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Poor Relief in England, Scotland and Wales in the Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth Centuries

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Poor Relief in England, Scotland and Wales in the Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth Centuries Harris, Bernard (2019) Parsimony and pauperism : poor relief in England, Scotland and Wales in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies, 39 (1). pp. 40-74. ISSN 1748-538X (In Press) , This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/66927/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. 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Abstract Keywords Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Local Population Studies The Old Poor Law in Scotland: the experience of poverty, 1574-1845 An Act for the punishment of vagabonds, and for relief of the poor and impotent, 1572 The Scottish Poor Law, 1745-1845 Poor relief in Scotland: an outline of the growth and administration of the Poor Laws in Scotland, from the Middle Ages to the present day Journal of Scottish Historical Studies The Old Poor in Scotland circa Charity and mutual aid in Europe and North America since 1800 Second report of evidence from the Select Committee on the State of the Poor in Ireland The Christian and civic economy of large towns Journal of the Statistical Society of London Journal of Scottish Historical Studies The origins of the British welfare state: society, state and social welfare in England and Wales, 1800-1945 Report on Scotland The Old Poor Law in Scotland Government and social conditions in Scotland, 1845-1919 Social Policy and Administration Medical History Journal of Scottish Historical Studies People and society in Scotland. II. 1830-1914 Census of England and Wales, Vol IV: General Report, with Summary Tables and Appendices Ibid. The Scottish nation: a modern history My Scotland, our Britain: a future worth sharing ibid. The New Poor Law in the nineteenth century Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Scottish Journal of Residential Child Care Ethics and Social Welfare My Scotland, our Britain . The Oxford Handbook of modern Scottish history Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Statistical Account of Scotland First Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Second Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95 to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix Eighth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 1. Pauperism in Scotland, 1859-1914 Annual Reports Annual Reports Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Reports Table 2. Poor law expenditure in Scotland, 1847-1914 Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Reports Annual Reports Appendix Volume VI Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Annual Report Report Annual Reports Nineteenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1913 From pauperism to poverty Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 3. The incidence and cost of pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales, 1860-1914 Annual Reports Annual Reports Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 4. Pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales, by category, 1860-1914 Journal of Scottish Historical Studies From pauperism to poverty Annual Reports From pauperism to poverty Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 5. Expenditure under different headings per had of population in Scotland and England and Wales, 1860-1914 Annual Reports Annual Reports Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Ibid. Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 6. Child and adult paupers as percentage of the population in Scotland and England and Wales Annual Reports Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 7. Ages of paupers in Scotland and England and Wales, 31 March 1906 Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland Report on Scotland Scottish Historical Review Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 8. Gender and pauperism in Scotland and England and Wales at higher ages, 31 March 1906 Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 9. Comparison of day-counts and annual pauper totals, Scotland and England and Wales, 1907. Average number of days during Ratio of annual total to the year on which each pauper Day-count Annual total day count received assistance Scotland 92,870 149,058 1.61 227.41 England and Wales 793,519 1,709,436 2.15 169.43 Great Britain 886,389 1,858,494 2.10 174.08 Thirteenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1907 Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Report on Scotland Appendix Volume XXV. Statistics relating to England and Wales Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 10. Pauperism and poor law expenditure in different-sized parishes, 1894/5 First Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1894-5 Census of England and Wales, 1901. Preliminary report and tables of the population and houses enumerated in England and Wales and on the islands of the British Isles on 1st April 1901 Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland Report on Scotland ibid. Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95 to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report from His Majesty’s Commissioners for enquiring into the administration and practical operation of the Poor Laws Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of the Statistical Society of London Scottish poor laws: their history, policy and operation Ibid. Poverty and poor law reform in nineteenth-century Britain Journal of Scottish Historical Studies First Annual Report of the Board of Supervision Second Annual Report of the Board of Supervision Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 11. Poorhouse accommodation in Scotland, 1848-1911 Appendix Volume VI. Minutes of Evidence (95th to 110th days and 139th and 149th days) with Appendix Seventeenth Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, 1911 Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Fifth Annual Report of the Board of Supervison for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland Scottish Historical Review Government and social conditions in Scotland, 1845-1919 From pauperism to poverty Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland ibid. Appendix Volume VI The solidarities of strangers: the English Poor Laws and the people, 1700-1948 The workhouse system, 1834-1919: the history of an English social institution From pauperism to poverty Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Table 12. Pauperism in Scotland, Wales and English regions, 31 March 1906 Social Science History Report on Scotland Appendix Volume XXV. Statistics relating to England and Wales Supplement to Registrar-General’s seventy-fifth annual report. Part III. Registration summary tables, 1901-10 Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Social Science History Fourth Report of the Royal Commission on Friendly and Benefit Building Societies Abstract of British historical statistics Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Ibid. Journal of British Studies Ibid. Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Lancet The aged poor in England and Wales Journal of Social Policy Government and social conditions The workhouse system The hospitals, 1800-1948: a study in social administration in England and Wales , Report on Scotland Journal of Scottish Historical Studies Poverty and welfare in Scotland, 1890-1948 Scottish Historical Review ibid. Twentieth Century British History Journal of Scottish Historical Studies .
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