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PROCEEDINGS of Flvf0-3 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on COCOWOOD Ulllizationtechnologies

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PROCEEDINGS of Flvf0-3 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on COCOWOOD Ulllizationtechnologies FPRDI PROCEEDINGS OF flvf0-3 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COCOWOOD UllLIZATIONTECHNOLOGIES FOREWORD The third International Conference on Cocowood Utilization, organized principally by the Forest Products Research and Development Institute (FPRDI) in coordination with the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and the Common Fund for Commodities (CFC), was successfully conducted on 26-29 October at Holiday Inn, Manila, Philippines. Held 18 years after the second meeting in Zamboanga, Philippines in 1979, the organizers underscored the importance of the 1997 conference as the crucial link in the 18-year gap between the last two international gatherings on cocowood utilization ever convened. This Proceeding presents the highlights of the conference, the papers presented in each session, as well as the discussions after each session. The conference could not have been successfully conducted had it not been for the moral support of the ITTO and CFC. Also, many ITTO-3 Project Staff and FPRDI Staff who made up the conference committees worked very hard to make the affair a success. Space is not enough to thank all of them individually. To all those who helped towards the successful conclusion of the conference, we thank you from the bottom of our hearts. /) } , . " ,/' /1~tf ~.~~llf{~ J,lOMULO C. EA LA project Leader, ITTO-3 Project {Convener of the Conference I / CONFERENCElWORKSHOP OBJECTIVES The International Conference on Cocowood Utilization is a part of a Project entitled "Technology Transfer/Commercialization of Selected Cocowood Utilization Technologies" sponsored and managed by the International Tropical Timber Organization (lTTO), Common Fund for Commodities (CFC) and the Forest Products Research and Development Institute (FPRDI). It is one of six (6) sub-projects being implemented by FPRDI. The workshop is a critical part of the project to regionalize or disseminate the research results io a wider audience. The main objective ofthe conference is to provide a forum for the exchange of information, consultation and cooperation between the Asia-Pacific cocowood producers and consumers particularly in the field of: • Sustainability of cocowood resources and processing facilities • Supply and demand outlook • Improved market access • Processing and quality improvement, waste reduction • Improvement of technology transfer & structural conditions in markets for cocowood experts • Greater cooperation among those involved with tropical cocowood production and trade in the Asia-Pacific region • Improved statistical data collecting and reporting • Coordinated efforts for promotion, pIarketing and dissemination of technologies • Research and development including pUblication of conference proceedings containing technical papers and the results of exp"erts consultations and discussions. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Table of Contents Page Opening Ceremonies 3 li~~~q!!~:·::·I_::.!.lilfi:l':quiq~·:ftt:'!«~:·:II~lIJlI~~:::... ':.:::::.:::::: :::::::::'::::·:::::··t~·.: Utilization of Coconut Wood, Husk and other Cellulosic Materials 11 R&D on Coconut Utilization 13 :l':ii~~ql¥1II_~if$in~rl~~·:rill~Mml9.l~q:li£l!~Rlq~~~~.:····,:.::,::::m:·:·IW: Commercialization of the High Pressure Sap Displacement (HPSD) Treatment of Coconut Trunk for Utility Poles 19 Chainsaw-Tablesaw Cocolumbering System 22 Composing Jig for the Production of Cocopanels for Furniture 23 Utilization of Coconut Coir Dust for Waste Water Treatment 25 Cocowood: Alternative Raw Material for Industrial Pallets 29 Furniture and Wares from Cocowood 33 Utilization of Co co wood for Briquettes 35 Open Forum 36 ~~$$rqullqqgmqg~·rg~l~_ql!·IYIJffiII~!~~Qiqf~lqpll~r.lgr.$·:qjlllll~~ Pole Treatment by High Pressure Sap Displacement 41 Cocowood Faced Veneer 43 Cocowood Furniture 45 Cocowood Wares 47 Composing Jig for Edge Gluing 47 Open Forum 49 ~~~§[qn~~cq(l«P~lg~fg;9Y~illlqptl.~~~$impnt :.5$ Properties of Cocowood and its Uses 55 Secondary Processing of Coconut Palm Wood 59 Coconut Wood: The Quest for Better Value Added Utilization 61 Cocowood Carvings in Tanzania: Challenges and Options 62 Economic and International Trade Perspectives of Coconut Production and Coconut Wood Utilization: International Trade Assessment 63 Open Forum 65 ~««$fqn~9tqn~t.I,:·mY~I~~I··~!!·I~Bqr¥,(qg.···::::::::{:::·:~9 Coconut Wood Utilization in Tonga: Products, Design and Market Opportunities 71 Networking/Information Dissemination of Technologies Developed for the Coconut Industry 72 Open Forum 74 Closing Ceremonies 75 Coco Veneer Laminated Panels 81 Utilization of Coconut Coir Dust for Waste Water Treatment 91 Use of Coconut Timber as Electric Distribution Pole 96 Coconut Wood Utilization Products Design and Market Opportunities 102 Commercialization of Cocowood Pallet Technology 106 A Furniture Company's Experience with Coco Lumber and the FPRDI-Designed Composing Jig 117 Economic and International Trade Perspectives of Coconut Production and Coconut Wood Utilization 121 Cocowood Wares 125 Secondary Processing of Coconut Palm Wood 129 Composing Jig for the Production of Cocopanels for Furniture 136 Cocowood Furniture 142 Coco-Charcoal Briquetting 146 Chainsaw-Tablesaw Cocolumber Processing System 153 Coconut Wood: The Quest for Better Value Added Utilization 163 Cocowood Carvings in Tanzania: Challenges and Options 170 Production and Coconut Wood Utilization R&D in the Philippines 181 Secondary Process ing of Coconut Palm Wood 189 Networking/Information Dissemination on Technologies Developed for Cocowood Industry 196 Raw Material Source and Acquisition 202 Z <cO-I ZW OOCZ -zooI-WO­ <C~>I­ ZW><C ~u.O~ WZO-l I-OOi= ~OO::J INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COCOWOOD UTILIZATION OPENING CEREMONIES Engineer Romulo C. Eala, the Project Leader, welcomed the participants to the Conference ofthe Technology Transfer/ Commercialization of Selected Cocowood Utilization Technologies. The 1997 conference on cocowood utilization was held under the auspices of this project which was being funded by the International Tropical Timber Organization (lTTO) and the Common Funds for Commodities (CFC). Engineer Eala underscored the importance of the 1997 conference as the crucial link in the 18-year gap between the only two international gatherings on cocowood utilization ever convened. The first was held on Oct. 25-29,1967 in the Kingdom of Tonga. The Tonga seminar made available benchmark information on coconut stem utilization. It enabled participants to arrive at a consensus as to the directions of research and development (R&D) activities regarding the development of cocowood­ based industries in coconut growing countries. 3 OPENING CEREMONIES Three years later, on Oct. 22-27, 1979, the second meeting was held in Zamboanga, Philippines to determine the current state of knowledge and practice on cocowood properties, processing, and utilization. Consequently, participants were able to identify areas for further research aimed at fully utilizing the coconut stem towards economic viability and full commercialization. More importantly, it was during this meeting when the potential of felled over mature coconut trees was established. These trees were no longer seen simply as agricultural wastes but as renewable resource to support energy production in particular and the development of the cocowood industry in the Philippines and other coconut-growing countries in general. The 1997 conference was envisioned to accomplish the following objectives: • To provide opportunities for updating developments in processing, products, resource base, market situation and prospects, and dissemination and transfer of cocowood utilization technologies; and • To serve as a forum for the exchange of ideas and information among technology generators, policymakers, and cocowood producers and consumers with varied interests, concerns, and roles in promoting the wise utilization of coconut wood. Messages were delivered by Dr. Dominique Lelievre, project manager of the Common Fund for Commodities, and Dr. Douglas Pattie, project manager for the forest industry of the International Tropical Timber Organization. Dr. Dominique Lelievre, the Common Fund for Commodities' project manager, in his message outlined CFC's mandate, strategy, and operations. He explained the nature of CFC as an intergovernmental organization open to all member states ofthe United Nations and its specialized agencies or to intergovernmental organizations of regional economic integration. At the time of the conference, CFC had 104 members, including 103 member states and the European Commission. CFC adheres to a twofold objective: to serve as a key instrument in attaining the agreed objectives of the Integrated Programme for Commodities; and to facilitate the conclusion and functioning of International Commodity Agreements, particularly those concerning commodities of special interest to developing countries. 4 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COCOWOOD UTILIZATION Dr. Lelievre stressed the significance of the Technology Transfer/Commercialization of Selected Co co wood Utilization Technologies as fitting into the ITTO's general strategy of sustainable timber management. He added that the Fund also saw the project as useful to coconut growers and traders, thus a welcome addition to the other projects on coconut it was either funding or assessing for support. Dr. Douglas Pattie, on the other hand, gave credit to the Government of the Philippines for being the first to realize the potential of cocowood as a processed commodity in the tropical forest economy. He
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