DOCSLIB.ORG

Handbook of Style and Usage 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Handbook of Style and Usage 2017 infrastructure multisector transparency stakeholders forecast s energy poverty housing growth accountability future capacity t floods training information procurement framework villages support trends program theme integration investment t health farm output communication equity nonsovereign public government l macroeconomic consultation projec resilience impact collaboration safeguards gran outcome strategy population emerging transport olar s community rura successful t land trade s equitability development socioeconomic guarantee por Pacific sovereign schools region road displacement partnership skills s industry reform catalyst Asia change effectiveness gender cofinancing progress policy k e result technology potential oversight water mission cities rail operations ficiency better connectivity contribution finance valu budget knowledge ef potential governance people ban stronger education climate HANDBOOK OF goals transformation STYLE and government USAGE jobs 2017 EDITION microfinance employment audit economy livelihood convergence n cooperation sustainability loan environment inclusiveness urba agriculture faster assistance ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK HANDBOOK OF STYLE and USAGE 2017 EDITION ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK If language is not correct, then what is said is not what is meant; if what is said is not what is meant, then what ought to be done remains undone… —Confucius Contents Sources of ADB Style .................................................................................................. ix Clear Writing ................................................................................................................ x Abbreviations............................................................................................................... 1 When and How to Abbreviate ............................................................................... 1 Abbreviations List ................................................................................................. 2 Abbreviations That Should Be Treated as Names of Organizations ..................... 2 Abbreviations That Should Not Be Spelled Out .................................................... 3 ADB Abbreviations ................................................................................................ 4 ADB Member Names ............................................................................................ 4 Ampersands in Abbreviations ............................................................................... 4 Articles and Abbreviations .................................................................................... 5 Boxes .................................................................................................................... 6 Capitalization ........................................................................................................ 6 Education Degrees ............................................................................................... 7 Figures .................................................................................................................. 7 Five-Year Plans ..................................................................................................... 7 Footnotes .............................................................................................................. 7 Governments ........................................................................................................ 8 Headings and Titles .............................................................................................. 8 Non-English Terms ................................................................................................ 8 Plurals ................................................................................................................... 9 Possessives .......................................................................................................... 9 Punctuation ........................................................................................................... 10 Quarters ................................................................................................................ 10 Special Drawing Rights ......................................................................................... 11 Tables ................................................................................................................... 11 Technical Assistance ............................................................................................. 12 Two-Letter Abbreviations ...................................................................................... 12 ADB Member Names ................................................................................................... 13 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ 13 Lists ...................................................................................................................... 13 Plural Names ........................................................................................................ 14 Adjectives..................................................................................................................... 14 Nouns Used as Adjectives .................................................................................... 14 “Sector” ................................................................................................................. 15 Appendixes .................................................................................................................. 15 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ 15 Citing in Text ......................................................................................................... 16 Headings ............................................................................................................... 16 iii Page Numbering ................................................................................................... 16 Paragraph Numbering .......................................................................................... 17 Supplementary Material ........................................................................................ 17 Tables and Figures ............................................................................................... 17 Title ....................................................................................................................... 17 Articles ......................................................................................................................... 17 Boxes ............................................................................................................................ 18 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ 18 Format .................................................................................................................. 18 Labeling ................................................................................................................ 18 Length ................................................................................................................... 19 Notes and Explanatory Material ............................................................................ 19 Tables and Figures ............................................................................................... 19 Brand Names ............................................................................................................... 19 Capitalization ............................................................................................................... 20 ADB Organizational Terms .................................................................................... 20 Common Terms Used in ADB ............................................................................... 20 Constitutions ......................................................................................................... 23 Education Degrees ............................................................................................... 23 Ethnic Groups ....................................................................................................... 23 Geographic Names ............................................................................................... 24 Government .......................................................................................................... 25 Meetings, Conferences, and Forums .................................................................... 25 Ministries, Departments, and Other Government Bodies ..................................... 26 Missions ................................................................................................................ 27 Organizations ........................................................................................................ 27 Parts of a Document or Publication ...................................................................... 28 Plans, Policies, Strategies, and Laws ................................................................... 28 Professional Titles ................................................................................................. 31 Projects, Programs, Components, and Outputs ..................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Transition Management Explained
    Transition Management Explained INVESTED. TOGETHER.™ Contents 1. Introduction page 3 2. What is transition management? page 4 The transition manager 3. Is using a transition manager right for you? page 5 What are the potential benefits of working with a transition manager? Other potential benefits What are the drawbacks for working with a transition manager? Should we employ a transition manager for every transition event? Can our in-house team manage the transition? Should our outgoing manager transition the assets? Can our incoming manager do the job for us? Should we allow our investment consultant to manage transitions? Should we use a transition manager when funding from or into cash (i.e., for “one-sided events”)? 4. Transition costs page 10 Explicit costs Implicit costs 5. Transition risks page 12 Financial risks Operational risks 6. Minimizing costs and risks page 13 Minimizing explicit costs Minimizing spread and market impact Managing opportunity cost Minimizing operational risks 7. The life cycle of a transition page 17 Stage 1 – Pre-execution (planning) Stage 2 – Execution Stage 3 – Post-execution (reporting) 8. Choosing the right transition manager for you page 19 Don’t focus on brokerage commission alone Guidelines for choosing a transition manager 9. Glossary page 23 Russell Investments // Transition Management Explained 1 Introduction Interest in transition management (TM) has been rising in recent times, thanks to two driving factors. First, in a tough market environment where every basis point counts, TM can represent a significant source of cost savings and can positively contribute to total portfolio returns. Second, recent news coverage on lack of transparency and the departure of some providers from the marketplace has turned the investment spotlight back on this industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Markit Credit Default Swap Calculator User Guide
    Markit Credit Default Swap Calculator User Guide November 2010 Markit Credit Default Swap Calculator User Guide Strictly private and confidential Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Instruments Covered .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Functionality Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 3 CDS Reference Entity and Contract Terms ............................................................................................................... 3 Credit Curve ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Calculation Results and Details .................................................................................................................................. 3 Yield Curve ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Accessing the Calculator ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Quick Start ....................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Asset-Liability Management: Theory, Practice, Implementation, and the Role of Judgment John R
    REPORT Asset-Liability Management: Theory, Practice, Implementation, and the Role of Judgment John R. Brick, Brick & Associates, Inc. Foreword by Harold M. Sollenberger, Professor Emeritus, Michigan State University Acknowledgments Most research involves the collective efforts of numerous individuals who should be rec- ognized. This report is no exception. First, Ben Rogers of the Filene Research Institute was instrumental in encouraging me to weave the various components of a complex topic— asset-liability management—together into a single readable and reasonably comprehen- sive source. Ben’s goal was to meet what he correctly perceived as a pressing educational need in light of new regulations, one of which requires a certain level of financial knowledge for directors. To lay the groundwork for this research, the staff at Brick & Associates, Inc., conducted numerous risk assessments and analyses of the savings and loan (S&L) industry as it existed in the late 1970s, just prior to its col- lapse due to rising interest rates in the early 1980s. This analytical work was followed up continually with helpful comments, sugges- tions, and criticism of the many drafts and earlier research underlying the report. I am most grateful to Krista Heyer, Kerry Brick Zsigo, Bridget Balesky, and Jeff Brick for their insight and significant contribution to the literature on interest rate risk management. Finally, the comments and suggestions of the Filene reviewers and editors took the report to yet another level, for which I am also grateful. Filene thanks its generous supporters for making this important research possible. ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT: THEORY, PRACTICE, IMPLEMENTATION AND THE ROLE OF JUDGMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS (Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations in Asia and the Pacific the Adb Experience
    MAPPING FRAGILE AND CONFLICT-AFFECTED SITUATIONS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC THE ADB EXPERIENCE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK MAPPING FRAGILE AND CONFLICT-AFFECTED SITUATIONS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC THE ADB EXPERIENCE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-647-9 (Print), 978-92-9257-648-6 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168514-2 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Mapping fragile and conflict-affected situations in Asia and the Pacific: The ADB experience. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Fragile and conflict-affected situations. 2. Asia and the Pacific. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 144.74 KB
    Technical Assistance Report Project Number: 39309 September 2006 Technical Training and Capacity Building for Selected ASEAN+3 Countries on Regional Economic and Financial Monitoring (Financed by People’s Republic of China Regional Cooperation and Poverty Reduction Fund and the Japan Special Fund) ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN+3 _ Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus People’s Republic of China, Japan, and Republic of Korea EWS – early warning system FMP – Finance Ministers’ Process IMF – International Monetary Fund NSU – national surveillance unit OREI – Office of Regional Economic Integration PRC – People’s Republic of China REFM – regional economic and financial monitoring TA – technical assistance VIEWS – Vulnerability Indicators and Early Warning Systems TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CLASSIFICATION Targeting Classification – General intervention Sector – Law, economic management, and public policy Subsector – Economic management Themes – Capacity development, sustainable economic growth, regional cooperation Subtheme – Organizational development, promoting macroeconomic stability NOTE In this report, “$” refers to US dollars. Head M. Kawai, Head, Office of Regional Economic Integration (OREI) Director S. Madhur, Director, OREI Team leader G. Capannelli, Senior Economist, OREI Team member J. Duque, Economics Officer, OREI I. INTRODUCTION 1. Following the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis, finance ministers of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus Japan, People’s Republic of China (PRC), and Republic of Korea (ASEAN+3) established economic review and policy dialogue to discuss regularly and exchange views on macroeconomic developments and policy issues in the ASEAN+3 region and individual member countries. They requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to provide technical assistance (TA) to strengthen the capacity of national and regional institutions involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Asian Water Development Outlook 2020 Advancing Water Security Across Asia and the Pacific
    Asian Water Development Outlook Advancing Water Security across Asia and the Pacifi c The Asian Water Development Outlook (AWDO) assesses national water security across Asia and the Pacifi c, focusing on fi ve key dimensions: rural, economic, urban, environmental, and water-related disaster. Despite considerable achievements in Asia and the Pacifi c since the AWDO edition, . billion people in rural areas and . billion in urban areas still lack adequate water supply and sanitation. Sound water management and access to reliable service delivery remain vital to inclusive economic growth and social well-being, especially after the coronavirus disease (COVID-) pandemic. This edition includes two new sections highlighting the importance of fi nance and governance to water security as well as case studies demonstrating how the AWDO has infl uenced policy development in four countries. About the Asian Development Bank ADB is committed to achieving a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia and the Pacifi c, while sustaining its e orts to eradicate extreme poverty. Established in , it is owned by members — from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance. ASIAN WATER DEVELOPMENT OUTLOOK ADVANCING WATER SECURITY ACROSS ASIA AND THE PACIFIC DECEMBER ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK www.adb.org ASIAN WATER DEVELOPMENT OUTLook 2020 ADVANCING WATER SECURITY ACROSS ASIA AND THE PACIFIC DECEMBER 2020 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2020 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 8632 4444; Fax +63 2 8636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Banking on the Future of Asia and the Pacific the and Asia Future of the on Banking
    BANKING ON THE FUTURE OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Banking on the Future of Asia and the Pacifi c 50 Years of the Asian Development Bank This book is a history of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), a multilateral development bank established 50 years ago to serve Asia and the Pacifi c. Focusing on the region’s BANK DEVELOPMENT YEARS OF THE ASIAN economic development, the evolution of the international development agenda, and the story of ADB itself, Banking on the Future of Asia and the Pacifi c raises several key questions: What are the outstanding features of regional development to which ADB had to respond? How has the bank grown and evolved in changing circumstances? How did ADB’s successive leaders promote reforms while preserving continuity with the e orts of their predecessors? ADB has played an important role in the transformation of Asia and the Pacifi c over the past 50 years. As ADB continues to evolve and adapt to the region’s changing development landscape, the experiences highlighted in this book can provide valuable insight on how best to serve Asia and the Pacifi c in the future. Peter McCawley Peter “ADB is a child of genuine aspiration by people across BANKING ON the region and the establishment of ADB represents the spirit of regional cooperation.” THE FUTURE OF ASIA ADB President Takehiko Nakao AND THE PACIFIC YEARS OF THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Peter McCawley ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines www.adb.org ADB@50 History Book_COVER 6x9 - 2.6 cm spine.indd 1 6/15/2017 1:45:13 PM BANKING ON THE FUTURE OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 50 YEARS OF THE ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Peter McCawley © 2017 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank: Should Asia Have Both? ADBI Working Paper 385
    ADBI Working Paper Series The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank: Should Asia Have Both? Vikram Nehru No. 385 October 2012 Asian Development Bank Institute Vikram Nehru is senior associate and Bakrie Chair in Southeast Asian Studies, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (and previously chief economist for East Asia and the Pacific at the World Bank). The author benefitted from comments by participants at the RSIS/ADBI Conference on The Evolving Global Architecture: From a Centralized to a Decentralized System, held in Singapore on 26–27 March 2012. All errors, however, remain solely the author’s responsibility. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, the ADB, its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. ADBI encourages readers to post their comments on the main page for each working paper (given in the citation below). Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. Suggested citation: Nehru, V. 2012. The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank: Should Asia Have Both? ADBI Working Paper 385. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • ASEAN 2030 Toward a Borderless Economic Community ASEAN 2030 Toward a Borderless Economic Community
    ASEAN 2030 Toward a Borderless Economic Community ASEAN 2030 Toward a Borderless Economic Community Asian Development Bank Institute © 2014 Asian Development Bank Institute All rights reserved. Published 2014. Printed in Japan. Printed using vegetable oil-based inks on recycled paper; manufactured through a totally chlorine-free process. ISBN 978-4-89974-051-3 (Print) ISBN 978-4-89974-052-0 (PDF) The views in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), its Advisory Council, ADB’s Board of Governors, or the governments of ADB members. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” or other geographical names in this publication, ADBI does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works without the express, written consent of ADBI. Asian Development Bank Institute Kasumigaseki Building 8F 3-2-5, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 100-6008, Japan www.adbi.org Contents List of Boxes, Figures, and Tables v Foreword ix Acknowledgments xi About the Study xiii Abbreviations xv Executive Summary xix Chapter 1: ASEAN Today 1 1.1 Evolution of Economic Cooperation 4 1.2 Global and Regional Economic Context 11 1.3 Progress of the ASEAN Economic Community
    [Show full text]
  • South-South Economic Cooperation: Motives, Problems and Possibilities
    SOUTH-SOUTH ECONOMIC COOPERATION: MOTIVES, PROBLEMS AND POSSIBILITIES Amitava Krishna Dutt Department of Political Science University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA [email protected] December 2013 Over the last fifty years or so, and especially in the last decade or so, calls for increases in South- South economic cooperation and interaction have intensified with a view to promoting Southern development. This paper examines the main motives behind this call and the analytical approaches underlying them, discusses whether recent trends in South-South interaction have fulfilled the expectations of its advocates, and explores the possibilities that exist for increasing such cooperation and interaction for Southern development. Prepared for presentation at an URPE session on South-South economic integration and development at the ASSA meetings in Philadelphia, January 4, 2014. 0 1. Introduction Calls for greater South-South economic cooperation leading to more economic interaction between less- developed countries (which are collectively called the South) in trade, capital movements, technology transfers, and other spheres, have a fairly long history. Ever since the independence of many Southern countries, and the growing recognition that trade with more-developed countries, the North, South-South trade was advocated by many scholars and policymakers focused on Southern development. Recently there have been renewed calls for greater South-South cooperation and interaction, especially through the promotion of South-South trade and capital flows (see, for instance, Asian Development Bank, 2011, Thrasher and Najam, 2012). A great deal of effort has been expended by Southern countries to increase South-South interaction, with Southern governments playing an important role in promoting regional integration within the South.
    [Show full text]
  • Further Evidence on Treasury Bill Market Segmentation In
    Journal of Banking and Finance 18 (1994) 139-151. North-Holland Further evidence on segmentation in the treasury bill market David P. Simon* Diuision of Monetary Affairs, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, DC, USA Received April 1991, final version received September 1992 This paper shows that differences in supplies of 13- and 12-week Treasury bills have statistically significant and economically meaningful effects on their yield differentials from January 1985 through October 1991, controlling for the general slope of the Treasury bill yield curve, the tendency of bills maturing at month-ends to have lower yields and the tendency of bills whose supply is augmented by cash management bills to have higher yields. The finding that market participants do not arbitrage away yield differentials that owe to differences in supplies indicates that demand curves for individual bills are downward sloping and that segmentation in the Treasury bill market is more pervasive than previously documented. Key words: Treasury bills; Market segmentation .lEL classification: G12; Cl4 The Treasury bill market often is viewed as the most liquid and efficient money market. If the Treasury bill market is efficient because bills are perfect substitutes to marginal investors on a risk-adjusted basis, yield spreads between bills should reflect only expectations about future bill yields and perhaps a risk premium, but not relative bill supplies or strong demands for particular bills. To date, evidence of segmentation in the Treasury bill market has been found in two contexts: Park and Reinganum (1986) show that bills maturing during the last week of calendar months have lower yields than adjacent maturity bills, which Ogden (1987) demonstrates stems from an increased demand owing to a concentration of payments flows at month- ends; and Simon (1991) demonstrates that Treasury cash management bill announcements, which represent unexpected announcements of additional Correspondence to: D.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparisions of Finnish and Chinese Business Cultures
    Peng Bo COMPARISIONS OF FINNISH AND CHINESE BUSINESS CULTURES Project /Bachelor’s thesis Business Management October 2009 DESCRIPTION Date of the bachelor's thesis 5 Oct 2009 Author(s) Degree programme and option PengBo Business Management Name of the bachelor's thesis Comparison of the Chinese and Finnish business cultures Abstract Culture is a key to explore the identify of a business. From cultural comparisons we can know more things in detail. It will give people more ideas and help to start business between two countries. Most of Chinese people like to do business with a country they are familiar with. In recent years, China began to deal with Finland in trade and business to establish cooperation between the two countries. To China Finland is a new country, so it is necessary to introduce the Finnish business culture to Chinese people to let them know more about Finland. Conversely, the Chinese business culture also needs to be introduced to Finnish people. In this way, both sides can know more about the other party. I will introduce some facts and figures about the two countries, and compare the Finnish and Chinese business cultures. The business culture comparison can be divided two parts. One part is the academic one, the other part is practical. The academic part includes the theory of business culture and facts and figures of the two countries. The practical part includes the research process, findings and conclusions. I made my interview questions based on the theory part. In order to choose a good company for my practical part I listed some famous companies in Finland and in China.
    [Show full text]