SEIA for Conversion of Light Industry to Medium Industry, ,

5.0 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

5.1 Introduction

This section describes the physical, chemical, biological and social condition of the existing environment in the vicinity of the project site and its surrounding areas. Official published secondary literatures were referred in addition to fulfil the gaps of the primary information and baseline data collected during site visit and field investigation.

5.2 Topography, Soil and Geology

The project site is currently a vacant industrial land. Site clearance of site has been previously completed for light industrial purposes.

Geologically, the project site is underlain by intrusive rocks ( Figure 5.2.1 ). According to Generalized Soil Map of Peninsular ( Figure 5.2.2) , the soil of the Project Site consists of Red Yellow Podzolic soil with Reddish-Brown Lateritic soils.

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Figure 5.2.1 – Geology of the Project Site

PROJECT SITE

N

5 0 5 10km

LEGEND EXPLANATION QUATERNARY CRETACEOUS – JURASSIC

CARBONIFEROUS PERMIAN

INTRUSIVE ROCKS

ACID INTRUSIVES (UNDIFFERENTIATED)

Source: Geological Map of Peninsular Malaysia, 1995.

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Figure 5.2.2 – Soil of the Project Site

PROJECT SITE

N

5 0 5 10km

Legend

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5.3 Hydrology and Drainage System

Surface runoff from the project site will be catered by the road side stormwater drainage system through residential area and will eventually discharge into Sg. before entering Straits of Johor. Drainage pattern adjacent to the project site is shown in Figure 5.3.1. There is a water intake point at Sg. Skudai (N 1 o33’30”, E 103 o39’40”), about 10km downstream of the project site.

Sg. Skudai can be considered to be a partial urban river, which receives a myriad of point and non-point source pollution from various contributors including kampung areas in both and Skudai. Industrial effluent also enters Sg. Skudai directly, such as from the Senai Industrial Area.

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Figure 5.3.1 – Drainage Pattern of the Project Site

SG SK UDAI

DISCHARGE POINT

PROJECT SITE

LEGEND

Project Site Boundary

Flow Direction

200 0 200 400m

Source: Topographic Map of Kulai (Sheet 170), Jupem 1997

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5.4 Land Use

The proposed Project site is located within urban area in Kulaijaya District and hence, land uses within 3km radius are predominantly developed areas for commercial, residential and industrial. The nearest sensitive receptor is institutions i.e Pejabat Pelajaran Daerah Kulaijaya , Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Kulaijaya and quarters Sek Men Kulai Besar located immediate north of PTD 106685. The surrounding committed land use profile in terms of radial distance (3km) from the project site is shown in Figure 5.4.1 . The main land use features are further described as follows:

1. Land use within 500m radius • Institution –Pejabat Pelajaran Daerah Kulaijaya, Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Kulaijaya, Sek Men Kulai Besar. • Industrial – Tmn Perindustrian Creative Gold, i-Park • Commercial – Bandar (commercial area). • Others – TNB Substation, Sewage Treatment Plant (STP).

2. Land use within 0.5km – 1.0km radius • Residential – Tmn Kemboja, Tmn Mesra, Tmn Teratai, Bandar Indahpura, Kg Pertanian. • Institution - Sek Men Indahpura 1 & 2, Hospital Kulai, Sek Men Sultan Ibrahim.

3. Land use within 1km-2km • Residential – Bandar Putra. • Institution – , SJKC Kulai 1 & 2.

4. Land use within 2km-3km • Residential – Tmn Sentosa 2 Kulai, Tmn Sungai Mas, Tmn Mewah Kulai, Tmn Makmur, Tmn Pancasila, Tmn Sutra, Tmn Muhibbah. • Institution – Sek Men Bandar Putra. • Others – IOI Palm Villa Golf & Country Resort.

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Figure 5.4.1 – Land Use within 3km Radius of the Project Site

3 km 10

11 2 km 23 8 9 7 1 km 22 13 6 500m

12 20 21 5

4

3 17

1 2 14 18 15 Legend

19 Water bodies

Forest

16 Industry

Infrastructure & utilities

Institution

20. Pejabat Pelajaran Daerah Residential Kulaijaya 21. Ibu Pejapbat Polis Daerah Transportation Kulaijaya 22. IOI Palm Villa Golf & Aquaculture & livestock Country Resort 23. Sek Men Bandar Putra Commercial Agriculture

Source: Modified from Rancangan Tempatan Daerah , 2020

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5.5 Meteorology

Malaysia is located within tropic region which experiences warm and humid weather all year round. It is under the influence of the Asian monsoonal system, with two distinct monsoon regimes, the Northeast Monsoon and the Southwest Monsoon and two intermonsoon periods in between. The nearest principal station established by Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) is located at Senai (Latitude N01° 38’, longitude E103° 40’). The climatological information from this station is considered to be most representative of the project site.

5.5.1 Rainfall

Table 5.5.1 shows the records for the mean, highest, lowest monthly and annual rainfall and raindays over the period of 35 years for recent years (1974 to 2008). The mean annual rainfall is 2483.8mm. The recorded annual highest rainfall is 3,402.2mm, the year of the highest rainfall is 2007 and the recorded annual lowest rainfall is 1,860.4mm, year of lowest rainfall is 1990 respectively. It rains over an average of 201 days a year. The recorded annual highest raindays is 240 days and year of highest raindays is 1984 and the recorded annual lowest raindays is 166 days and year of lowest raindays is 1997 respectively. Figure 5.5.1 shows the lowest, mean and highest of monthly rainfall at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008.

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Table 5.5.1 – Records of Mean, Highest, Lowest of Monthly and Annual Rainfall and Raindays

Period No Rainfall JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual of (mm) Years Feb 35 Mean 201.8 124.5 212.7 228.0 209.7 163.7 188.0 190.7 204.2 222.1 245.2 269.6 2483.8 1974 to Highest 664.8 375.3 521.8 405.3 387.9 324.2 331.3 355.5 407.3 506.5 402.4 907.2 3402.2 2008 Year of 2007 1995 2008 1997 1974 2003 1993 1997 1991 1991 2004 2006 2007 Highest Lowest 7.9 11.2 28.2 49.3 65.8 50.6 16.6 26.0 40.9 65.4 92.3 37.2 1860.4 Year of 1977 2004 1977 1983 2003 1985 1994 1981 1997 1988 1998 1988 1990 Lowest

Period No of Number of JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Years Raindays Feb 1974 35 Mean 14 11 16 19 18 16 16 16 18 19 21 19 201 to 2008 Highest 23 20 25 24 26 21 23 23 26 25 26 27 240 Year of 1984 1984 1994 1980 1991 1996 1998 1995 2004 Sev. Sev. 1991 1984 Highest 2001 1999 2004

Lowest 2 3 5 12 10 6 7 9 5 10 16 9 166 Year of Lowest 1976 2004 1983 Sev. 1977 1985 1991 1993 1997 1982 1986 1988 1997 1994 2004 2006 Note : Sev – Several Occasions Definition : Trace – Rainfall amount less than 0.1 mm

Source : Malaysian Meteorological Department, 2008.

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Figure 5.5.1 – Mean, Highest and Lowest of Monthly Rainfall at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008

Lowest, Mean and Highest of Monthly Rainfall at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008

1000

800

600

400

200 Monthly Rainfall (mm) Rainfall Monthly 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Lowest Mean Highest

5.5.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity

Table 5.5.2 shows the 24-hr mean, mean maximum, mean minimum temperature and 24-hr mean relative humidity at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008. The 24-hr mean, mean maximum, mean minimum temperature and 24-hr mean relative humidity recorded at the Senai Station were 26.0, 37.2, 18.2 and 86.4% respectively. Figure 5.5.2 shows the 24-hr mean maximum, mean minimum of monthly temperature while Figure 5.5.3 shows the monthly mean relative humidity at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008.

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Table 5.5.2 – Records of Temperature and Relative Humidity

Period No of Temperature JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Years (ºC) Feb 35 24hr Mean 25.5 26.0 26.2 26.4 26.6 26.5 26.0 26.0 25.8 26.0 25.8 25.5 26.0 1974 to Highest Max 34.8 36.3 36.3 37.2 36.0 35.3 34.8 34.6 34.8 35.0 34.6 34.3 37.2 2008 Year of 1980 1998 1998 1998 1998 1985 1999 1986 1999 1994 2000 2000 1998 Highest Max

Lowest Min 18.3 18.4 18.2 20.1 20.3 20.0 19.7 20.2 20.0 20.5 20.4 19.5 18.2 Year of 1976 1976 1974 1976 1979 1975 1985 1981 1985 1975 1978 1979 1974 Lowest Min

Period No of Relative JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Years Humidity (%) Feb 35 24hr Mean 85.2 83.3 85.1 86.9 87.2 86.4 86.6 86.7 87.1 86.8 88.0 87.5 86.4 1974 to 2008

Note: Sev - Several Occasions Source : Malaysian Meteorological Department, 2008.

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Figure 5.5.2 – Temperature at Senai Station (1974 – 2008)

24-hr Mean Maximum, Mean Minimum of Monthly Temperature at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008

40 30 20 10

0 Monthly Temperature Monthly JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Lowest Mean Highest

Figure 5.5.3 – Relative Humidity at Senai Station (1974 – 2008)

Monthly Mean Relative Humidity at Senai Station from 1974 – 2008

89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81

Relative Humidity (%) Humidity Relative 80 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

5.5.3 Wind

Surface wind data was recorded at Senai Station, the nearest principal meteorological station from the project site. Table 5.5.3 shows the monsoonal percentage frequency of various directions and speeds recorded at Senai Station from the period of 1975 – 2008. Wind rose summary is illustrated in Figure 5.5.4 . During the inter-monsoonal season month of April, winds from northern direction dominate against other directions. The project site receives no wind or calm condition for a total of 46% of the time. During the Southwest Monsoon from May – September, the project site receives stronger wind and most of the wind from the southern directions and receives no wind for 44.7% of the time. The prevailing wind in October is from western direction. Meanwhile, the winds from the north dominate against other directions during the Northeast Monsoon from November to March and the project site was in calm conditions for a total of 30.1% of the periods.

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Annual wind rose summary is shown in Table 5.5.3 and Figure 5.5.5 . Annually, a total of 38.4% of calm period was recorded and northern wind is recorded to prevail at Senai Station. The project site also experienced stronger and most of the wind from the northern direction.

Table 5.5.3 – Percentage Frequency of Various Directions and Speeds

Speed N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm Total m/s APRIL < 0.3 ------46.0 46.0 0.3 – 1.5 6.7 3.3 3.0 1.5 2.0 1.7 3.4 4.9 - 26.5 1.6 – 3.3 4.1 3.1 2.5 1.3 1.7 1.4 2.1 2.5 - 18.7 3.4 – 5.4 1.3 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.5 - 6.6 5.5 – 7.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.3 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 12.2 7.9 6.6 3.3 4.2 3.5 6.5 7.9 46.0 98.1 MAY – SEPTEMBER < 0.3 ------44.7 44.7 0.3 – 1.5 4.6 1.8 2.4 2.4 4.0 2.3 2.6 3.0 - 23.1 1.6 – 3.3 1.0 0.6 1.6 3.1 7.2 3.1 2.1 1.2 - 19.9 3.4 – 5.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.6 5.0 1.6 1.1 0.3 - 10.3 5.5 – 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 - 0.5 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 5.7 2.5 4.5 7.2 16.5 7.0 5.9 4.5 44.7 98.5 OCTOBER < 0.3 ------40.2 40.2 0.3 – 1.5 6.9 2.3 2.2 1.6 2.6 2.4 4.5 5.8 - 28.3 1.6 – 3.3 2.3 1.0 1.5 1.7 3.5 3.6 4.7 3.0 - 21.3 3.4 – 5.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.4 2.9 0.6 - 8.0 5.5 – 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 - 0.4 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 9.6 3.6 4.2 3.9 7.4 7.5 12.4 9.4 40.2 98.2 NOVERMBER – MARCH < 0.3 ------30.1 30.1 0.3 – 1.5 8.9 3.0 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 2.7 6.1 - 23.7 1.6 – 3.3 10.9 4.2 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 1.8 4.1 - 23.5 3.4 – 5.4 9.7 4.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.9 - 17.0 5.5 – 7.9 2.8 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 4.2 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 32.3 13.1 3.0 0.9 1.2 1.5 5.3 11.1 30.1 98.5 ANNUAL < 0.3 ------38.4 38.4 0.3 – 1.5 6.8 2.5 1.9 1.5 2.3 1.6 2.9 4.7 - 24.2 1.6 – 3.3 5.5 2.3 1.4 1.7 3.6 2.0 2.2 2.6 - 21.3 3.4 – 5.4 4.2 2.1 0.6 0.8 2.3 0.9 1.1 0.6 - 12.6 5.5 – 7.9 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 - 1.8 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 > 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 17.6 7.4 3.9 4.0 8.3 4.5 6.3 7.9 38.4 98.3 Source : Malaysian Meteorological Department, 2008.

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Figure 5.5.4 – Monsoonal Wind Rose Summary at Senai Station from 1975 – 2008

TIME : 24-HOURS TIME : 24-HOURS MAY - EPTEMBER APRIL

TIME : 24-HOURS OCTOBER TIME : 24-HOURS NOVEMBER - MARCH

Source : Malaysian Meteorological Department, 2008.

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Figure 5.5.5 – Annual Wind Rose Summary at Senai Station from 1975 – 2008

TIME : 24-HOURS ANNUAL

Source : Malaysian Meteorological Department, 2008.

5.6 Water Quality

Water quality monitoring has been conducted on 18 th November 2012. A total of four (4) samples were collected at Sg. Skudai as described in Table 5.6.1 while Figure 5.6.1 shows the location of the monitoring stations. The monitoring results are given in Table 5.6.2 . The laboratory certificates of analysis are attached in Appendix 5.1 .

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Table 5.6.1 - Locations of Baseline Water Quality Monitoring (Nov 2012)

Station ID Latitude (N) Longitude (E) River W3 1°38'42.25"N 103°37'24.71"E Sg. Skudai (Kulai) W6 1°37'55.39"N 103°38'11.42"E Sg. Skudai (Kulai) W4 1°36'16.49"N 103°38'57.29"E Sg. Skudai (Senai) W5 1°34'9.15"N 103°39'45.59"E Sg. Skudai (Skudai)

Figure 5.6.1 – Location of Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Stations (Nov 2012)

Point of reference : IOI Mall, Kulai

Point of reference : McDonald’s Kulai

SENAI/SKUDAI

Point of reference : Skudai-KL Interchange

Point of reference : UTM Skudai

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Table 5.6.2 – Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Results, WQI and Selected Metals

Parameter Unit W3 W6 W4 W5 River - Sg. Skudai Sg. Skudai Sg. Skudai Sg. Skudai Temperature °C 27 28 28 28 Dissolved mg/L 4.70 4.50 4.40 4.50 Oxygen (DO)

DO sat % 56.88 61.60 53.25 54.46 Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 6 4 6 4 (BOD 5) Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/L 19 13 19 13 (COD) Total Suspended mg/L 123 87 189 90 Solids (TSS) pH - 6.13 6.34 6.3 6.17 Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/L 0.61 0.92 0.69 0.58 (NH 3-N) Mercury (Hg) mg/L < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Cadmium (Cd) mg/L < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 Nickel (Ni) mg/L < 0.10 < 0.10 < 0.10 < 0.10 Zinc (Zn) mg/L < 1.0 < 1.0 < 1.0 < 1.0 Aluminium (Al) mg/L < 5.0 < 5.0 < 5.0 < 5.0 DO SI - 60 67 54 56 BOD SI - 77 83 77 83 COD SI - 74 82 74 82

NH 3-N SI - 59 50 57 60 SS SI - 56 58 50 58 pH SI - 93 95 95 93 WQI Score - 69 72 66 71 WQI Class - III III III III Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly WQI Status - Polluted Polluted Polluted Polluted

From Table 5.6.2 , Sg. Skudai, the WQI designation was at Class III for all sampling stations (W3 to W5). Industrial, sewage and sullage input from Senai and Skudai, consequently

caused the BOD 5 levels to rise from 3 mg/L to 4 mg/L before finally peaking at 6 mg/L. Elevated organics may react with chlorine from the disinfection process (in water treatment) to produce trihalomethanes (THMs) such as chloroform (Lindstrom et al., 1997). This peak in organic level was due to accumulation of suspended organic matter, as the barrage blocks

the river flow. NH 3-N levels also increased at W6 to 0.92 mg/L compared to 0.61 mg/L at W3. This increase may have been due to sewage input from plantation settlements and or even

agricultural non-point source pollution (eg. fertilizer). The NH 3-N levels decreased just before the intake point to 0.58 mg/L. Considering the multitude of pollution sources located upstream, the Sg. Skudai intake point is most susceptible to contamination, as can be seen in the fluctuations of the baseline monitoring results.

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5.7 Air Quality

Three (3) ambient air quality points, namely A1, A2 and A3 were established on 1st to 2nd April 2013. Location of the air quality sampling points are described in Table 5.7.1 and shown in Figure 5.7.1 . A total of three (3) parameters were tested and the sampling results are tabulated in Table 5.7.2 . Laboratory analysis certificates are attached in Appendix 5.1 .

Table 5.7.1 - Locations of Air Quality Monitoring Monitoring Parameter Location Aspect

Ambient Air TSP, NO 2, SO 2 A1, north-west of the project site, near Pejabat Quality Pelajaran Daerah Kulaijaya A2, north-east of the project site, near Kuarters Penguruan Sek Men Kulai Besar A3, southern boundary of the project site.

Table 5.7.2 – Results of Air Quality Sampling Parameter Sampling Point Ambient Air Quality A1 A2 A3 Guidelines Total Suspended 260 µg/m 3 24 61 30 Particulates as TSP(µg/m 3) (24-hours averaging time) Sulphur Dioxide as SO 0.04 ppm 2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 (ppm) (24 hours averaging time)

Nitrogen Dioxide as NO 2 0.17 ppm 0.014 0.014 0.010 (ppm) (1 hour averaging time)

Based on the results obtained, the parameters monitored at the sampling points are well under the respective limits of Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guidelines.

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Figure 5.7.1 – Location of Baseline Ambient Air and Noise Monitoring Stations

LEGEND

PTD 106685 U 50 0 50 100m Baseline Air / Noise Monitoring TANAH KOSONG

PTD 73162 PEJABAT PELAJARAN IBU PEJABAT POLIS DAERAH KULAIJAYA DAERAH KULAIJAYA TANAH KOSONG

23041

A1/N1 KUARTERS PERGURUAN

A2/N2

59480 PERINDUSTRIAN

59460 PERTANIAN

59481 PERINDUSTRIAN

' 0 1

' 7 2

59482

PERINDUSTRIAN

° 6 1 2

'' 0 0

' 3 2 59482

° 9 2 PERINDUSTRIAN 59482 PERINDUSTRIAN

0 2 0 94 .0 ° 0 0 3

33'

PYLON PYLON 3 0''

59484 59482 30 0.0 00 '' 0 1

PERINDUSTRIAN PERINDUSTRIAN

S

I M

P

A

N ' 7 A 2 N

T A

L

I A 2 N 94 ° E

L E

K ° 6 T 1 2 R 33 I ' K

P 59482 L PYLON O 30' 16 T ' 6 . 5 59485 7 7 6 9 86 PERINDUSTRIAN 32 A .5 C PERINDUSTRIAN 3 5m 2

A3/N3PYLON P E PLOT 47 PERINDUSTRIAN P PYLON P P E LO L 59482 T O 4 T 8 P 4 L 6 PERINDUSTRIAN P O 59491 T LO R T 45 4 A PERINDUSTRIAN 9 B P M P LO L T O E T 5 4 0 K P 4 LO R T E 4 B 3 I R T S U D IN 5.8 Noise Level

Noise level measurements were conducted on 1st until 2nd April 2013 at three locations similar to the air quality as described in Table 5.8.1 and shown in Figure 5.7.1 . Results of noise level measurements are summarised in Table 5.8.2 . The ambient noise level recorded is compared with the Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control published by Department of Environment (DOE). The laboratory analysis certificates are attached in Appendix 5.1 .

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Table 5.8.1 - Locations of Noise Level Monitoring

Monitoring Parameter Location Aspect

Ambient Leq , L min and N1, north-west of the project site, near Pejabat

Noise Level Lmax . Pelajaran Daerah Kulaijaya N2, north-east of the project site, near Kuarters Penguruan Sek Men Kulai Besar N3, southern boundary of the project site.

Table 5.8.2 – Results of Noise Level Measurements [dB(A)]

Noise Level as L eq , dB(A) Measurement Point Daytime Night time (0700hrs – 2200hrs) (2200hrs – 0700 hrs) N1 58.0 56.0 N2 56.1 53.6 N3 55.5 53.6 Note: The maximum permissible sound level for N1, Designated Urban Residential Areas, as stipulated in Schedule 1, Annex A of the planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control, DOE 2004 is as follows: • Daytime (0700 – 2200) : 60 dB(A) • Night time (2200 – 0700) : 50 dB(A)

During daytime, the average noise levels (L eq ) recorded were below the maximum permissible sound level. During night time, the noise levels were above the permissible the permissible level of 50 dBA at all stations.

5.9 Ecological Environment

The project site is located within an established industrial area. Therefore, the existing ecological environment has no conservation values and will not be discussed further in this EIA.

5.10 Socio-Economic Environment

This section describes the socio economic environment in the vicinity of the project site. Data from official published census were referred to analyse the existing basic population profile for portraying the potential impacts from the development of the project.

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There are four in the District of Kulaijaya, namely , Mukim Kulai, Mukim and Mukim Senai. The total population of the District is 245,294. Mukim Kulai has a population of 93,784 in the year 2010 Census as shown in Table 5.10.1 .

Table 5.10.1 : Mukim Population for the District of Kulaijaya (2010)

Total Population Mukim (Persons) Bukit Batu 13,986 Kulai 93,784 Sedenak 17,212 Senai 120,312 Source: Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010.

Table 5.10.2 shows the breakdown of the population (Malaysian citizens only) in terms of different ethnic groups by Mukim. As shown, Bumiputera is the largest ethnic group (51.0%), followed by Chinese (38.8%), Indian (9.8%) and ‘Others’ (0.4%) within Mukim Kulai.

Table 5.10.2: Local Population Distribution by Ethnic Group for District of Kulaijaya (2010)

Population Distribution Mukim Bumiputera Chinese Indian Others No. % No. % No. % No. % Bukit Batu 5,518 44.5 6,407 51.7 430 3.5 32 0.3 Kulai 43,394 51.0 33,013 38.8 8,297 9.8 329 0.4 Sedenak 9,266 64.2 4,219 29.2 902 6.2 54 0.4 Senai 52,673 50.0 38,152 36.2 13,924 13.2 683 0.6 Source: Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010.

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