Solaris Advanced Installation Guide
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Solaris Advanced Installation Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road Palo Alto, CA 94303-4900 U.S.A. Part No: 805-3408–10 October 1998 Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California 94303-4900 U.S.A. All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. Parts of the product may be derived from Berkeley BSD systems, licensed from the University of California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, SunDocs, Java, the Java Coffee Cup logo, JumpStart, Solstice, Solstice AutoClient, Online: DiskSuite, Solstice AdminSuite, AnswerBook, AnswerBook2, Java, OpenWindows, Power Management, XGL, XIL, SunVideo, SunButtons, SunDial, PEX, and Solaris are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. The OPEN LOOK and SunTM Graphical User Interface was developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. for its users and licensees. Sun acknowledges the pioneering efforts of Xerox in researching and developing the concept of visual or graphical user interfaces for the computer industry. Sun holds a non-exclusive license from Xerox to the Xerox Graphical User Interface, which license also covers Sun’s licensees who implement OPEN LOOK GUIs and otherwise comply with Sun’s written license agreements. RESTRICTED RIGHTS: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions of FAR 52.227–14(g)(2)(6/87) and FAR 52.227–19(6/87), or DFAR 252.227–7015(b)(6/95) and DFAR 227.7202–3(a). DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH DISCLAIMERS ARE HELD TO BE LEGALLY INVALID. Copyright 1998 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, Californie 94303-4900 Etats-Unis. Tous droits réservés. Ce produit ou document est protégé par un copyright et distribué avec des licences qui en restreignent l’utilisation, la copie, la distribution, et la décompilation. Aucune partie de ce produit ou document ne peut être reproduite sous aucune forme, par quelque moyen que ce soit, sans l’autorisation préalable et écrite de Sun et de ses bailleurs de licence, s’il y en a. Le logiciel détenu par des tiers, et qui comprend la technologie relative aux polices de caractères, est protégé par un copyright et licencié par des fournisseurs de Sun. Des parties de ce produit pourront être dérivées du système Berkeley BSD licenciés par l’Université de Californie. UNIX est une marque déposée aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres pays et licenciée exclusivement par X/Open Company, Ltd. Sun, Sun Microsystems, le logo Sun, SunDocs, Java, le logo Java Coffee Cup, JumpStart, Solstice, Solstice AutoClient, Online: DiskSuite, Solstice AdminSuite, AnswerBook, AnswerBook2, Java, OpenWindows, Power Management, XGL, XIL, SunVideo, SunButtons, SunDial, PEX, et Solaris sont des marques de fabrique ou des marques déposées, ou marques de service, de Sun Microsystems, Inc. aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres pays. Toutes les marques SPARC sont utilisées sous licence et sont des marques de fabrique ou des marques déposées de SPARC International, Inc. aux Etats-Unis et dans d’autres pays. Les produits portant les marques SPARC sont basés sur une architecture développée par Sun Microsystems, Inc. L’interface d’utilisation graphique OPEN LOOK et SunTM a été développée par Sun Microsystems, Inc. pour ses utilisateurs et licenciés. Sun reconnaît les efforts de pionniers de Xerox pour la recherche et le développement du concept des interfaces d’utilisation visuelle ou graphique pour l’industrie de l’informatique. Sun détient une licence non exclusive de Xerox sur l’interface d’utilisation graphique Xerox, cette licence couvrant également les licenciés de Sun qui mettent en place l’interface d’utilisation graphique OPEN LOOK et qui en outre se conforment aux licences écrites de Sun. CETTE PUBLICATION EST FOURNIE “EN L’ETAT” ET AUCUNE GARANTIE, EXPRESSE OU IMPLICITE, N’EST ACCORDEE, Y COMPRIS DES GARANTIES CONCERNANT LA VALEUR MARCHANDE, L’APTITUDE DE LA PUBLICATION A REPONDRE A UNE UTILISATION PARTICULIERE, OU LE FAIT QU’ELLE NE SOIT PAS CONTREFAISANTE DE PRODUIT DE TIERS. CE DENI DE GARANTIE NE S’APPLIQUERAIT PAS, DANS LA MESURE OU IL SERAIT TENU JURIDIQUEMENT NUL ET NON AVENU. Please Recycle Contents About This Book ix 1. Overview of Installing Solaris 1 Maybe You Don’t Need to Install 1 Installing Standalone Systems and Servers 2 Methods for Installing Solaris Software 2 Installing Over the Network 3 Requirements for a Totally Automated Installation 3 2. Performing an Interactive Installation 5 SPARC: How to Perform an Interactive Installation 5 x86: How to Perform an Interactive Installation 10 3. Performing a Custom JumpStart Installation 15 SPARC: How to Perform a Custom JumpStart Installation 15 x86: How to Perform a Custom JumpStart Installation 19 4. Upgrading a System 25 Ways to Upgrade a System 25 Upgrade With Disk Space Reallocation 26 Frequently Asked Questions About Upgrading 26 What to Do Before Upgrading 27 What to Do After Upgrading 30 Contents iii 5. Troubleshooting 31 Setting Up Network Installations 31 Booting a System 32 Error Messages 32 General Problems 33 Booting a System Over the Network 36 Error Messages 36 General Problems 39 Installing Solaris (Initial) 40 Installing Solaris (Upgrade) 42 Error Messages 42 General Problems 42 6. Preconfiguring System Configuration Information 45 Choose a Method for Preconfiguring 45 Preconfiguring With the sysidcfg File 47 Syntax Rules 48 SPARC: Example sysidcfg File 48 x86: Example sysidcfg File 48 r How to Create a sysidcfg Configuration File 49 Preconfiguring With the Name Service 52 r How to Preconfigure Locale Using NIS 52 r How to Preconfigure Locale Using NIS+ 54 Preconfiguring Power Management Information 55 7. Preparing to Install Solaris Software Over the Network 57 Task Map: Preparing to Install Solaris Software Over the Network 58 Servers Required for Network Installation 59 Network Installation Commands 60 Creating an Install Server and Boot Servers 61 iv Solaris Advanced Installation Guide ♦ October 1998 r How to Create an Install Server 62 r How to Create a Boot Server on a Subnet 64 Setting Up Systems to Be Installed Over the Network 66 r How to Set Up Systems to Be Installed Over the Network With Host Manager 67 r How to Set Up Systems to be Installed Over the Network With add_install_client 69 8. Preparing Custom JumpStart Installations 73 Overview 74 What Happens During a Custom JumpStart Installation 75 Task Map: Preparing Custom JumpStart Installations 78 Creating a Profile Server 80 r How to Create a JumpStart Directory on a Server 81 Enabling All Systems to Access the Profile Server 83 r How to Enable All Systems to Access the Profile Server 83 Creating a Profile Diskette 85 r How to Create a Profile Diskette 85 r How to Create a Profile Diskette 89 Creating the rules File 92 What Is the rules File? 92 When Does a System Match a Rule? 92 Important Information About the rules File 92 r How to Create the rules File 93 Rule Examples 95 Rule Keyword and Rule Value Descriptions 95 Creating a Profile 99 What Is a Profile? 99 Important Information about Creating Profiles 100 r How to Create a Profile 100 Contents v Profile Examples 101 Profile Keyword and Profile Value Descriptions 104 How the Size of Swap Is Determined 121 How the System’s Root Disk Is Determined 122 Testing a Profile 123 Ways to Test a Profile 123 r How to Test a Profile 124 Validating the rules File 127 r How to Validate the rules File 128 9. Using Optional Custom JumpStart Features 131 Creating Begin Scripts 131 What Is a Begin Script 131 Important Information About Begin Scripts 132 Ideas for Begin Scripts 132 Creating Derived Profiles With Begin Scripts 132 Creating Finish Scripts 133 What Is a Finish Script 133 Important Information About Finish Scripts 133 Ideas for Finish Scripts 133 Adding Files With a Finish Script 134 r How to Add Files With a Finish Script 134 Adding Packages and Patches 135 Customizing the Root Environment With a Finish Script 136 Setting the System’s Root Password With a Finish Script 137 SPARC: Creating Disk Configuration Files 138 r How to Create Disk Configuration Files 138 x86: Creating Disk Configuration Files 140 r How to Create Disk Configuration Files 140 vi Solaris Advanced Installation Guide ♦ October 1998 Using a Site-Specific Installation Program 144 A. Planning Disk Space 145 Basic Considerations for Disk Space Planning 145 Software Group Space Recommendations 146 B. Solaris CD Layout 147 C. Platform Names and Groups 149 D. Sample Custom JumpStart Setup 153 Sample Site Setup 153 Create an Install Server 154 Create a Boot Server for Marketing Systems 155 Create a JumpStart Directory 155 Share the JumpStart Directory 156 Create the Engineering Group’s Profile 156 Create the Marketing Group’s Profile 157 Update the rules File 157 Check the rules File 158 Set Up Engineering Systems to Install Over the Network 158 Set Up Marketing Systems to Install Over the Network 159 Boot the Engineering Systems and Install Solaris Software 160 Boot the Marketing Systems and Install Solaris Software 160 E.