DOCSLIB.ORG

WILDLIFE Andparks Journalofllildlife Andparks (2009-20T0) 26 : 109-Jj8

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
WILDLIFE Andparks Journalofllildlife Andparks (2009-20T0) 26 : 109-Jj8 rssN 0121-812 Vol XXVI 2009.2010 The Journalof WILDLIFE ANdPARKS Journalofllildlife andParks (2009-20t0) 26 : 109-jj8 MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: HETERoCERA) OF SUNGAI SEDIM FOREST RESERVE,KEDAH, MALAYSIA Norela Sulaiman,Zarul Idham bin Kazal Maidin, Maimon Abdullah and SaidahMd Said SchoolofEnvironmental and N.ttural ResourceSciences, Faculty of Scienceand Technology, Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia, Bangi 43600,Selangor Malaysia ABSTRACT samplingofmoth in sungaiSedim Forest Reserve in KedahMalaysia were conducted from August 17,h until 19'hand December 7'huntil 9'h2007. The objective ofthe studywas to determinethe dlversity of moth species(Lepidoptera : Heterocera). A totalof 196individual representing 116 species in 12 families werecollected during six daysof sampling.Noctuidae is themost dominant family with 4r species,followed by Geometridae(36 species), Lymantridae (11 species), Sphingidae (10 species), Notodontidae(5 species),Arctiidae (3 species),Uranidae (3 species;,Drepanidae 12 speciesj, saturnidaeand Nolidae (each with two species);and Lasiocampidae and Limacodidae leach with one species).In general,the most abundantspecies is Gangarideavardena swinioe iNotodontidae), wtife thecommon species ts Hypochrosis binexqta walker (Geometridae).A total of gl species (69.83%) areknown asrare species.The Shannon weiner index value was highest (H,:3.37) recordecr for samplingduring 18/08/07,followed bv samplingatH':3.3'.' (lgr}8/oi), H':3.30 (i7/08/07), H":2.84 (07/12/07) and H':2.78 (0s/r2r07),respectively. The overarlH' valuefor 5 dayssamplrng is 4.46 while theEvennes index (E') is 0.94.The highestvalues of H' andE, indicesshow thai Surigai sedimForest Reserve, Kedah has a veryhigh diversity ofmoth species and is evenlydistributed. INTRODUCTION Mothsare group a ofspecialized,night-flying Lepidoptera. Generally they canbe recognizedby their dull colours,and featheryantennae, but alsoby the way they rest,with the wings srretcir and expanded.The baseof the hindwing is expandedand strengthened,supporting arul- coupling with the lorewingwhen flight. Mothshave a widevariety of wing shape.This study *ui cood,r"tedii the SungaiSedim Forest Reserye, district of Kulim Kedah.This forestis classifiedas a dipterocarp forest.The areacove6 almost 100 km'? with coordinate 100'47'10.7" E and 0524'50.3,'N. Suniai sedim ForestReserve is situated33 km from Kulim and 130km from Alor setar It rocatedwithin thJGunung Inas ForestReserve is oneofthe bestplaces to go for whitewater rafting. The r5km longriver hai fastflowing watersand rapids excellent rorwhite water sports activities. The river is alsoone ofthe bestheart-stopping waterrapids in theworld. Sungai Sedim is a very niceprace to go to enjoythe nature becauseofthe diversityof flora andfauna. Sungai Sedim famous as conservationforest, catchment'swatel area,virgin forest,wildlife conservationforest, research forest and recreation forest.This study documented the diversityof moth faunaofsungai SedimForest Reserve. MATERIALS AND METHOD A study of mothsfauna was conductedat SungaiSedim Forest Reserve, Kedah was caried out from from Augustl7r until 19'hand December 7th until 9ri2007.sampling of mothswas using 160 watt mercuryvapour bulb light trapspowered by a portablegenerator, hang in front of a wtrite Norcla Sulainan, Zat"ul ldhan bi Kazal Mai.lin, Mainon Abdullah & Saidah Md Said cloth screenthat are directedtowards the surounding ofthe forestfrom 1900to 2200houm Moths that cameand trapped at the screenwere collected manually. The specimenswere killed in the killing jars containingcotton wools soaked with €thyl acetate.Later, the specimenswere pinned, ov€n- iried. identifiid. labeledand classified in the laboratoryat the Centrefor InsectSystematic, Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia (CIS-UKM). Species identification is donewith theaid of standardreferences such asBorror & Delong(197i), Barlow (1982), Carter (992) andHolloway (1987). Spesies identified than repositedin CIS-UKM depository. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Moth Fauna A total of 196 individual reprcsenting116 species in 12 families were collectedduring six days ol sampling.Noctuidae is the most dominantfamily with 41 species,followed by Geometridae(36 ,p""i"q Ly*unttidae (11 species),Sphingidae (10 species),Notodontidae (5 species),Arciidae (3 specie$,Uranidae (3 species),Drepanidae (2 species),Saturnidae and Nolidae (each with two species);and Lasiocompidae and Limacodidae (each with one species)(Appendix 1)' This comprises upprotitnut"ly 9.59%olthe total known speciesin the Borneo(Table 1) andconstituted the new record foithis forestreserve, since there is no previouslypublished report offauna moth in this area. In general,the highly abundantspecies is Gangaarideavardena Swinhoe (Notodontidae), while the commonspecies is Hypochrosisbinexata l,,lalker (Geometridae). A total of 81 species(69.837o) are known as rare species.The mostdominant family found is Noctuidaewith 4l speciesor 3 5.34%ofthe total mothscollected. This is becauseNoctuidae family around the world is exceeding 25,000species whilst the numberof Geometridaefamily is 15,000species (Carter 1992) They vary in sizefrom ten millimetersin wingspanto 20 centimetersor more,although with only a few exceptionsthey aredull mothswith grey,brown or black wings and few obviousmarkings. Two markson the forewing- onecircular and one kidney-shaped are often diagnostic' Mot h (Lep idoptera : Heteroc era) Of Sungai Sedim Forest Resene, Keclah, Malaj,sia TableI : comparativenumber and percentage ofmoth speciesfound at the SungaiSedin Forest Reserve, Kedah andthose of theBomeo. No. ofspecies in each No ofspecies in each Percentageof species Family family in Sedim Forest family in Borneo compared to those of Study) the Borneo Noctuidae 4I 480 8.54yo Geometridae 36 385 9.53% Lymantridae 1l 76 14.4'70/o Uranidae 3 ll 2',1.27yo Nolidae I 0 0 Sphingidae l0 42 23.81% Arctiidae 3 70 4.29% Notodontidae 5 35 t4.290/0 Drepanidae 2 26 '7.69yo Lasiocampidae I l6 6.25% Limacodidae 1 l2 8.330/. Saturnidae 2 5 40yo ll6 t2to Comparison With Moth Speciesin Other Areas of Malaysia In comparison, the total number of moths speciesrecorded in this study (116 species)is lower comparedto those of Kinabalu Park (706 species)(Jainah 1984),Universiti KebangsaanMalaysia ReserveForest (766 species)(Norela 1993)and SayapForest in sabah (722 species)(chong 1993), respectively(Table 2). The mostprobably reason is the limited duration ofsampling period compared to those locations that cover much more time of sampling in order to have a good picture of the moths fauna diversity. on the other word, Sungai sedim Forest Res€rve Hutan has been converted into recreationalareas and developedwith basic infrastructures for visitors, and this could be the underlying factor for the decreasein species richness observed. Thus this result might be one ofthe factor that causethe lower number of speciesobtained in this study. In conclusion, the diversity of moths fauna in this study was consideredmoderate, taking into accountthe limited sampling period and areacovered as comparedto similar efforts from other part of Malaysia. Norela Sulaiman, Zarul Idham bin Kazal Maidin, Mainon Abdu ah & Saidah Md Said Table2 : compantivenumber and percentage ofspecies recorded at SungaiSedim Forest Reserve (SDFR), KinabaluPark (KP), HutanSimpan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi (UKM), and SayapSabah (SS). Number ofspecies in each family No Family SDFR* UKM I Noctuidae 4l 269 178 280 2 Geometridae 36 240 143 181 3 Lyamantddae 39 33 4 Uranidae 3 4 2 4 5 Nolidae I 0 2 0 6 Sphigidae 10 1l 0 46 7 Arctiidae 3 52 83 '19 8 Notodontidae 26 14 33 9 Drepanidae 2 't4 20 13 l0 Lasiocampidae I 1l 3 n ll Limacodidae I I t8 8 12 Saturnidae 2 5 0 '7 13 Cossidae 0 2 2 9 t4 Bombycidae 0 8 I 8 15 Zygaenred^ 0 4 I t6 Epiplemidae 0 6 4 I t'| Eupterotidae 0 5 0 4 l8 Callidulidae 0 1 0 I l9 Hepialidae 0 0 0 0 20 Metarbelidae 0 I 0 I 21. Brahmaeidae 0 0 2 22 Cycliydidae 0 0 0 0 23 Thyatiridae 0 3 0 0 24 Pyralidae 0 0 207 0 25 Thytiridae 0 3 14 0 26 Tortricidae 0 0 10 2'7 Lecithoceridae 0 0 6 0 28 Tineidae 0 0 5 0 29 Gelechiidae 0 0 3 0 30 Oecophoridae 0 0 2 I 31 Pymustidae 0 0 2 0 Psyschidae 0 0 I 0 33 Xylorytiidae 0 0 I 0 34 Eriocottidae 0 0 I 0 35 Choreutidae 0 0 I 0 Total 116 706 766 '122 o%ofBorneo 9.590/0 58.35% 63 .31% s9.67% Sources: Jainah, 1984 (KP) ; Norela,1993 (UKM); Chong1993 (SS): present study (SDFR)* Mot h (Lep idoptera : H eterccera) Ofsungai Seain Forest Resene, Kedah, Matarsia Cumulative Speci€sDiversity Table 3 shows the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H,), Shannon-WienerEvenness index (E') and total cumulative species(S') for five sampling occasions. Table3 : valuesof Shannon-Wienerdiversity Index (H*), Shannon-WienerEvenness (E*) andTotal cumulative species (S.). (17t08/O'7) 08/08/07) (19/08/07) (07/12/01) (08/12/0'1') t+2+3+4+5 E' 0.96 0.98 0.9'1 0.95 0.91 0.94 H' 3.30 3.3'7 3.4'7 2.48 2.78 4.46 Notes : H'values with the same alphabetsare not significantly different (p>0.05). Cumulative analysis is used to determine the adequateof sampling efforts; whether more samplings are otherwise neededto point out the true speciesdiversity and richnessof the study area, The cumulative Shannon-weinerdiversity Index (H') lor day one is 3.30 (Table3). The index for second day samplingwas slightly increasedto 3.37 and getting increase again for the thircl day sampting occasion. However, the differences were statisticallynot significant(p>0.05) between day one with day two sampling;and day two with day three. The H' decreasesto 2.48 for the fourth day and the difference is statistically significant (p<0.05) comparcd to other days. The fifth sampling effort was not significantly difference (p>0.05) compared to fourth day and this could be due to recapturedthe same speciesin the subsequentsampling. Thus, it can be generally concluded that the minimum sampling efforts required providing a representativedescription of moth species diversity at Sungai Sedim Forest Reservefor fifth day samplingoccasion. The Evennessvalue (E') was almost constartfrom thefirst to fifth sampling occasionwith range from 0.91 to 0.9g (Table 3), which seem to indicate the lack ofdiversity in food plants and climate factor.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009
    Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009 Fauna Conservation Department Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden 29 June 2010 Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Publication Series: No 6 Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve moth survey 2009 Fung Yuen SSSI & Butterfly Reserve Moth Survey 2009 Executive Summary The objective of this survey was to generate a moth species list for the Butterfly Reserve and Site of Special Scientific Interest [SSSI] at Fung Yuen, Tai Po, Hong Kong. The survey came about following a request from Tai Po Environmental Association. Recording, using ultraviolet light sources and live traps in four sub-sites, took place on the evenings of 24 April and 16 October 2009. In total, 825 moths representing 352 species were recorded. Of the species recorded, 3 meet IUCN Red List criteria for threatened species in one of the three main categories “Critically Endangered” (one species), “Endangered” (one species) and “Vulnerable” (one species” and a further 13 species meet “Near Threatened” criteria. Twelve of the species recorded are currently only known from Hong Kong, all are within one of the four IUCN threatened or near threatened categories listed. Seven species are recorded from Hong Kong for the first time. The moth assemblages recorded are typical of human disturbed forest, feng shui woods and orchards, with a relatively low Geometridae component, and includes a small number of species normally associated with agriculture and open habitats that were found in the SSSI site. Comparisons showed that each sub-site had a substantially different assemblage of species, thus the site as a whole should retain the mosaic of micro-habitats in order to maintain the high moth species richness observed.
    [Show full text]
  • ISMAIL HUSSEIN COLLECTION Zahidi Dato' Hj Zainol Rashid
    Jurnal PPM Vol. 5, 2011 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE KEDAH STATE LIBRARY CORPORATION : ISMAIL HUSSEIN COLLECTION Zahidi Dato’ Hj Zainol Rashid Kedah State Library Corporation Jalan Kolam Air, 05100 Alor Star [email protected] ABSTRACT The Kedah State Library Corporation aims to establish libraries in all the 11 districts in Kedah. Apart from serving the community, the Corporation also establishes special collections of local scholars. This article traces the setting-up of the Ismail Hussein Collection Keywords: State library; Local collection; Kedah State Library Corporation; Ismail Hussein Collection INTRODUCTION Kedah, the northern most state of Malaysia is located immediately south of Thailand, has an area of 9,426 sq. km. Popularly known as the ‘Rice Bowl of Malaysia’, Kedah is Malaysia‘s biggest producer of paddy. The common sight in the state is vast tracts of paddy fields backed by undulating mountains. Kedah now has become another attractive haven for investors and there are hundreds of hectares of well-developed industrial land throughout the state. According to the 1980 census, Kedah has a population of 1,116,140. Presently, Kedah has 460 primary schools and 86 secondary schools with 275,000 students and 12,000 teachers. The country’s sixth university, Universiti Utara Malaysia, is located in Kedah. DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS OF THE KEDAH STATE LIBRARY CORPORATION The history of the State Library dates back 38 years ago when a committee was formed to establish a public library service. But it was only in 1960 that the state government approved RM$45,000 for the establishment of a state library.
    [Show full text]
  • \\Sanjaymolur\F\ZOOS'p~1\2005
    CATALOGUE ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 20(8): 1955-1960 Fauna of Protected Areas - 23: INSECT FAUNA OF PEECHI-VAZHANI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, KERALA, INDIA George Mathew 1,2, R.S.M. Shamsudeen 1 and Rashmi Chandran 1 1 Division of Forest Protection, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala 680653, India Email: 2 [email protected] ABSTRACT transition zone between moist deciduous and evergreen forests. In a study on the insect fauna of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife The vegetation of moist deciduous forests is characteristic in Sanctuary, 374 species of insects mostly belonging to that the trees of the upper canopy shed their leaves during the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hemiptera were recorded. The fauna was rich and diverse and contained several rare and dry season from February to April. Xylia xylocarpa, Terminalia protected species. Among butterflies, of the 74 species bellerica, Terminalia tomentosa, Garuga pinnata, recorded, six species (Chilasa clytia, Appias lyncida, Appias Cinnamomum spp., Bridelia retusa, Grewia tiliaefolia and libythea, Mycalesis anaxias, Hypolimnas misippus and Haldina cordifolia are the common tree species. In the lower Castalius rosimon) are protected under the Indian Wildlife canopy, Ixora spp., Lantana camara and Clerodendrum spp. (Protection) Act. Similarly, four species of butterflies, Papilio buddha, Papilio polymnestor, Troides minos, and Cirrochroa occur as undergrowth. A considerable portion of the forest thais, recorded in this study are rare and restricted in area in this region has been converted to teak and eucalyptus distribution. The moth fauna is rich in arboreal feeding plantations by the Forest Department. A variety of wild animals forms indicating an undisturbed forest patch in the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Andhra Pradesh
    PROFILES OF SELECTED NATIONAL PARKS AND SANCTUARIES OF INDIA JULY 2002 EDITED BY SHEKHAR SINGH ARPAN SHARMA INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION NEW DELHI CONTENTS STATE NAME OF THE PA ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR CAMPBELL BAY NATIONAL PARK ISLANDS GALATHEA NATIONAL PARK MOUNT HARRIET NATIONAL PARK NORTH BUTTON ISLAND NATIONAL PARK MIDDLE BUTTON ISLAND NATIONAL PARK SOUTH BUTTON ISLAND NATIONAL PARK RANI JHANSI MARINE NATIONAL PARK WANDOOR MARINE NATIONAL PARK CUTHBERT BAY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY GALATHEA BAY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY INGLIS OR EAST ISLAND SANCTUARY INTERVIEW ISLAND SANCTUARY LOHABARRACK OR SALTWATER CROCODILE SANCTUARY ANDHRA PRADESH ETURUNAGARAM SANCTUARY KAWAL WILDLIFE SANCTUARY KINNERSANI SANCTUARY NAGARJUNASAGAR-SRISAILAM TIGER RESERVE PAKHAL SANCTUARY PAPIKONDA SANCTUARY PRANHITA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY ASSAM MANAS NATIONAL PARK GUJARAT BANSDA NATIONAL PARK PURNA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY HARYANA NAHAR SANCTUARY KALESAR SANCTUARY CHHICHHILA LAKE SANCTUARY ABUBSHEHAR SANCTUARY BIR BARA VAN JIND SANCTUARY BIR SHIKARGAH SANCTUARY HIMACHAL PRADESH PONG LAKE SANCTUARY RUPI BHABA SANCTUARY SANGLA SANCTUARY KERALA SILENT VALLEY NATIONAL PARK ARALAM SANCTUARY CHIMMONY SANCTUARY PARAMBIKULAM SANCTUARY PEECHI VAZHANI SANCTUARY THATTEKAD BIRD SANCTUARY WAYANAD WILDLIFE SANCTUARY MEGHALAYA BALPAKARAM NATIONAL PARK SIJU WILDLIFE SANCTUARY NOKREK NATIONAL PARK NONGKHYLLEM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY MIZORAM MURLEN NATIONAL PARK PHAWNGPUI (BLUE MOUNTAIN) NATIONAL 2 PARK DAMPA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY KHAWNGLUNG WILDLIFE SANCTUARY LENGTENG WILDLIFE SANCTUARY NGENGPUI WILDLIFE
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of English Education in Kota Setar, 1909- 1957
    International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 10, No. 9, 2020, E-ISSN: 2222 -6990 © 2020 HRMARS The Development of English Education in Kota Setar, 1909- 1957 Muhammad Qiwamuddin Alif Mahamad Najib, Khairi Ariffin To Link this Article: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i9/7981 DOI:10.6007/IJARBSS/v10-i9/7981 Received: 25 July 2020, Revised: 17 August 2020, Accepted: 30 August 2020 Published Online: 25 September 2020 In-Text Citation: (Najib, & Ariffin, 2020) To Cite this Article: Najib, M. Q. A. M., & Ariffin, K. (2020). The Development of English Education in Kota Setar, 1909-1957. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 10(9), 1011-1022. Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s) Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com) This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode Vol. 10, No. 9, 2020, Pg. 1011 - 1022 http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/IJARBSS JOURNAL HOMEPAGE Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/publication-ethics 1011 International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences Vol. 10, No. 9, 2020, E-ISSN: 2222 -6990 © 2020 HRMARS The Development of English Education in Kota Setar, 1909-1957 Muhammad Qiwamuddin Alif Mahamad Najib, Khairi Ariffin Sultan Idris Education University, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak Abstract This research aims to study the development of English education in Kota Setar from 1909 to 1957.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Tenth Forum Herbulot 2018. Integrative Taxonomy, a Multidisciplinary Approach to Answer Compli- Cated Taxonomic Questions
    SPIXIANA 42 2 291-320 München, Dezember 2019 ISSN 0341-8391 Proceedings of the tenth FORUM HERBULOT 2018. Integrative taxonomy, a multidisciplinary approach to answer compli- cated taxonomic questions (Stuttgart, Germany, 11-16 June 2018) Axel Hausmann & Hossein Rajaei (eds) Hausmann, A. & Rajaei, H. (eds) 2019. Proceedings of the tenth FORUM HERBULOT 2018. Integrative taxonomy, a multidisciplinary approach to answer complicated taxonomic questions (Stuttgart, Germany, 11-16 June 2018). Spixiana 42 (2): 291- 320. The tenth International Congress of FORUM HERBULOT on “Integrative taxonomy, a multidisciplinary approach to answer complicated taxonomic questions” took place in the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (SMNS), from 11.- 16.06.2018, with 77 participants and 52 scientific presentations. The proceedings provide short information on the meeting and the abstracts of the oral presenta- tions. Axel Hausmann (corresponding author), SNSB – ZSM, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Munich, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Short report and results Axel Hausmann & Hossein Rajaei Hausmann, A. & Rajaei, H. 2019. Short report and results. Pp. 291-292 in: Hausmann, A. & Rajaei, H. (eds). Proceedings of the tenth FORUM HERBULOT 2018. Integrative taxonomy, a multidisciplinary approach to answer complicated taxonomic questions (Stuttgart, Germany, 11-16 June 2018). Spixiana 42 (2). Axel Hausmann (corresponding author), SNSB – ZSM, Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Mu- nich, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] The meeting was organized by an organization The conference started with a lecture on the ground- team of the ‘Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde breaking effects of “Willi Hennig and the synthesis of Stuttgart’ (SMNS).
    [Show full text]
  • AEON Big Alor Setar Opens on December 12Th in the State Capital in Northern Malaysia(459KB
    This is a translation of the original Japanese document and is provided for informational purposes only. If there are any discrepancies between this and the original, the original Japanese document prevails. December 10, 2014 AEON CO., LTD. AEON BIG (M) SDN. BHD AEON BiG opens in Alor Setar, the state capital in northern Malaysia AEON BiG Alor Setar opens on December 12th Aeon Big (M) SDN. BHD (hereinafter called “Aeon Big”) is scheduled to open Aeon Big Alor Setar in Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia on December 12 (Fri). This brings the total number of the Group stores in Malaysia to 61. In the ASEAN region overall, Aeon operates a total of 140 GMSs, hypermarkets and food supermarkets. AEON BiG Alor Setar Store ■ Store location Alor Setar is a city located in the northeastern part of Kedah State, roughly 400km north of the capital Kuala Lumpur and about 50km south of the southern border with Thailand. The special administrative city has a population of approx. 450,000, of which more than 150,000 live in Jalan Gangsa where the mall is located. With the Muda River flowing through the region, the area has long been a major agricultural center and constitutes the largest farming area in Malaysia. The area is also famous for its beautiful mosques. ■ The distinctive features of AEON BiG Alor Setar Store: Proposing new lifestyles through shopping The store boasts the area’s widest lineup of foods, clothing, home goods and other daily necessities at affordable prices on two levels, provided with spacious aisles with good visibility. The building is organized into zones of tenants providing customers assistance in everyday living.
    [Show full text]
  • Bombyx Mori Silk Fibers Released from Cocoons by Alkali Treatment
    Journal of Life Sciences and Technologies Vol. 3, No. 1, June 2015 Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Attacus atlas and Bombyx mori Silk Fibers Released from Cocoons by Alkali Treatment Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia and I. Wayan Surata Department of Mechanical Engineering, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Bali, Indonesia, 80361 Email: [email protected] Zdeněk Knejzlík and Tomáš Ruml Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic Tjokorda Sari Nindhia Faculty of veterinary Madicine, Udayana University, Jl. P.B. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, 80114 Abstract—Natural silks, produced by spiders and insects, historically used in textile industry [6]. Fibers present in represent perspective source of biomaterials for the cocoons are mainly composed from fibroin complex regenerative medicine and biotechnology because of their [7] produced from paired labial glands [8]. About 10 – 12 excellent biocompatibility and physico-chemical properties. μm fibroin fibers in B. mori cocoon are tethered by It was previously shown that silks produced by several amorphous protein; sericin, which can be released from members of Saturniidae family have excellent properties in comparison to silk from B. mori, the most studied silkworm. cocoon by washing in mild alkali conditions or hot water, Efficient degumming of silk fibers is a critical step for a process, designated as degumming [9]. Fine fibers, subsequent processing of fibers and/or fibroin. In this study, obtained by degumming, can be used as source of fibroin we describe cheap, environmentally friendly and efficient which may be next solubilized in denaturing agents such NaOH-based degumming of A. atlas fibers originated from as highly concentrated solution of lithium salts, calcium natural cocoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera Fauna of Namibia. I. Seasonal Distribution of Moths of the Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in Ogongo, Northern Namibia
    FRAGMENTA FAUNISTICA 57 (2): 117–129, 2014 PL ISSN 0015-9301 © MUSEUM AND INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY PAS DOI 10.3161/00159301FF2014.57.2.117 Lepidoptera fauna of Namibia. I. Seasonal distribution of moths of the Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in Ogongo, northern Namibia Grzegorz KOPIJ Department of Wildlife Management, University of Namibia, Katima Mulilio Campus, Private Bag 1096, Katima Mulilo, Namibia; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: During the years 2011–2013, moths were collected in Koakoland (Mopane) Savanna in the Cuvelai Drainage System, Ovamboland, northern Namibia. In total, 77 species from 13 families have been identified. Their seasonal occurrence in this habitat was also investigated, with most species recorded in wet season between September and April, but with clear peak in February and March. The family Noctuidae was by far the most speciose (38 recorded species), followed by Crambidae (8 spp.), Sphingidae (6 spp.) and Arctiidae (4 spp.). All other families were represented by 1–3 species. For each species listed date of collection is given, and data on its global distribution. Key words: Lepidoptera, check-list, biodiversity, distribution, moths, Ovamboland INTRODUCTION According to recent quite precise estimate, there are 15 5181 species, 16 650 genera and 121 families of Lepidoptera worldwide (Pouge 2009). Lepidoptera fauna of Namibia has recently attracted attention of European entomologists. However, thorough surveys were conducted hitherto in a few areas only, such as Brandberg and Hobatere. The northern regions of the country were especially badly neglected. In southern Africa (south of Zambezi and Kunene Rivers) – 8 511 species, 2 368 genera and 89 families were recently catalogued (Vári et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Moths of Ohio Guide
    MOTHS OF OHIO field guide DIVISION OF WILDLIFE This booklet is produced by the ODNR Division of Wildlife as a free publication. This booklet is not for resale. Any unauthorized INTRODUCTION reproduction is prohibited. All images within this booklet are copyrighted by the Division of Wildlife and it’s contributing artists and photographers. For additional information, please call 1-800-WILDLIFE. Text by: David J. Horn Ph.D Moths are one of the most diverse and plentiful HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE groups of insects in Ohio, and the world. An es- Scientific Name timated 160,000 species have thus far been cata- Common Name Group and Family Description: Featured Species logued worldwide, and about 13,000 species have Secondary images 1 Primary Image been found in North America north of Mexico. Secondary images 2 Occurrence We do not yet have a clear picture of the total Size: when at rest number of moth species in Ohio, as new species Visual Index Ohio Distribution are still added annually, but the number of species Current Page Description: Habitat & Host Plant is certainly over 3,000. Although not as popular Credit & Copyright as butterflies, moths are far more numerous than their better known kin. There is at least twenty Compared to many groups of animals, our knowledge of moth distribution is very times the number of species of moths in Ohio as incomplete. Many areas of the state have not been thoroughly surveyed and in some there are butterflies. counties hardly any species have been documented. Accordingly, the distribution maps in this booklet have three levels of shading: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • AIMST Newsletter
    e re F AIMST Newsletter THE NEWSLETTER OF THE ASIAN INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY THIS NEWSLETTER IS INTENDED FOR AIMST UNIVERSITY’S COMMUNITY AND STAKEHOLDERS Volume 2, Issue 3 October-December 2019 Educating Tomorrow's Leaders TUN SAMY VELLU: ARCHITECT OF AIMST UNIVERSITY Page 3 1 Page 2 AIMST Newsletter Contents Editorial Board Editor’s Note ....................................................................................................................... 3 Editor-in-Chief: Subhash J Bhore Tun Samy Vellu: Architect of AIMST University ................................................................. 3 Sectional Editors Message from the MIED Chairman .................................................................................... 6 Pharmacy: Mohd. Baidi Bahari The Ministry of Health Malaysia and AIMST University Launched KOSPEN Plus Program .6 Medicine: Matiullah Khan AIMST Received Excellence Award in Education from Chief Minister of Penang on Sin Dentistry: Durga Prasad Mudrakola Chew Daily’s 90th Anniversary........................................................................................... 9 Applied Sciences: Lee Su Yin Japanese Students at AIMST University ............................................................................ 9 Business & Management: Sham Abdulrazak 21st Century Trends in Medical Education and Sciences–2019 ........................................ 10 Engineering&Computer: Ravandran Muttiah Crowning of a Worthy Career for Dental Technology Graduates ......................................
    [Show full text]
  • Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, 2004. Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Dachouding and Sanyue Nature Reserves, Northwest Guangdong, China, April 2001
    Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Dachouding and Sanyue Nature Reserves, Northwest Guangdong, China, April 2001 Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden in collaboration with Zhongshan University Zhaoqing Forestry Bureau February 2004 South China Forest Biodiversity Survey Report Series: No. 37 (Online Simplified Version) Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Dachouding and Sanyue Nature Reserves, Northwest Guangdong, China, April 2001 Editors Bosco P.L. Chan, Ng Sai-Chit, Michael W.N. Lau and John R. Fellowes Contributors Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden: Michael W.N. Lau (ML) Bosco P.L. Chan (BC) John R. Fellowes (JRF) Lee Kwok Shing (LKS) Ng Sai-Chit (NSC) Roger Kendrick (RCK) Zhongshan University: Chang Hong (CH) Voluntary specialists: Graham T. Reels (GTR) Keith D.P. Wilson (KW) Background The present report details the findings of a trip to Northwest Guangdong by members of Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden (KFBG) in Hong Kong and their colleagues, as part of KFBG's South China Biodiversity Conservation Programme (renamed the China Programme in 2003). The overall aim of the programme is to minimise the loss of forest biodiversity in the region, and the emphasis in the first three years is on gathering up-to-date information on the distribution and status of fauna and flora. Citation Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, 2004. Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Dachouding and Sanyue Nature Reserves, Northwest Guangdong, China, April 2001 . South China Forest Biodiversity Survey Report Series (Online Simplified Version): No. 37. KFBG, Hong Kong SAR, ii + 33 pp. Copyright Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Corporation Lam Kam Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong February 2004 - i - Contents Objectives …………………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]