Federal Role in U.S. Campaigns and Elections: An Overview R. Sam Garrett Specialist in American National Government September 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45302 SUMMARY R45302 Federal Role in U.S. Campaigns and Elections: September 4, 2018 An Overview R. Sam Garrett Conventional wisdom holds that the federal government plays relatively little role in U.S. Specialist in American campaigns and elections. Although states retain authority for most aspects of election National Government administration, a closer look reveals that the federal government also has steadily increased its
[email protected] presence in campaigns and elections in the past 50 years. Altogether, dozens of congressional committees and federal agencies could be involved in federal elections under current law. For a copy of the full report, please call 7-5700 or visit Congress faces a complex mix of traditional oversight areas with developing ones throughout the www.crs.gov. elections field. Reports of foreign interference during the 2016 election cycle, and concerns about future interference, have raised the profile of campaigns and elections policy in Congress, at federal agencies, and beyond. As Congress considers these and other developing issues, this report provides the House and Senate with a resource for first understanding the current campaigns and elections regulatory structure. The report addresses those areas of law and public policy that most directly and routinely affect American campaigns and elections. This includes six broad categories of law through which Congress has assigned various agencies roles in regulating or supporting campaigns, elections, or both. These are campaign finance; election administration; election security; redistricting; qualifications and contested elections; and voting rights.