A BRIEF HISTORY It’s the summer of 1968. Saul Zaentz and his partners had just acquired Fantasy Records the year before from Max and Sol Weiss, the label’s original owners. Creedence Clearwater Revival, after several years of name changes and failed singles, had just released their first Fantasy album, which contained the band’s breakthrough record “Susie Q.” And Jim Stern was working as Fantasy’s staff R&B drummer at the label’s 30th and Peralta headquarters in Oakland. “We had a room in the back,” says Stern, “with an eight-track tape recorder but no console.” There, he played on records made by staff producers Ray Shanklin (vocalist Lenny Williams) and Jesse Osborne (singer/guitarist Alice Stuart). Stern also had an electronics degree and had already done some audio work with Dan Healy and the Grateful Dead when Zaentz hired him as Fantasy’s first (and at the time only) engineer. The extraordinary success of Creedence in the late ’60s led to Fantasy’s expansion on several fronts, including the construction of a new two-story building at the corner of Tenth and Parker in Berkeley. Containing three recording studios (A, B, and C) and a mastering room as well as offices and a spacious warehouse, the facility opened in February 1971. (Studio C, with a separate entrance, was built expressly for Creedence.) Zaentz tapped Stern to run the studio operations. As chief engineer, Stern built and equipped the studios, rebuilt a couple of the echo chambers, created the second-floor tape vault, and—for nearly a decade—hired and trained staff. “I hired musicians,” he says, “and had them go to school to learn electronics, then they learned audio on the job. I hired the first black engineer in the Bay Area [Steve Williams], out of radio, and the first woman engineer [Nyya Lark]. A couple of good people came from the Fantasy warehouse; I gave them the FANTASY STUDIOS AT ZAENTZ MEDIA CENTER 2600 Tenth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 . 510 486 2038 . www.fantasystudios.com basic electricity and electronics books to study, and that’s how Jackson Schwartz and Phil Kaffel came in.” Following Fantasy Records’ purchase of the Prestige and Riverside catalogs in 1971 and ’72 respectively, the company’s recording activities increased exponentially. In the fall of 1972, Riverside’s co-founder and chief producer Orrin Keepnews was hired as Director of Jazz A&R, responsible for implementing Fantasy’s large-scale plans for jazz recording. The in-house studios figured prominently in those plans. “It turned out that I was still spending most of my working hours, day and night, in one recording studio or another,” says Keepnews. The Fantasy job required the New York native to relocate to Berkeley, “but now getting to my favorite studios no longer involved a hectic taxi or bus ride through Manhattan. Instead it just called for a short walk down an office corridor.” During the 1970s, Keepnews oversaw a jazz recording program that rivaled any in the industry—and virtually all of the recording, mixing, and mastering took place on the premises of Tenth and Parker. Since Fantasy artist agreements offered free studio time, says Stern, “All three studios were always cooking. Very seldom did I have a studio down, because everybody wanted in. We were very busy. We did a lot of records.” Stern himself produced sessions by Fantasy artists including Country Joe McDonald, Cal Tjader, Bola Sete, and Frank Hayhurst. Among the other producers who worked at Fantasy during this period were Harvey Fuqua (Sylvester), Hank Cosby (Rance Allen, the Originals), Helen Keane (Bill Evans), Donald Byrd (the Blackbyrds), Gene and Billy Page (Stanley Turrentine), Larry and Fonce Mizell (Johnny “Hammond” Smith”), David Axelrod (Cannonball Adderley, Hampton Hawes), Billy Cobham (Pete and Sheila Escovedo), Wayne Henderson (Pleasure, Side Effect), and Ed Michel (who reactivated the Galaxy imprint with Art Pepper and Red Garland, to name just two). Some of the other jazz artists who passed through Fantasy in the 1970s were Sonny Rollins, FANTASY STUDIOS AT ZAENTZ MEDIA CENTER 2600 Tenth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 . 510 486 2038 . www.fantasystudios.com McCoy Tyner, and Ron Carter, who each recorded as leaders in addition to recording and touring as the Milestone Jazzstars; Bill Evans and Tony Bennett; Joe Williams, Gary Bartz, Hank Jones, Patrice Rushen, Tommy Flanagan, Flora Purim, Gene Ammons, Nat Adderley, Johnny Griffin, Woody Herman, and Dewey Redman. “We were the cutting-edge studio in the Bay Area,” says Stern. “We used Studio A for the film stuff in the early days, before the film center was built. I had a movable mixing console; we did live recording [i.e., with a live audience in the studio, as for Cannonball Adderley’s Inside Straight], big string dates [McCoy Tyner’s Fly with the Wind], and big parties [for One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest] . ” The immense success achieved by Cuckoo’s Nest, which was produced by Saul Zaentz (with Michael Douglas), prompted another round of expansion in both the film and recording spheres. Plans for a new seven-story structure, to adjoin the existing building at Tenth and Parker, got underway in the late ‘70s. The new facility would house the Saul Zaentz Film Center, envisioned to be a major post-production hub, and would also include a fourth recording studio, the state-of-the-art Studio D. The Film Center came online in 1980, with Studio D following later that year. For the first time in its existence, Fantasy Studios was open to the public. Roy Segal, the legendary CBS Studios engineer, had joined the Fantasy staff shortly before the new facility opened, replacing Jim Stern. In 1982 he hired Nina Bombardier, a veteran of the Record Plant and Wally Heider Recording, as studio manager. “When you looked at D, it was drop-dead gorgeous. Then you looked at the other rooms,” Bombardier recalls. “We needed to modernize those rooms to 1980s standards, and we did just that—A came first, then C, then B in 1985.” Once that modernization had been completed, “things were on a more even keel, which allowed the studios to sell themselves. We had a lot of variety; it was a pretty happening place,” says Bombardier. “We had the tape copy room and mastering [with George Horn]. We were the first studio, FANTASY STUDIOS AT ZAENTZ MEDIA CENTER 2600 Tenth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 . 510 486 2038 . www.fantasystudios.com I’m sure, in a very wide area to get into digital technology and to clean up tapes, which enabled the record company to release far more material than they’d thought possible. “Through the ’80s and ’90s, we attracted people from all over the world—bands from Europe, Japan, South America. We had a huge notoriety. As genres of music came and went, that’s the kind of music we were doing. In any given year, we had rock ‘’n’ roll, thrash, heavy metal, punk, alternative—you name it—we were there.” During the 20-plus years of Bombardier’s management, Fantasy Studios developed an exceptionally diverse clientele that included Green Day, Robert Cray, Joe Satriani, Chris Isaak, Sammy Hagar, Tesla, Journey, Santana, En Vogue, Bobby McFerrin, Aerosmith, the Counting Crows, Jeffrey Osborne, and countless others. Foley and ADR work started in the 1980s, and “we built that Foley stage [in A] so the film center could offer an entire post-production package. The sound supervisor could simply pop down after lunch and sit with the crew, observe, make changes. “As the film department’s technology advanced, we’d have to update our technology to meet theirs. The mid-’90s was when digital technology really took off and things started changing for everyone. With ProTools, musicians had the opportunity to do more on their own.” Even so, Santana recorded their multi-platinum “comeback” disc Supernatural in 1998 and ’99 at Fantasy, and in 2000 Fantasy Studios was named Billboard magazine’s #1 Recording Studio in America. In late 2004, Saul Zaentz and his partners sold the Fantasy label and all the studio equipment to Concord Records (later known as the Concord Music Group) who became a tenant in the building. In January 2007, the building, including the studios, was sold to Wareham Development, a local real estate developer and property manager with a large portfolio of nearby properties and a reputation for making long-term investments in the properties they develop. At the end of 2007, Concord Music FANTASY STUDIOS AT ZAENTZ MEDIA CENTER 2600 Tenth Street, Berkeley, CA 94710 . 510 486 2038 . www.fantasystudios.com Group consolidated their operations in Beverly Hills. Recognizing the significance of the studios and being huge music fans themselves, Wareham’s principals negotiated with Concord to purchase all of the studio recording equipment and obtained a long-term license to the Fantasy Studios name. Wareham committed to making what is now called the Zaentz Media Center into a world-class media center and was already involved in major renovations to the building; the studios have likewise undergone a major overhaul. Producer Jeffrey Wood, a 25-year industry veteran, has come on board as the facility’s new studio director. Under Wood’s direction, Fantasy Studios continues to flourish. In the first half of 2008 alone, the studios have hosted a diverse clientele that includes Camper Van Beethoven, Allen Toussaint, Trombone Shorty, Joe Henry, Joe Lovano, Dave Douglas, Danny Glover, Henry Kaiser, Academy Award winner Steven Okazaki, Music for Animals, Audrye Sessions, Bill Frisell and many more. Orrin Keepnews, who left Fantasy’s employ in the early ’80s, has continued to work in the studios and has probably logged more time there than any single producer.