sign in sign up
<<
Home , Heliothinae, Palafoxia, Schinia, Vernonia texana

Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 57(3), 2003, 197- 203

A REVIEW OF THE REGIA (STRECKER) SPECIES COMPLEX WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (: )

MICHAEL G, POGUE Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, '/0 Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, NMNH, MRC-168, Washington, District of Columbia 20013-7012, USA

AND

CHAHLES E. HAHP 8834 West Quarto Avenue, Littleton, 80128, USA

ABSTRACT. Schinia regina, new species, is described and illustrated. Diagnostic eharacters and host distributions are compared with Schinia regia (Strecker) and Schinia niveicosta (Smith). The larval host plant of Schinia regina, sphacelata (Nutl. ex Torr.) Cory (), is reported for the first time. Genitalic images and descriptions of both sexes are presented for all species. Additional key words: , biology, host , Asteraceae.

We are currently working on the of North were ivory with a magenta median stripe and in S. re­ America fascicle of the Noctuidae subfamily Helio­ gia the larvae were mauve with a gray median stripe thinae. Several projects must be resolved before this (Hardwick 1996). This led to speculation about the fascicle can be completed. One project is a phylogeny Palafoxia feeder pOSSibly being a new species. When of the Schinia. Schinia is the most diverse in the the host plant distribution of Schinia regia was plot­ subfamily, currently with 112 species (Hardwick ted, it only corresponded with the moths collected in 1996). We have discovered taxonomic problems within eastern . When Palafoxia sphacelata was plot­ closely related species or species complexes. These ted, it overlapped the distribution of the regia-like taxonomic problems must be resolved before a phy­ specimens. This finding led to further morphological logeny can be constructed. The most efficient way to study, and it was determined that the Palafoxia treat such a large genus is to define species groups feeder was a new species. within Schinia based on morphological characters within the context of a phylogeny. This paper ad­ MATEHIALS AND METHODS dresses one of these problems. The adult images were taken with a Kodak DSC 315 Schinia regia (Strecker), Schinia niveicosta (Smith), digital camera. The genitalic images were taken and Schinia regina, new species, form a compact through a Wild Photomakroskop dissecting micro­ group with a white forewing and gray, pinkish-purple, scope using a JVC KY-F70B digital camera. The geni­ or pink patterns. These color patterns vary within each talic images were then manipulated with AutoMon­ of these species. Schinia niveicosta and S. regina lar­ tage® and Photoshop 6.0®. vae feed on two different species in the genus We examined material from the following institu­ Palafoxia (Asteraceae), and S. regia larvae feed on Ver­ tions and private collections. The follOwing acronyms nonia texana (A. Gray) Small (Asteraceae). of institutions and private collections where material is Hardwick's (1996) rearing studies of S. regia on housed were used: American Museum of Natural His­ texana did not account for the distribution tory, New York, New York (AMNH); Charles E. Harp, of the western specimens. A search of collecting lo­ private collection, Littleton, Colorado (CEH); Cana­ calities suggested the use of a sandhills host plant. dian National Collection, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Other western species of Vernonia did not occur at (CNC); Chadron State College, Chadron, any of these sites, with Vernonia marginata prefer­ (CSC); Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Col­ ring a much heavier soil and V fasciculata Michx. not orado (CSU); Donald J. Wright, private collection, covering the range of the remaining S. regia locali­ Cincinnati, Ohio (DJW); Edward C. Knudson, private ties. In conducting field work in central Colorado one collection, Houston, Texas (ECK); Fort Hays State of us (CEH) discovered females of regia-like speci­ UniverSity, Hays, (FHSU); Field Museum of mens on Palafoxia sphacelata (Nutt. ex Torr. ) Cory. Natural History, Chicago, Illinois (FMNH); James K. Studies of Bowerheads yielded larvae that were Adams, private collection, Dalton, (JKA ); Los different from Hardwick's (1996) description of Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, Vernonia-feeding S. regia. The larvae of S. regina (LACM ); Oral Roberts University, Tulsa, 198 JOURNAL OF' THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY

FIGs. 1-4. Adults. 1, Schinia niveicosta, 9 holotype, S. California; 2, S. niveicusta, S. melliflua [synonym] 9 holotype, Palm Springs, River­ side Co., California; 3, S. regia, 0, Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, San Patricio Co. , Texas, USNM ENT 00142624; 4, S. regina, 0 holotype, Canadian, Hemphill Co. , Texas , USNM ENT 00142656.

(ORU); Homld Leuschner, private collection, Man­ Description. Male: Genitalia (Figs. 5-6): Uncus short (0.30 X hattan Beach, California (RL); Snow Museum of En­ valve length ), equal width throughout length. Valve moderatly elon­ gate (length 6.7 x width), costal margin angulate at approximately tomology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas two-thirds length; ampulla short (0.05 x valve length); corona pre­ (SMEK); Texas A&M University, College Station, sent; sacculus well developed and greatly produced. Juxta quadrate, Texas (TAMU ); University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Ne­ proximal margin curved, sci erotization uniform. Aedoeagus slightly curved, dorsal patch of dense minute spicules; vesica with 2 and braska (UNL); National Museum of Natural History, one-half coi ls and minute spicules. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Co­ Female: Genitalia (Fig. 11 ): Papillae an ales broadly triangulate, lumbia (USNM). apex pOinted; dorsal margin concave. Eighth segment with fine spicules. Distal margins of seventh segment with a double row of m"dillm length setae, distal row longe r and more robust than proxi­ SYSTEMATICS mal row. Ostium bursa sclerotized with minute spicules. Ductus Schinia niveicosta (Smith) bursa narrow, approximatly 0.2 x length. Appendix bursa coi led. Corpus bursa ovate; signa composed of' two scobinate bars. (Figs. 1-2,5-6, 11 , 14) Type material. Schinia nioeicosta: Holotype 9, in USNM, with the follOWing labels: (1) Southern Cala.; (2) nioeicosta, 9 Heliothis niveicosta Smith 1906:15. type, Sm. [Handwritten, red bordered labell; (3) Barnes Collection Schinia niveicosta: McDunnough 1938:106; Fran­ [printed in red]. Schinia melliflua: Holotype 9, in USNM , with th e clemont and Todd 1983:159; Poole 1989:896; Poole follOWing labels; 0 ) Palm Springs, 20-TV-1916, S. Calif., v.L. and Gentili 1996:772; Hardwick 1996:161. Clemence [hand written in hlack ink]; (2) Type No. 23851 , U.S.N.M. [red type lauel]; (3) Schinia m.elliflua, Type Dyar [hand Schinia melliflua Dyar 1921:41. written in black ink]. Diagnosis. Schinia niveicosta lacks the distinct Type locality. Southern California. basal patch in the forewing that is present in regia and Larval host plant. Palafoxia linearis (Cav.) Lag. regina. The forewing subterminal band is less distinct (Asteraceae) . and narrower in niveicosta than in regia and regina Flight period. The majority of specimens were col­ (Figs. 1-6). Both niveicosta and regina are Palafoxia lected in March and April. A few specimens have been feeders in the larval stage, but both hosts and moths recorded in May, September to November, and Janu­ are allopatric (Fig. 14). ary to February. 199 VOLUME 57, NUMBER 3

6

8

10

FIGS. 5-10. Male genitalia of Scizinia. 5, S. niveicosta; 6, S. niveicosta, aedoeagus; 7, S. regia; 8, S. regia , aedoeagus; 9, S. regina; 10, S. regina, aedoeagus.

Distribution (Fig. 14). Southwestern , west­ Mar. 1926 (1 0), 15 Mar. (2 ') 2 Q); Dixieland, Spring 1922 (1 d 1 ern and southeastern , west to southern Cali­ 9),1-15 Mar. 1922 (12 d 16 Q), 1-15 Mar. (9 0), 15-30 Mar. 1922 (7 0 5 Q), 1- 15 Apr. 1922 (7 d), 15- 30 Apr. 1922 (20 I Q) , O.C. fornia and southern . Poling; Clamis, 28 Apr. 1998 (10 d 6 Q), N. Bloomfield. Kern Co., Material examined. 83 J and 58 «. ARIZONA: La Paz Co., Indian Wells, Colorado Desert, 1 Nov. 1920 (2 0 1 Q) , K.R. Ehrenburg, 16 Mar. 1940 (2 Q), 17 Mar. ] 940 (2 0), Mar. 25 1940 Coolidge. Riverside Co., Blythe, 5 Jan. 1941 (1 Q), 3 Feb. 1940 (1 (1 c3 1 «) , F.H. Parker. Yuma Co., Quartzite, 800 ft. , 7 Feb. 1977 (1 d) , F.H. Parker; Cabazon Pass, nr. Banning, 3 Sep. 1951 (1 9), F.R. 9), J.H. Baker; Wellton, 23 Apr. 1935 (1 9); Yuma, 7 Apr. 1935 (2 Sala; Coachella, 21 Mar. 1926 (1 Q) ; Colorado Desert, Apr. (1 0), 0) , 30 Apr. 1935 (1 ( ~), C.P. Englehart, 24 Apr. 1949 (l 9), D.L. J. E. Cottle; Indio, 22 Mar. 1942 (1 9) , 7 Apr. 1942 (l 9), 9 Apr. Bauer. CALIFORNIA: Imperial Co., [no specific locality], 13 1942 (1 0),12 Apr. 1942 (1 6 1 Q) , 0 genitalia slide USNM 46853, 200 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY

i

\ \ f

11 12 13 FI(:s.11- 1.3. Female genitalia of Schinia. 11, S. niveicosta; 12, S. regia; 13, S. regina.

WP. Medler, 4 May 1921 (2 0), il May 1921 (2 9), E. Piazza, 29 Schinia regia (Strecker) May (l 0), J.tI. Baker, Oct. (1 0 1 9), 29 Oct. 1923 (1 0) , 4 Nov. 192.3 (20), Il Nov. 192.3 (2 0 ); Palm Canyon (1 01 9), J.E. Cottle; (Figs. 3, 7~ 8, 12, 14) Palm Springs, 8-15 Mar. (4 0 1 ,l), 4 Apr. 1934 (1 9) , 16-23 Apr. (4 0 3 Y), 3 Nov. 1951 (Ii). F.R. Sab; Shaver's Wells, 6 Apr. 19.37 (1 fleliothis regia Strecker 1876:121. 0), C. WIllett. San Diego Co., Bm'ego, 7 Mar. 1940 (1 '1) . .30 Apr. Schinia regia: Smith 1891:54; Smith 1893:279; Mc­ 19.52 (l 9) , C .Il. & J.D. Sperry; Borego Valley, 3 Apr. 1941 (1 0). Dunnough 1938:106; Franclemont and Todd 1:3 Apr. 1941 (1 9), 9 genitalia slide USN M 46854, R.R. McElvarc. NEVADA: south. Apr. (1 9). 1983:1.59; Poole 1989:896; Poole and Gentili 1996:772; Hardwick 1996:162. Discussion. The holotype of niveicosta has a gray Porrima regia: Dyar 1903: 187. forewing that blends into the slightly darker subtermi­ nal band, the costa is gray basally becoming white near Diagnosis. There are only very subtle differences its apex, and the apical spot is distinct. The holotype of in the forewing maculation of regia and regina. These the synonym melliflua has the forewing pattern more differences are best observed by comparing a good distinct with the subterminal band flushed with pur­ series of both species. The colored areas of the plish-pink. The coloration in both the forewing and forewing are more pink in regina and more purplish hindwing of niveicosta is variable. The forewing pat­ in regia. These species can be separated by their ge­ tern can be gray to pink, with intermediate purplish­ ographical distributions. Schinia regia is found re­ pink. The hindwing can have a gray or pinkish mar­ stricted to southern and eastern Texas. Southern ginal band. Texas counties include Zapata, Jim Hogg, Hidalgo, There are apparently two broods within the range of Cameron, Kenedy, Kleberg, Jim Wells, and San Patri­ ni1Jeicosta. This species is mainly a spring flyer, with cio. Schinia regina is more widely distributed from the majority of records in March and April, a few in southern Texas north through the panhandle, Okla­ January and February. There is a partial second brood homa, Kansas, northwestern Nebraska, and west to that flies in October and November. During wet years southern New and Colorado east of the con­ there may be a second brood. The only years with data tinental divide. Southern Texas counties include for a fall brood were 1920 and 19.51. Webb and La Salle. VOLUME 57, NUMBER 3 201

Description. Male: Genitalia (Figs. 7- 8): Uncus short (0.30 x valve length), apex slightly wider than base. Valve moderatly elon­ gate (length 6.7 x width), costal margin angulate at approximately two-thirds length ; ampull a short (0.03 x valve length); corona pre­ sent; sacculus we ll developed and greatly produced. Juxta quadrate, proximal margin slightly concave, sclerotization uniform. Aedoeagus slightly curved, dorsal patch of dense minute spicules; vesica with 2 and one-half coils and minute spicules. Female: Genitalia (Fig. 12): Papillae ,males triangulate, apex pOinted; dorsal margin concave. Eighth segment with fine spicul es . Distal margins of seventh segment with a double row of elongate se­ tae, distal row lunger and more robust th an proxim al row. Ostium bursa sci erotized with minute spicules . Ductus bursa wide, approxi­ mately 0.4 x length. Appendix hnrsa coiled. Corpus bursa uvate; signa composed of two scobinate bars. Type material. Holotype 0, in FMNH. Type locality. Dallas, Texas. Larval host plant. (A. Gray) Small (Asteraceae); Texas Ironweed. Flight period. Majority of specimens were col­ FIG. 14. Collecting localites and larval hostplant uistrihution of lected from September to mid October, one specimen Schinia (open squares = S. niveicosta; solid squares = S. regilt; solid circles = S. regina ) (dark gray area = Vernonia texana, larval host­ was recorded in early June. plant of S. regilt , and light gray area = Palafoxia sphacelata, larval hostplan t of S. regina). Material examined. 23 0 and 26 9. TEXAS: Bastrop Co., Bas­ trop State Park, 28 Sep. 1964 (1 0), A. & M.E. Blachard. Brazos Cu., Cullege Station, Sep. (2 d 7 9). Cameron Co., La Feria, 4 Sep. Schinia regina Pogue and Harp, new species 1967 (1 Q), 26 Sep. 1963 (1 Q), 1 Q genitalia slide MGP 1144, P.T. Ri­ herd (TAMU ). Hiualgu Cu. , BenstuJl State Park, 20 Oct. 1974 (1 0), (Figs. 4, 9-10, 13- 14) d gen itali a slide USN M 46848, KC. Knudson; Mercedes, 19 Sep. Diagnosis. The valve of the male genitalia is nar­ 1955 (1 0), 10 Oct. 1955 (l 0), 0 genitali a slide MGP 1145, PT Ri­ herd (TAMU); Santa Ana Refuge, 4 Oct. 1964 (1 9), A. & M.E. rower and the costal margin is more gently curved in Blachard; Weslaco, 30 Jllly 1953 (1 9), 1 Sep. 1953 (1 0), 0, genitalia regina, while in regia the valve is wider and the costal slide Mep 1143, PT. Riherd (TAMU). Jim Wells Co., Alice, 6 Oct. margin is distinctly angulate at two-thirds length of 1963 (l Q), ) genitalia slide USNM 46852, A. & M.E. Blanchard. Kenedy Co., Padre Island National Seashorc, 24 Sep. HJ79 (1 0), 0 valve. The juxta in regina has a slightly produced ven­ genitalia slide USNM 46788, 26 Sep. 1979 (1 0 1 9), 9 genitalia slide tral margin which is heavily sclerotized and forms a USNM 46789, A. & M.E. Blanchard. KJ eberg Co., KingSVille (1 () 1 distinct bar. In regia the ventral margin is slightly con­ Q), 9 genitalia slide USNM 46849, c.T. Heed. San Patricio Co., Lake Curpus Christi State Park, 30 Sep. 1988 (1 9), E.c. Knudson; cave and is uniformly sclerotized. The spiculae on the Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, 7 Oct. 1963 (2 0 3 9),8 Oct. 1963 (4 dorsal patch of the aedoeagus are longer in regina than cS 2 Q), 11 Oct. 1963 (1 9), 12 Oct. 1963 (l 0), A. & M.E. Blanchard; in regia. The ductus bursa of the female genitalia is Sinton, Wildlife Re fu ge, 21 Sep. HJ84 (l 0), 25 Sep 1984 (1 0 1 1'), 28 Sep. 1984 (1 0), 2 Oct. 1984 (2 cS 1 9), D .F. Hardwick (CNC). twice the width in regia than in regina and the scobi­ Webb Co. , Lareuo, 25 Aug. 1926 (1 0). Zapata Co., Zapata, 4 June nate bars in the corpus bursa are slightly wider in H)64 (l 9), 9 genitali a slide USN M 461151 , 11l Sep 197:3 (1 0 I Y), A. & M.E. Blanchard. regina than in regia. Description. Male: Head: Vertex white, frons bulbous, ventral lip Distribution (Fig. 14). Eastern Texas, south to in­ not produced, white. Labial palp white. Antenna fi liform, scape and clude San Patricio, Jim Wells, Kleberg, Kenedy, dorsal scales white. Thorax: Patagium, tegula, meso- and metathorax white. Venter white. Foreleg with femur darker medially, cream to Cameron, Hidalgo, Jim Hogg, Starr, and Zapata coun­ gray, lighter laterally, cream to white; tibia longer than basitarsus, ties. white, inner side with one large and .'3 progressively smaller spines, Discussion. Schinia regia has a Single brood in the outer side with 2 large and 2 smaller spines; tarsi white. Middle and fall with collection dates throughout September to mid hind legs white, some specimens can have pink on tibia and tarsi. Forewing: Male length 12-14.5 mm (N = 10). Basal patch pink to October. There is a Single female from Zapata, Texas pink with a slight purplish cast; median area wh ite with a broad light that was collected in June. This could be evidence of a brown band; subterminal band pink to pink with a slight pUlplish cast; partial second brood, but more field work at this time terminal area white tending to cream to light brown at margin ; ftinge cream to light brown. Hindwing: Ground color white; marginal band of year is needed to confirm this record. intensity and color vaJiable, absent to moderately develuped and pink The colored areas of the forewing are usu ally pur­ to a mixture of pink and light gray. Abdomen: Cream with small plish-pink, but some specimens can have more pink brown sputs laterally. Genitalia (Figs. 9-10): Uncus short (0.30 x valve length), robllst. Valve elongate (length 8.3 x width), costal margin gen­ with less of a purplish cast. The median area, be­ tly curved: ampulla minute (0.015 x valve length ); corona present; sac­ tween the colored areas, is white with a hroad light culus well developeu and greatly produced. Juxta quadrate, proximal brown band. This hand can vary in intenSity and margin slightly produced, heavily sclerotized, lorming a distinct bar along marb'in. Aedoeagus slightly curved, dorsal patch of dense minute width. spicules; vesica with 2 and one-half coils and minllte spicules. 202 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY

Female. As in male except forewing length 13-16 111m (N = 12). 29- 30 Sep. 1959 (l 'C ), J. Schaffner, (USNM El\iT 143413) (TAMu) Genitalia (Fig. 13): Papillae ,males triangulate, apex pOinted; dorsal Reeves Co., Pecos, IS Sep. 1952 (5 'C), R. Leuschner, (USNM ENT margin concave. Eighth segment witb fine spicules. Distal margins 14263S-42). Ward Co., Monahans Sandhill State Park, Monahans, of seventh segment with a double row of elongate setae, distal row 20 Sep. 1999 (1 0), rB. Lomhardini, (USNM ENT 143415) longer and more robust than proximal row. Ostium bursa ligbtly (TAVIU). Webb Co., Laredo, 25 Aug. 1926 (1 3), (USNM ENT sclerotized, minute spicules present. Ductus bursa narrow, approxi­ 142615). matly 0.2 x length. Appendix bursa coiled. Corpus bursa ovate; signa Additional material examined. COLORADO: Morgan Co., composed of two scobinate bars. SSW ofFt. Morgan, 40.23°N, 103.80oW, 16 Aug. 1990. M.D. Bowers Types. Holotype: 0, in USNM, with tbe following labels: (1) (JKA). Weld Co., No speCific locality, 40.4:3°N, L04.72°W, FA. Opler Candian, Hemphill Co. , Texas; 1.5 VIII 71; A. & M. Blanchard; (2 ) (CSU); KANSAS: Ellis Co. , No speCific locality, 3S.Ssol\i, 99.33°W, 6 USNM ENT 00142656 [bar code label]; (3 ) Holotype 0, Schini([ Sep. 19.35, H.H. Walkden (SMEK) Finney Co., No specific locality, regina Pogue and Harp. Paratypes. 47 ,5, 53 'i, all in USNM unless .37.9.5°N, 100.900 W, 4 Sep. 1935, I-I.H. Walkden (SMEK). FranlJin no led. COLORADO: No specific locality (l 0 1 9), Bruce [collector] Co., No speCific locality, 3S.58°N, 95.27°W, (FHSU). Morton Co. , No (USNM ENT 143145-6); (19), Oslar (USNM ENT 143147). Adams speCific locality, 37.02°N, 101.92°W, (FHSU). Seward Co., No speCific Co., E of Bennett, 39.74°1\ , 104.41 oW, 21 Aug. 1999 (1 0) C.E. locality, .37.0.5°N, 100.93°W, (FHSU ). Sherman Co., E of Kanorado, Harp (CEtI). Arapahoe Co. , S of Manilla, .39.74°N, 104.52°W, 21 39.32°N, 102.0.5°W, 1 Sep. 1995, James K. Adams (JKA). Stanton Co., Aug. 1999 (l el ), c.E. Harp (CEH). Baca Co. , Picture Canyon, pic­ No speCific locality, .37 ..5.3°N, 101.S8°W, (FHSU). NEBRAS.Ki\: nic area, Comanche National Grassland, sw of Campo, UV trap, Deuel Co., No specific locality, 41.1OoN, 102.48°W, R. Leuschner 37°00.66'N, 102°44.64'W, 25 Aug. 2002 (33 1 'C) , M.G. Pogue & (RL). Lancaster Co., No speCific locality, 40.82°N, 96.68°W, (UNL). c.E. Harp, (USNM ENT 14410-3); Picture Canyon, n. of picnic Lincoln Co., No speCific locality, 41.1.5°N, 100.75°W, (UNL). Scotts area, Comanche National Grassland, sw of Campo, at mv light, Bluff Co., Scotts Bluff, 41.S7°N, 103.67°W, 30 Scpo 1935, H. H. Walk­ 37°01.41'N, 102°44.65'W, 25 Aug. 2002 (7 0 1 'C ), M.e. Pogue & den (FUSU). : Dona Ana Co., Las Cruces, 32.30o N, c.E. Harp, (USNM ENT 144459-(6); Picture Canyon, Comanche 106.7SoW, 12 Sep. 1994, J.K. Adams (JKA). Socorro Co., No speCific National Grassland, sw of Campo, al nlV light, .3TOO.72'N, locality, 34.07°N, 106.92°W, (LACM). OKLAHOMA: Ellis Co. , 1\0 102°44.60'W, 29 Aug. 2002 (2 0), c.E. Harp (CEH); Picture specific locality, 36.27°N, 99.92°W, (ORU). TEXAS: Bailey Co., No Canyon, Comanche National Grassland, sw of Campo, at UV light, speCific locality, 34.2.3°N, 102.73°W, (AMNH). Briscoe Co., Caprock .37°00.66'N, 102°44.60'W, 29 Aug 2002 (l 0), c.E. Harp (CEH); Canyon State Park, 34.47°N, 101.300 W, 29 Sep. 1994, E. Knudson Springfield, s. End of town, along I-Iwy #.31l5/21l7 at truckstop lights, (ECK). Culberson Co., No specific locality, 31.0.5°N, 104.S.5°W, .37°23.LO'N, 102°.36.92'W, 28 Aug. 2002 (3 0 1 'C), c.E. Harp (CEH). (ECK). El Paso Co., Fabens, .31.4.3°N, 106. 13°W. 7 Scpo 1997 (JKA). Cheyenne Co. , 2 mi e. of Aroya, Hwy. #94 at rd. T and rd. 0, La Salle Co., No speCific locality, 28.4,5°N, 99.25°W, (AMNH). Reeves .38°.50.98'N , 103°0979'W, 28 Aug 2002 (3 0 1 Q), C.E. Hmp (CEH). Co., No speCific locality, 31.42°N, 103.500 W, (RL). Sutton Co., No Fremont Co., Penrose, .38.42°N, J05.02°W, 17 Aug. 2001 (2 'C ) 24 speCific locality, 30 ..57°N, 100.65°W. Uvalde Co. , Concan, 29.48°'\1, Aug. 2001 (l 0 1 Y) , C.E. HaIl) (CEH). Jefferson Co. , Morrison, 99.44°W, (JKA). June (2 0), Park, (USNM ENT 14316.5-6). Lincoln Co., Limon, 39.2TN, 103.71°W, 19 Aug. 1998 (1 'C ), C.E. Harp (CEH) Morgan Larval foodplant. Palafoxia sphacelata (Nutt. ex Co., Wiggins, 40.23°N, 104.07°W, 9 Aug. 2000 (Ie' 2 Y), c.E. Hmp (CEH). Otero Co., Vogel Canyon Picnic Area, 1.5 mi S of La Junta, Torr.) Cory (Asteraceae). 4,340 ft., 37°46'13"N, 103°30'46"W, 18 Aug. 1997 (1 ,j), D.J. Wright Flight period. The main Bight is from mid August (DJW); Comanche NG, 15 mi S La Junta, 27 Aug. 2000 (1 9), D.J. to the end of September with a few specimens from Wright (DJW). Prowers Co., Holly, 38.0.5°N, 102. 12°W, 2.5 Aug. 2000 (3 (1 4 'C), C.E. Harp (CEH). Pueblo Co. , Pueblo West, mid June. 38 ..32 °N, 104.74°W, 24 Aug. 2001 (2 0 29), c.E. Harp (CEH). Weld Distribution (Fig. 14). From southern and western Co. , Roggen, 40.17°N, 104.37°W, 9 Aug. 1999 (l 0), 29 Aug. 1999 (l Texas north to the panhandle, northwestern Okla­ 0), C.E. Harp (CEH); E of Roggen, 40.22°N, 104.21°W, 22 Aug. 2001 (1 0), c.E. Harp (CEH); Keenesburg, 40.11oN, 104.52°W, 9 homa, Kansas, and Nebraska and west to southern Aug 2000 (l 0 1 9), 16 Aug. 2000 (1 'C ), C.E. Harp (CEH) KANSAS: New Mexico and eastern Colorado. No speCific locality (13), (USNM ENT 14.3148). Ellis Co., Hays, 6 Discussion. Schinia regina is known to have a Sep. 1935 (1 V), H.K. Walkden, (USN:\1 EI\T 143151). Finney Co., Garden City, .30 Aug. 1935 (l 9), H.K. Walkden, (USNM ENT single brood, Bying from early August through Sep­ 143150). :\1orton Co., Cimaron NG, 7.5 mi N of Elkhart, 2.5 Aug. te mber in the northern parts of its range and during 2000 (2 'C ), 26 Aug. 2000 (2 '7), OJ Wright (DJW). Riley Co., Man­ September in the south. There is a record of a June hattan, 1 Sep. 1937 (1 el ), H.K. Walkdcn, (USNM ENT 14.3149). I\EBRASKA: Dawes Co., Chadron, 42.8.3°N, 103.02°W, 26 July specimen, indicating a partial second brood in some 1976 (1 0), H.R. Lawson (CSC). Scotts Bluff Co. , Scottsbluff, 5 Aug. localities. The peak Bight of S. regina is the end of Au­ (l el ), 3 genitalia slide USNM 46786, 12 Aug. (1 9) , 13 Aug (29), gust with a peak of early October for S. regia. Both Whelan, 14 Aug. (1 'C ), (USNM ENT 1431.52-6). NEW MEXICO: Eddy Co., CampSite, 31°21.4'N, 10.3°46.9'W, 13 June 1979 (19), 19 species overlap in flight period during September. June Hl79 (1 9), D.R. Delorme & H. L. Carrot" (USNM ENT Although adults are readily taken at lights in proximity 143416-7) (TAMU); White[s] City, III Sep 1963 (49), 22 Scpo 1962 to their host plants, they may be seen resting across the (1 0), A. & E. Blanchard, (USNM ENT 143158, 14:3161-4). Luna Co., Deming, 1- 7 Sep. (l 0 2 9), 'i genitalia slide USNM 46787, tops of the f10werheads of Palafoxia dming the early to (USNM ENT 14.3157-60). OKLAHOMA: Cimarron Co. , nw. of mid-morning hours. Eggs are laid in pre-bloom . Black Vl esa State Park, roadside along Gallinas Canyon, 36°57. 72'N, Early ins tar larvae feed within the long, narrow ­ 102°48 ..52'W , 29 Aug. 2002 (4 V), C.E. Harp (CEH). TEXAS: Brew­ ster Co., 1.5-30 Aug. 1926 (1 0), O.C. Poling, (USNM ENT 142637). head, Their presence can be seen as the larvae continue Cottle Co., Paducah, 19 Aug 1971 (3 el), A. & E. Blanchanl, to feed on the early seed palts. This feeding causes the (USNM ENT 1426.53-.5). Hemphill Co., Canadian, 1.5 Aug. 1971 (J maturing flowers to pull apart basally and start to el 1 'C ), A. & E. Blanchard, (USNM ENT 142656-8). La Salle Co. , Artesia Wells, 28 Sep. 1971(1 d 3 9) ,0 genitalia slide US1':M 468.50, squeeze up through the top of the flower. This unique (USNM ENT 142646-9); Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, appearance in still young Bowerheads is indicative of the VOLUME ,57, NUMBER 3 203 internal feeding larva. Only the latter ins tar larvae feed FRANCLEMONT, J. G. & E. L. TODD. 1983. Noctuidae, pp. 120-159. In Hodges, R. W. et al. (eds. ), Check list of the of on the outside of the flowerheads at night and early Am erica north of Mexico. University Press, Cambridge. xxiv, morning, holding on to the stem just below the calyx and 284pp feeding outside through the of the bottom of the flower HARDWICK, D. F. 1996. A monograph to the North American He­ into the maturing seeds and flower parts. liothentinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). David F. Hardvvick, Ot­ tawa, Ontario. 281 pp. Forewing coloration can vary from pink to purplish McDuNN OUGH , J. 19,38. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Canada pink, which is about the same color as in regia. and the of Am erica. Part 1. Macrolepidoptera. Etymology. The species epithet is latin and refers Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Scienccs. 275 pp. to a queen. This reflects a relationship with the specific POOLE, R. W. 1989. Fascicle 118, Noctuidae. Lepidopterorum Cat­ epithet of Schinia regia meaning royal. alogus (New Series), E.J. Brill and Flora and Fauna Publica­ tions, Leiden. xii, 1313 pp. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS POOLE, R. W. & P. GENTILI (EOS.) . 1996. Nomina Insecta Nearc­ tica. A check list of the of . Vol. 3. We thank Paul Z. Goldstein, Field Museum of Natural HistOlY, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Entomological Informa­ Chicago, Illinois for providing label data for the holotype of Schinia tion Services, Rockville, Malyland. 1143 pp. regia. For lending specimens for this study we thank Edward G. Ri­ SMITH , J. B. 1891. List of Lepidoptera of boreal America. P.C. ley, Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Stockhausen, Philadelphia. v, 124 pp. Station, Texas and J. Donald Lafontaine, Canadian National Colle(;­ ---. 1893. A catalogue, bibliographical and synonymical, of the (ion , Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We thank Clifford D. Ferris, species of moths of the Lepidopterous superfamily Noctuidae, Laramie, Wyoming and Natalia J. Vandenberg and David R. Smith, found in horeal America. Bllll U.S. Nat. Mus. 44:1-424. Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, - - -. 1906. New Noctuidae for 1906. T. N.Y. Entomo!' Soc. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC for helpful sug­ 14:9-30. . gestions that greatly improved this paper. STRECKER , F. H. H. l87fl. Lepidoptera, Rhopalocercs and Hctcro­ ceres indigenous and exotic; with descriptions and colored il ­ LITERATURE CITED lustrations. No. 13. Owen's Steam Book and Job Printing Office, Reading, Pennsylvania, pp. 109- 123. BARNES, W. & J. McDuNNOUGII. 1917. Check list of the Lepidoptera orboreal America. Herald Press, Decatur, Illinois. ix, 392 pp. TODD, E. L. 1982. The noctuid type material of John B. Smith DYAR , H. G. 1903 [1902]. A list of North American Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bul­ and key to the literature of this Order of insects. Bulletin of the letin 1645. 228 pp. United States National Museum 52:i- xi, 1- 723. - --. 1921. New Ameri(;an Noduidae and notes. Inse(;utor Ill­ Received /01- publication 9 September 2002; revised and accepted 3 scitiae Menstnllls 9:40-45. April 2003.