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Environmental Resource Inventory

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Environmental Resource Inventory ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE INVENTORY Prepared for: LIVINGSTON ENVIRONMENTAL COMMISSION JULY, 2010 Prepared by: Amy S, Greene Environmental Consultants, Inc. 4 Walter E. Foran Boulevard, Suite 209 Flemington, New Jersey 08822 ASGECI Project #3166 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This ERI was made possible with the support of Livingston Township and through a Smart Growth Planning Assistance Grant from the Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions (ANJEC). Township of Livingston Arlene Johnson, Mayor Rudy Fernandez, Deputy Mayor Charles "Buddy" August, Township Councilman Stephen A. Santola, Township Councilman Gary Schneiderman, Township Councilman Michelle E. Meade – Town Manager Livingston Environmental Commission Bruce Fidler, Chairperson Gary Schwartz, Vice Chairperson Charles “Buddy” August , Council Liaison Art Altman, Alternate Pearl Hwang, Alternate Keith Johnson, Member Walter LeVine, Member Renee Resky, Member Louis Venza, Member & Planning Board Liaison ANJEC Liaison Kerry Miller, Assistant Director TABLE OF CONTENTS Page # 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 General Information......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Livingston Environmental Commission and Existing Protection.................... 2 1.3 Environmental Education.................................................................................3 2.0 HISTORY .................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Indigenous Peoples History............................................................................. 5 2.2 Post European Settlement ................................................................................ 6 2.3 Historic Resources........................................................................................... 7 3.0 CLIMATOLOGY .....................................................................................................11 3.1 Regional and Local Climate........................................................................... 11 3.2 Global Climate............................................................................................... 12 3.3 Heat Islands.................................................................................................... 13 4.0 GEOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 15 4.1 Physiography.................................................................................................. 15 4.2 Stratigraphy and Surface Formations............................................................. 16 4.3 Aquifers and Hydrogeology of Recharge Areas............................................ 17 4.4 Potable Water Supply .................................................................................... 19 4.5 Wellhead Protection....................................................................................... 20 4.6 Sole Source Aquifers..................................................................................... 21 4.7 Contamination................................................................................................ 21 4.8 Known Contaminated Sites............................................................................ 26 5.0 SOILS ........................................................................................................................ 29 5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 29 5.2 Soil Series...................................................................................................... 29 5.3 Major Series Descriptions.............................................................................. 31 5.4 Prime Farmlands ............................................................................................ 35 5.5 Hydric Soils................................................................................................... 36 5.6 Topography and Slopes.................................................................................. 36 5.7 Soil Erosion and Sediment Control and Land Capability.............................. 37 5.8 Acid Producing Soils ..................................................................................... 38 6.0 WATER RESOURCES............................................................................................. 39 6.1 Watershed Management Areas, Drainage Basins and Major Surface Water Features ................................................................ 39 6.2 Surface Water Quality Classification............................................................. 41 6.3 Surface Water Quality Assessments .............................................................. 41 6.4 Surface Water Quality Protection .................................................................. 47 6.5 Floodplains and Flood Hazard Area Control Act Rules ................................ 49 7.0 AIR QUALITY.......................................................................................................... 52 7.1 Regional Air Quality – Criteria Pollutants..................................................... 52 7.2 Regional Air Quality - Air Toxics ................................................................. 53 7.3 Diesel............................................................................................................. 55 8.0 WETLANDS.............................................................................................................. 57 8.1 Definition and Identifying Factors................................................................. 57 8.2 Wetland Resource Value Classification......................................................... 58 8.3 Wetland Communities ................................................................................... 59 8.4 Vernal Pools................................................................................................... 62 8.5 Wetland Mitigation ........................................................................................ 63 8.6 Wetland Regulations...................................................................................... 64 9.0 LAND USE................................................................................................................ 66 9.1 Land Use/Cover Types .................................................................................. 66 9.2 Land Use Descriptions................................................................................... 66 9.3 Open Space………………………………………….……………………….73 10.0 WILDLIFE................................................................................................................. 77 10.1 Fisheries......................................................................................................... 77 10.2 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife Species ............................................... 79 10.3 Endangered and Threatened Species in Livingston Township...................... 80 10.4 The Landscape Project................................................................................... 80 10.5 Threatened and Endangered Species Descriptions ........................................ 81 10.6 Forest Fragmentation and Habitats ................................................................ 86 10.7 Additional Wildlife Species........................................................................... 87 10.8 Nuisance Wildlife Impacts............................................................................. 89 11.0 SUMMARY............................................................................................................... 92 12.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS.......................................................................................... 96 REFERENCES................................................................................................................... 103 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: Figures/Master Plan Mapping APPENDIX B: Wildlife Lists APPENDIX C: Climate Data, Natural Heritage Correspondence, Open Space Inventory, APPENDIX D: Photographs FIGURES Figures prepared by ASGECI: 1. Location 2. Geology 3. Wellhead Protection and Known Contaminated Sites 4. Soil 5. Soil Depth to a Restrictive Layer 6. Land Capability 7. Slope 8. Hydrologic Features 9. Wetlands and Surface Waters 10. Land Use Land Cover (2002) 11. Municipal Open Space 12. Forest Areas 13. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species Habitat Master Plan Maps: Map C Municipal Land Use Plan Map F Parks and Recreation Map G Topography Map I Critical Areas Map J Historic Site 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General Information and the Environmental Resource Inventory This Environmental Resources Inventory (ERI) for Livingston Township was created by the Township Environmental Commission and with the support of the Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions (ANJEC). The purpose of the Livingston Township ERI is to objectively identify and describe the natural resources, cultural conditions, environmental features and concerns within the municipality. The ERI provides visual (mapping) and text depictions that describe various cultural and natural resources, their sensitivities and limitations for development, and existing laws and suggested measures for protection of sensitive resources. The ERI serves as an aid for municipal planning, a guide for surveys and other
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