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Polia Lamuta (Herz, 1903) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) Discovered in Norway, and Notes on Other Boreo-Montane Species

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Polia Lamuta (Herz, 1903) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) Discovered in Norway, and Notes on Other Boreo-Montane Species © Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 22 December 2020 Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) discovered in Norway, and notes on other boreo-montane species HANNU SAARENMAA Saarenmaa, H. 2020. Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) discovered in Norway, and notes on other boreo-montane species. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 67, 189–195. A single male of Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) was found on the Iškoras mountain in Karasjok, Troms og Finnmark on 15–19 July 2020 with a bait trap. The discovery was expected since the species occurs widely in Northern Finland close to the Norwegian border and in the northernmost Sweden as well. The species lives in sandy, dry and sunny habitats and belongs to the boreal Palearctic continental fauna. Its taxonomy, morphology, ecology, and behavior are briefly reviewed. Occurrence of other boreal Noctuids such as Polia vesperugo Eversmann, 1856 and Xestia gelida (Sparre-Schneider, 1883) in the region is discussed. Key words: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Polia lamuta, Iškoras, new record. Hannu Saarenmaa, Adjunct Professor, Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box. 27, FI-00014 Helsinki. E-mail: [email protected] Introduction raised which meaningful discoveries could be made which would benefit from our experiences In most summers in the past decade the author in Siberia, and are there any white spots on the has spent extensive time studying Lepidoptera map that could be filled? in Russia, first in Karelia and Archangelsk and From the mountains in Karigasniemi (Utsjoki, then in Buryatia and Transbaikalia in Eastern Finland) we have often viewed the massive Siberia (Saarenmaa et al. 2016). The motivation Iškoras mountain (height 644 m a.s.l.) on the is that in the core area of the distribution of the Norwegian side of the Tana river (Troms og Siberian species, where they can be observed Finnmark province, Karasjok municipality) and daily in numbers, one can quickly learn much wondered what Lepidoptera could be collected of their ecology and behavior. This is difficult in there. Search on the Artsdatabanken (2020) Fennoscandia where these species are at the far system did not reveal much – maybe the place has end of their range, are rare, and only seldom can not been visited systematically. be observed. For instance, the immature stages We reasoned that the Iškoras mountain might of Xestia brunneopicta (Matsumura, 1925) were house some rare boreal continental species such described as a result of our 2013 expedition (Ahola as Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) and Polia vesperugo et al. 2015). We now are readying an article of Eversmann, 1856, which have been reported from Arctia menetriesii (Eversmann, 1846) (Tähtinen Karigasniemi area in Finland but had not yet been et al., in prep.). found across the river in Norway (cf. Aarvik et al. In the summer 2020, the planned trip to Russia 2017) (cf. Figure 1). had to be cancelled which opened an opportunity As a side note, it should be stated that the latter- to work again in Lapland. The question was mentioned species Polia vesperugo was until the 189 Saarenmaa: Polia lamuta discovered in Norway FIGURE 1. Map of Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) records from FinBIF Portal (2020). The Iškoras mountain is shown with a red arrow. recent revision of Varga et al. (2017), known by places. So, an expedition to the Iškoras mountain the synonym Polia conspicua (A. Bang-Haas, had to be made. 1912). The species was for the first time detected in Finland at the Saariselkä mountain range in 1980 and at that time, lacking to access to Russian Material and methods collections, was believed to be a species new to the science. It was given the name Polia sabmeana On 15 July 2020, the author placed 8 bait traps in Mikkola, 1982. Since then older specimens have pairs at 4 different altitudes (290 m, 320 m, 400 been picked up from collections and it has become m, and 470 m a.s.l.) near the road that leads to the obvious that this large and distinct species had top of the Iškoras mountain. When the traps were been present in Lapland all of the time but had removed on 19 July 2020, one worn-out male Polia been mixed with another, remotely related species lamuta specimen was found in a beer-based trap Apamea kuusamoensis (Aro, 1900). So, we had at the lowermost altitude. Geographic coordinates large white spots on the map and right in the front (WGS84) are N69.34723, E025.19981, and of our view. accuracy 10 m. Weather during this period was According to our experiences in Finland and in sunny in the beginning but became rainy towards Siberia, these and other boreal Noctuid species can the end. Accumulation of the thermal sum in 2020 with proper techniques be found using trapping was slow which must be taken into account when and by systematic search in their potential resting considering the phenology of the species. 190 Norwegian Journal of Entomology 67, 189–195 (2020) FIGURE 2. The specimen of Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) from the Iškoras mountain at Karasjok, Finnmark, Norway 15–19 July 2020. The specimen has been deposited in the collection of the Arctic University Museum of Norway, University of Troms, under the accession number TSZL-023768. On 28 July 2020, ten bait traps were placed at the 400 m location by Kari Tahvanainen and Jukka Tiittanen. These traps were removed a month later, on 28 August 2020 by Jukka Tiittanen and the author. Trapping only at this altitude was chosen to aim at Polia vesperugo, but none was found. Our Polia lamuta specimen is illustrated in Figure 2. It has been deposited in the Arctic University Museum of Norway, University of Tromsø, and its accession number is TSZL- 023768. FIGURE 3. Jukka Tiittanen pictured on 28 August A list of all Lepidoptera species which were 2020, holding two bait traps at an altitude of 400 m on observed and could be identified is given in Table the Iškoras mountain. 1. Noteworthy is Xestia gelida (Sparre-Schneider, 1883) of which a male specimen arrived in the those manufactured and sold by the purveyor to beer-based trap at the lowermost altitude. After the Lepidopterological Society of Finland, the the holotype specimen was found in Sør-Varanger company Tibiale Ltd (www.tibiale.fi). The model in 1882 (see Aarvik & Christiansen 2011), this is of the trap is 0623-S. As bait in the first attempt the only other record of the species in Troms og both beer-based and wine-based mixtures were Finnmark. used at each altitude. In the second attempt only The bait traps (Figure 3) which were used are beer-based mixture was employed. As killing 191 Saarenmaa: Polia lamuta discovered in Norway TABLE 1. List of Lepidoptera species from the Iškoras mountain in 2020. The columns are: A. Systematic number from Karsholt & Razowski (1996); B. Scientific name, from the above catalog; C. Number of observed individuals at the altitude 290 m on 15–19 July 2020 using 2 bait traps; D. Number of observed individuals at altitudes over 320 m in the same period using 6 bait traps and netting; E. Number of individuals at 400 m on 28 July–28 August 2020 using 10 bait traps A B C D E 4743 Phiaris metallicana (Hübner, 1799) 1 4744 Phiaris schulziana (Fabricius, 1776) 5 4844 Epinotia solandriana (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 5704 Polopeustis altensis (Wocke, 1862) 2 7013 Colias palaeno (Linnaeus, 1761) 2 7410 Erebia pandrose (Borkhausen, 1788) 1 7588 Macaria fusca (Thunberg, 1782) 100 4 8067 Scopula ternata (Schrank, 1802) 10 8250 Xanthorhoe abrasaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) 3 8302 Entephria caesiata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 49 8332 Eulithis populata (Linnaeus, 1758) 12 8346 Dysstroma infuscatum (Tengström, 1869) 1 2 8444 Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen, 1794) 28 8526 Eupithecia satyrata (Hübner, 1813) 10 8783 Acronicta auricoma (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) 5 3 9074 Syngrapha interrogationis (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 9536 Parastichtis suspecta (Hübner, 1817) 1 9655 Lithomoia solidaginis (Hübner, 1803) 43 9989 Papestra biren (Goeze, 1781) 1 9997 Polia lamuta (Herz, 1903) 1 10062 Cerapteryx graminis (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 10089 Diarsia mendica (Fabricius, 1775) 10 6 10093 Diarsia rubi (Vieweg, 1790) 20 32 10161 Eurois occultus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1 10192 Xestia gelida (Sparre-Schneider, 1883) 1 10194 Xestia alpicola (Zetterstedt, 1839) 20 58 43 10198 Xestia tecta (Hübner, 1808) 1 agent in the collecting jars tetrachlorethane Taxonomy and morphology was used, which evaporates slowly and hence facilitates very long operating times between trap According to Varga et al. (2017), Polia lamuta visits (that is, when catches are small and do not was first described by the name Anarta lamuta fill the jars). Herz, 1903. Type-locality is in Russia, at the Uruata Camp place, west of Verkhoyansk, in the current Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Syntypes 192 Norwegian Journal of Entomology 67, 189–195 (2020) are 1 male and 1 female, held in the collection Lapland often follow a dune-mire mosaic-looking of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of landscape pattern. The habitat of the discovery site Sciences, St. Petersburg. is shown in Figures 4 and 5. It is characterized by Interestingly, the epithet asiatica was first mountain birch (Betula pubescens czerepanovii) used for another taxon, based on a specimen and scattered large Scots pine trees (Pinus from Dovre, Norway, held in the collection of sylvestris). the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, to describe The immature stages of Polia lamuta have Anarta richardsoni var. asiatica Staudinger, been described by Ahola (1986). In captivity its 1901. However, the combination with the genus caterpillars have fed on Vaccinium uliginosum, name Polia Ochsenheimer, 1816, the epithet Vaccinium myrtillus, and Polygonum sp. (Ahola was pre occupied, and became a junior secondary and Silvonen 2008).
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