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Te Tātua a Riukiuta Three Kings Heritage Study 2015 Authors: Dr Elizabeth Pishief and John Adam

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Te Tātua a Riukiuta Three Kings Heritage Study 2015 Authors: Dr Elizabeth Pishief and John Adam Te Tātua a Riukiuta Three Kings Heritage Study 2015 Authors: Dr Elizabeth Pishief and John Adam. With assistance from Garth Houltham, Margaret Ting and the Mount Roskill Historical Society; Mana Whēnua: Te Akitai Waiohua; Te Kawerau a Maki; Ngāti Tamaoho; Ngāti Te Ata; Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei. Cover image: Metal Reserve (strip above Recreation Reserve outlined) and the Board offices and pound (sec. 85C) “Reserves-volcanic cones, 1914-1974”, BADY A1645 1109, Box 565, Ref. (e), No. 8/5/106, Pt. 1, National Archives, Auckland. Te Tātua a Riukiuta Three Kings Heritage Study 1 Foreword The Puketāpapa Local Board is very pleased to make this Te Tātua a Riukiuta-Three Kings Heritage Study available to the community. Our history is as important and interesting as that of any other community, but has not been as well documented and celebrated as that of many other areas. The local board is working to turn that around. This publication complements several other pieces of research commissioned by the Board in recent years, including: • Puketāpapa- Mt Roskill Heritage Survey (2014) • Waikōwhai Coast Heritage Study (2015) • Understanding Mt Roskill through the careers and achievements of Keith Hay and Arthur Faulkner (due for completion late 2015) Council has also produced an excellent history of Monte Cecilia Park (2012), and the former Mt Roskill Community Board commissioned Jade Reidy’s 'Not Just Passing Through' (revised 2013), a very readable, broad overview of Roskill’s history. Copies have been provided to the Mt Roskill library and local schools. You can contact the Puketāpapa Local Board on 09 3674310 or at [email protected] for more information. The Board would like to thank authors Dr Elizabeth Pishief and John Adam and also to acknowledge the Mt Roskill (Puketāpapa) Historical Society for their ongoing support and expertise. Enjoy the read! Michael Wood Puketapapa Local Board Heritage Portfolio-holder August 2015 2 Contents Introduction ................................................................................................... 7 Geology ........................................................................................................ 9 Vegetation in 1870 ...................................................................................... 13 Vegetation in 1880s ........................................................................... 16 The First People ......................................................................................... 17 Ngāti Te Ata and Te Akitai Waiohua .................................................. 17 Te Kawerau a Maki ............................................................................ 18 Ngaoho .............................................................................................. 19 The Great Fleet migration ........................................................................... 23 Riukiuta the Navigator of the Tainui waka .......................................... 25 Arrival of Tainui and Te Arawa in Āotearoa ........................................ 26 Riukiuta at Tāmaki Makaurau............................................................. 29 The Legend of Te Tatua Pa ........................................................................ 30 Ngai-Riu-ki-uta Residents at Te Tatua ............................................... 32 The Building of the Canoe ‘Kawenga-Roimata’ .................................. 35 Visit to Moehau, Death of Whao-roa, and his Sons Return ................ 36 Further Quarrels at Te Tatua between the Brothers ........................... 37 The Stone Walls of Te Tatua.............................................................. 38 Kowhatukiteuru of Te Kawerau a Maki ............................................... 38 The curse of Te Kawerau ................................................................... 39 War against Te Kawerau .................................................................... 39 Battle at Kanohi .................................................................................. 40 Final History of the Brothers ............................................................... 40 Kiwi Tāmaki ........................................................................................ 41 The Story of Ponga and Puhihuia ...................................................... 42 E.H. Nepia’s history, including the story of Ureia ............................... 43 European History of Three Kings ................................................................ 45 The Settlers ........................................................................................ 45 Later Residents and Occupations ...................................................... 56 The Three Kings Dairy Factory .......................................................... 56 Occupants of Three Kings Road in 1921 ........................................... 57 Education .................................................................................................... 58 3 The Wesleyan Missionary Society ..................................................... 58 The Beginnings of Wesleyan Methodism in New Zealand 1823–40 .. 58 The Wesleyans in Auckland ............................................................... 60 Three Kings Native Institution ..................................................................... 63 Land ................................................................................................... 63 Supplementary Income ...................................................................... 64 Buildings ............................................................................................ 67 The First Period 1848/9 –1869 ........................................................... 70 Pupils and Māori Teachers ................................................................ 72 Native Assessors ............................................................................... 75 The Second Period 1876 -1923 ......................................................... 77 Ministers ............................................................................................. 79 Maori Ministers Trained at the Institution ........................................... 80 Grafton Road Period 1845-1848 ........................................................ 80 Three Kings Period 1845-1848 .......................................................... 80 Three Kings Period 1876-1922 .......................................................... 80 The Move to Paerata .......................................................................... 80 The Vegetation at Three Kings Institution .......................................... 83 Influence of Rev. Simmonds .............................................................. 84 Mount Roskill/Three Kings School .............................................................. 85 Early days .......................................................................................... 87 Mt Roskill/Three Kings School Buildings ............................................ 89 The School Grounds .......................................................................... 91 The History of the Reserves ....................................................................... 97 Crown Land - Occupation Licenses ................................................... 97 Depasturing Licenses ......................................................................... 98 Tree Cultivation and Plantation Reserves .......................................... 98 Recreation and Quarry Reserves ....................................................... 99 Images of Reserves ........................................................................... 99 “Public Parks” ................................................................................... 104 The Māori Fortifications .................................................................... 110 ‘Protection’ of Te Tatua a Riukiuta ............................................................ 114 Petition to Parliament 1914 .............................................................. 114 Hugh Boscawen: Report 1914 ......................................................... 115 4 Water reservoir ................................................................................. 117 Mana Whenua Connections to Te Tatua a Riukiuta and the Cultural Values ................................................................................................................. 118 Te Akitai Waiohua ............................................................................ 118 Ngāti Te Ata ..................................................................................... 119 Kawerau a Maki ............................................................................... 119 Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki ........................................................................... 121 Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei ........................................................................ 121 Significant Places and Names associated with Te Tatua a Riukiuta ........ 123 Te Tātua o Riukiuta .......................................................................... 124 Te Tātua o Pere ............................................................................... 125 Koheraunui ....................................................................................... 126 Te Onekiri......................................................................................... 126 Omahu ............................................................................................
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