Diversity and Economic Status of Lepidopteran Insect-Pest on Two
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1 1 DNA Barcodes Reveal Deeply Neglected Diversity and Numerous
Page 1 of 57 1 DNA barcodes reveal deeply neglected diversity and numerous invasions of micromoths in 2 Madagascar 3 4 5 Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde1,2, Lucas Sire2, Bruno Rasmussen2, Rodolphe Rougerie3, 6 Christian Wieser4, Allaoui Ahamadi Allaoui 5, Joël Minet3, Jeremy R. deWaard6, Thibaud 7 Decaëns7, David C. Lees8 8 9 1 INRA, UR633, Zoologie Forestière, F- 45075 Orléans, France. 10 2 Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261 CNRS Université de Tours, UFR 11 Sciences et Techniques, Tours, France. 12 3Institut de Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 13 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, France. 14 4 Landesmuseum für Kärnten, Abteilung Zoologie, Museumgasse 2, 9020 Klagenfurt, Austria 15 5 Department of Entomology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar 16 6 Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road E., Guelph, ON 17 N1G2W1, Canada 18 7Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS–Université de Genome Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by UNIV GUELPH on 10/03/18 19 Montpellier–Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier–EPHE), 1919 Route de Mende, F-34293 20 Montpellier, France. 21 8Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, UK. 22 23 24 Email for correspondence: [email protected] For personal use only. This Just-IN manuscript is the accepted prior to copy editing and page composition. It may differ from final official version of record. 1 Page 2 of 57 25 26 Abstract 27 Madagascar is a prime evolutionary hotspot globally, but its unique biodiversity is under threat, 28 essentially from anthropogenic disturbance. -
Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths
Chapter 8 Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths J. Joe Hull and Adrien Fónagy Abstract Sexual communication among the vast majority of moths typically involves the synthesis and release of species-specifc, multicomponent blends of sex pheromones (types of insect semiochemicals) by females. These compounds are then interpreted by conspecifc males as olfactory cues regarding female reproduc- tive readiness and assist in pinpointing the spatial location of emitting females. Studies by multiple groups using different model systems have shown that most sex pheromones are synthesized de novo from acetyl-CoA by functionally specialized cells that comprise the pheromone gland. Although signifcant progress was made in identifying pheromone components and elucidating their biosynthetic pathways, it wasn’t until the advent of modern molecular approaches and the increased avail- ability of genetic resources that a more complete understanding of the molecular basis underlying pheromonogenesis was developed. Pheromonogenesis is regulated by a neuropeptide termed Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (PBAN) that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor expressed at the surface of phero- mone gland cells. Activation of the PBAN receptor (PBANR) triggers a signal trans- duction cascade that utilizes an infux of extracellular Ca2+ to drive the concerted action of multiple enzymatic steps (i.e. chain-shortening, desaturation, and fatty acyl reduction) that generate the multicomponent pheromone blends specifc to each species. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of moth sex pheromones before expanding on the molecular mechanisms regulating pheromonogenesis, and con- clude by highlighting recent developments in the literature that disrupt/exploit this critical pathway. J. J. Hull (*) USDA-ARS, US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA e-mail: [email protected] A. -
WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: 0552 (US). FENGLER, Kevin; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. AOlH l/00 (2006.01) C07K 14/195 (2006.01) Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). SCHEPERS, A01H3/00 (2006.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01) Eric; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). UDRANSZKY, Ingrid; 7250 NW 62nd (21) International Application Number: Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). PCT/US20 16/04 1452 (74) Agent: BAUER, S., Christopher; Pioneer Hi-Bred Inter (22) International Filing Date: national, Inc., 7100 N.W. 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 8 July 2016 (08.07.2016) 5013 1-1014 (US). (25) Filing Language: English (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (30) Priority Data: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 62/201,977 6 August 2015 (06.08.2015) US DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (71) Applicants: PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, INC. [US/US]; PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, INC., 7100 N.W. -
Pest and Diseases in Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) J
PEST AND DISEASES IN MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) J. González-Fernández, J.I. Hormaza IHSM la Mayora CSIC-UMA, 29750 Algarrobo, Malaga, Spain EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In this work, we review the most important pests and diseases that affect mango production worldwide as well as the main measures implemented to control them. Pests and diseases are the main factors that can impact sustainable mango fruit production in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Commercial cultivation of mango, characterized by expansion to new areas, changing crop management, replacement of varieties and increased chemical interventions, has altered significantly the pest and disease community structure in this crop in the different mango producing regions. In addition, climate change is inducing the emergence of new pests and, whereas globalization and trade liberalization have created wide opportunities for mango commercialization growth, at the same time, this can result in faster dispersion of pests and diseases among different mango growing areas if proper sanitary measures are not implemented. This review covers different topics related to pests and diseases in mango. First, a thorough description of the main pests and diseases that affect mango is provided. Second, the different approaches used in different mango producing countries for chemical and biological control are described. Third, recommendations for appropriate mango management techiques that include integrated pest and disease management, reduction in the use of chemicals and the implementation of a good monitoring and surveillance system to help control the main pests and diseases, are also discussed. Finally, the current knowledge on agrohomeopathy and Korean Natural Farming is analyzed and recommendations on future lines of research to optimize mango pest and disease control are discussed. -
The Microlepidopterous Fauna of Sri Lanka, Formerly Ceylon, Is Famous
ON A COLLECTION OF SOME FAMILIES OF MICRO- LEPIDOPTERA FROM SRI LANKA (CEYLON) by A. DIAKONOFF Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden With 65 text-figures and 18 plates CONTENTS Preface 3 Cochylidae 5 Tortricidae, Olethreutinae, Grapholitini 8 „ „ Eucosmini 23 „ „ Olethreutini 66 „ Chlidanotinae, Chlidanotini 78 „ „ Polyorthini 79 „ „ Hilarographini 81 „ „ Phricanthini 81 „ Tortricinae, Tortricini 83 „ „ Archipini 95 Brachodidae 98 Choreutidae 102 Carposinidae 103 Glyphipterigidae 108 A list of identified species no A list of collecting localities 114 Index of insect names 117 Index of latin plant names 122 PREFACE The microlepidopterous fauna of Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon, is famous for its richness and variety, due, without doubt, to the diversified biotopes and landscapes of this beautiful island. In spite of this, there does not exist a survey of its fauna — except a single contribution, by Lord Walsingham, in Moore's "Lepidoptera of Ceylon", already almost a hundred years old, and a number of small papers and stray descriptions of new species, in various journals. The authors of these papers were Walker, Zeller, Lord Walsingham and a few other classics — until, starting with 1905, a flood of new descriptions 4 ZOOLOGISCHE VERHANDELINGEN I93 (1982) and records from India and Ceylon appeared, all by the hand of Edward Meyrick. He was almost the single specialist of these faunas, until his death in 1938. To this great Lepidopterist we chiefly owe our knowledge of all groups of Microlepidoptera of Sri Lanka. After his death this information stopped abruptly. In the later years great changes have taken place in the tropical countries. We are now facing, alas, the disastrously quick destruction of natural bio- topes, especially by the reckless liquidation of the tropical forests. -
Ecological Studies on Mango Leaf Webber (Orthaga Exvinaceahamp.)
Internat. J. agric. Sci. Vol.2 No.2 July 2006 : (308-311) 308 Ecological studies on mango leaf webber (Orthaga exvinacea Hamp.) in Andhra Pradesh as a basis for IPM M. Kannan*1 and N. Venugopala Rao Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural College, TIRUPATI (A.P.) INDIA ABSTRACT The influence of ecological factors viz., biotic (Host plant) and abiotic factors (weather parameters) on the abundance and population fluctuation of leaf webber, Orthaga exvinacea (Hamp.) on mango under the conditions of Chittoor district were worked out. Peak incidence was observed during first fortnight of November (19.4 webs/tree). However, gradual increase was observed from the first fortnight of July (2.6 webs/tree) and declined during second fortnight of January (3.2 webs/tree). Correlation studies between incidence and weather parameters showed positive relationship with minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall and negative relationship with maximum temperature. None of the varieties was free from infestation. The infestation ranged from 7.80 to 29.47 webs/tree, 5.82 to 22.55 leaves/web and 1.92 to 29.47 larvae/tree. Variety Neelum showed less infestation, while Bangalore showed severe infestation and other varieties viz., Neeleghan, Cherakurasam, Mulgova, Rumani, Baneshan and Swarnajahangir have moderate infestation. Result of the study also revealed that older mango trees (15 and above years old) were more susceptible (18.26, 348.75, 121.61 webs/tree, webbed leaves/tree and larva/ tree, respectively) to leaf webber damage than young trees (0-5 years old). Key Words: Mango leaf webber, Ecological studies, Varietal susceptibility, Abiotic factors INTRODUCTION Impact of abiotic factors on population dynamics of leaf webber Mango, Mangifera indica is an important fruit crop of India. -
Heteroptera: Anthocoridae, Lasiochilidae)
2018 ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA 58(1): 207–226 MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE doi: 10.2478/aemnp-2018-0018 ISSN 1804-6487 (online) – 0374-1036 (print) www.aemnp.eu RESEARCH PAPER Annotated catalogue of the fl ower bugs from India (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae, Lasiochilidae) Chandish R. BALLAL1), Shahid Ali AKBAR2,*), Kazutaka YAMADA3), Aijaz Ahmad WACHKOO4) & Richa VARSHNEY1) 1) National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India; e-mail: [email protected] 2) Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, 190007 India; e-mail: [email protected] 3) Tokushima Prefectural Museum, Bunka-no-Mori Park, Mukoterayama, Hachiman-cho, Tokushima, 770–8070 Japan; e-mail: [email protected] 4) Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, 192303 India; e-mail: [email protected] *) Corresponding author Accepted: Abstract. The present paper provides a checklist of the fl ower bug families Anthocoridae th 6 June 2018 and Lasiochilidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of India based on literature and newly collected Published online: specimens including eleven new records. The Indian fauna of fl ower bugs is represented by 73 5th July 2018 species belonging to 26 genera under eight tribes of two families. Generic transfers of Blap- tostethus pluto (Distant, 1910) comb. nov. (from Triphleps pluto Distant, 1910) and Dilasia indica (Muraleedharan, 1978) comb. nov. (from Lasiochilus indica Muraleedharan, 1978) are provided. A lectotype is designated for Blaptostethus pluto. Previous, as well as new, distribu- -
Seasonal Activity of the Mango Leaf Webber Orthaga Euadrusalis Walker
22 Insect Environment, Vol.16 (1), April-June 2010 Insect Environment, Vol.16 (1), April-June 2010 23 Seasonal Activity of the Mango Leaf Webber Orthaga Record of Leaf Chafer Beetles Adoretus versutus Harold and euadrusalis Walker (Pyralidae Lepidoptera) Apogonia blanchardi Ritsema on Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Rajesh Verma and Swati Singh in Andhra Pradesh. RVSKVV, Fruit Research Station, Entkhedi, Bhopal - 462 038, India N. Emmanuel, A. Sujatha and B. Gautam Horticultural Research Station, Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University, The Mango (Mangifera indica) is popularly known as king of fruits. In India Ambajipeta - 533214, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India. mango accounts for 22.06 per cent of total area under fruit crops. In Email: [email protected] Madhya Pradesh, the mango tree is attacked by various pests like scale insect, mealy bug, fruit fly, leaf webber etc. Among the insect pests, mango Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the major commercial plantation leaf webber Orthaga euadrusalis Walker (Pyralidae : Lepidoptera) is one crops of the world. In Andhra Pradesh cocoa is being grown to an extent of 13720 hectares. Most of the area are in East and West Godavari of the major pests responsible for low productivity (Verghese, 1998). It is districts of Andhra Pradesh. In India cocoa is known to be attacked by widely distributed in different agro climatic zones of Madhya Pradesh, about 50 pests. affecting yield by damaging shoots and inflorescence - from April to December (Mishra 2001). The pest's activity was recorded throughout In the course of the present investigation the Adoretus versutus the year on Langra variety of mango at fortnightly interval on pre-marked [Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae] and Apogonia blanchardi Ritsema trees of same age. -
Field Instructions for The
FIELD INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE URBAN INVENTORY OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 2017 FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS RESOURCE MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT PROGRAM PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION USDA FOREST SERVICE Note to User: URBAN FIA Field Guide 7.1 is based on the National CORE Field Guide, Version 7.1. Data elements are national CORE unless indicated as follows: • National CORE data elements that end in “+U” (e.g., x.x+U) have had values,codes, or text added, changed, or adjusted from the CORE program. Any additional URBAN FIA text for a national CORE data element is hi-lighted or shown as an "Urban Note". • All URBAN FIA data elements end in “U” (e.g., x.xU). The text for an URBAN FIA data element is not hi- lighted and does not have a corresponding variable in CORE. • URBAN FIA electronic file notes: • national CORE data elements that are not applicable in URBAN FIA are formatted as light gray or light gray hidden text. • hyperlink cross-references are included for various sections, figures, and tables. *National CORE data elements retain their national CORE field guide data element/variable number but may not retain their national CORE field guide location or sequence within the guide. pg.3 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION . 11 SECTION 1.1 URBAN OVERVIEW. .11 SECTION 1.2 FIELD GUIDE LAYOUT . 12 SECTION 1.3 UNITS OF MEASURE . 12 CHAPTER 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 13 SECTION 2.1 PLOT SETUP . 15 SECTION 2.2 PLOT INTEGRITY . 15 SECTION 2.3 PLOT MONUMENTATION . 15 ITEM 2.3.0.1 MONUMENT TYPE (CORE 0.3.1U) . -
Varietal Reaction Against the Incidence of Major Pests of Litchi
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018; 6(5): 131-133 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Varietal reaction against the incidence of major JEZS 2018; 6(5): 131-133 © 2018 JEZS pests of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonnerat) Received: 21-07-2018 Accepted: 22-08-2018 Rajeev Ranjan Rajeev Ranjan and Vijay Kumar Department of Entomology Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Abstract Agricultural University, Pusa, Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is attacked by several pests and litchi mite (Aceria litchii Keifer), litchi Samastipur, Bihar, India fruit borer (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) and litchi leaf roller (Dudua aprobola Meyrick) as major Vijay Kumar pests of litchi causing substantial damage to litchi foliage and fruits at various stages of growth. Study on Department of Entomology varietal reaction against these pests reveal that litchi cultivar ‘Shahi’ was proved most preferred by the Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central pests recording maximum pest incidence viz; mite (53.10%), fruit borer (49.70) and leaf roller (39.90) Agricultural University, Pusa, followed by cv. ‘Rose Scented’ which recorded 44.30, 36.30 and 36.50 percent infestation, respectively Samastipur, Bihar, India against the pests. Whereas the litchi cultivar ‘Deshi’ and ‘Kasba’ were least preferred for the major pests of litchi recording 22.30 and 25.30 percent mite incidence, 18.20 and 20.70 percent fruit borer incidence and 17.00 and 27.00 percent leaf roller incidence during the years of infestation. The other cultivars ‘China’, ‘Dehrarose’, ‘Mandraji’, and ‘Early Bedana’ were found comparatively more susceptible to the pest incidence in comparison to the litchi cultivars ‘Deshi’ and ‘Kasba’. -
Mango Flower Webworm (334)
Pacific Pests and Pathogens - Fact Sheets https://apps.lucidcentral.org/ppp/ Mango flower webworm (334) Photo 1. Webbing of flowers by mango flower Photo 2. Larva of the mango webworm, Dudua webworm, Dudua aprobola. aprobola. Photo 3. Adult mango webworm, Dudua aprobola. Common Name Mango flower webworm Scientific Name Dudua aprobola; previously known as Platypeplus aprobola. Distribution Widespread. Africa, South and Southeast Asia, Oceania. It is recorded from Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji1, Kiribati, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga, and Tuvalu. Hosts Mango. It is also found on many other fruit trees, including cashew, guava, litchi, Malay apple, Calophyllum inophyllum, ornamentals, such as rose and dahlia, and weeds. Peanut is also a host. Symptoms & Life Cycle The larvae do the damage. They eat the flowers and the young fruits, and attack the flower stalks. Flowers and stalks are webbed together (Photo 1). The leaves are also webbed together, and the edges of the leaves rolled, with the larvae feeding inside. The eggs are laid between veins on the undersides of leaves. The mature larvae are yellowish green, except for the black head, and the first two pairs of legs which are also black (Photo 2). The adult is pale brown with dark markings, and a wingspan up to 20 mm (Photo 3). Impact There are several webworms on mango reported from the Pacific islands. From Fiji, there is the flower looper, Chloroclystis species; flower spike caterpillar, Nanaguna breviuscula; and flower webworm, Cryptoblabes plagioleuca1. They, and Dudua aprobola, are all said to be common on mango, but the impact is unknown. -
Preliminary Survey of Hymenopteran Parasitoids Associated with Mango Leafminer Acrocercops Syngremma (Meyrick) [Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae] from India
Asian Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences Vol. 2(2), April 2017: 43-44 Website: www.crsdindia.com/ajals.html e-ISSN: 2455-6149 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Preliminary survey of Hymenopteran parasitoids associated with Mango Leafminer Acrocercops syngremma (Meyrick) [Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae] from India Zubair Ahmad1, Hamed A. Ghramh2 and Arshad Ali3 1Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, K.S.A. 2Department of Biology, College of Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, K.S.A. 3Department of Zoology, Gandhi Faiz-e-Aam College, Shahjahanpur, India Email: [email protected] Received: 5th Jan. 2017, Revised: 14th March 2017, Accepted: 16th March 2017 ABSTRACT A preliminary survey of parasitoids of the mango leafminer Acrocercops syngremma (M.) of India is carried out. Seven species of hymenopteran parasitoids were recognized in this study. Microgastrinae sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is recorded for the first time from A. syngremma from India. Key words: Braconidae, Eulophidae, Microgastrinae, Leafminer INTRODUCTION Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is national fruit of India and known as ‘King of fruits’ due to its wide adaptability, excellent taste, exotic flavor, exemplary nutritive value, richness in variety, attractive colour, appearance and popularity among the masses (Ananth, 2016). It occupies relatively the same position in the tropical region as is enjoyed by apple in temperate region. The fruit is utilized both in its immature and mature stages. Raw fruits are used for making chutney, pickles and juices. The ripe fruits also utilized for preparing several products like squashes, syrups, nectars, jams and jellies. Nearly 250 insect and mite pests attack the tree in different stages.