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Report of the Fao High Level Expert Consultation on Coconut Sector Development in Asia and the Pacific Region

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Report of the Fao High Level Expert Consultation on Coconut Sector Development in Asia and the Pacific Region REPORT OF THE FAO HIGH LEVEL EXPERT CONSULTATION ON COCONUT SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC REGION 30 October – 01 November 2013 Bangkok, Thailand Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) FAO Office for Asia and the Pacific and Asia Pacific Coconut Community (APCC) This publication brings together reports presented at the FAO-APCC High Level Expert Consultation on “Coconut Sector Development in Asia – Pacific Region” held in Bangkok, Thailand , 30 October – 1 November 2013. The consultation was sponsored by the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 39 Phra Atit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. For a copy of the report, please write to: Subash Dasgupta Senior Plant Production Officer FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Tel: 662-697 4290 Fax: 662-697 4445 Email: [email protected] FAO February 2014 Content I. Foreword 1 II. Executive Summary 2 a. Setting 2 b. Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector 2 in Asia and the Pacific c. Recommendations for the Pacific Countries 5 d. Recommendations for the Asian Countries 7 III. Inaugural Session 11 IV. Technical Plenary Sessions 11 Annexes 26 1. Programme of the Expert Consultation 26 2. List of Participants 29 3. Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector 35 in Asia and the Pacific 4. Country Reports – Pacific Region (Samoa, Tonga, Fiji, Vanuatu 53 and Solomon Islands) 5. Country Reports – Asian Region (Thailand, Indonesia, 107 the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam) 6. Bibliography 176 I. Foreword This exercise is a part of the implementation of one of the recommendations of the 31st Asia- Pacific Regional Conference, held 12-16 March 2012 in Viet Nam. The implementation process was initiated in late 2102. FAO fielded the first mission to the major coconut growing countries of the Pacific region to identify the current status, gaps and the way forward in order to put renewed focus on this crop in the current context of global agricultural development and economic growth. Apart from the Pacific countries FAO also conducted a study in the major Asian coconut growing countries with similar objectives. The whole exercise was conducted in close collaboration with the Asia Pacific Coconut Community (APCC). This report summarizes the major findings of the three events: 1. Output of the mission fielded in Pacific countries (Samoa, Tonga, Fiji, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands); 2. Output of the mission fielded in Asian countries (Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam); and 3) Output of the FAO High Level Expert Consultation - development of the Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector in Asia and the Pacific. The major output of this big exercise is the Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector in Asia and the Pacific. It consists of: Strategy I. Increasing coconut production, farm productivity and farmers income; Strategy II. Promoting value-added coconut product processing and marketing; and Strategy III. Promoting capacity building and providing institutional support. Specific recommendations were identified and spelled out in each strategy. These strategies and recommendations may be considered and acted upon by the respective national governments of coconut growing countries in Asia and the Pacific and regional/ international technical agencies. We do hope that this report will provide guidelines to the member countries in order to develop national and regional programmes for speedy and sustainable coconut sector development with ultimate goals to enhance food and nutrition security of our people. I would like to thank all participating countries and coconut experts of this region for their tireless support to make this important exercise useful. Special thanks goes to my colleagues Subash Dasgupta and Rosa Rolle for their coordination and technical contribution to this exercise. Finally, I would like to thank Mr. Romulo N. Arancon, Senior FAO Consultant and Executive Director, APCC for drafting all three documents in consultation with the various experts, stakeholders and RAP staff. Hiroyuki Konuma Assistant Director-General and Regional Representative FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 1 II. Executive Summary a. Setting The FAO High Level Expert Consultation on Coconut Sector Development in the Asia-Pacific Region was organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO-RAP) in collaboration with the Asian and Pacific Coconut Community (APCC) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand. It was held 30 October – 01 November 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. A total of 46 participants from 13 coconut growing countries in Asia and the Pacific attended the Expert Consultation, including 8 Ministers, 1 Deputy Minister and a number of senior officials, coconut research institute directors, scientists and experts from both the government and private sectors. The Ministers of Agriculture of participating countries delivered their statements in the technical session, while the senior technical officers presented their country statements highlighting the current status of coconut sector development in their respective countries including a review of the current policies, coconut development programmes, constraints, gaps and issues in coconut sector development as well as their recommendations to address the issues and constraints, and follow-up actions. Five coconut experts also presented papers on technical subjects such as coconut breeding and research, coconut-based farming systems (CBFS) and the economics of CBFS, integrated management of pests and diseases in coconut, processing of value-added coconut products (in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical and spa industries, including bio fuel), and marketing and trade of coconut products. Plenary and working group discussions were held. FAO fielded a mission to several Asian countries (Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam) and some countries of the Pacific region (Samoa, Tonga, Fiji, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands). The outputs gathered from Expert Consultation and country reports of the mission were valuable in crafting the Regional Strategy for Coconut Sector Development in Asia and the Pacific. The conclusions and recommendations of each of the three documents: 1. Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector in Asia and the Pacific (Annex 3); 2. Country reports of the Pacific region; and 3. Country reports of the Asian countries are summarized here separately, while the full reports are given in Annexes 4 and 5. b. Regional Strategy for the Development of the Coconut Sector in Asia and the Pacific Recommendations: 1. Use coconut mass selection techniques to choose good quality mother palms, seednuts and seedlings of elite local varieties for the replanting programme. Pursue coconut breeding and hybridization programmes/projects to produce dwarf x tall or tall x tall hybrids for specific 2 purposes (e.g., high nut production, high lauric-oil content, tolerance to abiotic stresses like drought or cold temperature and tolerance to abiotic stresses like phytoplasma diseases). Use molecular techniques to expand the genetic base for coconut breeding of hybrids with superior traits and develop a viable protocol for somatic embryogenesis to mass produce elite planting materials for the replanting programme. 2. Establish coconut seed gardens to mass produce hybrids and other good quality planting materials. This may be initiated by the respective governments in coconut growing countries. The private sector should also be encouraged to establish commercial coconut seedgardens. 3. Strengthen the coconut breeding facilities in the respective countries and establish a duplicate coconut genebank in the Pacific region (preferably in Fiji) in view of the Bogia coconut syndrome disease in Papua New Guinea. Strengthen the three multi-site International Coconut Genebanks hosted by Papua New Guinea for the South Pacific, Indonesia for Southeast and East Asia, and India for South Asia with new additions through exchange of germplasm for breeding and operationalization of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture by FAO and the International Agreement on hosting the International Coconut Genebank signed by FAO, IPGRI and the host countries; 4. Promote the commercial utilization of coconut wood for house construction, furniture making and handicrafts. This should provide an economic incentive to cut and replant senile
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