SUNDAY, NOVEMBER F>, 1921

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SUNDAY, NOVEMBER F>, 1921 MAGAZINE TRIBUNE INSTITUTE MAGAZINE BOOK SECTION Sfew fltotK TRIBUNE INSTITUTE Stifcan* BOOK SECTION ¡PART V. «FOURTEEN PAGES SUNDAY, NOVEMBER f>, 1921 PART V. FOURTEEN PAGES AT THE SHRINE OF AN AMERICA'S Unknown silent -. UNKNOWN Soldier, SOLDIER eotsfoitex of thousands of mothers Drawings by C B. FALLS f Verses by ARTHUR CHAPMAN »¦"wenty-ßve yards, this officer went out ahead wh«.»e sons are In unnamed graves in of his first line toward a machine Fra:u?e. «"ill be buned in Arlington gun cest( and worked his way around its flank, leavin-j gptterj on Armistice Day, Friday, Nov-em- a two soldiers in front. When he grot within ten ir of the it ceased resting in state for a yards gun firing and four ci After day and a the I night ander 'he great dome of the national enemy appeared, three of whom were shot by Lieutenant Woodfill. The an offi¬ Cspit-'.¦. (? Unknown Soldier, who might have fourth, cer, rushed at Lieutenant who at¬ jjed tn Beiieaa Wood or at Chateau Thierry, Woodfill, tempted to club the officer with his rifle. After or in tr-v Argoane or the St. Älihiei salient, a hand-to-hand struggle Lieutenant Woodfill or who perhaps fell at some lonely outpost, the killed the officer with his pistol. His name of which never will figure in company history, thereupon continued to advance until «nil be ».arned to the nation's great Valhalla. shortly afterward another machine nest was en¬ '.. on foot gun ¦fresidei Harding, and accompanied countered. by the members of his Cabinet and other offi¬ "Calling on his men to ciais, w march with the funeral follow, Lieutenant cortege. Woodfill rushed ahead of his line ir*. the Former President Wilson, if his health face per- of heavy fire from the nest, and when several -jiiis, wil ha\e his place at the cemetery. For of the enemy appeared above the nest he shot two by Presidential proclamation, them, capturing three members of the crew basine»3 and pleasure wiil be suspended every- and silencing the gun. A few minutes later .jrher'- throughout the nation. Men, women this officer for the third time demostrated con¬ and ,-. ildren, in whose behalf the Unknown spicuous daring by charging another machine Soidit*- gave his Ufe, will pay silent tribute gun position, killing five men in one machine not aio to this one but to man, his 2,0U0,000 gun pit with his rifle. He then drew his comrades, who re¬ fighting without thought of volver and started to jump into the pit wh«m persiana, reward assumed the burdens heavy two other ganners, only a few yards away, war in of of defense iiberty. turned their gun on him. Fr-i », England and Italy have honored "Failing to kill them with his revolver, he their inknown soldiers. The United States grabbed a pick lying near by and killed both has h .ped. through its personal representa¬ oí them. Inspired by the «exceptional courage tives paying tribute to those fallen heroes. displayed by this officer, his men pressed on to Xow from the far corners of the world will their objecttive under severe shell and machine come:- tributes to America's Unknown Soldier. gun fire." From every state in the Union where there Woodfill was mustered out of the war army are mothers who have had no word of the as a captain. He re-enlisted in the last regular resting places of soldier sons there will service, in which he haa b-seu twenty-tyo ccme which years, prayers will indicate that some and regained his pre-war rank of of comfort has been sergeant. degree found. For among Representatives of every branch of all those tha mothers there will not be one who American fighting service will be ¦will grouped not have the thought that perhaps her about the last resting place of the Unknown son, whether he be from Maine or Illinoi*** or Soldier at Arlington. The Marines have Ca:.."":rnia, or from the heart of the as Soutn, is chosen their representative to act as pall¬ rest : g at Arlington beneath all the honors bearer Gunnery Sergeant Ernest A. the Janson, that world is ready to heap upon the tomb who wears the Congressional Medal of Honor -if 7 Unknown Soidier. for conspicuous gallantry at Chateau Thierry. A two weeks ago the unknown soidier One of the most touching tributes will be an hg earth-stained coifin in a flag-deco- from British mothers, who have expressed a ratec* room in the City Flail at Chalons-sur- desire to honor America's unknown hero. Marne. Three other coffins were in the room. Mrs. William Henry McCudden, of Kingston- The coffins had been brought there from the on-Thames, mother <of Major James Byford four American military cemeteries at Bel- McCudden, K. C, who brought down fifty- leany, B *.ny, Thiacourt and Romagne. seven German airplanes during the war before The selecting of the Unknown Soldier from he was killed in July, 1916, has been chosen to take to in ur was made a simple and at America a memorial wreath for the the same time a beautiful task. A stalwart grave of the Unknown Soldier. Mrs. McCud¬ Ame: -geant, who had fought in all den lost three sons, a son-in-law and two in the American olfensives and who wore two nephews the war. -wound ¿tripes, walked slowly past the coffins, France's Unknown Soidier is buried under -"".. e n the adjoining room a French infantry the Arc de Triomphe. England's representa¬ bar.i day« : a funeral dirge. In the corporal's tive of its unknown dead in the great war is hand waa a cluster of white roses. resting in Westminster Abbey. Italy has Twice the soldier paced the length of the buried its Unknown Soldier at the Altar of the Fatherland, which has been room besi ie his sleeping comrades whom none erected near the monument to Victor might ever call again by namo. Then he King Emmanuel. When *he idea of similar tribute to gently placed the roses on the coffin of the paying America'§ Unknown Soldier was one i as to be honored not only by this brought up many thought that the hero should be «sntire m :: r», but by alt-its allies. buried at some s»pot where his memorial would The c tfin was borne from the room by six appeal con¬ stantly to thousands. It was other r: n-commissioned officers while the suggested that the burial place be near some square in the sergea: ; at attention. It was placed in business heart of New York or that the a casket sent from this country bearing the City, ins Unknown Soldier be buried in front of the main "Ai stairway of the Capitol at Washington, wn American soldier, wrho gave but his life ii the war." Congress finally directed by resolution the great ceremonies that have been The cher coffins, after the Unknown Sol¬ outlined, selecting Arlington Cemetery as the resting dier ha been chosen, were borne away place. Unknown? About 2,000 soldiers and sailors of the to be reinterred in Romagne regu¬ manently / have come back to my mother*» land.. / have come back to my mother's land, i have come back to my mother's land, For I to lar army, navy and Marine are to be Cem<--- I tea» too belong them.Mothers All. Corps long, long, ateay. Where the yellow pine glades arel Where the 's like distant drums. From assembled at » surf the seas to the and one battalion At ti request of the American authorities She shade» her eyes with a blue-veined hand The plains of sage. Washington, cypress flutters, by warm breeze fanned. And the fishing craft make bright the strand From the hills that rock to the snowslide's of the National Guard will the .'..-. as as In the sunlit upland day fall be taken frotn my was simple possible. A And the rose scent floats afar; And a comes. To the desert look» at kindly neighbor gray-lined with age. New York and And my saddle, my horse, my gun. There's a plash nars on Pennsylvania. The plan con¬ representing the Paris post of the of quiet stream» For such is the way of the village folk And my tomb shall vibrate with messages For my haunts were not the stroum. And a templates the selection of not to exceed Ame....¦.-.'¦¦ two of French bright-hued bird has flown When a woman is left alone. All couched in that mother tone threa Legion, companies My Western mother ha» murmured: "Son!" Like those that colored my youthful dreams It's of me they talk, when she doffs her cloak, Which stirs the heart. who »Tiembers of the American Legion from every """Mers md a guard o£ fifty men from the So why am I called Unknown? Ere Ah, then, says they called me the Great Unknown. So why am. I called Unknown? That / have returned Unknown? state in the Union, according to the number of Amer::- army on the Rhine were present. .roops sent from those states. The Governors A brief bute was paid by General Duport of the states are to such ÍMoi the French and in the afternoon appoint representa¬ army, tives, and the Governors themselves will tak« to« r :f Chalons their respects as paid part in the ceremony. to body lay in state. It is planned to bring to Washington a! On ¡lowing day the body was taken accepted "in order that Britain may thus fit¬ sound over his For until nineteen Medal of Honor men, wai to where it started its final grave.
Recommended publications
  • Scholarships 202-2021
    Last updated: 03/12/2021 You may pick up a copy of these applications in the School Counseling Office, or email [email protected] and request a copy by email. Please State and Local Scholarship Opportunities include the name of the scholarship in your email request. Scholarship Name College Specific? Amount Grade Deadline Link Criteria 1st Annual Ruth Hartman Anyone interested in applying for The 1st Annual Ruth Hartman Memorial Essay Contest Memorial Essay Contest please contact Ms. Brown or come down to the counseling office. The Ruth Memorial Essay Contest Ruth Hartman’s passing in August 2020 is a reminder of all the sacrifices all the veterans have contributed to our country. Honor Flight Tri- State wants students ages 13-18 to remember our history, as we get closer and closer to Veterans Day on November 11th. This essay contest will be a way to reflect and connect our younger generation to our veterans.Essays must be received no later than copies available in October 23, 2020 and there is a $1000 grand prize. If you have and counseling questions please contact Ms. Brown or come down to the No $1,000 9-12 10/23/2020 office/naviance counseling office. Five scholarships will be awarded and each scholarship recipient will receive a one-time award of $2000. The applicant must be a college-bound, graduating high school senior, have a strong academic record with at least a "B" average, be a primary member of GECU (students may join if they qualify for membership*), have copies available in participated in activities demonstrating the spirit of volunteerism.
    [Show full text]
  • Samuel Woodfill (January 6, 1883-August 10, 1951)
    Samuel Woodfill (January 6, 1883-August 10, 1951) Congressional Medal of Honor recipient, Samuel Woodfill was a veteran of the Philippine–American War, World War I, and World War II. As one of the most celebrated American soldiers of the early 20th century, Samuel, along with his wife, Lorena Wiltshire, called the city of Fort Thomas their home. Born in Bryantsburg, Indiana, Samuel Woodfill enlisted in the United States Army in 1901. On his first deployment abroad, he would spend several years in the Philippines fighting Filipino guerilla forces before being transferred to Alaska in 1910 due to a border dispute with Canada and Great Britain over a portion of the Yukon Territory. In 1912, he would arrive at the Fort Thomas Military Reservation. A year later, Woodfill would be promoted to lieutenant, and spend the next four years protecting the Mexican-American border against cross border attacks. In 1917, he would marry Lorena Wiltshire, and buy a home in the city of Fort Thomas. At the outbreak of World War I, Woodfill’s regiment, the 60th Infantry, attached to the Army 5th Division, was dispatched to Europe as part of the American Expeditionary force under the command of General John J. Pershing. Woodfill’s regiment would be placed in the defenses between Meuse and the Argonne in France. During an offensive in October of 1918, Woodfill and his men would be stationed near Cunel when they would be attacked by German held positions. Advancing in heavy fog, Woodfill and his men would walk into a fortified position. While others took cover, Woodfill singlehandedly took out 3 German machinegun emplacements while suffering under the effects of mustard gas.
    [Show full text]
  • Military History of Kentucky
    THE AMERICAN GUIDE SERIES Military History of Kentucky CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED Written by Workers of the Federal Writers Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of Kentucky Sponsored by THE MILITARY DEPARTMENT OF KENTUCKY G. LEE McCLAIN, The Adjutant General Anna Virumque Cano - Virgil (I sing of arms and men) ILLUSTRATED Military History of Kentucky FIRST PUBLISHED IN JULY, 1939 WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION F. C. Harrington, Administrator Florence S. Kerr, Assistant Administrator Henry G. Alsberg, Director of The Federal Writers Project COPYRIGHT 1939 BY THE ADJUTANT GENERAL OF KENTUCKY PRINTED BY THE STATE JOURNAL FRANKFORT, KY. All rights are reserved, including the rights to reproduce this book a parts thereof in any form. ii Military History of Kentucky BRIG. GEN. G. LEE McCLAIN, KY. N. G. The Adjutant General iii Military History of Kentucky MAJOR JOSEPH M. KELLY, KY. N. G. Assistant Adjutant General, U.S. P. and D. O. iv Military History of Kentucky Foreword Frankfort, Kentucky, January 1, 1939. HIS EXCELLENCY, ALBERT BENJAMIN CHANDLER, Governor of Kentucky and Commander-in-Chief, Kentucky National Guard, Frankfort, Kentucky. SIR: I have the pleasure of submitting a report of the National Guard of Kentucky showing its origin, development and progress, chronologically arranged. This report is in the form of a history of the military units of Kentucky. The purpose of this Military History of Kentucky is to present a written record which always will be available to the people of Kentucky relating something of the accomplishments of Kentucky soldiers. It will be observed that from the time the first settlers came to our state, down to the present day, Kentucky soldiers have been ever ready to protect the lives, homes, and property of the citizens of the state with vigor and courage.
    [Show full text]
  • OUTDOOR INDIANA up to Date Has Been Almost Overwhelming
    ti : Director's Page Hi Friends: Your response to our request to bring the mailing list of OUTDOOR INDIANA up to date has been almost overwhelming. In addition to the return of the card stapled in the December issue, we received a large number of new requests. It showed that our readers have shared their copies heretofore and it makes us proud and happy to have created something worth- while. We hope the large number of you who are on the mailing list for the first time in January will enjoy your association with our growing Conservation family in Indiana. If the January copy is a little late, you know that it was physically impossible to get the large job done in time. A lot of credit goes to the staff that has been getting the magazine out. Over 500 members of the Conservation Depart- ment staff and their families attended a Christmas Party as guests of Tony Hulman, Jr., our Commission Chair- man, at Forest Park in Terre Haute in December. It gave our staff an opportunity to meet with Governor Welsh and Commission members as well as staff people from all over the state. I would like to extend my thanks to Governor Welsh, Mr. Hulman and the pro- gram committee. The attendance at the party is one indication that the Department of Conservation is, working as a team, one of the good government goals of this administration. Mid-December also saw the holding of the 3rd Governors Conference on Water. Over 300 persons from all over the state attended the all-day session at the World War Memorial in Indian- apolis.
    [Show full text]
  • AUSA 2019 Scholarship Application Packet Instructions
    Association of the United States Army Major Samuel Woodfill Chapter Serving the Tri-State Area of Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio www.ausatristate.org ________________________________________________________________________ AUSA 2019 Scholarship Application Packet Instructions Three priority categories of applicants: 1. Children and Spouses of U.S. Army Soldiers* who are currently serving or have served in the Global War on Terrorism (in that order). 2. Army Soldiers and Army Veterans who have served or who are currently serving in Global War on Terrorism. 3. Family Members** of AUSA Members who belong to the Major Samuel Woodfill Chapter. *U.S. Army Soldiers – Active, National Guard, and Reserve **Family Members – Children, Grandchildren, and Spouses Priority given to residents of Southeast Indiana, Northern Kentucky, and Southwest Ohio. Recipients of the Scholarship cannot reapply. Applicants may already attend college or have been accepted at a certified college or university. Each one-time scholarship is set at $1000 and will be applied directly to the applicant’s tuition, room or board at his or her college or university. 1. Confirm eligibility. 2. Begin the application process EARLY to minimize possibility of submitting an incorrect/incomplete package and/or missing the submission deadline. 3. Write neatly or type all required information on appropriate applicant information forms, including sponsor information. Write applicant’s complete name at the very top of ALL pages submitted. Only neat, legible completed application packages will be accepted for consideration. 4. Forms in Application Packet, all of which may be downloaded via MaJor Samuel Woodfill Cincinnati Chapter Webpage at http://www.ausatristate.org/scholarship a. Counselor’s Data Sheet (for High School Seniors only) – to be completed by applicant’s High School Counselor, with attached valid high school transcript.
    [Show full text]
  • WWI Resources
    WORLD WAR I RESOURCES CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I World War I occurred between July 1914 and November 11, 1918. By the end of the war, over 17 million people would be killed including over 100,000 American troops. The reason why war erupted is actually much more complicated than a simple list of causes. While there was a chain of events that directly led to the fighting, the actual root causes are much deeper and part of continued debate and discussion. This list is an overview of the most popular reasons that are cited as the root causes of World War 1. 1. Mutual Defense Alliances Over time, countries throughout Europe made mutual defense agreements that would pull them into battle. These treaties meant that if one country was attacked, allied countries were bound to defend them. Before World War 1, the following alliances existed: Russia and Serbia Germany and Austria-Hungary France and Russia Britain and France and Belgium Japan and Britain Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia got involved to defend Serbia. Germany seeing Russia mobilizing, declared war on Russia. France was then drawn in against Germany and Austria-Hungary. Germany attacked France through Belgium pulling Britain into war. Then Japan entered the war. Later, Italy and the United States would enter on the side of the allies. 2. Imperialism Imperialism is when a country increases their power and wealth by bringing additional territories under their control. Before World War I, Africa and parts of Asia were points of contention among the European countries. This was especially true because of the raw materials these areas could provide.
    [Show full text]
  • The American Legion Weekly [Volume 6, No. 7 (February 15, 1924)]
    HAVE YOU PAID YOUR POST DUES? 10c. a Copy FEBRUARY 15, 1924 Vol. 6, No. 7 Published weekly at New York. N. Y . Entered as second class matter Vernal Falls, March 24. 1920. at the Post Office at New York, N. Y.. under act of Yosemite National Park, March 3. 1879. Price 12 the year. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section California 1103. Act of October .1. 1917. author- .tied March 31. 1921. 0** s 9esh from the factory resi WHEREVER YOU GET IT NOW and— the very best tobacco you ever put in your pipe! /) Guaranteed by R A.TCO I N C O B P O 20 °/o PRICE REDUCTION Official publication of Owned exclusively by The American Legion The American Legion. and The American Legion Auxiliary. C#fe AMERICAN Correspondence and Published by the Le- man ii scripts pertaining gion Publishing Corp.: to Legion activities President, John R. should be addressed to Quinn ; Vice-President, the National Head- James A. Drain ; Treas- LEGI Weekly quarters Bureau. All urer, Robert II. Tyn- other communications dall; Secretary .Lemuel BUSINESS OFFICE EDITORIAL OFFICES should be addressed to Dolles. (Advertising and Circulation) G27 W. i-Sd St., New York City, and the New York Office. >~7 West i3d Street, New York City Natl. Hqtrs. Bureau, Indianapolis, Ind. FEBRUARY 15. 1924 Copyright, 1924, by the Legion Publishing Corporation. PAGE 3 The MISSING PAYMASTER A Mystery-Adventure Story of the A. E By C. E. Russell Illustrated by L. F. Wilford mystery of the THEmissing paymaster was as much a mys- tery as ever.
    [Show full text]
  • Kentucky in World War I
    $5 KentuckyFall 2016 Kentucky Humanities Council, Inc. humanities Kentucky in World War I Fall 2016 Telling Kentuckyhumanities Kentucky’s Story James Bethel Gresham Board of Directors Chair: Kentucky-Born Solider First American Combat Casualty in W.W.I. Howard V. Roberts, Ed.D. 10 By Hugh Ridenour Pikeville Vice Chair: Aristofanes Cedeño, Ph.D. e “Spanish Lady” in Kentucky Louisville 1918-1919 Secretary: 14 Elaine A. Wilson By Nancy Baird Somerset Treasurer: e Garre Morgan Gas Mask Brian T. Burton By William McHugh Lexington 18 Be e Cain Bravo Cri enden Dear Family Barbara Bailey Cowden e Wartime Correspondence of Caruthers A. Coleman Lexington 20 By Amanda L. Higgins W. David Denton, JD Paducah D. Joleen Frederick, JD Great War’s Greatest Soldier? West Liberty Kentucky’s Samuel Wood ll Be y Sue Gri n, Ed.D. 23 By Ron Ellio Frankfort Mary Hammond Paducah Pat Callahan, American Catholicism, & World War I David V. Hawpe 26 By William E. Ellis Louisville Elise H. Luckey “Like Chasing Rabbits Back Home” Columbia Nathan Mick 30 By Berry Craig Lancaster Minh Nguyen, Ph.D. My Father: British Sergeant Reginald George Bareham Richmond and the Ba le of the Somme Phillip R. Pa on, JD Glasgow 32 By Ronald R. Van Stockum, Brigadier General USMC (retired) Reed Polk Lexington Judith L. Rhoads, Ed.D. In this issue Madisonville Barren Franklin Lincoln Simpson John Michael Seelig, JD Morehead Bourbon Gallatin Mason Todd Mark A. Wilden, CFP, CIMA, CRPC Boyd Graves McLean Union Lexington Breathi Harrison Muhlenburg Warren Calloway Hart Nicholas Whitley S t a Kathleen Pool Campbell Henderson Perry Woodford Interim Executive Director Clark Hopkins Sco Marianne Stoess Faye e Je erson Shelby Assistant Director, Editor Brooke Raby Fleming Larue Project Coordinator Floyd Laurel Wilma L.
    [Show full text]
  • The American Legion Magazine [Volume 85, No. 5 (November 1968)]
    EM BER 1 ALVIN YORK and FRANK LUKE: Legendary WW i Heroes A HISTORY OF THE MEDAL OF HONOR • HOW OUR omsioNS GOT THEIR SHOULDER PATCHES A REPORT FROM THE 50^^ NATIONAL CONVENTION. Held in NEW ORLEANS. LA — 10 Fabulous French PERFUMES 10 world famous fragrances ^4.95 A PARISIAN SCENT FOR EVERY MOOD An extravagant, exciting gift at an unbelievably low price. Each in its own distinctive bottle and set You save $10.00 when buying gift package of 10. in a beautiful tri-color gift box decorated Our price, $1.50 for each bottle if bought separately. with gay, crisp drawings of Paris. These are all genuine full strength perfumes, not toilet water or cologne. We have imported a limited number of All sealed in the beautiful bottles you see these exciting gift packages for distribu- perfumes pictured here. tion in the United States and Canada. Please rush your order now while the MOIMEY BACK GUARANTEE lasts. receipt of order supply Upon your NIresk Importers, Dept. PR-75 we will rush this amazing gift package of 210 S. DesPiaines St., Chicago, III. 60606 10 world famous French fragrances, each Please rush at once the fabulous collection of 10 World Famous Fragrance perfumes for only $4.95 each set—plus 25( for postage, handling and its in own different, distinctive bottle insurance—on full money-back guarantee. all for only $4.95. You must be completely I enclose $_ delighted or your money back promptly. Ship C.0.0. plus postage & C.0.0. fees. Charge to my Diners' Club Acct.
    [Show full text]
  • N Assessing the Reasons for the Allied Victory During World War I, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Com- Mander GEN John J
    GEN John J. Pershing leads the victory parade past the Arc de Triomphe on Bastille Day, July 14, 1919, the last time the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) marched in Paris. First Lieutenant William J. Cunningham carries the general’s standard and is followed by MG James C. Harbord, AEF chief of staff. n assessing the reasons for the Allied victory during World War I, American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) com- mander GEN John J. (Black Jack) Pershing noted that By COL Cole C. Kingseed “upon the young commanders of platoons, companies U.S. Army retired and battalions fell the heaviest burden.” Deeds of daring, to use Pershing’s phrase, were legion during the war, and there were many whose heroic services had been recognized over Archives National November 2010 I ARMY 45 A memorial marks the valley in the through one of the Plattsburgh, N.Y., Argonne Forest in Binarville, France, camps designed in the American pre- where the “Lost Battalion” of the 308th paredness movements in 1916. His Infantry, 77th Division, led by MAJ Charles previous wartime experiences had W. Whittlesey, held off surrounding Germans for a week until relief arrived. been unremarkable. By October 1, 1918, Whittlesey’s 1st Battalion positioned itself on the front the course of the war. In his memoirs, line within the Argonne Forest, under however, Pershing mentioned only orders to continue the attack the fol- three soldiers whose battlefield ex- lowing morning toward Charlevaux ploits he deemed particularly extraor- Mill, with McMurtry’s 2nd Battalion dinary and representative of the fight- in direct support.
    [Show full text]
  • “Sherman Was Right” the Experience of Aef Soldiers in the Great War
    “SHERMAN WAS RIGHT” THE EXPERIENCE OF AEF SOLDIERS IN THE GREAT WAR DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Edward A. Gutiérrez, B.A., M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Geoffrey Parker, Adviser Professor John F. Guilmartin Jr. _______________________________ Professor Peter R. Mansoor Adviser History Graduate Program Copyright by Edward A. Gutiérrez 2008 ABSTRACT When the United States declared war in the spring of 1917, American men went to war with idyllic visions of warfare. This study explores the state of mind of the AEF soldier during the Great War, an issue that has challenged scholars in the field since the troops returned home. With the use of Military Service Records (MSRs or questionnaires) issued in 1919 from four states as its core source, this dissertation argues that the American cultural glorification of warfare created an impetuous doughboy, who believed war was a game and the path to manhood. Employing these neglected firsthand descriptions of the war in the uncensored words of veterans provides understanding of American military identity; it removes the uniform and studies the individual – whether it is an aristocratic New Englander who hungered to prove his masculinity or an African American blacksmith fighting for his equality. Cultural differences aside, the naïveté of the doughboy was overwhelming; he believed the war would be an enjoyable adventure, but learned General Sherman was right – war is hell. ii Dedicated to my mother and my adviser Professor Geoffrey Parker iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have engaged in this project for almost a decade and have incurred a number of debts to many amiable scholars, archivists and librarians.
    [Show full text]
  • Medal of Honor Recipient Samuel Woodfill
    Medal of Honor Recipient Samuel Woodfill Samuel Woodfill was born in Jefferson County, Indiana, in January 1883. He enlisted in the Army in 1901 and was sent to the Philippines. Later, Woodfill was stationed in Alaska during an American show of force when the US was involved in a border dispute with Canada and England over the Alaska-Yukon area. Woodfill apparently was stationed first in Fort Thomas in 1912 and 2 years later was among troops from Fort Thomas sent to the Mexican border in an attempt to protect Texas, New Mexico and Arizona from attacks by Mexican bandits. The troops returned to Fort Thomas. Woodfill met and on Christmas Day 1917 married Lorena Wiltshire. The Woodfills later owned a house at 1334 Alexandria Pike in Fort Thomas. The year he married, Woodfill was promoted to Lieutenant. That was the rank he held in April 1918 when he and others at Fort Thomas were dispatched to Europe as part of the American Expeditionary Force headed by General Pershing to fight in World War I. Woodfill was a member of the Army's 60th Infantry, Fifth Division, which was sent to the Meuse- Argonne front in France in the fall of 1918. The battle there began in September and lasted 45 days, costing thousands of lives on both sides. Woodfill earned his place in American military history on the morning of October 12, 1918, near Cunel, France. His citation reads: While he was leading his company against the enemy, his line came under heavy machinegun fire, which threatened to hold up the advance.
    [Show full text]