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DROSOPHILA INFORMATION SERVICE 56 March 1981 Material contributed by DROSOPHILA WORKERS and arranged by P. W. HEDRICK with bibliography edited by I. H. HERSKOWITZ Material presented here should not be used in publications without the consent of the author. Prepared at the DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - USA DROSOPHILA INFORMATION SERVICE Number 56 March 1981 Prepared at the Division of Biological Sciences University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas - USA For information regarding submission of manuscripts or other contributions to Drosophila Information Service, contact P. W. Hedrick, Editor, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 - USA. March 1981 DROSOPHILA INFORMATION SERVICE 56 DIS 56 - I Table of Contents ON THE ORIGIN OF THE DROSOPHILA CONFERENCES L. Sandier ............... 56: vi 1981 DROSOPHILA RESEARCH CONFERENCE .......................... 56: 1 1980 DROSOPHILA RESEARCH CONFERENCE REPORT ...................... 56: 1 ERRATA ........................................ 56: 3 ANNOUNCEMENTS ..................................... 56: 4 HISTORY OF THE HAWAIIAN DROSOPHILA PROJECT. H.T. Spieth ............... 56: 6 RESEARCH NOTES BAND, H.T. Chyniomyza amoena - not a pest . 56: 15 BAND, H.T. Ability of Chymomyza amoena preadults to survive -2 C with no preconditioning . 56: 15 BAND, H.T. Duplication of the delay in emergence by Chymomyza amoena larvae after subzero treatment . 56: 16 BATTERBAM, P. and G.K. CHAMBERS. The molecular weight of a novel phenol oxidase in D. melanogaster . 56: 18 BECK, A.K., R.R. RACINE and F.E. WURGLER. Primary nondisjunction frequencies in seven chromosome substitution stocks of D. melanogaster . 56: 17 BECKENBACH, A.T. Map position of the esterase-5 locus of D. pseudoobscura: a usable marker for "sex-ratio ... .......................... 56: 23 BEWLEY, G.C. and S. LIJBINSKY. Thermal stability of catalase during development in Drosophila . 56: 19 BIEMONT, C. Parental effect and inbreeding depression in D. melanogaster . 56: 20 BISHOP, C.P. and A.F. SHERALD. Isolation of two third chromosome mutants conferring resistance to a-methyl dopa . 56: 21 CARTON, Y., J. ROUALT and H. KITANO. Susceptibility of the seven sibling species of subgroup melanogaster infected with a Cynipide parasite . 56: 24 CHADOV, B.F. Effect of aberrant Y-chromosomes on X-chromosome nondisjunction ..... 56: 26 CHADOV, B.F. Nonhomologous X-2 pairing in females containing structurally normal X-chromosomes ................................... 56: 27 CHADOV, B.F. and E.V. CHADOVA. Nonhomologous pairing and spontaneous interchanges in D. melanogaster males . 56: 27 CHARTON-STRUNK, U. and W.-E. KALISCH. Intrachromosomai effect of a heterozygous tandem duplication ................................ 56: 28 CHENEVIX TRENCH, G. An endemic inversion in the X-chromosome of D. melanogaster. 56: 30 CHERNYSHEV, A.I. and B.A. LEIBOVITCH. The effect of temperature during development in the amount of heterochromatin DNA fractions in D. melanogaster . 56: 30 CURTSINGER, J. Embryonic lethality associated with multiple inversion heterozygosity in D. pseudoobscura ................................. 56: 33 DASMOHAPATRA, P., N.K. TRIPATHY and C.C. DAS. Distribution of different species of Drosophila in Khallikote Ghats, Ganjam District, Orissa, India . 56: 45 ECKSTRAND, I.A. and R.H. RICHARDSON. Comparison of water balance kinetics between laboratory-reared and field-caught D. inimica ................... 56: 34 ENGELS, W.R. and C.R. PRESTON. Characteristics of a "neutral" strain in the P-M system of hybrid dysgenesis . 56: 35 FALK, R. Somatic mosaics produced by loss of a centric fragment . 56: 37 FOGLEMAN, J.C. and W. HEED. A comparison of the yeast flora in the larval sub- strates of D. nigrospiracula and D. inettleri ................... 56: 38 FUJIKAWA, K. Pilot experiments involving visible mutations induced in immature Drosophila oocytes by y-rays at low dose rate .................... 56: 39 FUTCH, D.G. Crossing over in hybrid D. ananassae-D. pallidosa X-chromosome . 56: 40 GALIJS, H.M., I.B. PER.ELLE and L. EHRMAN. The heritability of egg length in D. paulistorum .................................. 56: 42 GILBERT, D.G. Effects of CO2 vs. ether on two mating behavior components of D. melanogaster . 56: 45 GILBERT, D.G. Sperm counts and initial sperm storage in D. melanogaster . 56: 46 GONCHARENKO, G.G. and I.K. ZAKBAROV. A phosphoglucomutase locus in D. virilis. 56: 47 ii - DIS 56 Table of Contents March 1981 GRACE, D. The Ubx/bx transfection effect in the entire compound chromosome C(2;3)EN. 56: 49 GRONKO, M.H. An attempt to reduce population size through extensive trapping. 56: 49 GUPTA, J.P. A list of drosophilid species so far known from India.......... 56: 50 GVOSDEV, T.I., T.I. GERASINOVA, G.L. KOGAN, Ya.M. ROSOVSKY and S.C. SMIRNOVA. A collection of G6PD mutations which suppress the lethal effect of mutations affecting 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in D. melanogaster . 56: 53 HAGELE, K. and W.-E. KALISCH. 3H-thymidine labeling intensity over a prominent band group prior to and during puffing........................ 56: 56 HANKINS, G.R. and A.F. SHERALD. Hydropyrimidine hydrase in D. nielanogaster..... 56: 57 HARTMANN-GOLDSTEIN, I.J. DNA content of Malpighian tubule nuclei from white- variegated larvae................................ 56: 58 HEED, W.B. Central and marginal populations revisited................ 56: 60 HILLIKER, A.J. Heterochromatjc duplications and the meiotic segregation of compound second autosomes during spermatogenesis in D. melanogaster . 56: 61 HILLIKER, A.J. Meiotic effects of second chromosome heterochromatin deletions. 56: 72 HILLIKER, A.J., A. CHOVNICK and S.H. CLARK. The relative mutabilitjes of vital genes in D. melanogaster............................. 56: 64 HILLIKER, A.J., S.H. CLARK, W.M. GELBART and A. CHOVNICK. Cytogenetic analysis of the rosy micro-region, polytene chromosome interval 87D2-4; 87E12-F1, of D. melanogaster . 56: 65 HUNTER, A.S. Drosophila of Pompano Beach, Florida................... 56: 74 JAMES, A., N. BOWNES and S. GLENN. The re-establishment of pattern elements in regenerating imaginal wing discs of D. melanogaster . 56: 75 JENKINS, J.B. Paternal age and mutagen sensitivity.................. 56: 77 KAIDANOV, L.Z. and E. HUGUTO. Studies on genetical possibilities of inbred stocks in Drosophila.................................... 56: 78 KAPLIN, V. and L. KOROCHKIN. Histochemistry of the tissue distribution of some enzymes during the development in D. melanogaster . 56: 78 KAUROV, B.A. To the definition of the notion "field of gene activity t '......... 56: 80 KAUROV, B.A. Mutation aristapedia causes the transformation of distal segments of antennae to five-segment tarsi in D. melanogaster . 56: 81 KIDWELL, M.G. The use of pupation height as a method for distinguishing between the sibling species D. melanogaster and D. simulans . 56: 81 LIEBRICH, W. In vitro differentiation of single cysts of spermatocytes of D. hydei. 56: 82 LOHS-SCHARDIN, N. A new allele of Ubx causing a strong phenotype........... 56: 84 LOUKAS, N. A new esterase locus in D. melanogaster . 56: 85 LOUI<AS, M. Breeding sites of D. subobscura . 56: 86 LUJAN, D. A comparison of TSP's of Notcht 51 , shibiretsl and the double mutant..... 56: 86 LYTTLE, T.W. Segregation in XYY males and XXY females of D. melanogaster....... 56: 87 MALOGOLOWKIN-COHEN, Ch. and N. LIVNI. A preliminary study on polymorphism and heterozygosity found in D. subobscura in Israel.................. 56: 90 MATHER, W.B. and G. BALWIN. Inversions in three species of Drosophila from the River Kwai, Thailand............................... 56: 91 MATHER, W.B. and G. BALWIN. Inversions in the nasuta complex from the River Kwai, Thailand..................................... 56: 92 McINNIS, D.O. Drosophila collections from Raleigh, North Carolina........... 56: 94 McINNIS, D.O. A seasnnal spread of D. melanogaster and D. simulans in Raleigh, North Carolina.................................. 56: 96 MIGLANI, G.S. and F.R. AMPY. A possible chine between the body weight and altitude in Mexican populations of D. melanogaster . 56: 96 MIGLANI, G.S. and F.R. AMPY. ADH denaturation depends on native ADH activity levels in D. melanogaster . 56: 97 MOSS, L.J. and E.A. CARLSON. EMS-induced yellow mosaics in D. melanogaster...... 56: 97 MUKHINA, L.I., V.A. KULITCHKOV and I.F. ZHIMEJLEV. Distribution of chromosome rearrangement breaks along the polytene chromosomes of D. melanogaster...... 56: 98 NIKOSHKOV, A.B. and V.T. KAKPAKOV. Dosage compensation of sex-linked genes in established cell lines of D. melanogaster . 56:103 OSIPOVA, N., L. KOROCHKIN, M. GOLUBOVSKY, T. KHLEBODAROVA and V. KULUTCHKOV. Bio- chemical-genetical investigation of the unstable locus lozenge in D. melanogaster. 56:104 PLATT, S.A. Discrimination learning in individual D. melanogaster . 56:105 March 1981 Table of Contents DIS 56 - iii POLIVANOV, S. Possibly non-Mendelian factor for stimulation of egg deposition . 56:106 POT, W. Courtship and mating success in alcohol dehydrogenase genotypes of D. melanogaster . 56:107 RABMAI'T, R. and D.L. LINDSLEY. Ysu(f), a spontaneous derivative of Ymal+. 56:108 RAMANOORTHY, C., N. R. PADAXI, S. NIRMALA SAJJAN and E. KRISHNANACHARI. Mutagenic activity of quinine in D. melanogaster . 56:109 RAPPORT, E. and M.K. YANG. Effects of food deprivation on larval amino acid pools. 56:109 RICHMOND, R.C. and M.E. CLAEREOUT. Ratios in crosses segregating for Esterase 60 (Null) and Esterase 6s alleles
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  • Insect Egg Size and Shape Evolve with Ecology but Not Developmental Rate Samuel H

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    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1302-4 Insect egg size and shape evolve with ecology but not developmental rate Samuel H. Church1,4*, Seth Donoughe1,3,4, Bruno A. S. de Medeiros1 & Cassandra G. Extavour1,2* Over the course of evolution, organism size has diversified markedly. Changes in size are thought to have occurred because of developmental, morphological and/or ecological pressures. To perform phylogenetic tests of the potential effects of these pressures, here we generated a dataset of more than ten thousand descriptions of insect eggs, and combined these with genetic and life-history datasets. We show that, across eight orders of magnitude of variation in egg volume, the relationship between size and shape itself evolves, such that previously predicted global patterns of scaling do not adequately explain the diversity in egg shapes. We show that egg size is not correlated with developmental rate and that, for many insects, egg size is not correlated with adult body size. Instead, we find that the evolution of parasitoidism and aquatic oviposition help to explain the diversification in the size and shape of insect eggs. Our study suggests that where eggs are laid, rather than universal allometric constants, underlies the evolution of insect egg size and shape. Size is a fundamental factor in many biological processes. The size of an 526 families and every currently described extant hexapod order24 organism may affect interactions both with other organisms and with (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Fig. 1). We combined this dataset with the environment1,2, it scales with features of morphology and physi- backbone hexapod phylogenies25,26 that we enriched to include taxa ology3, and larger animals often have higher fitness4.
  • Metabolic Enzyme Expression Highlights a Key Role for MTHFD2 and the Mitochondrial Folate Pathway in Cancer

    Metabolic Enzyme Expression Highlights a Key Role for MTHFD2 and the Mitochondrial Folate Pathway in Cancer

    ARTICLE Received 1 Nov 2013 | Accepted 17 Dec 2013 | Published 23 Jan 2014 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4128 Metabolic enzyme expression highlights a key role for MTHFD2 and the mitochondrial folate pathway in cancer Roland Nilsson1,2,*, Mohit Jain3,4,5,6,*,w, Nikhil Madhusudhan3,4,5, Nina Gustafsson Sheppard1,2, Laura Strittmatter3,4,5, Caroline Kampf7, Jenny Huang8, Anna Asplund7 & Vamsi K. Mootha3,4,5 Metabolic remodeling is now widely regarded as a hallmark of cancer, but it is not clear whether individual metabolic strategies are frequently exploited by many tumours. Here we compare messenger RNA profiles of 1,454 metabolic enzymes across 1,981 tumours spanning 19 cancer types to identify enzymes that are consistently differentially expressed. Our meta- analysis recovers established targets of some of the most widely used chemotherapeutics, including dihydrofolate reductase, thymidylate synthase and ribonucleotide reductase, while also spotlighting new enzymes, such as the mitochondrial proline biosynthetic enzyme PYCR1. The highest scoring pathway is mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism and is centred on MTHFD2. MTHFD2 RNA and protein are markedly elevated in many cancers and correlated with poor survival in breast cancer. MTHFD2 is expressed in the developing embryo, but is absent in most healthy adult tissues, even those that are proliferating. Our study highlights the importance of mitochondrial compartmentalization of one-carbon metabolism in cancer and raises important therapeutic hypotheses. 1 Unit of Computational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. 2 Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. 3 Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. 4 Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.