DOCSLIB.ORG

After the Tsunami Coastal Ecosystem Restoration

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
After the Tsunami Coastal Ecosystem Restoration After the Tsunami Coastal Ecosystem Restoration Lessons Learnt This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form of educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from UNEP. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, DCPI, UNEP, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, UNEP does not accept responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the information used in this publication, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication, including its translation into other languages than English. The opinions indicated in this publication should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the endorsement of the United Nations Environment Programme. Mention of a commercial company or product in this publication does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Environment Programme. Published by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 2007 Design and Layout: Rachel Dolores Unless otherwise credited, all the photos in this publication have been taken by the UNEP staff. Table of Contents Preface.................................................................................................................................. 4 Executive.summary............................................................................................................... 5 1..Introduction....................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.. Profile.of.Aceh................................................................................................. 6 1.2... Apparent.changesin.land.cover..................................................................... 6 2..Coastal.Conditions.Before.the.Tsunami............................................................................. 8 2.1. Mangrove.forest.............................................................................................. 8 2.2. Beach.forest.................................................................................................. 10 2.3. Aquaculture.ponds........................................................................................ 11 2.4. Peatland........................................................................................................ 12 2.5. Swamps......................................................................................................... 14 2.6. Sandy.beach.vegetation.............................................................................. 14 3..Coastal.conditionsafter.the.tsunami............................................................................... 16 3.1. Impact.of.the.tsunamiand.earthquake......................................................... 16 3.2. Regeneration.of.vegetation.......................................................................... 26 3.3. Prospects.for.rehabilitation............................................................................ 27 4..Lessons.learned............................................................................................................... 30 4.1. Actors.in.coastal.rehabilitation...................................................................... 30 4.2. Progress.in.implementation........................................................................... 34 4.3. Level.of.success............................................................................................. 38 4.4. Limitations.and.constraintsin.the.field............................................................ 39 4.5. Recommendations........................................................................................ 51 Preface Another.weakness.found.in.the.field.was.the.very. limited.amount.of.community.involvement.in.the. The.tsunami.of.26.December.2004.swept.along. rehabilitation.activity..Communities.tended.to.be. 800.km.of.the.coast.of.the.Indonesian.province. included.only.as.workers,.not.as.partners.involved. of. Nanggröe. Aceh. Darussalam. (NAD,. or. Aceh),. actively.and.continuously..Moreover,.coordination. causing.the.loss.of.at.least.167,000.lives..A.further. and.information.sharing.among.the.stakeholders. 500,000.people.lost.their.homes.and.livelihoods. concerned. with. the. rehabilitation. activity. were. very.poor. A.year.later,.as.many.as.124.international.NGOs,. 430. national. NGOs,. dozens. of. donor. and. UN. A.mistaken.perception.among.the.implementers. organizations,.a.variety.of.Government.institutions. was. that. rehabilitation. activity. ended. once. the. and. military. institutions. had. been. recorded,. seedlings. had. been. planted. in. the. field.. The. together. with. the. community,. to. be. working. on. result.as.they.saw.it,.therefore,.was.the.number.of. rebuilding.Aceh.(BRR,.2005). seedlings.planted,.not.the.number.that.survived. after.planting. The.first.step.in.the.reconstruction.effort.focused. mostly.on.the.emergency.response,.particularly. Apart. from. the. matters. mentioned. above,. the. with.regard.to.fulfilling.the.victims’.need.for.basic. coastal.rehabilitation.activities.underway.in.NAD. items.such.as.food,.clean.water.and.shelter. As. province.have.provided.a.great.many.experiences. conditions. in. the. field. began. to. improve,. the. and.valuable.lessons. Unfortunately,.these lessons. emergency.gradually.subsided.and.work.moved. have. not. been. brought. to. the. attention. of. the. to.the.next.phase,.rehabilitation..From.that.point. stakeholders.in.Aceh. For.this.reason,.Wetlands. on,. attention. began. to. be. directed. towards. International-Indonesia.Programme.collaborated. restoration.of.the.environment,.particularly.in.those. with.the.United.Nations.Environment.Programme. areas.hit.by.the.tsunami. (UNEP).to.undertake.this.study.of.lessons.learned. from.coastal.ecosystem.restoration.efforts.in.Aceh. A. number. of. organizations,. both. governmental. since.the.tsunami. and. non-governmental,. initiated. a. variety. of. environmental.restoration.activities,.in.particular.the. In. this. study,. the. causes. of. failures. have. been. planting.of.mangrove.and.other.coastal.vegetation. identified. and. extracted. from. a. variety. of. in.an.effort.to.restore.the.coastlands. Within.only. stakeholders..In.addition,.this.study.also.provides. a.few.months,.coastal.rehabilitation.actions. had. a. range. of. information,. experience,. strategies. mushroomed.throughout.the.Aceh.coast,.and.the. and. other. matters. relevant. to. supporting. the hitherto.unknown.term.‘mangrove’.suddenly.became. rehabilitation. activities. undertaken. by. both. familiar.in.the.community,.who.had.previously.called. government. and. NGOs. It. is. hoped. that. the. it.by.its.local.name.“bak bangka”.. suggestions. and. recommendations. made. here. can. be. used. to. support. rehabilitation. efforts. in. After. 18. months. of. coastal. rehabilitation. activity,. NAD.Province.. the.results.are.now.clear. Only.a.few.activities.of.it. have.been.fully.successful,.the.rest.has.failed. This. can.be.seen.simply.from.the.low.survival.rate.of. plants.in.the.field. Reasons.given.for.the.failures. include:.mistakes.in.the.selection.of.planting.sites,. unsuitable.choice.of.plants,.insufficient.preparation,. inadequate.guidance,.no.tending.of.the.plants,. and.the.low.capacity.of.human.resources. Coastal Ecosystem Restoration: Lessons Learned in Aceh since the Tsunami Executive summary •. that.the.use.of.mature.and.qualified.seed.and. seedlings.is.essential.to.high.survival.rates.after. planting; This.report.explains.what.is.known.about.coastal. ecosystems.in.the.Indonesian.province.of.Nanggröe. •. that.the.choice.of.site.for.nurseries.is.important. Aceh.Darussalam.(NAD.or.Aceh),.their.status.before. to. seedling. production,. the. best. sites. being. the.tsunami.of.2004,.and.how.they.fared.after.it. tidal,.flat.and.sheltered.from.the.wind; It.reviews.the.ecosystem.restoration.activities.that. •. that.the.use.of.growth.media.with.too.little.mud. were. undertaken. in. 2005-2006. by. a. variety. of. content.causes.seedlings.to.die; governmental.and.non-governmental.actors,.in. •. that. a. 1-2. month. ‘hardening. off’. period. is. partnership.with.many.different.stakeholder.groups,. needed. before. planting,. during. which. the. and. updates. findings. into. 2007. Specifically,. it. seedlings.are.progressively.deprived.of.fresh. critically. examines. the. various. means. by. which. water.and.shade; the.re-planting.of.mangroves.and.other.coastal. vegetation. was. attempted,. and. quantifies. the. •. that.seedlings.were.often.planted.in.the.wrong. outcome. in. terms. of. success. as. measured. by. sites,. that. is. in. sandy. areas,. in. areas. prone. long-term.seedling.survival. A.total.of.almost.30. to. drying. out,. and. in. high-energy. locations. million. seedlings. were. recorded. to. have. been. vulnerable.to.currents.and.wind; planted.on.27,500.ha.in.Aceh.since.the.tsunami. •. that.planting.in.privately-owned.areas.without. Unfortunately,.the.mangroves.were.often.planted.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
    Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment.
    [Show full text]
  • An Investigation of Proxemics Behavior Among Acehnese in Public Places
    An Investigation of Proxemics Behavior among Acehnese in Public Places 1Rusma Setiyana, 2Nyak Mutia Ismail , 3Endah Annisa Rahma, and 4Faizatul Husna 1Department of Economic Management, Faculty of Economy, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia., 2Department of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia., 3Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia., 4Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia. email: [email protected] Received: 07-01-2018 Accepted: 09-01-2018 Published: 21-07-2018 An Investigation of Proxemic Behavior Among Acehnese in Public Places Rusma Setiyana1, Nyak Mutia Ismail 2, Endah Annisa Rahma3, and Faizatul Husna4 1Economic Management Department, Faculty of Economy, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia. 2English Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia. 3Aquatic Resource Management Department, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia. 4Sociology Department, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Teuku Umar, Meulaboh 23615, Indonesia. [email protected] Abstract: It is assumed that Acehnese do not make use of personal space during interactions. This study aims to investigate the proximity levels used by Acehnese people when communicating with other people. The observation approach was used to collect data with people who were in natural interaction in public places as the participant. The data were pictured and kept anonymous in regards of ethical codes maintained in research. The results show that there are three conditions obtained from this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Minister George Yeo Hands Over Meulaboh General Hospital to Indonesian Authorities in Aceh
    PRESS RELEASE For immediate release Minister George Yeo hands over Meulaboh General Hospital to Indonesian Authorities in Aceh Singapore, 2 July 2010 – Singapore-Indonesia bilateral ties were further cemented when Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr George Yeo handed over the S$12 million Meulaboh General Hospital to the Indonesian health authorities in a ceremony attended by 500 guests in West Aceh today. The Meulaboh General Hospital is a collaborative effort by the Singapore Red Cross (SRC), Temasek Holdings and the Government of Singapore. As it is the main referral hospital serving a population of more than 200,000 in South and West Aceh, the community hospital remained operational throughout the construction. Rebuilt and refurbished at its original site spanning two hectares, the 146-bed Meulaboh General Hospital will be staffed by 400 healthcare professionals. The enhanced facilities and increased capacity will meet the growing needs of Acehnese for quality healthcare. (Refer to Annex B) The handover of the Meulaboh General Hospital marks the closure of the Tidal Waves Asia Fund, which SRC and its Tsunami Reconstruction Facilitation Committee (TRFC) have managed since January 2005. To date, close to 70 projects on healthcare, education, housing and community, and economic recovery and livelihood have been successfully implemented in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. (Refer to Annex C) Mr Tee Tua Ba, Chairman of the Singapore Red Cross led the Singapore entourage comprising SRC project teams and the Singapore media, to Meulaboh yesterday. The group also visited other Singapore funded projects. They included the Meulaboh Pier (a G2G project), a kindergarten, orphanages as well as housing, water supply and sanitation facilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Unraveling the Complexity of Human–Tiger Conflicts in the Leuser
    Animal Conservation. Print ISSN 1367-9430 Unraveling the complexity of human–tiger conflicts in the Leuser Ecosystem, Sumatra M. I. Lubis1,2 , W. Pusparini1,4, S. A. Prabowo3, W. Marthy1, Tarmizi1, N. Andayani1 & M. Linkie1 1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Indonesia Program, Bogor, Indonesia 2 Asian School of the Environment,Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore 3 Natural Resource Conservation Agencies (BKSDA), Banda Aceh, Aceh Province, Indonesia 4 Wildlife Conservation Research Unit and Interdisciplinary Center for Conservation Science (ICCS), Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Keywords Abstract human–tiger conflict; large carnivore; livestock; Panthera; poaching; research- Conserving large carnivores that live in close proximity to people depends on a implementation gap; retaliatory killing. variety of socio-economic, political and biological factors. These include local tol- erance toward potentially dangerous animals, efficacy of human–carnivore conflict Correspondence mitigation schemes, and identifying and then addressing the underlying causes of Muhammad I. Lubis, Asian School of the conflict. The Leuser Ecosystem is the largest contiguous forest habitat for the criti- Environment, Nanyang Technological cally endangered Sumatran tiger. Its extensive forest edge is abutted by farming University, Singapore. communities and we predict that spatial variation in human–tiger conflict (HTC) Email: [email protected] would be a function of habitat conversion, livestock abundance, and poaching of tiger and its wild prey. To investigate which of these potential drivers of conflict, Editor: Julie Young as well as other biophysical factors, best explain the observed patterns, we used Associate Editor: Zhongqiu Li resource selection function (RSF) technique to develop a predictive spatially expli- cit model of HTC.
    [Show full text]
  • Pemphis Acidula J.R.Forst
    Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants - Online edition Pemphis acidula J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Family: Lythraceae Forster, J.R. & Forster, J.G. (1775) Characteres Generum Plantarum : 68. Type: (not cited). Common name: Digging stick tree Stem Usually flowers and fruits as a shrub about 1-4 m tall. Leaves Leaf blades about 16-30 x 7.5-9 mm, petioles about 2-3 mm long, grooved on the upper surface. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf blade clothed in pale prostrate hairs. Stipules dark brown, about 1 mm long. Lateral veins, about 3-5 on each side of the midrib, inconspicuous on both Flower. © A. Ford & F. Goulter the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf blade. Flowers Hypanthium about 3-5 mm long, apex with 6 quite small lobes and 6 somewhat larger lobes, outer surface longitudinally ribbed below the calyx-like appendages at the apex and clothed in pale prostrate hairs. Calyx lobes about 0.5 mm long. Petals orbicular to obovate, about 4-5 mm long, crumpled in the bud. Stamens 12, alternately longer and shorter. Ovary 3-locular at the base and 1- locular at the apex. Stigma globular. Fruit Fruits globose, about 5-6 x 3-5 mm, calyx lobes and style persistent at the apex. Seeds numerous ( about 20 per fruit) each seed about 3 x 2 mm. Endosperm scanty. Testa very thin. Embryo about 1 Scale bar 10mm. © CSIRO mm long, cotyledons about 0.5 mm long, radicle about 0.5 mm long. Cotyledons larger than the radicle. Seedlings Features not available.
    [Show full text]
  • Large Scale Tsunami Simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Using Parallel GPU Computing
    Large scale tsunami simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami using parallel GPU computing *Fritz Sihombing1) and Marco Torbol2) 1), 2) School of Urban Environmental Engineering, UNIST, South Korea 1) 2) [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT This study couples two different numerical schemes, finite different method and smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method to more accurately assess the impact of tsunami over a coastline. The model performs large scale tsunami simulation of 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. To handle the SPH model general-purpose computing on graphics processing units manage the computation. The result of the simulation is validated against the observation data of the tsunami. In this research, Banda Aceh city, in Indonesia is chosen as the observation location. COMCOT, a tsunami wave simulation engine, simulates the wave generation and propagation on the open ocean. Instead, DualSPHysics, a SPH solver, simulates the near coast wave propagation and the tsunami wave inundation. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in a catastrophic event in the Southeast Asian region. The simulation performed in this study provides information about tsunami propagation and tsunami inundation on the coastline with an accuracy greater than available by the current state of the art. This information is important for damage mitigation as well as comprehensive resilient disaster management planning. This work can be expanded to perform probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis. Challenges arose in several areas, such as: the handling of the complex bathymetry and topography, and the computational cost of tsunami simulation. Recent advances of numerical methods as well as computational tools encouraged further improvements on tsunami simulation research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gunung Leuser National Park Published by YAYASAN ORANGUTAN SUMATERA LESTARI- ORANGUTAN INFORMATION CENTRE (YOSL-OIC) Medan, Indonesia
    Guidebook to The Gunung Leuser National Park Published by YAYASAN ORANGUTAN SUMATERA LESTARI- ORANGUTAN INFORMATION CENTRE (YOSL-OIC) Medan, Indonesia c 2009 by YOSL-OIC All rights reserved published in 2009 Suggested citation : Orangutan Information Centre (2009) Guidebook to The Gunung Leuser National Park. Medan. Indonesia ISBN 978-602-95312-0-6 Front cover photos : Sumatran Orangutan (Djuna Ivereigh), Rhinoceros Hornbill (Johan de Jong), Gunung Leuser National Park Forest (Adriano Almeira) Back cover photos : GLNP forest (Madeleine Hardus) The Orangutan Information Centre (OIC) is dedicated to the conservation of Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) and their forest homes. Our grassroots projects in Sumatra work with local communities living alongside orangutan habitat. The OIC plants trees, visits schools and villages, and provides training to help local people work towards a more sustainable future. We are a local NGO staffed by Indonesian university graduates, believing that Sumatran people are best suited to have an impact in and help Sumatra. Phone / Fax: +62 61 4147142 Email: [email protected] Website: www.orangutancentre.org Acknowledgements Thanks are owed to many people who have been involved in the compilation and publication of this guidebook. First, our particular thanks go to James Thorn who spearheaded the writing and editing of this guidebook. David Dellatore and Helen Buckland from the Sumatran Orangutan Society also contributed; their patience and time during the reviewing and editing process reflects the professional expertise of this publication. We would like to thank to Suer Suryadi from the UNESCO Jakarta office, who has provided us with invaluable feedback, insights and suggestions for the improvement of this text.
    [Show full text]
  • Cave Settlement Potential of Caves and Rock Shelters in Aceh Besar Regency
    Berkala Arkeologi Volume 40 No. 1, May 2020, 25-44 DOI: 10.30883/jba.v40i1.506 https://berkalaarkeologi.kemdikbud.go.id CAVE SETTLEMENT POTENTIAL OF CAVES AND ROCK SHELTERS IN ACEH BESAR REGENCY POTENSI HUNIAN GUA DAN CERUK DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR Taufiqurrahman Setiawan Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera [email protected] ABSTRAK Bukti adanya kehidupan masa prasejarah di Aceh telah dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian arkeologi yang dilakukan oleh Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara. Sampai saat ini penelitian masih terfokus di pesisir timur dan pegunungan tengah Aceh, Pesisir barat Aceh belum pernah diteliti. Pesisir barat Aceh merupakan wilayah yang memiliki bentangalam kars cukup luas, dan memiliki potensi gua yang mungkin digunakan sebagai lokasi hunian pada masa lalu. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah memprediksi keberadaan gua dengan peta topografi, peta geologi, serta digital elevation model (DEM). Selain itu, hasil inventarisasi gua yang pernah dilakukan di wilayah pesisir barat Aceh juga digunakan sebagai data awal untuk memperoleh sebaran gua dan ceruk. Pada penelitian ini lingkup wilayah yang disurvei adalah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Tiga parameter gua hunian, yaitu morfologi dan genesa, lingkungan, serta kandungan arkeologis, digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran potensi masing-masing gua. Sebelas gua dan ceruk yang telah ditemukan menunjukkan adanya tiga buah gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian dan diteliti lebih lanjut, empat gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian tetapi tidak berpotensi untuk diteliti, dan empat gua berkategori tidak potensial sebagai lokasi hunian. Kata Kunci: Gua; Ceruk; Karst; Pesisir Barat Aceh; Prasejarah ABSTRACT The evidence of prehistoric life in Aceh has been proven by the results of archeological research conducted by the Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera.
    [Show full text]
  • Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-Prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia
    Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia Amin Budiarjo March, 2006 Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia by Amin Budiarjo Thesis submitted to the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Specialisation: Urban Planning Thesis Assessment Board Dr. R.V. Sliuzas (Chairman) Dr. T. de Jong (External Examiner) MSc. M. Kuffer (First Supervisor) Drs. M.C.J. Damen (Second Supervisor) INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GEO-INFORMATION SCIENCE AND EARTH OBSERVATION ENSCHEDE, THE NETHERLANDS Disclaimer This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute. Abstract This research aims at developing a method to determine possible allocation of evacuation shelter buildings (ESB) using geo-information technology as a part of urban reconstruction planning in a tsunami-prone urban area; case study is of Meulaboh City, Aceh, Indonesia. Initiated by the great earthquake of Mw=9.3 in the northwest of Sumatra island, Indonesia, the devastating tsunami of December 26, 2004 has become the most important research topic in tsunami research and disaster mitigation efforts today. Disaster mitigation aspects, including minimising casualties, will be part of the reconstruction planning of the tsunami-affected areas. The main effort in minimising casualties in tsunami disaster is to evacuate people from the hazard area before tsunami strikes by means of either horizontal or vertical evacuation.
    [Show full text]
  • To Download the First Issue of the Hornbill Natural History & Conservation
    IUCN HSG Hornbill Natural History and Conservation Volume 1, Number 1 Hornbill Specialist Group | January 2020 I PB IUCN HSG The IUCN SSC HSG is hosted by: Cover Photograph: Displaying pair of Von der Decken’s Hornbills. © Margaret F. Kinnaird II PB IUCN HSG Contents Foreword 1 Research articles Hornbill density estimates and fruit availability in a lowland tropical rainforest site of Leuser Landscape, Indonesia: preliminary data towards long-term monitoring 2 Ardiantiono, Karyadi, Muhammad Isa, Abdul Khaliq Hasibuan, Isma Kusara, Arwin, Ibrahim, Supriadi, and William Marthy Genetic monogamy in Von der Decken’s and Northern Red-billed hornbills 12 Margaret F. Kinnaird and Timothy G. O’Brien Long-term monitoring of nesting behavior and nesting habitat of four sympatric hornbill species in a Sumatran lowland tropical rainforest of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park 17 Marsya C. Sibarani, Laji Utoyo, Ricky Danang Pratama, Meidita Aulia Danus, Rahman Sudrajat, Fahrudin Surahmat, and William Marthy Notes from the field Sighting records of hornbills in western Brunei Darussalam 30 Bosco Pui Lok Chan Trumpeter hornbill (Bycanistes bucinator) bill colouration 35 Hugh Chittenden Unusually low nest of Rufous-necked hornbill in Bhutan 39 Kinley, Dimple Thapa and Dorji Wangmo Flocking of hornbills observed in Tongbiguan Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China 42 Xi Zheng, Li-Xiang Zhang, Zheng-Hua Yang, and Bosco Pui Lok Chan Hornbill news Update from the Helmeted Hornbill Working Group 45 Anuj Jain and Jessica Lee IUCN HSG Update and Activities 48 Aparajita Datta and Lucy Kemp III PB IUCN HSG Foreword We are delighted and super pleased to an- We are very grateful for the time and effort put nounce the publication of the first issue of in by our Editorial Board in bringing out the ‘Hornbill Natural History and Conservation’.
    [Show full text]
  • Wake Island Grasses Gra Sse S
    Wake Island Grasses Gra sse s Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Sandbur Cenchrus echinatus Poaceae Naturalized Swollen Fingergrass Chloris inflata Poaceae Naturalized Bermuda Grass Cynodon dactylon Poaceae Naturalized Beach Wiregrass Dactyloctenium aegyptium Poaceae Naturalized Goosegrass Eleusine indica Poaceae Naturalized Eustachys petraea Poaceae Naturalized Fimbristylis cymosa Poaceae Indigenous Dactyloenium Aegyptium Lepturus repens Poaceae Indigenous Manila grass Zoysia matrella Poaceae Cultivated Cenchrus echinatus Chloris inlfata Fimbristylis cymosa Lepturus repens Zoysia matrella Eustachys petraea Wake Island Weeds Weeds Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Spanish Needle Bidens Alba Asteraceae Naturalized Hairy Spurge Chamaesyce hirta Euphorbiaceae Naturalized Wild Spider Flower Cleome gynandra Capparidaceae Naturalized Purslane Portulaca oleracea Portulaceaceae Naturalized Puncture Vine Tribulus cistoides Zygophyllaceae Indigenous Coat Buttons Tridax procumbens Asteraceae Naturalized Tridax procumbens Uhaloa Waltheria Indica Sterculiacae Indigenous Bidens alba Chamaesyce hirta Cleome gynandra Portulaca oleracea Tribulus cistoides Waltheria indica Wake Island Vines Vines Common Name Scientific Name Family Status Beach Morning Glory Ipomoea pes-caprae Convolvulaceae Indigenous Beach Moonflower Ipomoea violacea Convolvulaceae Indigenous Passion fruit Passiflora foetida Passifloraceae Naturalized Ipomoea violacea Ipomoea pes-caprae Passiflora foetida Wake Island Trees Trees Common Name Scientific Name Family Status
    [Show full text]
  • A Rapid Biodiversity Survey of Papua New Guinea’S Manus and Mussau Islands
    A Rapid Biodiversity Survey of Papua New Guinea’s Manus and Mussau Islands edited by Nathan Whitmore Published by: Wildlife Conservation Society Papua New Guinea Program PO BOX 277, Goroka, Eastern Highlands Province PAPUA NEW GUINEA Tel: +675-532-3494 www.wcs.org Editor: Nathan Whitmore. Authors: Ken P. Aplin, Arison Arihafa, Kyle N. Armstrong, Richard Cuthbert, Chris J. Müller, Junior Novera, Stephen J. Richards, William Tamarua, Günther Theischinger, Fanie Venter, and Nathan Whitmore. The Wildlife Conservation Society is a private, not-for-profit organisation exempt from federal income tax under section 501c(3) of the Inland Revenue Code. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Criticial Ecosystems Partnership Fund, nor the Papua New Guinean Department of Environment or Conservation. Suggested citation: Whitmore N. (editor) 2015. A rapid biodiversity survey of Papua New Guinea’s Manus and Mussau Islands. Wildlife Conservation Society Papua New Guinea Program. Goroka, PNG. ISBN: 978-0-9943203-1-5 Front cover Image: Fanie Venter: cliffs of Mussau. ©2015 Wildlife Conservation Society A rapid biodiversity survey of Papua New Guinea’s Manus and Mussau Islands. Edited by Nathan Whitmore Table of Contents Participants i Acknowledgements iii Organisational profiles iv Letter of support v Foreword vi Executive summary vii Introduction 1 Chapters 1: Plants of Mussau Island 4 2: Butterflies of Mussau Island (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera)
    [Show full text]