Centerviews, Vol.3 No.7, Dec 1985-Jan 1986

December 1985-January 1986 Vol. 3, No. 7 HE East-West Center 1777 East-West Road Honolulu, HI 96848 Ceniewiews

China's fertility survey is discussed at Energy conservation is studied in ASEAN and Japanese parliamentar• Beijing conference. See page 3. Japan seminar. See page 4. ians meet here for Fifth Parliamentar• Inside... ians Seminar. See page 5. Two agreements are signed between Asian professors look at American the East-West Center and China. See studies programs. See page 4. Travels and accomplishments of Film festival awards to be announced pages 2 and 3. Center staff and participants are Dec. 7. See page 2. RSI begins a major new energy study. reported in People. See pages 6 and 7. See page 5.

Malaysian official praises ASEAN spirit

By Sheryl Bryson retard or jeopardize the development gained independence in 1984. Centerviews Editor of the ASEAN spirit, the ASEAN pro• Musa said the political-internal cess, the ASEAN concert, the ASEAN contributions that ASEAN has made he creation of an area of amity sense of community and ASEAN as to the region are its greatest. He said has been the supreme achive- an organization." ASEAN has: Tment of the Association of Noting that for ASEAN, the possi• . Prevented the rise of a sense of Southeast Asian Nations, the deputy bilities are "even richer and more pro• isolation among its member nations. prime minister of Malaysia said in a found than the already considerable • Given member nations the psy• speech at the East-West Center in late success it has achieved," Musa said chological self-confidence to prevent October. Dato Musa Hitam told an "there is nothing in the world today them from suffering from the corrup• audience of about 350 that this that justifies the sacrifice of ASEAN tion that comes from a feeling of achievement is one that the nations of and the sacrifice of ASEAN's further powerlessness. ASEAN "must be prepared to fight to development." • Been able to arrive at mature positions, actions and policies within maintain." Without ASEAN, which was Musa was the keynote speaker of formed in 1967, Southeast Asia would a multilateral framework, with all its the East-West Center's 25th Anniver• be a different place today, he said. checks and balances. sary Conference on ASEAN and the ASEAN includes six members: • Created a sense of community, Pacific Basin. Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the with a belief in partnership for He said it is "absolutely essential Philippines, Indonesia and Brunei, Dato Musa Hitam that nothing come to pass that will which joined the organization when it (continued on page 8)

Anniversary conference explores consequences of development, change

By Keith Lorenz tectionism. "The cost of a protectionist development in the world today con• complementation schemes should be News Writer approach for settling trade imbalances tains a built-in bias toward a competi• relegated to the dust bin." between the United States and Japan tive advantage for ASEAN, he He noted that Malaysia has not uture directions of Southeast will be very high for ASEAN," Naya observed. opted for its own heavy industrial Asian nations within the larger said. "Not only will their exports to "We are now entering the second development. It has placed more Fcontext of the Pacific were the the United States be restricted, but phase of import substitution and are importance on bilateral economic focus of the East-West Center's 25th their exports to Japan would also more resource-based in industry" the cooperation than regional, as wit• Anniversary Conference on ASEAN probably decrease as the pressure on Thai economist said. Many of nessed by its interest in the manufac• and the Pacific Basin in late October. Japan to open its markets disappears. ASEAN's exports are now up to the ture of aircraft with Indonesia and The keynote speaker on Oct. 29, ASEAN countries must use their same quality of the so-called NICs automobile parts with Thailand. Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia political unity to oppose protectionism (newly industrialized countries of Gungwu Wang, professor of far Dato Musa Hitam, praised the and get a better deal from Japan." South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong) eastern history at the Australian accomplishments of ASEAN, but he Speaking on ASEAN's economic but that the group's exports would National University, Canberra, noted that the six Southeast Asian cooperation, Narongchai Akrasanee, profit by more diversification. referred to the rights of ethnic minori• allies do not now seek to weaken their of the Industrial Finance Cooperation Taking a somewhat pessimistic ties in Asia, and said human rights, alliance by joining a still somewhat of Thailand, noted that the success of view, a Malaysian economist, Peng Lim which have become an "interven• nebulous, larger Pacific community to the group's industrial complementa• Chee, who is a transnational corpora• tionist phenomenon," were faring bet• the detriment of their own mutual tion scheme was less than expected. tions officer with ESCAP in Bangkok, ter in Asia than in many other parts of progress and cohesion. He asked, rhetorically, whether said, "ASEAN's economic cooperation the world. For three days, experts focused on ASEAN is really ready for economic has made no significant contribution East-West Center President Victor the social, political, demographic, stra• cooperation in the future, although to Malaysia's economic development Hao Li delivered the opening remarks tegic and economic consequences of the need remains. The technological in the last 20 years and its industrial at the ASEAN conference and also development and change in the closed the meeting by leading a dis• region. cussion on ASEAN, the East-West In a paper on regional order and Center and the future. He asked, political development, Jusuf Wanandi, "How many barriers are cultural?" He head of Indonesia's Center for Stra• added, "In the long run, we have to tegic and International Studies and a understand the reasons behind our differences. We don't always need to member of the East-West Center's Board of Governors, noted that while agree, but we do need to deepen our political development in the ASEAN understanding of each other." countries has been positive thus far, He said the national capacity of governments must gear up more for the United States to deal with Asia the basic needs of the people. remains quite low because there are "The emerging middle classes are still not enough Americans studying no longer satisfied with physical and that region. 'We have our share of the material developments alone and men and women of the new Pacific, demand higher quality of life, which, but on the whole they have not yet inter alia, implies greater political reached the higher levels of govern• rights, greater participation in the for• ment offices and corporate board• mulation of development policies and rooms. Equally important, the knowl• judicial warrant," Wanandi said. edge possessed by these persons has Seiji Naya, director of the Center's not yet moved out into the larger soci• Resource Systems Institute, addressed ety," Li said. the delicate issue of growing U.S. pro• Flags of the six ASEAN countries flank the ASEAN symbol. Page 2 December 1985-January 1986 CenteTOfUS

Special issue highlights Pacific movement of people may be seen as Congress in New Zealand, are part of Zealand, in association with the East- expressing personal and collective a dialogue between humanist and West Center and the Institute of The East-West Center's Murray identity, defined here in deliberately scientific thinkers on the links Pacific Studies, the University of the Chapman, a research associate in the broad terms to encompass various between the movements of people South Pacific. Population Institute, is the guest edi• senses of belonging on the part of the and their collective and personal iden• tor of a recently published special individual, small group, nation, and tities. issue of the journal, "Pacific View• wider region," Chapman said. This The 371-page special issue, availa• point." "Mobility and Identity in the brings up some key questions, he ble as a book, is divided into sections Island Pacific" is the title of the special said, including whether the links on themes, experiences and perspec• issue. As Chapman points out in his between mobility and policy have tives on mobility and identity in the introduction to this collection of 15 been considered in too simple a form. island Pacific. The book may be papers, advances have been made Why not focus on the concept of iden• ordered for $19 from the Information since the mid-1970s in understanding tity when considering theories of and Publications Section, Victoria the movement of people in Third mobility, and beyond that, to their University of Wellington, Private Bag, World societies, but theory about practical implications, Chapman asks. Wellington, New Zealand. It is pub• where, how and why people move The 15 papers, revisions of all but lished by the Department of Geogra• has not advanced to the same degree. one presented and discussed at a 1983 phy and Victoria University Press, Vic• "Conceived most abstractly, the session of the 15th Pacific Science toria, University of Wellington, New Six international films nominated for award

he Hawaii International Film adrift in the troubled currents of the tor Juzo Itami, Japan) probes the vital• Festival, sponsored by the Cultural Revolution. ity of rituals and family life with dead• TInstitute of Culture and Com• The 1985 award will be presented pan humor; "The Mirage" (director Pulitzer Prize and is still the only film munication, was founded to promote at a benefit reception between 6:30 Nirad Mahapatra, India) chronicles critic to be so honored. Movie critic of understanding among the peoples of and 8:00 p.m., Dec. 7, at the East-West the breakdown of a family that is typi• the Chicago Sun-Times, he has written Asia, the Pacific, and the United Center's Hawaii Imin International cal of Asia's modernization; "Dim reviews for that paper since 1967. He States. The clasped hands of the festi• Conference Center at Jefferson Hall. Sum" (director Wayne Wang, United is known nationwide — and interna• val's logo signify this international The award will be presented by East- States) examines the plight of Ameri• tionally — as co-host of the popular bond of filmmaking. Another mean• West Center President Victor Hao Li can-Chinese women caught between television program, "At the Movies." ing of the cultural handshake is con• prior to the Hawaii premiere of two cultures. With Gene Siskel of The Chicago Trib• gratulatory appreciation of the film• "MacArthur's Children." The roster of jurors for the 1985 une, Ebert has brought perceptive film maker whose entry is selected as There are six nominees for this award includes Paul Cox of Australia, criticism into the American living winner of the East-West Center year's East-West Center Award: Roger Ebert of the United States, room. Award. "Homecoming" (director Yim Ho, Kashiko Kawakita of Japan, Maxine A pioneer of the Japanese film The award is given annually for Hong Kong) contrasts the lives of two Hong Kingston of the United States industry, Kashiko Kawakita was first the film that best combines imagina• childhood friends, a woman now liv• and P. K. Nair of India. involved with the distribution of Euro• tion, cinematic artistry, and the ing in Hong Kong and a schoolteacher Paul Cox has emerged from Down pean films in Japan in the late 1920s meaningful insights that broaden the who remained in their rural village; Under with the generation of young and founded the Japan Film Library understanding of one culture for the "Yellow Earth" (director Chen Kaige, filmmakers who have put Australia on Council in 1960. She has been hon• enrichment of others. China) is acclaimed as the finest film the motion picture map. The innova• ored by Japan's Ministry of Education Previous winners of the East-West in three decades from China despite tive director's best-known films are and decorated by the governments of Center Award are Koehi Oguri of the youth of its 33-year-old director; "My First Wife," "Man of Rowers," France and Italy. One of the most Japan (1983) for "Muddy River," a "When the Tenth Month Comes" and "Lonely Hearts." He is currently respected motion picture jurors in the universally poignant film of childhood (director Dang Nhat Minh, Vietnam), in production with the feature film, world, she has judged films in more friendship, and Wu Tianming of the first feature film from Vietnam to "Cactus." than a dozen countries, including the China (1984) for "River without be shown in the United States, tells of A decade ago, Roger Ebert be• film festivals of Cannes, Venice, Ber• Buoys," the story of three raftsmen a widow's grief; "The Funeral" (direc- came the first movie critic to win a lin, Moscow, Vancouver, Melbourne, Tours, Cracow, Cork, Tehran, Chicago, Milan, Locarno and Varna, Bulgaria. For the past 25 years, she has been president of the Kawakita Memorial Film Institute in Tokyo. Maxine Hong Kingston dazzled the literary world in 1976 with her first book, "The Woman Warrior," de• scribed by John Leonard of The Neiv York Times as "The best book I've read in years.. .a poem turned into a sword." Winner of the National Book Critics' Award, this best-seller was fol• lowed by the equally acclaimed "China Men." Mrs. Kingston was born and reared in California, where she "The Mirage" is graduated from the University of one of six films nominated for the California at Berkeley. She has taught East-West Center English in California and Hawaii. Award, to be Married to actor Earll Kingston, she is presented Dec. 7 currently at work on a third book that during the Hawaii draws on her Chinese-American International Film Festival. Directed heritage. by Nirad Mahapatra P. K. Nair is one of India's fore• of India, the film examines the break• most film historians. He is director of down of a family the National Film Archive of India in during Asia's moder• Pune and has responsibility for the nization process. preservation of India films.

Four representatives of the According to the agreement, East-West Center will provide resource Resource Systems Institute who went dated Oct. 21, the collaborative and economic assessments of the five RSI-China project to China in October for a week-long research project will focus on the Altai minerals, models and relevant soft• will assess minerals in series of discussions saw the dialogue region, a 20,000-square-kilometer area ware to calculate the resource assess• result in the signing of a memoran• in Xinjiang, and five mineral com• ments, and training in the use of the Xinjiang's Altai region dum of agreement for extensive min• modities: copper, nickel, lead, zinc models. eral assessments. and iron ore. Researchers will conduct The agreement also calls for a col• Research Associates Charles John• a mineral resource potential assess• laborative report by researchers from son and Allen Clark and Fellows ment, an economic analysis, a market both institutes to be released for publi• James Otto and James Dorian were analysis, and methodology studies cation in a professional journal. invited by the Xinjiang Uygur Auton• from exploration to exploitation. Both groups of researchers agreed omous Region to meet with represen• Working with researchers from to meet at the East-West Center in tatives of the region's Committee of the East-West Center, the Xinjiang February 1986 to discuss details of the Science and Technology. The Chinese experts will provide the necessary final proposal, followed by the formal delegation was headed by Director geologic and economic information signing of the collaborative agreement. Yang Yimin. needed to conduct the project. The CenterUimS December 1985-January 1986 Page 3

Conference results in book ence participants and opening and Christmas tree-trimming party set ticipants planning to attend are asked closing chapters by the editors. to RSVP to 944-7691. "Chinese Culture and Mental The 405-page book is available for East-West Center participants and Health," a book resulting from a 1982 $49.50 hardcover and $29.50 paper• their families are invited to enjoy a conference of the same name, is now back from Academic Press, 3800 Lake- special afternoon of Christmas fun on available through the publisher, Aca• ville Highway, Petaluma, Calif. 94952 Dec. 8 from 3 to 5 p.m. in the Friends demic Press. The conference, con• USA. Lounge of Jefferson Hall. ducted by the former Culture Learn• The Christmas tree-trimming ing Institute, was co-sponsored by the party will feature entertainment, East-West Center, the University of refreshments and a special visit by Hawaii's psychiatry department and Santa Claus. The event is hosted by The Queen's Medical Center in the Friends of the East-West Center Honolulu. and Participant Services. The Manoa Wen-Shing Tseng, ICC adjunct Chapter of the Lions Club will pro• research associate and UH professor vide the Christmas tree. of psychiatry, and David Wu, ICC Host families are asked to bring research associate, edited the book, Christmas cookies to share and one or which includes 24 papers by confer• two decorations for the tree. Par•

One-child China policy unhindered by preference for male offspring

he average Chinese couple pre• rate surveys ever conducted anywhere fers to have sons rather than in the world. "This is the most Tdaughters, but this preference is remarkable set of complete and accu• not a major obstacle to the overall suc• rate data that I know of," said demog• cess of China's family planning pro• rapher Ansley J. Coale, author of the gram, according to new analysis of 1984 report, "Rapid Population China's 1982 One-per-Thousand Fertil• Change in China, 1952-1982." The ity Survey. conference was the first public pre• Couples with only one girl are sentation of analysis from the fertility less likely to have obtained a one-child survey's computer tabulations. certificate than couples with one boy, Chinese and American research• according to Fred Arnold, a Popula• ers have been analyzing the computer tion Institute research associate, and tapes from the survey at the East-West Liu Zhaoxiang, a staff member at the Center's Population Institute over the National Research Center for Science past year. "The Chinese have been and Technology for Development in extremely open with the data from Beijing. this important survey," said Lee-Jay The researchers also found that Cho, director of the Population Insti• Valuable data from China's 1982 fertility survey were discussed during a recent Beijing conference after receiving a one-child certificate, if tute. "This will help international co-sponsored by the East-West Center's Pbpulation Institute and China's State Family Planning Com• demographers get a better under• mission. Population Institute Director Lee-Jay Cho, center left, represented the East-West Center, and a couple's first child was a girl they Vice Minister Peng Yu, center right, represented the State Family Planning Commission during clos• were more likely to renounce the cer• standing of China's population situa• ing ceremonies. tificate by having a second child. tion and also will clarify misunder• At a mid-October conference in standings about China's population lion people, including the surveyed ried couples and their offspring, less Beijing, more than 60 scholars and policy." women and their families — or about likely to contain the household head's policymakers discussed some 25 Peng Yu, vice minister of the State one per thousand of the total popula• parent or a child's spouse, researchers papers presented by Chinese and Family Planning Commission, told tion of China. Li Bohua of the State Family Planning American demographers. Papers exa• conference participants that the 1982 The papers presented at the Bei• Commission of China and William R. mined such topics as the interval survey provided valuable data for jing conference found large differences Lavely of the University of Washing• between births, the ratio of boys to family planning work. The 1982 sur• in family planning practices among ton found by studying data from Liao- girls, contraceptive use and patterns of vey asked questions of 310,485 ran• the 28 provinces of China, between ning, Hebei and Fujian provinces. marriage and childbearing in China domly selected women aged 15 to 67, the urban and rural areas, between "If we take these figures at face based on the 1982 fertility survey. The inquiring about age, education, occu• minority groups and the Han major• value," the researchers said, "we must conference was co-sponsored by the pation, marital status, child-bearing ity, and among different educational conclude that rural China has exper• State Family Planning Commission of history, abortion and contraception levels. ienced a family revolution." China and the East-West Center's practices. Evidence of rapid change in Further information about the Population Institute. The survey is referred to as the China's families also emerged. The survey results can be obtained from China's fertility survey is said to "one-per-thousand" survey because its rural Chinese household has become the Population Institute, East-West be one of the largest and most accu• findings cover approximately one mil- a smaller unit, more centered on mar• Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96848.

Chinese science-technology group contributes for future collaboration

China's State Science and Technol• In a memorandum of understand• science, technology, and economy." support for the Chinese who have ogy Commission has made a contri• ing between the two institutions, The agreement covers two fiscal studied in the United States." He said bution of $200,000 to the East-West signed in Beijing Oct. 18, both agreed years, from Oct. % 1985, through Sept. the contribution is intended to Center for academic exchange and col• that further cooperation "will enhance 30, 1987. Half of the funds go directly develop further such exchange and laborative research between Chinese the friendship between two countries to the East-West Center and half cover collaboration and enhance the East- and U.S. scholars. and promote the development of local expenses in China for visiting West Center's mission of fostering EWC experts engaged in collaboration scholarly and cultural exchange. and exchange activities. East-West Center President Victor Proposals for collaborative Hao Li said: "The East-West Center is research are to be approved by both very grateful for the contribution gen• parties on a case-by-case basis. The erously made by SSTC The Center first set of proposals to be developed appreciates the participation of will include: a forecast and policy Chinese scholars, and we are sure that study of water resources in the area of this new agreement will enable fur• Beijing, Tianjing and neighboring ther collaboration with the scientific regions; a study on the energy struc• and technological community in ture of a typical Chinese city; a study China." on the unique features of urbanization The Oct. 18 memorandum of in China; and a study on population understanding between the State control in China. Science and Technology Commission The chairman of the State Science of China and the East-West Center and Technology Commission, Song was negotiated and signed by Wu Jian, thanked the East-West Center Mingyu, vice chairman of the State "for its enthusiastic development, over Science and Technology Commission of China, and Lee-Jay Cho, Population In Beijing, Wu Mingyu, center left, of China's State Science and Technology Commission and Lee- many years, of the academic exchange Jay Cho, center right, of the East-West Center toasted the signing of an agreement for future collabo• and collaborative research, between Institute director and chairman of ration between the two groups. Chinese and U.S. scholars' and for its directors for the East-West Center. Page 4 December 1983-January 1986 Cen\STVieiVS

Committee to discuss PIDP research areas: the private sector role in Pacific Nations Economic and Social Com• islands development and social areas mission for Asia and the Pacific, and A meeting of the Pacific Islands such as nutrition, unemployment, the University of the South Pacific. Conference program planning com• rural-to-urban population drift and PIC Secretary-General Langi mittee is scheduled for mid-January in problems with Pacific youth. Kavaliku of Tonga will chair the meet• Honolulu, to follow up on discussions The program planning committee ing, which will be followed at the end of the PIC meeting in August in Raro- comprises island leaders and senior of January by a meeting of the PIC tonga. officials from Fiji, the Cook Islands, standing committee in Suva. "The meeting is part of the exer• American Samoa, the Federated States cise to develop some new projects for of Micronesia, Solomon Islands, PIDP research, based on the discus• Western Samoa and Hawaii. Discus• sions in Rarotonga," said Te'o Fair- sions also will allow input from bairn, acting director of the Pacific representatives of Pacific island Islands Development Program. "The regional organizations such as the final program will be determined by South Pacific Commission, Forum the standing committee." Fisheries Agency, South Pacific Bureau According to Fairbairn, discus• for Economic Cooperation, the Pacific sions are likely to focus on two major Operations Centre of the United Energy savings critical to economies of developing countries

nergy demand through the turn inspected major plant operations in Japan has virtually no energy and private sectors could aspire to in of the century is expected to rise Japan to learn first-hand the advanced resources of its own, it has done the field of energy conservation was Eat a faster rate in the rapidly stage of energy conservation in that remarkably well in utilizing its illustrated by the case of Malaysia, as developing nations of East and South• country. imported energy to the maximum. projected by James in his paper on east Asia than elsewhere in the world. "We urged them not to merely This has been true both in the govern• energy conservation in rapid growth How then must countries in the admire the latest technology and com• ment as well as the private sector, and developing countries. He noted that, region exploit the significant potential puters for monitoring and saving that was the message that the seminar according to a national energy plan• for energy conservation in order to energy," said Research Associate Wil• aimed to get across to the approxi• ning study, the manufacturing sector improve their balance of payments liam James of RSI, "because that sort mately 23 mid- to senior-level par• of Malaysia could reduce its energy and external debt considerations? of technology will remain beyond ticipants attending from 10 countries. consumption by between 10 and 18 This question was central to a their financial reach for some time. We "Those attending were keenly percent between 1983 and 1985 with seminar in Tokyo sponsored by the advised them to take note of the interested in U.S. and Japanese tech• no loss of output if better energy Asian Productivity Organization and human organization in the plant, niques and programs of energy con• management and energy-saving the Resource Systems Institute of the quality circles, incentives to servation," noted RSI's Assistant to the equipment are adopted. By 2010, he East-West Center in September. The economize, the maintenance of Director Mike Manson, who hailed said, energy savings in manufacturing seminar brought together economists machinery and so forth as the first the seminar as holding out promise could be as high as 25 percent, and scientists from Japan and the steps. They were impressed by the not only for energy conservation provided energy-conserving technolo• United States as well as government general absence of dust in cement progress in the Asian region but to gies and equipment are coupled with officials and engineers concerned with plants and how waste heat is recycled the world as a whole. The second organizational and managerial energy use from India, Pakistan, Sri and used to generate power as well as stage of the seminar included discus• improvements. Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, Korea, the to service other parts of the plants in sions and visits to industrial plants in Philippines and Taiwan. Japan." Taiwan. Delegates to the energy seminar Participants concluded that while The sort of goal that governments

Bangladesh a master's degree student Some of the points discussed at Asian professors have mixed views in American studies may do his the workshop revolved around the degree in Bengali or English, although professional paths that Asian students his doctorate must be done in English. take after completing American of American studies programs The Malaysian scholar, Pamela studies; the problems that American by Keith Lorenz Sodhy, noted that there is no inte• studies face in various countries; Neil's Writer Asian scholars of American stud• grated American studies program in where the faculty has been trained; ies who attended the workshop came her country. However, there are what are the curricula; and what is he teaching of American studies from universities in Korea, the Philip• courses in American history and liter• the relationship between American in Asian universities was re• pines, Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Ban• ature available. These were introduced studies and English language instruc• Tviewed in late October at a gladesh, Singapore and Taiwan. They after independence in 1957 by visiting tion? workshop sponsored by Open Grants were en route to San Diego to attend Fulbright professors from the United "We as American scholars have to of the East-West Center and the an international conference on Ameri• States. Only this year was a National listen to the different perspectives on Department of American Studies of can studies. Organization of American Studies in America as presented by these profes• the University of Hawaii. "In India during the 1950s and Malaysia established. The medium of sors," noted Shive. "They see America "The goal of the workshop," noted '60s, American studies had a phenom• instruction of American studies in the through different mirrors, and we Glenn Shive, assistant to the dean of enal growth," observed one scholar country is Malay, as required by law. should know how they look at us. It Open Grants, which organized the from that country. "However, there is In Korea, a professor from the is timely now since the withdrawal of gathering, "was really to enable these a lopsided view in that mainly only English department of the University British cultural influence and the rise scholars to share information about American 20th century history is stud• of Hawaii characterized American of America as a country to send stu• the teaching of American studies as it ied. Not enough attention is given to studies in that country as "being in a dents is continuing. However, Ameri• takes place in different countries. The geography, fine arts, popular culture state of arrest." Dean Kim Yong-kwon can studies should not just become students whom they are teaching have or mass media. But modern American of the College of Liberal Arts, Sogang another colonial export of cultural minimal direct contact with the United playwrights such as Arthur Miller, University, Seoul, asked: "How do knowledge. American studies has to States and therefore have only a ran• Tennessee Williams and Edward you know that the theme that you be shaped by indigenous academics. dom smattering of images of Ameri• Albee are very popular." picked to emphasize won't show a We can only support what is appro• can culture. The workshop also gives A Bangladesh scholar noted that one-sided view of America?" It was priate for them. They know better teachers a chance to re-connect, as it in his country, students are interested observed that the curriculum of than we do. They take the lead." were, with the United States where in the U.S. democratic system, espe• American studies in Korea has not many of them had once studied." cially in the checks and balances. In changed since 1957.

marine mineral resources in the Trust and affiliated Territories of the Pacific. Prin• cipal investigator, Allen L. Clark, Resource Systems Institute. ContractSyGrants&Gifts • $100,000 from the Ford Foundation for the Southeast Asian Universities Agroeco- systems Network. Principal investigator, A. Terry Rambo, Environment and Policy Contracts and grants received by the East-West Center from mid-October through Institute. mid-November were: • $54,847 from the U.S. Information Agency for a workshop for East Asian journal• • $5,000 from the State of Hawaii, Executive Office on Aging, for the U.S.-Japan ists. Principal investigator, Paul Clark, Institute of Culture and Communication. Conference on Aging. Principal investigator, Lee-Jay Cho, Population Institute. • $30,067 from Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc., for the testing of briquetted • $4,500 from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations for coal (lignite) fuel. Principal investigator, Richard Morse, Resource Systems preparation of case studies on community forestry. Principal investigator, Institute. Napoleon Vergara, Environment and Policy Institute. Donations received from national governments included: • $9,260.41 from the U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Ser• • $5,000 from the Ministry of Education, Republic of the Marshall Islands, for sup• vice, for an analysis of existing and future policy options for the development of port of the Pacific Islands Development Program. GenterWUS December 1985-January 1986 Page 5

ICC announces film journal said Wimal Dissanayake, who is nese Samurai films and Filipino action aging and supporting research on crea• editor-in-chief of the journal, which dramas. Chris Berry will discuss the tive work in the region." Numerous film journals discuss will be published twice a year. position of women in two comedy the films of Japan, India, China and "The need for a journal was genre examples from China. Seymor Australia, but seldom do they analyze strongly expressed by participants, par• Chatman discusses Anonioni, Dissana• films from the Asia-Pacific region. To ticularly from the Asia-Pacific region, at yake analyzes Satyajit Ray and Chariot fill that void, the Institute of Culture ICCs last two film symposia," added deals with Stanley Rubric. and Communication has announced Dissanayake, an ICC research associate "The film program of the institute that it will publish "East-West Film and assistant director of the institute. fulfills the East-West Center ideals of Journal" beginning in the spring of Research Associates Paul Clark and making our work relevant to the world 1986. John Chariot are co-editors. community," said ICC Director Mary "One of the objectives of this new The first issue will include essays Bitterman. "Moreover, our focus on journal is to provide a forum in which by Shao Mujun, Audie Bock and John cinema in the Pacific Basin draws on Asian films can be usefully introduced Tulloch on the state of film and televi• the special strengths of the Center as a to other Asian and to Western audi• sion industries in China, Japan and meeting ground for the cultures of this ences and where links can be forged Australia, respectively. Michio Tada crucially important area." among filmmakers and film students and Augustin Sotto analyze images of "We hope," she added, "to make a and scholars in the East and West," masculinity and social justice in Japa• contribution to film studies by encour• Parliamentarians study population issues, changes by Bryant Robey in cooperation with the National Public Affairs Director Assembly of the Kingdom of Thailand. lected officials of ASEAN (the "Thailand's experience in reducing Association of Southeast Asian fertility rates has been most impres• ENations) have an important role sive," Lee-Jay Cho, director of the East- to play in promoting national policies West Center's Population Institute, that include consideration of the long- told participants in Bangkok. Thailand term consequences of population is currently in its fifth five-year plan to change. reduce fertility levels, with a target of East-West Center degree participants, left, met with three Thai parliamentarians, from right, This is one of 15 recommenda• 1.5 percent population growth rate by Prasop Ratanakorn, Vira Ramyarupa and Pinich Chandrasurin during the Fifth Parliamentari• tions adopted following meetings of 1986. "The population program in ans Seminar. Prasop headed the delegation from Thailand and coordinated arrangements for the Thailand portion of the seminar. parliamentarians from the six ASEAN Thailand has been an integral part of nations and Japan, who gathered in national socioeconomic development currently practiced contraception or will rank 10th, 15th and 17th among Honolulu and Thailand Oct. 28 to since 1912," Prof. Vitoon Osatha- had practiced it. About 27 percent of the world's largest cities, she said. Nov. 8. This was the first year in nondh of Thailand's Ministry of Public families of reproductive age in Thai• "The trends of migration to cities which Brunei sent a participant. The Health told participants. land have been voluntarily sterilized." and emerging roles for women in Fifth Parliamentarians Seminar on "The percentage of positive atti• The Thailand portion of the semi• society make it important for parlia• Population, Resources and Develop• tudes toward contraception increased nar included field visits to Chon Buri mentarians to monitor the flow of ment was co-sponsored by the from 60 percent in 1970 to more than in the south and Chiang Mai in the both men and women into urban cen• Center's Population Institute and the 96 percent in 1981," he said. "By 1984, north to visit clinics, refugee resettle• ters to ensure that problems of unem• ASEAN Heads of Population Program about 82 percent of the population ment camps, rural development proj• ployment and social stress do not ects, and other programs. In Hono• become serious," was also among the lulu, the parliamentarians also recommendations adopted by confer• participated in the East-West Center's ence participants. 25th Anniversary Conference Qn The ASEAN delegates urged their ASEAN and the Pacific Basin (see countries not to become complacent separate story). about the improvements in health and Parliamentarians also discussed the declines in fertility and mortality such issues as the effects in ASEAN of that have already taken place but to demographic transition (the transition continue placing a high priority on from high to low birth rates and death population matters in their countries. rates), the economic consequences of Cho and Linda Martin, Popula• rapid population growth and urbani• tion Institute research associate, were zation. seminar coordinators. Heading the Mercedes Conception, a demogra• Thai delegation and arrangements for pher from the University of the Philip• the Thailand portion of the seminar pines, said that the population of was Prof. Prasop Ratanakorn, Asian cities is growing rapidly. By the chairman of the Senate Committee on Conference participants from the six ASEAN nations and Japan gathered in Honolulu at the East- West Center for part of the Fifth Parliamentarians Seminar on Population, Resources and year 2000, the capital cities of Indo• Welfare of Elderly and Social Develop• Development. nesia, the Philippines, and Thailand ment, National Assembly.

Vol. 3 No. 7 December 1985-January 1986 Researchers study Japan's refining industry, import policy CENTERVIEWS (ISSN 0746-1402) is published seven times a year by the Public Affairs Office of the East- study to evaluate Japan's refin• larger share of petroleum product ity and utilization, the result will be a West Center, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. It is sent without charge to readers interested ing industry and petroleum imports. To date, much of the analysis solution that is at least technically fea• in the Center. Second-class postage is paid at Aproject import strategies is of Japan's oil trade has been qualita• sible, Fesharaki said. Honolulu, Hawaii. being launched in the Resource Sys• tive and speculative. Lacking has been In addition, the refining model EDITOR: Sheryl Bryson (phone 808/944-7202) tems Institute. quantitative economic or political will allow an assessment of the eco• Written by the staff of the Public Affairs Office. "In view of the heated debate over justification either for the existing tariff nomic advantages of different import Japan's product import policy, we have structure or for any other import strategies and refinery additions to THE EAST-WEST CENTER is a public, non• launched a techno-economic study of option presented by Japan. Japan, he said. The model will assign profit educational institution with an interna• the Japanese petroleum industry to The East-West Center study will relative costs of crude and product tional board of governors. Some 2,000 research examine technically feasible options ' describe the dilemma that Japan faces acquisition, domestic refining and fellows, graduate students, and professionals in open to the Japanese refining indus• in selecting a more liberal product business and government each year work with processing operations, and proposed the Center's international staff in cooperative try," said Research Associate Fereidun import strategy, and it will propose a investments in refinery upgrading. study, training, and research. They examine Fesharaki, RSI energy program coordi• method of analysis to provide a tech• Identification of the different least- major issues related to population, resources nator. nically and economically sound basis cost options for Japan will have the and development, the environment, culture, to assess various combinations of and communication in Asia, the Pacific, and Lisa Totto is coordinator of the additional advantage of clarifying the the United States. study, which is part of the Asian crude oil and petroleum product more probable future events in the The Center was established in 1960 by the energy security project. imports. international oil arena. The study's U.S. Congress, which provides principal fund• Formulation of a new energy Construction of a linear program• aim, Fesharaki emphasized, is to ing. Support also comes from more than 20 policy is critically important to Japan ming model of Japan's refining capa• make useful policy recommendations Asian and Pacific governments, as well as pri• as well as to the international energy bility will set technical efficiency vate agencies and corporations. justified on both technical and eco• community, Fesharaki said. In Paris in parameters for meeting petroleum nomic grounds and tempered by a POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Center- views, East-West Center, 1777 East-West Road, July, under unanimous pressure from product demand by various crude view of global and national perspec• Honolulu, HI 96848. other International Energy Agency sources. By correctly incorporating the tives. members, Japan consented to accept a physical limitations on refining capac• Page 6 December 1985-January 1986 CentelvieWS

Christopher Gibbs, research associate, represented EAPI in October at an interna• tional workshop on watershed management in the Hindu Kush-Himalaya region. People Held in Chengdu, China, the workshop's purpose was to provide program plan• ning guidance for the newly created International Center for Integrated Mountain Institute of Culture and Communication Development (ICIMOD). Gibbs presented the findings of EAPI's 1985 workshop on integrated watershed management research for developing countries and gave a Robert Matthew, head of the Department of Japanese Language and Literature at paper on a framework for institutional and organizational research for watershed the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, joined ICC Nov. 30 for a one- management. He emphasized the differences between upland and lowland year fellowship. He plans to write a paper on literature and social change in Japan agricultural systems and the poor transferability of intensive lowland agricultural as part of the institute's humanities program and will complete two books on applications to the uplands. Japanese science fiction literature. He is on research leave from his university. Research Associate Napoleon Vergara recently gave a slide presentation and lec• In October, Research Associate Richard Brislin was a resource person for a USIA- ture on the practicability of agroforestry as a land-use system in fragile and margi• sponsored conference on international education programming in Wisconsin. In nal upland sites in Asian developing countries. He also discussed the potential of November he was a visiting professor of international studies at the University of agroforestry as a way to improve and maintain the productivity of subsistence Iowa, where he lectured and gave workshops. He also conducted workshops in farmers. Attending the session, sponsored by the Kokokahi World Hunger Mission international education at the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses of the Univer• of the United Church of Christ in Kaneohe, were leaders, volunteers and Asian sity of California. trainees of the World Hunger relief effort.

At the invitation of the Aspen Institute, Director Mary Bitterman served as a fel• G. Baarse and H. A. Pennekamp of the Delft Hydraulics Laboratory in the Neth• low at the First International Executives Seminar, held in Maryland in October. erlands visited with EAPI representatives in November to consult on developing a comprehensive framework of analysis for natural resources management in Four Australian poets gave readings of their works in November as part of ICC's developing countries. They also met with EAPI and RSI research staff members to humanities forum. Geoff Page, Pi O, John Scott and Joanne Burns were returning discuss Asia-Pacific resource management problems and issues involving forestry, fisheries, watershed management, and the economic and social-anthropological from a U.S. mainland-Canada tour sponsored by the Australia Council and the aspects as related to an overall conceptual framework for resource management. Australian Department of Foreign Affairs. Acting Director Maynard Hufschmidt and Research Associate Richard A. Car• penter coordinated the meetings. In November Syed Rahim, research associate, went to Madison, Wis., to present a paper on ICC's humanities research on images of the Bangladesh movement in Deyi Wu, sedimentologist from the Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelec• modern Bengali literature. He spoke at the 14th National Conference on South tric Power Research in Beijing, joined EAPI Nov. 25 for two weeks as a fellow. She Asia. will consult with EAPI staff on water resources management problems and issues Research Associate Meheroo Jussawalla was invited to present papers at three in China. She also worked with Research Associates John Dixon and Christopher November meetings. At a conference on international information economy held Gibbs, Research Fellow Larry Dale and Acting Director Maynard Hufschmidt to in Williamsburg, Va., she spoke on the application of new trade rules to intangible prepare a research design for a collaborative land-water management project on trade information services. At a conference on transborder data flows at the the North China Plain. University of Marburg in West Germany, she gave a paper on the institutional and In October Richard A. Carpenter, research associate, discussed EAPI's work on the conceptual framework for information trade. At the annual Communication Forum economics of sustainable development during a week-long conference on maris at the Research Institute for Telecommunications Economics in Tokyo, Jussawalla role in changing the global environment. Held in Venice, Italy, the conference spoke on the economics of orbital spectrum allocation. included environmental professionals from the United States and Europe. Car• penter, who chaired a session on environment and development, was invited by In October Greg Trifonovitch, research associate, spoke on the role of culture in the University of Venice, which sponsored his trip. Conference goals were to lead development at a meeting of World Vision International. At the ninth annual a changing emphasis from a local-regional to a global perspective on managing the meeting of Research Institutes Publishing Executives in Honolulu, he spoke on environment and to plan the establishment of the Global Environmental Research working in a multicultural environment, and at the annual conference of Job Organization, an international environmental studies center with headquarters in Corps staff, he talked on alcoholism and Micronesian youth. Venice. In Bangkok in October, Assistant Director Godwin Chu gave an opening address Population Institute to the International Symposium on an Asian Perspective of Communication The• ories, sponsored by the Asian Mass Communication Research and Information Fred Arnold, research associate, was in Bangkok in November and December to Centre and Thammasat University. advise the National Statistical Office on analyzing the results of the National Sur• vey of Population Change. Arnold's participation was requested by the NSO and Senior representatives of 15 Pacific island nations attended an August workshop the AID Mission in Bangkok. He also went to Bali in December to participate in on agricultural extension in the South Pacific, held in Apia, Western Samoa and the Conference on Urbanization and Urban Policies, which is co-sponsored by PI sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization, the School of Agriculture of and the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Population and Environment. the University of the South Pacific and the Institute for Research Extension and Training in Agriculture. ICC Research Associate George Beal led a workshop Lee-Jay Cho, director, and Linda Martin, research associate, were in Bangkok in based on the collaborative research of ICC and the International Center for November to coordinate the field trip of the Fifth Parliamentarians Seminar on National Agricultural Research, The Hague. The research was in cooperation with Population, Resources, and Development. Martin also went to Bangladesh to serve the governments of Fiji, Western Samoa, Tonga and Papua New Guinea. as consultant for the International Science and Technology Institute and review an Asia Foundation secondary school scholarship program for girls and its effects on Environment and Policy Institute fertility and labor force participation in Bangladesh.

In October Research Associate John Dixon traveled to Paris to attend a World Susan Palmore, adininisrrative officer, traveled to Bangkok in November to handle Bank/UNEP meeting on natural resource accounting. He made a presentation on a administrative and financial arrangements for the Fifth Parliamentarians Seminar manuscript being prepared for the Asian Development Bank. He continued to on Population, Resources, and Development. She went to Nepal to meet with field sites in India, Thailand and China to meet with authors who are preparing John Cool regarding the Pi's current agreement with AID and long-term planning case studies for the economics of dryland management project, a cooperative for AID work while in Nepal. She also met with staff members of USIA, USAID- Australia-EWC-UNEP activity. The case studies and executive and technical guide• Nepal and ICIMOD about Pi's current and prospective work in Nepal. She lines will be developed and disseminated at a series of workshops and conferences returned to Bangkok for follow-up work for the parliamentarians seminar and met during the next two years. with Terrence Tiffany and other USAID-Bangkok staff regarding the institute's Larry Dale joined EAPI in November work in Thailand. as a fellow. He will spend six months Research Associate Peter C. Smith traveled to Chicago in November to meet with assisting Acting Director Maynard Dennis Hogan and Aphichat Chamratrithirong on the research project on chang• Hufschmidt and Research Associates ing status of women and the life course. At the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, John Dixon and Christopher Gibbs in he met with staff at the Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies and the developing a proposal for collaborative Population Studies Center on the design of new projects. In January, he will travel research on land-water management to Tokyo to give a paper at the IUSSP Conference on Urbanization and Population on the North China Plain. Dale's work Dynamics in History. will include conducting background bibliographic research and formulating Kenneth White will join the Population Institute in December to update the a research design. Dale was previously statistical package SHAZAM and to install the package on the IBM-AT microcom• a resource economist with the PSW * puter. White is an associate professor in the economics department at the Univer• Forest and Range Experiment Station sity of British Columbia. White's fellowship ends Jan. 2. with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Murray Chapman, research associate, will be in Calcutta, India, in December to present an invited paper on cartographic transformations on mobility data and chair a session at the International Conference on Population Mapping, organized by the Government of India's Department of Science and Technology and the National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organization. As a member of the executive committee, Chapman will participate in planning sessions for the 1985-88 work program of the Commission on Population Geography, International Geographic Union. At Vista Bharati University in Santiniketan, India, he will act as a consul• tant to several field projects on seasonal sugar cane laborers which are currently underway. In Bangkok he will consult with officials of the International Develop• ment Research Centre project on movement of Thai contract workers to the Mid• Larry Dale dle East. CenteryitTOS December 1985-January 1986 Page 7

Resource Systems Institute and the claims made to the Honolulu Fire Claims Commission. Kaima, who is in the library archives department at the University of Papua New Guinea, has also During a November trip to China, David Fridley, research fellow, and Thomas been working at the Bishop Museum, helping staff identify photographs of the Wilson, OPEC downstream project member, conducted a training session on a Pacific region, learning skills to sort and inventory archives, and working on the linear programming package for use in refinery modeling for SINOPEC Research Bill Bryan forestry collection. Associate Fereidun Fesharaki, program coordinator, conducted a seminar on the regional oil market for SINOPEC and the Ministry of Petroleum. The group also In October Acting Director Te'o Fairbairn attended a two-day meeting in Sydney, met with representatives of the State Science and Technology Commission, the Australia, in connection with the National Centre for Development of Australian Energy Research Institute, the State Economics Commission and the State Plan• National University's islands/Australia research project. Participants discussed ning Commission. Fesharaki also spent two days in Hong Kong, where he met major issues and problems of Pacific islands development, and papers were read with oil company representatives operating in the Asia-Pacific region. on population trends, labor markets, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, tourism and telecommunications. While in Sydney, Fairbairn also met with officials from the Australian Development Assistance Bureau and the South Pacific Trade Commis• sion Office.

David Doulman, research fellow and leader of PIDP's tuna project, in November and December met with government officials in four countries to discuss PIDP's tuna project. He went to Australia to meet with researchers in the University of Sydney's transnational corporations project and then met with researchers from the University of New South Wales, which has fisheries projects in the Pacific. In Papua New Guinea, Doulman met with officials from the Department of Primary Industry, for which he is writing a national tuna plan. He also met with represen• tatives for the finance and the labor and industry departments to gather informa• tion for a project overview that PIDP is writing. In Honiara, Solomon Islands, he met with tuna cannery officials. In Fiji he met with officials of the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries and worked with U.N. Development Program staff to finalize project documentation releasing UNDP funds for PIDPs tuna research. Student Affairs and Open Grants

Alex BriUantes of the Philippines and Xiaogang Zhang of China recently repre• sented the East-West Center at a week-long international leadership workshop on government and foreign policy. Sponsored by the Foreign Student Service Council in Washington, DC, the meeting was attended by 20 outstanding foreign graduate students selected to participate. Dean Sumi Makey coordinated the EWC nomina• tions. BriUantes is a doctoral student in political science and Zhang is studying for a master's degree in political science.

Four degree students were recently awarded Centerwide conference scholarships for travel to present papers at professional meetings. Ram Chhetri, Population Augustine Tan Institute degree student from Nepal, attended the 14th annual conference on South Asia at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in November. At the end of Joining RSI in November for a two-month fellowship was Augustine Tan, who is October, Abu Muhammad Zakir Hussain, Open Grants student from Ban• helping to identify and develop research projects that address economic issues and gladesh, went to the 27th annual meeting of the Japanese Society of Tropical problems in the Asian region. He also will meet with the development policy pro• Medicine. Abdul Rashid, RSI student from Pakistan, will go to Chicago, El., for gram staff about current research activities in that area. Tan is an associate profes• the annual meeting of the American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science the sor in the Department of Economics and Statistics at the National University of first week of December. At the end of December, Terrence Barry, an Open Grants Singapore. student from the United States, will travel to Baltimore, Md., to attend the annual meeting of the American Society of Zoologists. The next deadline for scholarship Director Seiji Naya participated in November in a Charlottesville, Va., conference competition is in January. on India and Pakistan and met with officials at the World Bank in Washington, DC Ali Imran Afaqi, program officer at the U.S. Educational Foundation and EWC program representative in Pakistan, recently spent a week at the East-West Center In November, Jon Van Dyke joined Research Associates Charles Johnson and for intensive orientation training. He met with Center staff and faculty and staff Allen Clark in the Resource Systems Institute to work on jurisdictional issues from the University of Hawaii and also gave a seminar of the development of related to marine minerals in the exclusive economic zones of the Pacific island higher education in Pakistan and issues relating to EWC programs. He also met entities in the U.S. political community. Van Dyke, who will continue his work on with Pakistani students. legal issues related to ocean disposal of nuclear wastes, is coordinating a January 1986 workshop on international navigation. He continues to teach international law and constitutional law at the William S. Richardson School of Law.

Clarita Barretto, a technical assistant in the Economic Office of the Asian Develop• ment Bank in Manila, joined RSI in October for a one-year fellowship. She is working with the development policy program staff, investigating issues of Asian developing countries in the areas of trade, investment and economic development.

Kerstin Johnson, research fellow, is spending three months in Bhutan providing technical support to the rural energy planning studies sub-focal agency and field research team. Based in Paro, Johnson also will travel to Thailand and Bangladesh. She will meet with a project team at Chulalongkorn University Social Research Institute and assist in preparing and finalizing research plans for the Bangladesh and Bhutan rural energy studies research teams. She will return in February. Pacific Islands Development Program

Sam Kaima, a professional associate with PIDP's faculty development program, is Forrest Hooper working primarily at the Hawaii State Archives assisting staff members in setting up an inventory of archive materials on the settlement of Wahiawa and its relation• Hooper's art exhibited in PIDP lobby ship to the pineapple industry and materials on Honolulu's 1900 Chinatown fire In cooperation with the Institute ronment and Policy Institute. His pho• of Culture and Communication, the tographs have been published in Pacific Islands Development Program National Geographic and Sports Illus• is featuring almost 40 works of art in trated, for which he also has authored the PIDP lobby area. The paintings feature stories. and photographs are by Forrest A Hawaii resident since 1975, Hooper, who is the secretary to PIDP's Hooper's works are in the corporate tuna project. collections of Xerox, Pentel, IBM and Hooper has worked primarily in Crayola. President and Mrs. Ronald watercolor, acrylics and crayon. A self- Reagan also own several of his paint• taught artist who began painting in ings, including one of a ranch scene 1953, he has had eight solo exhibitions near Hana, Maui, that resembles the in Hawaii, New York, Michigan and Reagan ranch in California. California. Subjects for his works Trained as a concert pianist, include Mexico, Yugoslavia, Thailand, Hooper now spends about three Indonesia and the United States. hours a day practicing his music and He painted full-time until two plans someday to return to the con• Sam Kaima years ago when he joined the Envi• cert circuit. Page 8 December 1985-January 1986 Centm'ifcTOS

Asia-Pacific report due in 1986 review of the major developments that Research Associate John Dixon; Popu• minerals and fuels. A final chapter have occurred over the previous quar• lation Institute Research Associate looks at the future of the region. The East-West Center will publish ter-century in the region, and it exam• Andrew Mason, RSI Fellows Shelley The report, approximately 175 in January its first "Asia-Pacific Re• ines the trends, issues, and challenges Mark and Charles Morrison and Re• pages long, contains 25 tables, 11 port." The report, subtitled, "Trends, that will be critical to the region's search Associate Sam Pintz. Charles figures, two maps and 24 boxes high• Issues, Challenges," establishes some future and to its relations with the Morrison was volume editor. lighting special topics or examples baselines for the Asia-Pacific region's United States. Part I of the report looks at the from the region. It may be purchased development and identifies critical Seiji Naya, director of the Re• political and economic context of the for US$10 from the Order Depart• issues that will form a major part of source Systems Institute, conceived region, with chapters on domestic ment, East-West Center, 1777 East-West the policymaking and policy research the idea for the report. He said the politics and international relations and Road, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA 96848. agenda in the region in the years Center's long-standing expertise in on the region's developing economies. ahead, said Center President Victor Asian and Pacific affairs and its Part II looks at selected topics of Hao Li. Future Asia-Pacific reports experience in policy development concern in the region, including the will examine some of these critical made it an ideal institution to under• relationship between the Asia-Pacific issues in depth. take a project such as this. region and the world ecorv ny popu• This first report was initiated to Naya guided the research and lation trends and demographic mark the occasion of the Center's 25th writing of the report. Contributors change, the challenge of sustaining anniversary in 1985. It includes a were Environment and Policy Institute renewable resources, and the future of

Musa notes ASEAN's importance in strengthening economic cooperation

(continued from page 1) progress, interdependence and nomic cooperation and economic rela• WW mutual interests. tions among the present ASEAN 9 • Fostered a sturdy structure of member states would have been much confidence, trust, and goodwill more narrow and much more among the ASEAN six. shallow." • Resolved conflicts without caus• Regarding the place of ASEAN in ing damaging disputes. the wider Pacific community, Musa • Established fundamental ground said greater pan-Pacific cooperation is rules for dealing with each other, inevitable, but that it is "absolutely including the principles of strict premature to be thinking of a single, noninterference in each other's inter• overarching organization or institution nal affairs and respect for each other's for the Pacific. The problems of mem• independence. bership, purpose and value are over• ASEAN also has contributed to whelming," he said. economic cooperation in the region in "As the ASEAN experience has several ways, Musa said. The area shown, there is need to understand "has been a magnet for foreign invest• the virtues of structural ambiguity." ment over the years," he said, and Musa said that in pushing the although trade among the ASEAN process of greater pan-Pacific coopera• states amounts to only about 19 per• tion, "We must not only be pragmatic cent of the nations' trade with the and flexible but also patient." Michael Ewing, an ICC degree participant, performed a Topeng Babakan mask dance during a outside world, "there is no doubt in November performance featuring Wayang Golek, a wooden puppet show, and Budi Daya, a game- my mind that without ASEAN, eco• Ian orchestra. The performance was part of the Performing Arts Series.

nomic reintegration of returning workers. Sponsored by EWC. EWC coordinator: Fred EWCalendar Arnold. Calendar listings reflect events scheduled as of early December and represent only a portion January 6-10. Agroecosystem Analysis Workshop. Khon Kaen, Thailand. SUAN of programmed Center activities. As events are subject to change, please consult the EWC scientists and representatives ofnatioml rural resource research and development agencies sponsor for details. from Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines and China will develop an analytical framework for doing comparative case studies on Asian agroecosystems. Co-sponsored by EAPI and November 30-December 7. Fifth Hawaii International Film Festival. Various loca• SUAN. EWC coordinators: A. Terry Rambo and Terd Charoenwatana. tions. Festival to promote understanding among the people of the region by providing insight into cross-cultural and humanities issues related to the theme, When Strangers January 6-24. Movement Dynamics Through Time. EWC. Workshop to examine the Meet. Co-sponsored by the EWC, government organizations, businesses and complementary coyitribution of scientific and humanist approaches to changes in mobility individuals. EWC coordinator: Jeannette Paulson. behavior over time. Sponsored by PI. EWC coordinator: Murray Chapman.

December 9-13. Conference on Urbanization and Urban Policies. Bali, Indonesia. January 8-10. Senior Editors' Conference on Pacific Basin News Issues of the 1980s. Conference to review lessons based on the experiences of Southeast and East Asian countries EWC. Editors from the United States and Pacific Basin countries will meet to exchange in the areas of urban policy formulation and implementation, regional groivth center poli• views and be briefed on major regional news issues. Sponsored by ICC. EWC coordina• cies, rural-urban employment linkages, and urban management issues and to consider the tor: Robert Hewett. implications for urban policy in Indonesia. Sponsored by PI. EWC coordinators: Roland Fuchs and Fred Arnold. January 8-10. Roles of Business and Government in Improving Environmental and Resource Management in Asia-Pacific Region. Bangkok, Thailand. Workshop will December 11-15. Access, Equity and Collaboration in East-West Scholarly focus on the perspectives of business and government on their experiences, problems and Exchange. EWC. Government officials and university scholars from Southeast Asia and performances. Sponsored by EAPI. EWC coordinator: Richard Carpenter. the United States will meet to discuss problems and prospects for improving the access of foreign scholars to overseas research sites and the distribution of benefits from collaborative January 13-15. Law of the Sea Institute Workshop on International Navigation. research arising from East-West scholarly exchange. Co-sponsored by SAOG, USIA and EWC. International scholars, government officials and business sector representatives will the Ford Foundation. EWC coordinator: Glenn Shive. discuss sea line communication, routes, international straits, territorial claims, environmen• tal protection and safety and possible solutions to conflicts. Co-sponsored by Law of the December 13-February 12. Culture and Health Curriculum Development: Dis• Sea Institute and EWC. EWC coordinator: Jon Van Dyke. semination Workshop. EWC. Faculty from Udayana University, Bali, will meet with participating researchers to prepare an evaluation report on curriculum for training health January 16-25. Telecommunications in Korea. EWC. Korean and American telecommu• students in sociocultural approaches. Co-sponsored by ICC and the Ford Foundation, nications specialists will draw up a research program to assess the needs for telecommunica• Indonesia. EWC coordinator: Geoffrey White. tion services and plan for effective use of the Korean satellite to improve urban-rural commu• nications. Sponsored by ICC. EWC coordinator: Godwin Chu. January 6-10. Comparative Studies of Utility Management Modernization in ASEAN and Northeast Asian Countries. EWC. Working group meeting to discuss January 19-February 8. Workshop/Internship for ASEAN/East-Asian Journalists. generation technology and fuel economics, evolution of management rationalization and EWC. journalists from the ASEAN and other East Asian nations will develop journalistic international comparisons of utility management efficiency. Sponsored by RSI. EWC skills and study economics and development issues of the region. Sponsored by ICC. coordinators: Abdul Kadir and Yoon-Hyung Kim. EWC coordinator: Paul Clark.

January 6-10. Asian Labor Migration Workshop. EWC. Workshop to design a new January 20-26. Regional Seminar on the Use of Rural Health Services. Manila, project on the economic consequences of labor migration to the Middle East for the labor- Philippines. Government officials will meet to assess rural health services in Asia and to exporting countries of Asia; the project will analyze the impact of overseas workers' remit• contribute to their improved use and effectiveness. Co-sponsored by PI and the Asian tances on domestic output, employment and investment and will examine the process of eco• Development Bank. EWC coordinators: Chai-Bin Park and Andrew Mason.