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Electronic Medicine: Formation and Scientific-Theoretical Problems

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Electronic Medicine: Formation and Scientific-Theoretical Problems Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Masuma Mammadova Zarifa Jabrayilova ELECTRONIC MEDICINE: FORMATION AND SCIENTIFIC-THEORETICAL PROBLEMS Baku – 2019 Masuma Mammadova, Zarifa Jabrayilova. Electronic medicine: formation and scientific-theoretical problems. Baku: "Information Technologies" publishing house, 2019, 319 p. This book highlights the essence, possibilities and formation of electronic medicine and the analysis of development trends and problems telemedicine. It focuses on scientific and theoretical problems of electronic health in details and reviews the development of health expert systems for physicians' decision-making, including the security of personal health information and Big Data problems in healthcare. Moreover, the book describes the opportunities of the Internet and social media in healthcare and their role in the integration of the people with physical disabilities. In addition, the trends existing in the provision of medical personnel and the formation of human resources in electronic health are commented. The monograph is intended for a wide range of readers, as well for professionals, researchers, research fellows, teachers and students of information technology, healthcare and medical informatics. Scientific consultant: Full member of ANAS Rasim Alguliyev Scientific editors: Full member of ANAS Telman Aliyev Corresponding member of ANAS Nuru Bayramov Reviewers: Corresponding member of ANAS Ramiz Aliguliyev DSc of engineering, professor Alakbar Aliyev PhD of engineering, associate professor Fargana Abdullayeva The book is recommended by the decision of the Scientific Board of the Institute of Information Technology of ANAS. ISBN: 978-9952-530-03-2 © "Information Technologies" publishing house 2019 2 Contents Abbreviations ............................................................................... 7 Introduction .................................................................................. 8 Chapter 1. Essence, opportunities and scientific problems of e-medicine ........................................................................... 17 1.1. Factors and trends imposing e-medicine formation ….......... 17 1.2. Establishment of e-medicine …............................................ 19 1.3. The goal, essence and capabilities of e-medicine ................. 20 1.4. International experience in e-medicine ................................ 25 1.5. E-medicine in Azerbaijan ..................................................... 27 1.6. Development stages of medical information systems …… 30 1.7. Scientific problems and direcions of e-medicine ................. 31 1.8. Scientific centers in e-medicine …………………………... 39 1.9. Terminological problems of e-medicine............................... 40 References ........................................................................... 42 CHAPTER 2. Telemedicine ......................................................... 49 2.1. History of telemedicine …………………………………… 49 2.2. The essence and tasks of telemedicine …………………… 51 2.3. Main fields of telemedicine ……………………………….. 52 2.4. Development of telemedicine …………………………….. 55 2.5. Telemedicine in CIS countries ……………………………. 56 2.6. Telemedicine problems …………………………………… 57 References ………………………………………………... 58 Chapter 3. Development problems and prospects of the medical expert systems ...................................................... 61 3.1. Problems related to information abundance in medicine........ 61 3.2. Technology for establishing ES ............................................. 63 3.3. The issues of transforming natural medical intelligence into artificial medical intelligence …............................................. 65 3.4. Modern medical ES and their application trends …............... 71 3.5. The development of medical ES in Azerbaijan ………...…… 73 References ............................................................................ 77 Chapter 4. The information security of personal medical data in an electronic environment ............................................... 81 4.1. Safety and confidentiality of medical information: international experience ……………………………………. 81 3 4.2. The specific features of personal medical data ....................... 84 4.3. Potential threats to the privacy and security of personal data in MIS ...................................................................................... 86 4.4. Personal data protection.......................................................... 89 4.5. The legal framework for the protection of personal health information in Azerbaijan ...................................................... 91 4.6. Prospects for the development of information security of personal medical information................................................. 94 References .............................................................................. 98 Chapter 5. Big Data in electronic medicine: opportunities, 103 challenges and perspectives ................................................. 5.1. Key elements that define the information explosion in medicine.. 104 5.2. Definition and essence of the concept of "Big Data" in medicine ................................................................................ 107 5.3. Key indicators of Big Data in medicine .................................. 109 5.4. Application areas and potential of Big Data in medicine ...... 114 5.5. Big Data to support decision-making on management of healthcare quality ................................................................... 117 5.6. Big Data opportunities in organizational and managerial decision support ..................................................................... 125 5.7. Advantages of Big Data and proper analytics to support appropriate medical decisions ................................................ 126 5.8. Challenges in using Big Data-analytics in medicine .............. 127 5.9. Technologies and methods of Big Data processing and analyzing …………………………………………………... 129 5.10. Development prospects of Big Data in medicine …….............. 131 References .............................................................................. 133 Chapter 6. Internet of Things and its aplications in e-Healts. 142 6.1. The term of the "Internet of Things"...................................... 142 6.2. IoT technologies on the e-health............................................ 146 6.3. Opportunities of IoT for the development e-medicine……… 147 6.4. Portable intelligent Internet of things in e-medicine............... 153 6.5. Intelligent IoT-services and IoT-applications in e-health…... 157 6.6. Technologies used in health-IoTs................................................ 167 6.7. IoT-based medical data transfer technologies............................ 169 6.8. IoT and other technologies......................................................... 173 6.9. IoT in health: risks and challenges.......................................... 176 References.............................................................................. 180 4 Chapter 7. E-medicine and social media…………………........ 190 7.1. Integration of e-medicine and social media opportunities ...... 191 7.2. Activity of medical professionals in social media ................... 194 7.3. E-patients and social media ................................................... 196 7.4. Social media and crowdsourcing............................................... 199 7.5. Social media benefits in e-medicine........................................... 200 7.6. Risk factors of social media in e-medicine................................. 201 7.7. Social relations in e-medicine................................................. 202 References............................................................................... 206 Chapter 8. Impact of social media on the integration of disabled people to modern society .......................................... 210 8.1. Purposes of using social media and requirements of disabled people ……………………....……………………………… 211 8.2. Technology for using social media for people with limited health capabilities .................................................................. 214 8.3. Opportunities to use social media on existing devices ............ 215 8.4. Opportunities of software applications supporting social media ..................................................................................... 218 8.5. Problems faced by physically restricted people when using social media ........................................................................... 221 References .............................................................................. 223 Chapter 9. Formation of human resources for e-medicine: international experience, solutions and perspectives ............ 226 9.1. Challenges to the formation of human resources in e- medicine................................................................................. 227 9.2. E-medicine human resource challenges……………..……... 228 9.3. E-medicine professionals and their competencies.................. 231 9.4. E-medicine specialist training................................................. 233 9.5. Big Data analytics personnel problems of e-medicine............ 238 9.6. Training of personnel in e-medicine specialties in Russia ...... 239 9.7. E-medicine staff training in Azerbaijan.................................. 243 References........................................................................... 245 5 Charter 10. Modelling
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