. The first of the protected area. national park, Retezat National Park, At the initiative of foresters, in 1990 was established in 1935. the establishment of 13 national parks was promoted. Subsequently, in the same year, “Technical guidelines on the management and protection of national parks, nature reserves, nature monuments and forests with recreational functions within the forest area” were Retezat and Munții Rodnei National elaborated and approved. Parks have been designated, since The establishment of the first 3 model 1979, as UNESCO Biosphere structures for the administration of Reserves. national and nature parks for Retezat National Park, Piatra Craiului National HISTORY Park and Vânători Neamț Nature Park (which were to be replicated to the other parks), was done within the project “Biodiversity Conservation Management”, which was carried out Until 1990, forest nature reserves and between 1999 and 2006 by Romsilva, national parks established on the basis the Government of Romania and the of forest management plans were in World Bank. the care of foresters, without having Since the beginning of nature conservation initiatives, Romanian foresters have been actively and directly involved in this field. Constantly supported by specialists from other fields, foresters have acted consistently to protect, complete and ensure the sustainability of the “Romanian Romsilva applies the principles of a modern management of national and forest”(Giurgiu, 1993). nature parks. In addition to the main concerns for the protection of the natural environment, the administration also places special emphasis on aspects related Foresters’ contribution to biodiversity conservation to the conservation and promotion of traditions and cultural aspects specific is found both in the creation and development of the to these areas, the promotion of tourism, ecological education and public legislative and institutional framework, and at the technical awareness. level (research, inventory, monitoring). Ecosystem in Cheile Nerei - Beușnița National Park 1 2 National and nature parks include some of the most spectacular landscapes in Romania. The altitudinal, climatic and soil variety determines a wide range and habitats from mountain forests to alluvial forests, from alpine and subalpine meadows to steppe and forest-steppe. Due to the great avifauna diversity, Balta Mică a Brăilei (2001), Lunca Mureșului (2006), Comana (2011) and Porțile de Fier (2011) Nature Parks, which are managed by Romsilva, have been designated wetlands of international importance NATIONAL PARK RAMSAR. Protected area established with the following purposes: the protection and conservation of representative samples, including natural elements Romsilva manages 22 parks out of the total of 29 designated at national of special value in terms of physical-geographical, floristic, faunal, level, of which: 12 are national parks (with an area of 308 thousand ha) and 10 hydrological, geological, paleontological, speleological, pedological or are nature parks (with an area of 544 thousand ha). other nature, offering the possibility of visiting for scientific purposes, educational, recreational and tourist. Landscape in Retezat National Park The forest area included in the national and nature parks managed by Romsilva is 583 thousand hectares (69%, of which about 171 thousand INFO hectares are included in areas of strict or integral protection, without active intervention). Of the total forest area included in the parks managed by Romsilva, 44% is public property of the state. The sustainable management of the forest area and the unaltered maintenance of some forest ecosystems by foresters, led to the declaration, in 2017, of 24,679.4 hectares of primeval and virgin beech forests, as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Of these, 24,341.3 ha are made up of 7 components: Cheile Nerei-Beușnița, Codrul Secular Slătioara, Cozia, Domogled-Valea Cernei, Groșii Țibleșului, Izvoarele Nerei and Strâmbu Băiuț which are in the public property of the Romanian state. The UNESCO site called “ Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe”, is a cross-border designation located on the territory of 12 countries in Europe, the site totalling 92 thousand ha. NATURE PARK Protected area established with the following purposes: the protection and conservation of landscape ensembles in which the interaction of human activities with nature over time has created a distinct area, with significant landscape and / or cultural value, often with great biological diversity. Mocănița: historical narrow-gauge steam train that is running even presently 3 4 NATIONAL & NATURE PARKS IN ROMANIA Munții Maramureșului S: 133.354 ha Munții Rodnei S: 47.177 ha It matters for the future! Călimani S: 24.556 ha Vânători Neamț S: 30.631 ha Cefa S: 5.002 ha Ceahlău Defileul Mureșului Superior S: 8.396 ha S: 9.156 ha Cheile Bicazului-Hașmaș S: 6.794 ha Apuseni S: 75.821 ha Lunca Mureșului S: 17.455 ha Putna Vrancea S: 38.190 ha Grădiștea Muncelului- Lunca Joasă a Geoparcul Dinozaurilor Cioclovina Piatra Craiului S: 38.184 ha S: 14.766 ha Prutului Inferior Țara Hațegului S: 8.247 ha S: 102.392 ha Cozia Bucegi Retezat S: 16.813 ha S: 32.497 ha S: 38.138 ha Defileul Jiului Delta Dunării Semenic-Cheile Carașului S: 10.942 ha S: 36.052 ha S: 580.000 ha Buila-Vânturarița Domogled-Valea Cernei S: 4.460 ha S: 61.572 ha Munții Măcinului Cheile Nerei-Beușnița S: 11.152 ha S: 36.881 ha Geoparcul Platoul Mehedinți S: 106.000 ha Porțile de Fier Balta Mică a Brăilei S: 128.196 ha S: 24.123 ha Văcăreș Legend S: 183 ha National Park NFA-Romsilva National Park Comana S: 24.963 ha Nature Park NFA-Romsilva Nature Park Delta Dunării Biosphere Reserve 0315 060 Kilometres Autor: Robert PACHE 5 6 Other tourist attractions: Buila - Vânturarița Arnota Monastery, Bistrița Monastery, Pătrunsa Călimani Monastery, Pahomie Hermitage, Iezer Hermitage, National Park Troughs Hermitage, Vătășești Church, The wooden National Park Parcul Naţional Buila church from Albac located in Băile Olănești, Horezu Vânturariţa Monastery. Area: 4.460,00 ha. Location: Vâlcea County, in the south part of the Căpațânii Mountains. Information Points: The information centres are located in Horezu and Râmnicu Vâlcea. Tourist Trails: 19 • Thematic Trails: 4 Landscape from a volcano caldera in Călimani National Park Bolnița Church within Bistrița Monastery Maiden pink The main access points in the park: Băile Olănești, Other relevant information: Cheia, Bărbătești, Pietreni, Bistrița. Area: 24.556,00 ha. The thematic trails (The Gates of the Buila-Vânturarița National Representative flora and fauna species: Location: In the center of the Calimani Mountains, Park – Nature and Spirituality, The Forest Tales and The Junior • flora: mountain avens, globe flower, mountain lily, the north - west area in the middle group of the Eastern martagon lily, edelweiss, lady’s-slipper orchid, dianthus, Ranger) were included among the most beautiful thematic Carpathians, on the territory of the following counties: yellow gentian, white ivy. trails from Romania by the Romanian Ecoturism Association Suceava, Mureș, Harghita and Bistrița-Năsăud. • fauna: badger, chamois, roe deer, red deer, pine marten, and ProPark Foundatin, and the thematic trail ”The roads of Visitor centre: Saru Dornei commune, Suceava County. beech marten, wolf, wildcat, lynx, brown bear, alpine memory- The armed resistance in Arnota” is one of the first Information Points: Panaci and Poiana Stampei, Suceava longhorn beetle, wallcreeper. historical thematic trail dedicated to the anti-communist fight and to honor of the memory of the anti-communist fighters in County. Romania. Tourist Trails : 44 • Thematic Trails: 2 Natural attractions of tourist interest: The main access points in the park: Gura Haitii, Lunca ”The Beautiful Spring” Waterfall located near Pahomie Bradului, Colibița. Hermitage, The Stone House, Bistrița Gorges, Costești Representative flora and fauna species: Gorges, Cheia Gorges, Olănești (Folea) Gorges, Buila- • flora: swiss stone pine, rhododendron, spotted gentian, Vânturarița Ridge, The Priest Chimneys, The lakes from European yew; Cacova Mountain and ”The Stone” Mountain, Curmatura • fauna: brown bear, grey wolf, lynx, capercaille; Builei, The Stone Glade, Arnăuților Cave, Lake Cave, Green Tulip Cave, Bats Cave (The Saint Gregory the Moșul Decapolite Cave). Chamois Swiss pine Natural attractions of tourist interest: The Călimani Mountains are the youngest volcanic mountains in Romania, (peaks alt. over 2000 m) located allover a huge volcanic cone. The horseshoe volcanic caldera has a diameter of about 10 km, being one of the largest in Europe. Calimani National Park is distinguished by “The 12 Apostles”, a group of statues made up of a fairytale world, with suggestive names that stirs the visitors imagination: The Old Man, The Marshal, The Martyr, or The Guter. Other tourist attractions: Calimani National Park is part of Țara Dornelor ecotourism destination. Curmătura Builei 7 National Parks managed by National Forest Administration - Romsilva National Parks managed by National Forest Administration - Romsilva 8 Cheile Bicazului - Natural attractions of tourist interest: Cheile Nerei - Beușnița Hășmaș The Bicaz Gorges, the Red Lake with
Recommended publications
  • An Assessment of the Contribution of Ecosystems in Protected Areas to Sector Growth and Human Well Being in Romania

    An Assessment of the Contribution of Ecosystems in Protected Areas to Sector Growth and Human Well Being in Romania

    An Assessment of the Contribution of Ecosystems in Protected Areas to Sector Growth and Human Well Being in Romania Improving the Financial Sustainability of the Carpathian System of Protected Areas (PAs) Final Report, October 2012 Bogdan Popa and Camille Bann 1 Contents Acronyms and abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 4 List of figures ................................................................................................................................................. 5 List of tables .................................................................................................................................................. 7 Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................... 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 9 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 18 1.1 Study context............................................................................................................................... 18 1.2 Objective of study ........................................................................................................................ 19 1.3 Overview of Approach ................................................................................................................
  • Programul Întreruperilor În Regiunea Muntenia Martie 23, 2020 Martie 29, 2020

    Programul Întreruperilor În Regiunea Muntenia Martie 23, 2020 Martie 29, 2020

    Programul întreruperilor în regiunea Muntenia Martie 23, 2020 Martie 29, 2020 Pentru lucrările anuale de reparaţii şi întreţinere instalaţii şi reţele electrice, precum şi posturi de transformare, E - Distribuţie Muntenia anunţă întreruperea furnizării energiei electrice în timpul lucrărilor după programul indicat mai jos. Zona Mt Jt Reţea Bucureşti - judetul Bucureşti Ziua / Data Localitatea, strada afectata Orar •Bucuresti, Intreupere de aprox.10 minute in perimetrul: Bd.Mircea Voda- Bd. Unirii-Str.Nerva Traian-str. Papazoglu, str. Foisorului- 00:00 - 07:00 Cal.Vitan-str. Lucian Blaga-Bd. Unirii-str. Traian-str. Matei Basarab. •Bucuresti, Str.Ziduri intre vii nr.1 bloc 6 ITB 09:00 - 15:00 Luni , 23 Martie 2020 •Bucuresti, str. Putul cu Plopi 09:00 - 17:00 •Bucuresti, Intreupere de aprox.10 minute in perimetrul: Bd.Mircea Voda-Bd.Unirii-Str.Nerva Traian-Str.Papazoglu-Str.Foisorul- 22:00 - 23:59 i-Cal.Vitan-Str.Lucian Blaga-Bd.Unirii-Str.Traian-Str.Matei Basarab. 08:30 - 15:30 •Bucuresti, str. Luica de la Nr.2 -> 42 (aprox. 4 ore in Marţi , 24 Martie intervalul orar) 2020 •Bucuresti, Str.Bulgaru Ion, Str.Slt.Fagarasanu, Str.Turnului si 09:00 - 16:00 Str.Revolutia 1848 intre Str.Maior Bacila si Str.Fagarasanu •Bucuresti, Perimetrul cuprins intre Str. Tunari, Sos. Stefan cel 08:00 - 16:00 Mare, Str. Vasile Lascar, Str. Icoanei, Str. Dogarilor. •Bucuresti, Str. Domnita Anastasia (intre nr. 3 si Str. Ion Brezoianu) 09:00 - 17:00 Miercuri, 25 Martie •Bucuresti, str. Barbu Delavrancea (intre str. Ion Mincu si str. 2020 09:00 - 17:00 Nicolae Ionescu), str. Ion Mincu nr.
  • Archaeozoological Data Concerning the Animal Food Resources Used in the Roman and Post - Roman Settlements in Dobrudja (Romania) Simina STANC, Luminita BEJENARU

    Archaeozoological Data Concerning the Animal Food Resources Used in the Roman and Post - Roman Settlements in Dobrudja (Romania) Simina STANC, Luminita BEJENARU

    7th WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONGRESS Dead Sea – Jordan, January 13-18, 2013 Archaeozoological data concerning the Animal Food Resources used in the Roman and post - Roman Settlements in Dobrudja (Romania) Simina STANC, Luminita BEJENARU “Al. I. Cuza” University Iași, Faculty of Biology, 20 Carol I Boulevard, 700505 Iasi, Romania, [email protected], lumib@ uaic.ro The archaeozoological quantification (number of identified specimens and minimum number of individuals) aimed at evaluating the relative frequencies of identified species in order to estimate the animal resources and subsistence practices (animal husbandry, hunting, fishing) such as animals used as food in each settlement. The archaeozoological data used in the present paper, proceeding from previous Figure 1. Map of studies (Isaccea, Horia, Telita Amza, Niculitel, Adamclisi, Dinogetia, Slava Rusa, Capidava, Histria, Jurilovca, Murighiol, Ovidiu), are mainly based on specimen Romania. identification and quantification. In all samples, the remains of domestic mammals have the highest proportion The faunal remains identified in (between 85% and 98%) indicating the importance of animal husbandry (figure 2). the studied samples belong to a Bos taurus Ovis aries The domestic mammals species identified are (cattle), (sheep), varied class of animals (mollusc, Capra hircus (goat), Equus caballus (horse), Equus asinus (donkey), Felis domesticus (cat) and Canis familiaris (dog). fish, reptiles, birds, mammals), Cattle have the highest frequencies in all settlements, ranging between 41% (Slava among which are predominant Rusa and Dinogetia) and 71% (Niculitel and Jurilovca). On second place is sheep/goat, the mammals (in 12 samples) which has a frequency between 12% (Niculitel) and 26% (Horia, Slava Rusa) and then; and the fish (at Slava Rusa) generally, on the third place is the pig, from 7% at Niculitel and Jurilovca till 23-24% at (table 1).
  • The Role of Infrastructure in Generating Multiplying Effects for Tourism Development

    The Role of Infrastructure in Generating Multiplying Effects for Tourism Development

    The Annals of Valahia University of Târgovişte, Geographical Series, Tome 10 / 2010 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ THE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN GENERATING MULTIPLYING EFFECTS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT. CASE STUDY THE INFLUENCE AREA OF THE CITY RÂMNICU VÂLCEA Cristian Constantin DRĂGHICI1, Daniel PEPTENATU1, Radu Daniel PINTILII1, Alina PEPTENATU1, Daniela STOIAN1 1University of Bucharest – The Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Researches on Territorial Dynamics (CICADIT), Bucharest, Romania. Abstract. Today, tourism development has become one of the main economic branches in numerous territorial systems. The problem which rises is the way this sector may be sustained for a durable development, in optimal relationships with the other components of territorial systems, so that positive multiplying effects should be gained. In the present study we aim at identifying the infrastructure’s role, of all types, in the tourism development in a space with a series of specificities. These specificities are given by the existence of a development pole, Râmnicu Vâlcea, which has the role to coordinate a settlements’ network, in which tourism may contribute to the rehabilitation or revitalizing of local economies. Key words: tourism geography, integrated development, infrastructure, local economy, territorial management 1. Introduction Tourism development becomes more and more a complex phenomenon whose social, political, cultural and economical implications are bigger and bigger, becoming the main engine of local economy, at the level of certain territorial systems (Peptenatu et al, 2009). The special spread of this phenomenon determined the apparition and development of a certain industry, an individual sector of national economy. The development of this economic branch brings into a favourable context the integrated development of local economies, by the direct determinations upon other fields, among which agriculture, constructions, transports, trading etc.
  • Planul De Management Al Parcului Naţional Buila-Vânturariţa

    Planul De Management Al Parcului Naţional Buila-Vânturariţa

    Planul de management al Parcului Naţional Buila-Vânturariţa CUPRINS 1. INTRODUCERE ŞI CONTEXT 7 1.1. Scurtă descriere a planului de management 7 1.2. Scopul şi obiectivele generale 8 1.3. Scopul şi categoriile de arii protejate 9 1.3.1. Scopul şi încadrarea generală 9 1.3.2. Arii protejate incluse în parc 9 1.4. Bazele legale 11 1.4.1. Baza legală a planului de management 11 1.4.2. Baza legală a parcului 11 1.4.3. Baza legală a sitului Natura 2000 - P.N. Buila- 12 Vânturariţa 1.4.4. Baza legală generală 14 1.5. Procesul de elaborare a planului de management 17 1.5.1. Elaborarea planului de management 17 1.5.2. Calendarul de elaborare 17 1.5.3. Aprobare şi revizuire 19 1.5.4. Proceduri de implementare 20 1.5.5. Proceduri de modificare 20 1.6. Context istoric 21 2. DESCRIEREA GENERALĂ A P.N. BUILA- 23 VÂNTURARIŢA 2.1. Localizare 23 2.1.1. Aşezarea geografică 23 2.1.2. Căi de acces 24 2.2. Administrarea Parcului Naţional Buila-Vânturariţa 25 1 Planul de management al Parcului Naţional Buila-Vânturariţa 2.2.1. Limitele parcului 25 2.2.2. Zonarea internă a parcului 32 2.2.3. Resurse de management şi infrastructură 39 2.2.4. Acoperirea cu hărţi, aerofotograme, imagini 43 satelitare 2.2.5. Consiliul Ştiinţific al parcului 44 2.2.6. Consiliul Consultativ al parcului 44 2.3. Geodiversitatea parcului 45 2.3.1. Istoricul cercetărilor 45 2.3.2. Geologia 46 2.3.3.
  • Introduceţi Titlul Lucrării

    Introduceţi Titlul Lucrării

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. XLIII 2013 RESEARCH ON THE IDENTIFICATION AND PROMOTION OF AGROTURISTIC POTENTIAL OF TERRITORY BETWEEN JIU AND OLT RIVER CĂLINA AUREL, CĂLINA JENICA, CROITORU CONSTANTIN ALIN University of Craiova, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture Keywords: agrotourism, agrotourism potential, agrotouristic services, rural area. ABSTRACT The idea of undertaking this research emerged in 1993, when was taking in study for doctoral thesis region between Jiu and Olt River. Starting this year, for over 20 years, I studied very thoroughly this area and concluded that it has a rich and diverse natural and anthropic tourism potential that is not exploited to its true value. Also scientific researches have shown that the area benefits of an environment with particular beauty and purity, of an ethnographic and folklore thesaurus of great originality and attractiveness represented by: specific architecture, traditional crafts, folk techniques, ancestral habits, religion, holidays, filled with historical and art monuments, archeological sites, museums etc.. All these natural and human tourism resources constitute a very favorable and stimulating factor in the implementation and sustained development of agritourism and rural tourism activities in the great and the unique land between Jiu and Olt River. INTRODUCTION Agritourism and rural tourism as economic and socio-cultural activities are part of protection rules for built and natural environment, namely tourism based on ecological principles, became parts of ecotourism, which as definition and content goes beyond protected areas (Grolleau H., 1988 and Annick Deshons, 2006).
  • 165 Years of Roman Rule on the Left Bank of the Danube. at The

    165 Years of Roman Rule on the Left Bank of the Danube. at The

    92 Chapter III PROVINCIA DACIA AUGUSTI: 165 years of Roman rule on the left bank of the Danube. At the beginning of the 2nd century, in the Spring of 101AD, Roman Forces marched against the Kingdom of Decebal. We already know what the Roman's rationale was for starting this war and we also know that the real reason was likely to have been the personal ambition of the first Provincial Emperor, Trajan (he was born in Hispania a man of Macedonian background among Greeks). The Roman armies marched against a client-state of Rome, which was a subordinate ally of Rome. Decebal did not want to wage war against Rome and his recurring peace offers confirm this. It is unlikely that Trajan would only have decided on the total conquest of the Dacian Kingdom after he waged his first campaign in 101-102. After this, Roman garrisons were established in the Province - their ongoing presence is reflected by the Latin names of towns (as recorded by Ptolemy). At Dobreta they begin to build the stone bridge which will span the Danube. It was built in accordance with plans made by Apollodorus of Damascus to promote continuous traffic - it was an accomplishment unmatched - even by Rome. This vast project portends that Trajan began the expedition against Dacia in 101 with the intention of incorporating the Kingdom into the Roman Empire. The Emperor, who founded a city (Nicopolis) to commemorate his victory over Dacia, has embarked on this campaign not only for reasons of personal ambition. The 93 economic situation of the Empire was dismal at the beginning of Trajan's reign; by the end of the second Dacian War it has vastly improved.
  • Acta Centri Lucusiensis

    Acta Centri Lucusiensis

    ACTA CENTRI LUCUSIENSIS nr. 2B/2014 Centrul de studii DacoRomanistice LUCUS Timişoara ISSN 2343-8266 ISSN-L 2343-8266 http://www.laurlucus.ro Colegiul ştiinţific coordonator: prof. univ. dr. Dan Negrescu secretar: prof. univ. dr. Sergiu Drincu membri: prof. univ. dr. Ştefan Buzărnescu lect. univ. dr. Valy-Geta Ceia lect. univ. dr. Călin Timoc membru de onoare: cerc. şt. dr. Leonard Velcescu (Perpignan, Franţa) Colegiul de redacţie director: Laurenţiu Nistorescu secretar de redacţie: Daniel Haiduc redactori: Cătălin Borangic Antuza Genescu Daniela Damian Responsabilitatea asupra conţinutului articolelor aparţine în mod exclusiv autorilor 3 Cuprins Argument Laurenţiu Nistorescu _6 Ficţiunea retragerii aureliene şi destructurarea sa conceptuală Studii şi însemnări V.D. Călărăşanu 18 Însemnări privind relaţia regalităţii geto-dacice cu sacerdoţiul dionisiac Bogdan Muscalu 23 Tradiţii romane în istoria serviciilor de intelligence Constantin Elen 37 Din nou despre termenul limigantes Dan Negrescu 39 Despre o menţiune ieronimiană Remus Mihai Feraru 42 Relațiile dintre Biserică și stat în viziunea Sfântului Maxim Mărturisitorul Convergenţe Sergiu Enache 57 Două topoare de luptă din fier descoperite la Gătaia Sorin Damian 62 Repere evenimenţiale în evoluţiile de la Dunăre din secolele VIII-IX Lecturi critice Claudia S. Popescu 67 Chestiunea celţilor intracarpatici şi câteva prezumţii de relativizat 4 Daniela Damian 71 Semnal: Peuce XII/2014 Basarab Constantin 73 Kallatida, prefigurarea unei monografii Dosar DakkHabbit Daniel Haiduc 76 DakHabbit: Investigaţii cartodinamice ale habitatului Daciei preromane Cătălin Borangic, Alexandru Berzovan 82 Concepte despre cetatea dacică (I) 5 Argument 6 Laurenţiu Nistorescu Ficţiunea retragerii aureliene şi destructurarea sa conceptuală1 The fictionality of the Aurelian withdrawal and its conceptual dismantle Abstract: The “Aurelian withdrawal” phrase appeared as a result of misreading the literary sources and a simplistic – and sometimes tendentious – perception of the historical processes.
  • Retezat Wilderness Brief

    Retezat Wilderness Brief

    European Wilderness Network Retezat Wilderness 2018 © European Wilderness Society www.wilderness-society.org European Wilderness Network Retezat Wilderness, Romania The 10 440 ha Retezat Wilderness is embedded in the Retezat Wilderness information National Park, the oldest national park in Romania. The park is Protected area Retezat National Park located in the southwestern part of the Carpathian Mountains. Wilderness Retezat Wilderness It contains more than 30 peaks over 2 200 metres and 54 perma- Country Romania nent lakes. The park was created in 1935, when the Romanian Size of the 38 047 ha government set aside an area that was part of the Retezat Moun- protected area tains and created the country’s first National Park. The Retezat Size of the 10 440 ha Wilderness protects one of the last remaining pristine areas of the Wilderness Carpathian Mountains, and is also an important model to protect First Audit 2004 Wilderness all over the Carpathians. The Gemenele (“The Most Recent Audit 2010 Twins” in Romanian) is a scientific reserve which has Old-growth conifer forest, steep granite been part of Retezat Wilderness for several decades. This and limestone mountains, wild moun- Wilderness Retezat Wilderness is protecting an intact primeval forest and a tain creeks, glacial lakes, favourable Uniqueness landscape shaped by glaciers in the past. habitat for rare species such as bear, wolf, and eagles Number of visitors ILDERNE W SS European Wilderness Quality Standard Audit System N Q per year to the approx. 20 000 A U E A P L O I protected area R T Y The 10 440 ha Retezat Wilderness was audited in 2004, 2006, U E Number of visitors E U 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and meets the Platinum Wilderness R Y O T PLATINUM IE PE C A O per year to the approx.
  • Attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists Toward the Protected Area of Retezat National Park, Romania

    Attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists Toward the Protected Area of Retezat National Park, Romania

    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 4-2012 Attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists Toward the Protected Area of Retezat National Park, Romania Andrea Blanka Szell Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Human Geography Commons, and the Nature and Society Relations Commons Recommended Citation Szell, Andrea Blanka, "Attitudes and Perceptions of Local Residents and Tourists Toward the Protected Area of Retezat National Park, Romania" (2012). Master's Theses. 59. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/59 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. an 999 9 ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF LOCAL RESIDENTS AND TOURISTS TOWARD THE PROTECTED AREA OF RETEZAT NATIONAL PARK, ROMANIA by Andrea Blanka Szell A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty ofThe Graduate College in partial fulfillment ofthe requirements for the Degree ofMaster ofArts Department of Geography Advisor: Lucius Hallett, IV, Ph.D. Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan April 2012 ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF LOCAL RESIDENTS AND TOURISTS TOWARD THE PROTECTED AREA OF RETEZAT NATIONAL PARK, ROMANIA Andrea Blanka Szell, M.A. Western Michigan University, 2012 Despite the fact that there has been a significant increase in interest in the sustainable management of protected areas (PAs), many of them still fail to meet conservation goals. Considering that the availability of financial resources and the general public's interest toward environmental conservation play such an important role in the successful performance ofPAs, it is ofgreat importance to investigate local residents' and visitors' attitudes and perceptions regarding PAs.
  • Dacia Superior West

    Dacia Superior West

    Durham E-Theses The evolution of roman frontier defence systems and fortications the lower danube provinces in the rst and second centuries AD Karavas, John How to cite: Karavas, John (2001) The evolution of roman frontier defence systems and fortications the lower danube provinces in the rst and second centuries AD, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3957/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE EVOLUTION OF ROMAN FRONTIER DEFENCE SYSTEMS AND FORTIFICATIONS IN THE LO\VER DANUBE PROVINCES IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES AD Volume II JOHN KARA VAS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published in any form, including Electronic and the Internet, without the author's prior written consent. All information derived from this thesis must be acknowledged appropriately.
  • Background Document of the Strategy for the Sustainable Tourism Development of the Carpathians, 2014

    Background Document of the Strategy for the Sustainable Tourism Development of the Carpathians, 2014

    33 BACKGROUND DOCUMENT of the STRATEGY FOR THE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF THE CARPATHIANS CARPATHIAN CONVENTION WORKING GROUP ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM This document contains 82 pages TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 TOURISM IN THE CARPATHIANS ..................................................................................................... 4 1.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE AND DEFINITION.......................................................................................... 5 1.3 PARTNERS ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.3.1 Organizational partners ..................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 NGOs, Industry partners .................................................................................................... 8 1.3.3 Results of the Stakeholder Consultations in 2013 ............................................................. 9 1.4 CHALLENGES AHEAD ................................................................................................................. 13 2 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................... 15 2.1 REVIEW OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION ..................................................................................... 15 2.1.1 Related Plans, Documents