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Women and Islamic Law Christie S
College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty and Deans 2008 Lifting the Veil: Women and Islamic Law Christie S. Warren William & Mary Law School, [email protected] Repository Citation Warren, Christie S., "Lifting the Veil: Women and Islamic Law" (2008). Faculty Publications. 99. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/99 Copyright c 2008 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs LIFTING THE VEIL: WOMEN AND ISLAMIC LAW CHRISTIES. WARREN * "Treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers." From the Farewell Address of the Holy Prophet Muhammad1 I. INTRODUCTION By the end of February 632 and at the age of sixty-three, the Prophet Muhammad believed that his days on earth were coming to an end.2 He announced to his followers that he would lead the hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, himself that year.3 On March 3, the Prophet delivered his farewell sermon near Mount Arafat.4 Among the limited number of topics he chose to include in his last public speech, he encouraged his followers to deal justly with one another and treat women well. 5 In the modem era, the rights of women under Islamic law have come under heightened scrutiny. Some commentators find the Prophet's farewell speech to be inconsistent with the way women are treated in some areas of the Muslim world. In Saudi Arabia, for example, women may neither drive nor vote. -
Muslim American's Understanding of Women's
California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations Office of aduateGr Studies 6-2018 MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS Riba Khaleda Eshanzada Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd Part of the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Eshanzada, Riba Khaleda, "MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS" (2018). Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations. 637. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/637 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of aduateGr Studies at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master in Social Work by Riba Khaleda Eshanzada June 2018 MUSLIM AMERICAN’S UNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ACCORDANCE TO THE ISLAMIC TRADITIONS A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino by Riba Khaleda Eshanzada June 2018 Approved by: Dr. Erica Lizano, Research Project Supervisor Dr. Janet Chang, M.S.W. Research Coordinator © 2018 Riba Khaleda Eshanzada ABSTRACT Islam is the most misrepresented, misunderstood, and the subject for much controversy in the United States of America especially with the women’s rights issue. This study presents interviews with Muslim Americans on their narrative and perspective of their understanding of women’s rights in accordance to the Islamic traditions. -
ROCCO-CUAJ-PDF.Compressed.Pdf
The career of Timur (1336-1405) as Amir its construction is evidence of a building of Central Asia was marked by an campaign carried out first and foremost in ambitious quest for power and legitimacy pursuit of competition in traditional terms within two traditions: the Chaghataytid, with past examples: the subsequent Turco-Mongol one, and the Islamic.1 residences Timur erected were gardens Scholars have long agreed that a part of studded with pavilions which therefore this enterprise of legitimisation was preserved a nomadic flavour, tents for pursued by means of architectural accommodation being erected and the patronage.2 Others have posited that delights of nature fully enjoyed.4 Timur’s choice to establish Samarqand as A ruined monumental ayvan – a a capital city was evidence of him giving span of some twenty-two meters and a up the Mongol nomadic principle of height of over thirty metres, the largest mobility and his recognition of the extant Islamic ayvan – is all that has importance of sedentariness to imperial survived from the Aq Saray (Fig. 1A, 1B rule.3 In the city of Shahrisabz or Kesh, and 2A, 2B). By definition, an ayvan is a an important centre already under the large vaulted hall which may be walled ancient Sogdians (sixth to eleventh on three sides and opening directly on century BC) and close to his birthplace, the outside on the fourth. The side Timur built the Aq Saray (literally, “White opposite to the one opening to the Palace”, probably denoting its noble, outside can present, like it seems it was royal nature). -
The History of Implementation of Pilgrimage in the Pagan Era
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 2017, Vol. 7, No. 12 ISSN: 2222-6990 The History of Implementation of Pilgrimage in the Pagan Era 1Rizalman Muhammad, 2Faiz Hakimi Mat Idris, 3Kamaliah Salleh, 2Ahmad Zahid Salleh, 2Mohamad Zaidin Mohamad 1Institut Pendidikan Guru, Ipoh Campus, Malaysia 2Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, UniSZA, Malaysia 3Faculty of Law, Accountancy & International Relations, UniSZA, Malaysia Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3636 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i12/3636 Abstract The first pilgrimage performed by the Prophet Abraham which was in the 20th century BC had eventually been mixed with polytheism and heresy elements before Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) was sent to this world. In this regard, this article aims to reveal the ritual of the hajj in the ancient Arab society which is different from the current practice of Muslims nowadays. This article is a qualitative study using content analysis. The finding reveals that although Arab community remained to believe in Allah, but in view to the long gap between the two ages of Prophet Abraham and Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.), they had mixed up the implementation of a true and wrong rituals in their pilgrimage. Keywords: Pilgrimage, Pagan Arabs, Kaaba, Mecca Introduction The term Jahiliyyah is derived from jahl which connotes a description of pre-Islamic Arab society who were ignorance of the God, the prophets, the way of life, and who were also arrogantly and imperiously proud of their lineage (Ibn Manzur n.d.). It was a dark age of the Arab history with the absence of divine light to guide their faith, and their lives were fully deviated and strayed from the religious method. -
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IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways -
The Kaaba and the Beginning of the Hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR Fadi El Binni The Kaaba and the beginning of the hajj in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. 58 | FEATURES PRISM 6, NO. 1 Inclusive Security for the Muslim World BY HUSAIN HAQQANI t 1.6 billion, Muslims comprise one-fifth of the world’s population. By 2050, that num- ber is expected to rise to 2.76 billion. Sixty percent of the world’s Muslims fall between Athe ages of 15 and 59 years, with the median age being 24 years. 317 million of the world’s Muslims live in the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) and 344 million in India and Pakistan. The security of the Middle East and South Asia is inextricably linked with Muslim views of self and the world.1 The Three Deficits Muslim countries, however, have been late in embracing the notion of inclusive security, which was described by former U.S. ambassador to Austria, Swanee Hunt, as “not just political sover- eignty and military strength, but also economic security, education, and personal safety.”2 In 2002, the first Arab Human Development Report identified three fundamental deficits that plague the Arab world: the freedom deficit, the women’s empowerment deficit, and the knowledge defi- cit.3 These deficits remain prevalent not only in the Arab world, but also in the greater Muslim world, and serve as impediments to inclusive security. Of the 57 member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), only 4 coun- tries are rated by Freedom House as “free;” 24 are rated “partly free” and 29 as “not free.”4 A number of these had or are still under authoritarian rule and have built extensive national secu- rity apparatuses. -
Mathematics and Meaning in the Structure and Composition of Timurid Miniature Painting
PERSICA XIX, 2003 MATHEMATICS AND MEANING IN THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF TIMURID MINIATURE PAINTING Sarah Chapman University of Edinburgh INTRODUCTION Even at first glance many Timurid miniature paintings reveal a strong sense of pattern and organization on which much of their overall dynamism depends. One can see the repetition of geometric shapes created by the figures, the very static and linear nature of much of the architecture, and the feeling of proportion and harmony in their composition. The obvious deliberation in their structure suggests that they may have been precisely planned and may even adhere to some kind of mathematical formula. The formal qualities of Persian miniature painting have been remarked on many times, and many techniques and conventions have been identified by scholars. Of particular rel- evance to this investigation are the studies of Guest,1 Zain,2 Adle,3 and Stchoukine.4 Guest identifies the importance of text panels in the calculation of important measurements and relationships within Persian painting, and discusses the repetition of certain measurements and distances as “a kind of counterpoint throughout the design.”5 Zain further investigates the relationship between text and painting, identifies certain formulaic tendencies in the building of Timurid compositions, and discusses the presence of a “hidden structural line” in many paintings which “guide” our experience as a viewer.6 Adle and Stchoukine both investigate the ‘mathematical’ nature of Persian painting in some detail: Adle finds, like Guest, the repetition of certain measurements and goes on to describe a modular system for the organization of hunting and sporting scenes especially. -
Studies and Sources in Islamic Art and Architecture
STUDIES AND SOURCES IN ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE SUPPLEMENTS TO MUQARNAS Sponsored by the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. VOLUME IX PREFACING THE IMAGE THE WRITING OF ART HISTORY IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY IRAN BY DAVID J. ROXBURGH BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON • KÖLN 2001 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Roxburgh, David J. Prefacing the image : the writing of art history in sixteenth-century Iran / David J. Roxburgh. p. cm. — (Studies and sources in Islamic art and architecture. Supplements to Muqarnas, ISSN 0921 0326 ; v. 9) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004113762 (alk. papier) 1. Art, Safavid—Historiography—Sources. 2. Art, Islamic—Iran– –Historiography—Sources. 3. Art criticism—Iran—History—Sources. I. Title. II. Series. N7283 .R69 2000 701’.18’095509024—dc21 00-062126 CIP Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Roxburgh, David J.: Prefacing the image : the writing of art history in sixteenth century Iran / by David J. Roxburgh. – Leiden; Boston; Köln : Brill, 2000 (Studies and sources in Islamic art and architectue; Vol 9) ISBN 90-04-11376-2 ISSN 0921-0326 ISBN 90 04 11376 2 © Copyright 2001 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers MA 01923, USA. -
The Marwani Musalla in Jerusalem
Bridgewater State University Virtual Commons - Bridgewater State University Art Faculty Publications Art Department 2013 The aM rwani Musalla in Jerusalem: New Findings Beatrice St. Laurent Bridgewater State University, [email protected] Isam Awwad Virtual Commons Citation St. Laurent, Beatrice and Awwad, Isam (2013). The aM rwani Musalla in Jerusalem: New Findings. In Art Faculty Publications. Paper 8. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/art_fac/8 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. The Marwani Shortly after Caliph ‘Umar ibn al- Khattab’s (579-644, caliph 634-644) Musalla in arrival in Jerusalem in 638, he is said to Jerusalem: have constructed a rudimentary mosque 1 or prayer space south of the historical New Findings Rock now contained within the Dome of Beatrice St. Laurent the Rock (completed 691) on the former and Isam Awwad Temple Mount or Bayt al-Maqdis known popularly since Mamluk and Ottoman times as the Haram al-Sharif.2 (Fig.1) Though later textual evidence indicates that ‘Umar prayed somewhere south of the “rock” and later scholars suggest that he constructed a rudimentary prayer space on the site, there is no surviving physical evidence of that initial structure. After his appointment as Governor of Syria (bilad al-sham) by ‘Umar in 639/40, Mu‘awiya ibn Abi Sufyan (602-680, caliph Figure 1: Air view of the Haram al-Sharif from 660-680)3 either expanded upon the Mosque the north showing the eastern area of the Haram al-Sharif. Source: Matson Collection, Library of of ‘Umar or constructed an entirely new Congress. -
THE SOCIETY for ASIAN ART PRESENTS Through the Pishtaq: Art, Architecture and Culture of Persia APRIL 22 - MAY 9, 2018
THE SOCIETY FOR ASIAN ART PRESENTS Through the Pishtaq: Art, Architecture and Culture of Persia APRIL 22 - MAY 9, 2018 More than five hundred years before Christ, Cyrus the Great founded one of the world’s first empires at Pasargadae. Over the centuries Persian civilization has been impacted by diverse cultural influences from invading Greeks, Arabs, Mongols and Turks. Join Dr. Keelan Overton on a journey through Iran where impressive monuments serve as vivid testament to the extraordinary history and culture of the country. The name Persia, used by the ancient Greeks, is derived from the southwesterly province of Pars which was the cradle of the Persian Empire. It was here that the Achaemenids became the first kings of a united country. They built capitals at Pasargadae and Persepolis and ruled over territory which stretched from the Persian Gulf to the Black Sea and from China in the east to the Mediterranean shores in the west. It is a welcoming and beautiful country of contrasts, of jagged mountains and golden deserts punctuated by slender wind towers, crumbling clay-baked caravansaries, and everywhere a horizon pierced by mosques and turquoise minarets. ----------------------------------Tour Highlights -------------------------------------- Tehran– 3 nights Visit Jameh Atigh, 9th c. Friday Mosque Visit the National Museum of Iran complex: Learn about tribal rugs at a nomadic gallery Museum of Ancient Iran (History and Archaeology) Yasuj - 1 night Museum of the Islamic Era Drive through the beautiful Zagros Mountains to Yasuj -
Holy Cities on the Road to Re-Development
KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA HOLY CITIES ON THE ROAD TO RE-DEVELOPMENT MAY 2014 Accelerating success. 2014 | HOLYHOLY CITIES CITIES I HOSPITALITY | KSA MARKET OVERVIEW TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Market Focus : Makkah 2 Makkah Future Developments 3 Market Focus : Madinah 4 Madinah Future Developments 5 Holy Cities Opportunities 6 COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL | colliers.com/unitedarabemirates/hotels KSA | 2014 | HOLY CITIES | INTRODUCTION Introduction MAKKAH AND MADINAH Recent years have witnessed a prominent rush of foreign awareness PROVINCES in the Saudi Arabian hospitality market, mostly directed towards the two largest cities (Riyadh and Jeddah), with the Holy Cities (Makkah and Madinah) being sidelined on the international front. This research attempts to point out the opportunities presented by the Holy Cities hospitality industry. Holy Cities hospitality market is considered to be exceptional in terms of enjoying the benefits of an effective indefinite demand. Madinah Although, one of the major hurdles in front of these market is accommodating this huge demand. Makkah This research: • Examines the hospitality market of the Holy Cities and explains scope of any future development opportunities. Source: Colliers International; 2014 • Investigates the infrastructure developments taking place in the Holy Cities for the coming years. • Studies the impact of expansion of the Holy Mosques (Haram and HOLY CITIES HOTEL PERFORMANCE Al Masjid An Nabawi) in the the Holy Cities. PERCENTAGE CHANGE YTD Feb 2013 - Makkah 2012 - 2013 YTD Feb 2014 • Reviews the religious visits and investigates its influential factors. Occupancy -1.5% +11.4% ADR (SAR) -0.8% -0.6% RevPAR (SAR) -2.3% +10.7% • Outlines the future outlook and trends in regards to hospitality developments within Holy Cities. -
Unit 5: the Post-Classical Period: the First Global Civilizations
Unit 5: The Post-Classical Period: The First Global Civilizations Name: ________________________________________ Teacher: _____________________________ IB/AP World History 9 Commack High School Please Note: You are responsible for all information in this packet, supplemental handouts provided in class as well as your homework, class webpage and class discussions. What do we know about Muhammad and early Muslims? How do we know what we know? How is our knowledge limited? Objective: Evaluate the primary sources that historians use to learn about early Muslims. Directions: Below, write down two things you know about Muhammad and how you know these things. What I know about Muhammad... How do I know this …. / Where did this information come from... Directions: Below, write down two things you know about Muslims and how you know these things. What I know about Muslims... How do I know this …. / Where did this information from from... ARAB EXPANSION AND THE ISLAMIC WORLD, A.D. 570-800 1. MAKING THE MAP 1. Locate and label: 4. Locate and label: a Mediterranean Sea a Arabian Peninsula b Atlantic Ocean b Egypt c Black Sea c Persia (Iran) d Arabian Sea d Anatolia e Caspian Sea e Afghanistan f Aral Sea f Baluchistan g Red Sea g Iraq h Persian Gulf. 2. Locate and label: h Syria a Indus River i Spain. b Danube River 5. Locate and label: c Tigris River a Crete b Sicily d Euphrates River c Cyprus e Nile River d Strait of Gibraltar f Loire River. e Bosphorus. 3. Locate and label: 6. Locate with a black dot and a Zagros Mountains label: b Atlas Mountains a Mecca c Pyrenees Mountains b Medina d Caucasus Mountains c Constantinople e Sahara Desert.