Harris, Bernard (2019) Parsimony and pauperism : poor relief in England, Scotland and Wales in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies, 39 (1). pp. 40-74. ISSN 1748-538X (In Press) , This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/66927/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Strathprints administrator: [email protected]
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Keywords
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Local Population Studies
The Old Poor Law in Scotland: the experience of poverty, 1574-1845
An Act for the punishment of vagabonds, and for relief of the poor and impotent, 1572
The Scottish Poor Law, 1745-1845 Poor relief in Scotland: an outline of the growth and administration of the Poor Laws in Scotland, from the Middle Ages to the present day
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies The Old Poor in Scotland circa Charity and mutual aid in Europe and North America since 1800
Second report of evidence from the Select Committee on the State of the Poor in Ireland The Christian and civic economy of large towns
Journal of the Statistical Society of London
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies The origins of the British welfare state: society, state and social welfare in England and Wales, 1800-1945 Report on Scotland The Old Poor Law in Scotland
Government and social conditions in Scotland, 1845-1919
Social Policy and Administration
Medical History
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies People and society in Scotland. II. 1830-1914
Census of England and Wales, Vol IV: General Report, with Summary Tables and Appendices
Ibid.
The Scottish nation: a modern history My Scotland, our Britain: a future worth sharing ibid. The New Poor Law in the nineteenth century
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care
Ethics and Social Welfare My Scotland, our Britain .
The Oxford Handbook of modern Scottish history
Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Statistical Account of Scotland
First Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Journal of the Royal Statistical Society
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Second Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95 to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix Eighth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 1. Pauperism in Scotland, 1859-1914
Annual Reports Annual Reports
Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Reports
Table 2. Poor law expenditure in Scotland, 1847-1914
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Reports Annual Reports
Appendix Volume VI
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Report
Report
Annual Reports
Nineteenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1913 From pauperism to poverty
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 3. The incidence and cost of pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales, 1860-1914
Annual Reports Annual Reports
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 4. Pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales, by category, 1860-1914
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies From pauperism to poverty
Annual Reports From pauperism to poverty
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 5. Expenditure under different headings per had of population in Scotland and England and Wales, 1860-1914
Annual Reports Annual Reports
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Ibid. Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 6. Child and adult paupers as percentage of the population in Scotland and England and Wales
Annual Reports
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 7. Ages of paupers in Scotland and England and Wales, 31 March 1906
Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland
Report on Scotland Scottish Historical Review
Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland
Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 8. Gender and pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales at higher ages, 31 March 1906
Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland
Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 9. Comparison of day-counts and annual pauper totals, Scotland and England and Wales, 1907.
Average number of days during Ratio of annual total to the year on which each pauper Day-count Annual total day count received assistance Scotland 92,870 149,058 1.61 227.41 England and Wales 793,519 1,709,436 2.15 169.43 Great Britain 886,389 1,858,494 2.10 174.08
Thirteenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1907 Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland
Appendix Volume XXV. Statistics relating to England and Wales
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 10. Pauperism and poor law expenditure in different-sized parishes, 1894/5
First Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1894-5
Census of England and Wales, 1901. Preliminary report and tables of the population and houses enumerated in England and Wales and on the islands of the British Isles on 1st April 1901
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland
Report on Scotland ibid. Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95 to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report from His Majesty’s Commissioners for enquiring into the administration and practical operation of the Poor Laws
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of the Statistical Society of London
Scottish poor laws: their history, policy and operation
Ibid. Poverty and poor law reform in nineteenth-century Britain
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies First Annual Report of the Board of Supervision Second Annual Report of the Board of Supervision
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 11. Poorhouse accommodation in Scotland, 1848-1911
Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95th to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix Seventeenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1911
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Fifth Annual Report of the Board of Supervison for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Scottish Historical Review
Government and social conditions in Scotland, 1845-1919 From pauperism to poverty
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland ibid. Appendix Volume VI The solidarities of strangers: the English Poor Laws and the people, 1700-1948
The workhouse system, 1834-1919: the history of an English social institution
From pauperism to poverty
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 12. Pauperism in Scotland, Wales and English regions, 31 March 1906
Social Science History Report on Scotland Appendix Volume XXV. Statistics relating to England and Wales Supplement to Registrar-General’s seventy-fifth annual report. Part III. Registration summary tables, 1901-10
Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Social Science History
Fourth Report of the Royal Commission on Friendly and Benefit Building Societies Abstract of British historical statistics
Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Ibid.
Journal of British Studies Ibid.
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Lancet
The aged poor in England and Wales Journal of Social Policy
Government and social conditions The workhouse system The hospitals, 1800-1948: a study in social administration in England and Wales , Report on Scotland
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Poverty and welfare in Scotland, 1890-1948
Scottish Historical Review ibid. Twentieth Century British History
Journal of Scottish Historical Studies