December 1985-January 1986 Vol. 3, No. 7 HE East-West Center 1777 East-West Road Honolulu, HI 96848 Ceniewiews China's fertility survey is discussed at Energy conservation is studied in ASEAN and Japanese parliamentar• Beijing conference. See page 3. Japan seminar. See page 4. ians meet here for Fifth Parliamentar• Inside... ians Seminar. See page 5. Two agreements are signed between Asian professors look at American the East-West Center and China. See studies programs. See page 4. Travels and accomplishments of Film festival awards to be announced pages 2 and 3. Center staff and participants are Dec. 7. See page 2. RSI begins a major new energy study. reported in People. See pages 6 and 7. See page 5. Malaysian official praises ASEAN spirit By Sheryl Bryson retard or jeopardize the development gained independence in 1984. Centerviews Editor of the ASEAN spirit, the ASEAN pro• Musa said the political-internal cess, the ASEAN concert, the ASEAN contributions that ASEAN has made he creation of an area of amity sense of community and ASEAN as to the region are its greatest. He said has been the supreme achive- an organization." ASEAN has: Tment of the Association of Noting that for ASEAN, the possi• . Prevented the rise of a sense of Southeast Asian Nations, the deputy bilities are "even richer and more pro• isolation among its member nations. prime minister of Malaysia said in a found than the already considerable • Given member nations the psy• speech at the East-West Center in late success it has achieved," Musa said chological self-confidence to prevent October. Dato Musa Hitam told an "there is nothing in the world today them from suffering from the corrup• audience of about 350 that this that justifies the sacrifice of ASEAN tion that comes from a feeling of achievement is one that the nations of and the sacrifice of ASEAN's further powerlessness. ASEAN "must be prepared to fight to development." • Been able to arrive at mature maintain." Without ASEAN, which was positions, actions and policies within Musa was the keynote speaker of formed in 1967, Southeast Asia would a multilateral framework, with all its the East-West Center's 25th Anniver• be a different place today, he said. checks and balances. sary Conference on ASEAN and the ASEAN includes six members: • Created a sense of community, Pacific Basin. Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the with a belief in partnership for He said it is "absolutely essential Philippines, Indonesia and Brunei, Dato Musa Hitam that nothing come to pass that will which joined the organization when it (continued on page 8) Anniversary conference explores consequences of development, change By Keith Lorenz tectionism. "The cost of a protectionist development in the world today con• complementation schemes should be News Writer approach for settling trade imbalances tains a built-in bias toward a competi• relegated to the dust bin." between the United States and Japan tive advantage for ASEAN, he He noted that Malaysia has not uture directions of Southeast will be very high for ASEAN," Naya observed. opted for its own heavy industrial Asian nations within the larger said. "Not only will their exports to "We are now entering the second development. It has placed more Fcontext of the Pacific were the the United States be restricted, but phase of import substitution and are importance on bilateral economic focus of the East-West Center's 25th their exports to Japan would also more resource-based in industry" the cooperation than regional, as wit• Anniversary Conference on ASEAN probably decrease as the pressure on Thai economist said. Many of nessed by its interest in the manufac• and the Pacific Basin in late October. Japan to open its markets disappears. ASEAN's exports are now up to the ture of aircraft with Indonesia and The keynote speaker on Oct. 29, ASEAN countries must use their same quality of the so-called NICs automobile parts with Thailand. Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia political unity to oppose protectionism (newly industrialized countries of Gungwu Wang, professor of far Dato Musa Hitam, praised the and get a better deal from Japan." South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong) eastern history at the Australian accomplishments of ASEAN, but he Speaking on ASEAN's economic but that the group's exports would National University, Canberra, noted that the six Southeast Asian cooperation, Narongchai Akrasanee, profit by more diversification. referred to the rights of ethnic minori• allies do not now seek to weaken their of the Industrial Finance Cooperation Taking a somewhat pessimistic ties in Asia, and said human rights, alliance by joining a still somewhat of Thailand, noted that the success of view, a Malaysian economist, Peng Lim which have become an "interven• nebulous, larger Pacific community to the group's industrial complementa• Chee, who is a transnational corpora• tionist phenomenon," were faring bet• the detriment of their own mutual tion scheme was less than expected. tions officer with ESCAP in Bangkok, ter in Asia than in many other parts of progress and cohesion. He asked, rhetorically, whether said, "ASEAN's economic cooperation the world. For three days, experts focused on ASEAN is really ready for economic has made no significant contribution East-West Center President Victor the social, political, demographic, stra• cooperation in the future, although to Malaysia's economic development Hao Li delivered the opening remarks tegic and economic consequences of the need remains. The technological in the last 20 years and its industrial at the ASEAN conference and also development and change in the closed the meeting by leading a dis• region. cussion on ASEAN, the East-West In a paper on regional order and Center and the future. He asked, political development, Jusuf Wanandi, "How many barriers are cultural?" He head of Indonesia's Center for Stra• added, "In the long run, we have to tegic and International Studies and a understand the reasons behind our member of the East-West Center's differences. We don't always need to Board of Governors, noted that while agree, but we do need to deepen our political development in the ASEAN understanding of each other." countries has been positive thus far, He said the national capacity of governments must gear up more for the United States to deal with Asia the basic needs of the people. remains quite low because there are "The emerging middle classes are still not enough Americans studying no longer satisfied with physical and that region. 'We have our share of the material developments alone and men and women of the new Pacific, demand higher quality of life, which, but on the whole they have not yet inter alia, implies greater political reached the higher levels of govern• rights, greater participation in the for• ment offices and corporate board• mulation of development policies and rooms. Equally important, the knowl• judicial warrant," Wanandi said. edge possessed by these persons has Seiji Naya, director of the Center's not yet moved out into the larger soci• Resource Systems Institute, addressed ety," Li said. the delicate issue of growing U.S. pro• Flags of the six ASEAN countries flank the ASEAN symbol. Page 2 December 1985-January 1986 CenteTOfUS Special issue highlights Pacific movement of people may be seen as Congress in New Zealand, are part of Zealand, in association with the East- expressing personal and collective a dialogue between humanist and West Center and the Institute of The East-West Center's Murray identity, defined here in deliberately scientific thinkers on the links Pacific Studies, the University of the Chapman, a research associate in the broad terms to encompass various between the movements of people South Pacific. Population Institute, is the guest edi• senses of belonging on the part of the and their collective and personal iden• tor of a recently published special individual, small group, nation, and tities. issue of the journal, "Pacific View• wider region," Chapman said. This The 371-page special issue, availa• point." "Mobility and Identity in the brings up some key questions, he ble as a book, is divided into sections Island Pacific" is the title of the special said, including whether the links on themes, experiences and perspec• issue. As Chapman points out in his between mobility and policy have tives on mobility and identity in the introduction to this collection of 15 been considered in too simple a form. island Pacific. The book may be papers, advances have been made Why not focus on the concept of iden• ordered for $19 from the Information since the mid-1970s in understanding tity when considering theories of and Publications Section, Victoria the movement of people in Third mobility, and beyond that, to their University of Wellington, Private Bag, World societies, but theory about practical implications, Chapman asks. Wellington, New Zealand. It is pub• where, how and why people move The 15 papers, revisions of all but lished by the Department of Geogra• has not advanced to the same degree. one presented and discussed at a 1983 phy and Victoria University Press, Vic• "Conceived most abstractly, the session of the 15th Pacific Science toria, University of Wellington, New Six international films nominated for award he Hawaii International Film adrift in the troubled currents of the tor Juzo Itami, Japan) probes the vital• Festival, sponsored by the Cultural Revolution. ity of rituals and family life with dead• TInstitute of Culture and Com• The 1985 award will be presented pan humor; "The Mirage" (director Pulitzer Prize and is still the only film munication, was founded to promote at a benefit reception between 6:30 Nirad Mahapatra, India) chronicles critic to be so honored.