Cuyuna Lakes State Trail Master Plan
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Cuyuna Lakes State Trail Master Plan August 2004 Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Trails & Waterways The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Trails and Waterways Division would like to thank all who participated in this master planning process. Assistance from the Cuyuna Lakes Trail Association and Dennis Palmer was invaluable. Many city and county officials, DNR staff, trail association members and local citizens contributed their time and energy to the planning process as well. Copyright 2004 State of Minnesota, Department of Natural Resources. Equal opportunity to participate in and benefit from programs of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources is available to all individuals regardless of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, status with regard to public assistance, age, sexual orientation, membership or activity in a local commission, or disability. Discrimination inquiries should be sent to MN-DNR, 500 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155-4031; or the Equal Opportunity Office, Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20240. This document is available in alternative formats to individuals with disabilities by calling 651- 296-6157 (Metro Area) or 1-888-MINNDNR (MN Toll Free) or Telecommunication Device for the Deaf/TTY: 651-296-5484 (Metro Area) or 1-800-657-3929 (Toll Free TTY). TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE – INTRODUCTION Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................1 Planning Process: Purpose and Scope..............................................................................................2 Trail Authorization...........................................................................................................................4 Vision for the Cuyuna Lakes State Trail..........................................................................................8 Goals for the Cuyuna Lakes State Trail...........................................................................................9 SECTION TWO – TRAIL USES Summary of Recommended Trail Uses .........................................................................................10 SECTION THREE – TRAIL ALIGNMENT General Overview of Trail Alignment...........................................................................................11 Trail Alignment by Segment: Alignment Criteria and Potential Corridors Baxter to Brainerd (Lum Park) ................................................................................................12 Brainerd (Lum Park) to Riverton.............................................................................................14 Riverton to Cuyuna..................................................................................................................16 Cuyuna to Aitkin......................................................................................................................18 Trail Alignment Within the Communities Baxter/Brainerd........................................................................................................................20 Riverton....................................................................................................................................22 Ironton/Crosby .........................................................................................................................24 Cuyuna .....................................................................................................................................26 Aitkin .......................................................................................................................................28 Cuyuna Country State Recreation Area (CCSRA) ........................................................................30 Connections with Other Trails and Facilities.................................................................................33 SECTION FOUR – TRAIL MANAGEMENT Projected Trail Use ........................................................................................................................34 Trail Maintenance ..........................................................................................................................35 Information and Education ............................................................................................................37 Enforcement...................................................................................................................................39 SECTION FIVE – INVENTORY OF NATURAL, CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES Impact of the Trail .........................................................................................................................40 Ecological Classification System...................................................................................................41 Climate...........................................................................................................................................44 Geology/ Soils................................................................................................................................45 Water Resources ............................................................................................................................46 Vegetation......................................................................................................................................48 Wildlife ..........................................................................................................................................51 Scenic Resources ...........................................................................................................................52 Recreation Resources.....................................................................................................................53 Historical Resources ......................................................................................................................55 i Socioeconomic Resources .............................................................................................................59 APPENDICES Appendix 1: Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered Plant Species .....................................63 Appendix 2: Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered Animal Species..................................64 Appendix 3: Minnesota Rules & Regulations and Trails & Waterways Policies: Easements, Utility Crossings, Fencing, Cattle Passes, and Trespassing Issues................................................65 Appendix 4: 2004 Grant-in-Aid Snowmobile Route Map.............................................................70 Appendix 5: Cuyuna Range Historic Mining Landscape District Map (preliminary boundary) ..71 Appendix 6: Historical Significance of a Rail Route.....................................................................72 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................77 ii Executive Summary Trail Alignment The Cuyuna Lakes State Trail is a legislatively authorized state trail which, when complete, will be approximately 35 miles long and connect the towns of Baxter, Brainerd, Riverton, Ironton, Crosby, Cuyuna, Aitkin and the Cuyuna Country State Recreation Area. A connection to the Paul Bunyan State Trail will be an important link in the overall trail system of the central Minnesota lakes region. For purposes of this plan, the trail alignment has been divided into four planning segments. The segments are Baxter to Lum Park in Brainerd, Lum Park to Riverton, Riverton to Cuyuna, and Cuyuna to Aitkin. Generally, the following criteria will guide alignment planning: • The paved trail will use abandoned railroad alignments where available. These routes offer the gentle grades required to support a diverse group of bikers, in-line skaters, walkers, and runners. Whenever practical, the paved and unpaved alignments will be separated in a manner that minimizes dust and debris from collecting on the paved alignment. • Where former railroad alignments are not available, alternative alignments will favor the use of public right-of-way, when practical. However, paved alignments will favor routes away from vehicular traffic routes for safety and for an improved trail experience. • Existing DNR grant-in-aid snowmobile trails will be retained without change as the preferred non- paved alignment, whenever practical. Recommended Trail Uses The Cuyuna Lakes State Trail is a multi-use trail but the limitations of width dictate that not all uses can be accommodated at all times on the entire length of the trail. The following are the recommended trail uses: bicycling, hiking/walking, cross-country skiing, dog walking, running/jogging, in-line skating, cross-country roller skiing, hunting, snowmobiling, and environmental education/interpretation. The trail will be accessible to people with disabilities wherever practical. Certain segments of the trail can be used for fishing access. Trail Management This plan contains recommendations for maintenance, enforcement, and interpretation of natural and cultural resources. Trail maintenance is critical to provide and sustain the experience trail users appreciate. The plan recommends that an adequate level of enforcement be provided via a multifaceted approach to help maintain a safe and secure trail environment. It is also a goal to encourage trail users to understand