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Tift College, Georgia Baptists' Separate College for Women Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Educational Policy Studies Dissertations Department of Educational Policy Studies 8-17-2009 Polishing Cornerstones: Tift College, Georgia Baptists' Separate College for Women Darin Scott Harris Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss Part of the Education Commons, and the Education Policy Commons Recommended Citation Harris, Darin Scott, "Polishing Cornerstones: Tift College, Georgia Baptists' Separate College for Women." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2009. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss/42 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Educational Policy Studies at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Educational Policy Studies Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ACCEPTANCE This dissertation, POLISHING CORNERSTONES: TIFT COLLEGE, GEORGIA BAPTISTS’ SEPARATE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN, by DARIN S. HARRIS, was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s Dissertation Advisory Committee. It is accepted by the committee members in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Education, Georgia State University. The Dissertation Advisory Committee and the student’s Department Chair, as representatives of the faculty, certify that this dissertation has met all standards of excellence and scholarship as determined by the faculty. The Dean of the College of Education concurs. __________________________ __________________________ Philo A. Hutcheson, Ph.D. Deron Boyles, Ph.D. Committee Chair Committee Member __________________________ __________________________ Sheryl A. Gowen, Ph.D. Wayne J. Urban, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member __________________________ Date __________________________ Sheryl A. Gowen, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Educational Policy Studies __________________________ R. W. Kamphaus, Ph.D. Dean and Distinguished Research Professor College of Education AUTHOR’S STATEMENT By presenting this dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the advanced degree from Georgia State University, I agree that the library of Georgia State University shall make it available for inspection and circulation in accordance with its regulations governing materials of this type. I agree that permission to quote, to copy from, or to publish this dissertation may be granted by the professor under whose direction it was written, by the College of Education’s director of graduate studies and research, or by me. Such quoting, copying or publishing must be solely for scholarly purposes and will not involve potential financial gain. It is understood that any copying from or publication of this dissertation which involves potential financial gain will not be allowed without my written permission. ___________________________ Darin S. Harris NOTICE TO BORROWERS All dissertations deposited in the Georgia State University library must be used in accordance with the stipulations prescribed by the author in the preceding statement. The author of this dissertation is: Darin S. Harris 189 Hunters Chase McDonough, GA 30253 The director of this dissertation is: Dr. Philo A. Hutcheson Department of Educational Policy Studies College of Education Georgia State University Atlanta, GA 30303 -3083 VITA Darin S. Harris ADDRESS: 189 Hunters Chase McDonough, GA 30253 EDUCATION: Ph.D. 2008 Georgia State University Educational Policy Studies M.A.T. 2000 Cameron University Education B.A. 1987 Oklahoma Baptist University Religion PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 2000-Present High School Teacher Henry County Schools 1999-2000 High School Teacher Garland Independent School District PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES AND ORGANIZATIONS: Conference on Faith and History PRESENTATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS: Harris, D.S. (March, 2008). It’s Hard Polishing Cornerstones When We Can’t Afford the Polish. Paper presented at the meeting of the Southern History of Education Society, Tuscaloosa, AL. Harris, D.S. (March, 2007). Unusual Coeducation at a Separate Women’s College. Paper presented at the meeting of the Southern History of Education Society, Columbus, S.C. Harris, D.S. (2006). “Darwin and the Devil: Teaching Evolution to Fundamentalist Kids.” Mueller, M.P. (Ed.). Symposium on Powerful Teaching: Vol. 1. Harriman: Roane State Community College Press. Available CD format Roane State Community College. Harris, D.S. (September, 2006) Darwin and the Devil: Teaching Evolution to Fundamentalist Kids. Paper presented at the Symposium on Powerful Teaching, Harriman, TN. Harris, D.S. (September, 2006) Students in the Hands of an Angry God. Paper presented at the meeting of the Southeast Philosophy of Education Society, Atlanta, GA. ABSTRACT POLISHING CORNERSTONES: TIFT COLLEGE, GEORGIA BAPTISTS’ SEPARATE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN by Darin S. Harris This dissertation examines Tift College, formerly in Forsyth, Georgia, and the problems Tift faced as Georgia Baptist's women's college. Many of these difficulties were a result of the beliefs of Georgia Baptists on educating women and the fact that Georgia Baptists placed a greater value on education for males. This work also examines the role of feminism in a southern women's college. To complete this task, the dissertation examines the beliefs and attitudes of Georgia Baptists about education in general, and educating women in specific and how funding played a part in their education. The dissertation addresses Tift's struggle to remain a separate school for women and examines ideas of womanhood at Tift as determined by the curriculum imposed on the women, as well as documenting what Tift students felt about womanhood based on their statements in class papers, journal and newspaper articles, and various other archival sources. These data show how attitudes and beliefs changed over the years, and while a strong feminist spirit may not have been achieved, the changes that were evident affected the purposes of the college. As the student body became more diversified, students were no longer content to become genteel, southern ladies or "polished cornerstones." Going against traditional roles, many students argued for a curriculum that would allow them to compete with men in the job market. POLISHING CORNERSTONES: TIFT COLLEGE, GEORGIA BAPTISTS’ SEPARATE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN by Darin S. Harris A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Policy Studies in the Department of Educational Policy Studies in the College of Education Georgia State University Atlanta, Georgia 2008 Copyright by Darin S. Harris 2008 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are many people to whom I am indebted for their help and encouragement during the research and writing of this dissertation. To Dr. Philo A. Hutcheson, who not only encouraged and guided me, but used up several boxes of blue ink pens helping edit my work, I am deeply grateful. I would also like to express my thanks to Laura Botts and all the wonderful people in Special Collections at the Tarver Library at Mercer, University. Most of the Tift materials were not cataloged, and Laura and her crew were always willing to go and dig to help me find material. Getting to this point would have been much more difficult without the encouragement of friends and family. I especially thank my wife, Mary Kay, for her love and encouragement, and for doing more around the house so I could get away with fewer chores and go research. And I thank my two boys, Josh and Andrew, who probably had to do extra chores since I wasn’t there, and who didn’t complain when I was busy. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES............................................iv ABBREVIATIONS..............................................v Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE..............................1 2 What Georgia Baptists Said about Education in General.............................................23 3 What Georgia Baptists Said about Women’s Education..52 4 How Georgia Baptists Paid for Women’s Education.....62 5 Tift’s Struggle to Remain a Separate College........91 6 Tift’s Merger with a Coeducational University......112 7 Tift’s Curriculum for Women........................124 8 White Women on Womanhood...........................140 9 Black Women on an Interracial Tift Campus..........161 10 Problems With Polishing Cornerstones...............176 Bibliography............................................183 Appendixes..............................................196 iii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1 Four-Year Curriculum–Georgia Female College.........58 iv ABBREVIATIONS GBC Georgia Baptist Convention Quill The Campus Quill SBC Southern Baptist Convention TCMU Tift College of Mercer University Tift Tift College, Bessie Tift College, & Monroe College v CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION The history of U.S. colleges has been dominated by the history of men and men’s colleges, and only recently have there been significant studies on the role of women and women’s colleges. Mary Ann Dzuback states, “The story of higher education in the United States is a story that cannot be understood without thorough attention to gender as the fundamental defining characteristic of American educational institutions, ideas, and practices.”1 Since many of the histories have been about male institutions, women, Blacks as well as other ethnic groups, and the poor have often been left
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