DOCSLIB.ORG

Federal Register/Vol. 86, No. 158/Thursday, August 19, 2021

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Federal Register/Vol. 86, No. 158/Thursday, August 19, 2021 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 158 / Thursday, August 19, 2021 / Notices 46685 Based on the results of our analysis, abundance estimate, NMFS will stock abundance reports (SAR; NMFS has determined that the level of determine that the numbers of marine www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/ taking expected for this survey and mammals taken of a species or stock are marine-mammal-protection/marine- authorized through the LOA is small. For more information please see mammal-stock-assessments) and model- consistent with the findings made for NMFS’ discussion of the MMPA’s small predicted abundance information the total taking allowable under the numbers requirement provided in the (https://seamap.env.duke.edu/models/ regulations. See Table 1 in this notice final rule (86 FR 5322, 5438; January 19, Duke/GOM/). For the latter, for taxa and Table 9 of the rule (86 FR 5322; 2021). where a density surface model could be January 19, 2021). The take numbers for authorization, produced, we use the maximum mean Small Numbers Determination which are determined as described seasonal (i.e., 3-month) abundance Under the GOM rule, NMFS may not above, are used by NMFS in making the prediction for purposes of comparison authorize incidental take of marine necessary small numbers as a precautionary smoothing of month- mammals in an LOA if it will exceed determinations, through comparison to-month fluctuations and in ‘‘small numbers.’’ In short, when an with the best available abundance consideration of a corresponding lack of acceptable estimate of the individual estimates (see discussion at 86 FR 5322, data in the literature regarding seasonal marine mammals taken is available, if 5391; January 19, 2021). For this distribution of marine mammals in the the estimated number of individual comparison, NMFS’ approach is to use GOM. Information supporting the small animals taken is up to, but not greater the maximum theoretical population, numbers determinations is provided in than, one-third of the best available determined through review of current Table 1. TABLE 1—TAKE ANALYSIS Authorized Percent Species Abundance 2 take 1 abundance Rice’s whale 3 .............................................................................................................................. 0 51 n/a Sperm whale ................................................................................................................................ 2 2,207 0.1 Kogia spp ..................................................................................................................................... 1 4,373 0.0 Beaked whales ............................................................................................................................ 40 3,768 1.1 Rough-toothed dolphin ................................................................................................................ 1 4,853 0.0 Bottlenose dolphin ....................................................................................................................... 83 176,108 0.0 Clymene dolphin .......................................................................................................................... 2 11,895 0.0 Atlantic spotted dolphin ............................................................................................................... 18 74,785 0.0 Pantropical spotted dolphin ......................................................................................................... 10 102,361 0.0 Spinner dolphin ............................................................................................................................ 3 25,114 0.0 Striped dolphin ............................................................................................................................. 1 5,229 0.0 Fraser’s dolphin ........................................................................................................................... 0 1,665 n/a Risso’s dolphin ............................................................................................................................. 1 3,764 0.0 Melon-headed whale ................................................................................................................... 2 7,003 0.0 Pygmy killer whale ....................................................................................................................... 0 2,126 n/a False killer whale ......................................................................................................................... 0 3,204 n/a Killer whale .................................................................................................................................. 0 267 n/a Short-finned pilot whale ............................................................................................................... 0 1,981 n/a 1 Scalar ratios were not applied in this case due to brief survey duration. 2 Best abundance estimate. For most taxa, the best abundance estimate for purposes of comparison with take estimates is considered here to be the model-predicted abundance (Roberts et al., 2016). For those taxa where a density surface model predicting abundance by month was produced, the maximum mean seasonal abundance was used. For those taxa where abundance is not predicted by month, only mean annual abundance is available. For the killer whale, the larger estimated SAR abundance estimate is used. 3 The final rule refers to the GOM Bryde’s whale (Balaenoptera edeni). These whales were subsequently described as a new species, Rice’s whale (Balaenoptera ricei) (Rosel et al., 2021). Based on the analysis contained LOA is of no more than small numbers. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE herein of Telesis’s proposed survey Accordingly, we have issued an LOA to activity described in its LOA Telesis authorizing the take of marine Office of the Secretary application and the anticipated take of mammals incidental to its geophysical Community Input on Noise Mitigation marine mammals, NMFS finds that survey activity, as described above. small numbers of marine mammals will Dated: August 13, 2021. AGENCY: Office of Local Defense be taken relative to the affected species Community Cooperation, Department of Shannon Bettridge, or stock sizes (i.e., less than one-third of Defense (DoD). Acting Director, Office of Protected Resources, the best available abundance estimate) ACTION: Request for information. and therefore the taking is of no more National Marine Fisheries Service. than small numbers. [FR Doc. 2021–17746 Filed 8–18–21; 8:45 am] SUMMARY: The Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation (OLDCC) is Authorization BILLING CODE 3510–22–P carrying out an effort requested under NMFS has determined that the level the report accompanying the of taking for this LOA request is Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, consistent with the findings made for to, in part, work with communities to the total taking allowable under the find measures that would mitigate noise incidental take regulations and that the caused by defense fixed wing aviation amount of take authorized under the activities. Approximately 205 active and VerDate Sep<11>2014 17:28 Aug 18, 2021 Jkt 253001 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\19AUN1.SGM 19AUN1 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with NOTICES1 46686 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 158 / Thursday, August 19, 2021 / Notices reserve installations have been SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office Secretaries to define parameters for a identified with ‘‘covered facilities’’ of Local Defense Community responsive and competitive noise (hospitals, daycare facilities, schools, Cooperation seeks to work with mitigation program, including eligible facilities serving senior citizens, and communities and the Service Secretaries activities, and publish a Federal private residences) that appear to be to find measures that would mitigate Funding Opportunity Forecast for located within one mile or a day-night any impacts from noise caused by public comments later this year. average sound level of 65 decibel or defense fixed wing aviation activities, (1) Are you aware of noise problems greater of a military installation or with special attention to communities within your jurisdiction as a result of another location at which military fixed with new airframes, noting ‘‘all types of military fixed wing aviation activities? wing aircraft are stationed. OLDCC is mitigation efforts should be considered (2) What type of sound attenuation requesting affected communities for implementation.’’ activities are you either presently adjacent to those 205 active and reserve A significant portion of working with undertaking or believe is necessary to installations to provide feedback communities at this time is to solicit address the jet (military fixed wing through a web portal on measures to feedback from leaders and other citizens aircraft) noise issues in your mitigate defense aviation noise for of civilian jurisdictions within one mile jurisdiction—please provide as much OLDCC to consider in its efforts to or a day-night average sound level of 65 detail as possible? or greater of a military installation listed develop a community noise mitigation (3) Are there disadvantaged or in the following list in this notice on program in collaboration with the underserved populations in your Service Secretaries. what mitigation efforts should be specifically considered for this program. jurisdiction that may be unaware of this DATES: Affected jurisdictions should This feedback will be through answers
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Resilient Response
    RESILIENT RESPONSE TOURISM REIMAGINED INCLUSIVE COMMUNITY SUMMER 2021 3 LIGHTER, BRIGHTER DOWNTOWN TOURNEY TOWN Downtown Sioux City is lightening up. From youth sports to college-level athletes, Sioux WorkingWorking with Downtown Partners, the City of Sioux City first placed City is teaming with tournament opportunities. festoon lighting at Fourth and Court Streets and then—with support “For“For years, local families have traveled great from the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino—at Fourth and Pearl Streets. distances to participate in youth sports,” states Next, colored LED lights will be added beneath the three skywalks Matt Salvatore, Sioux City parks & recreation between Pearl and Historic Fourth Streets. Ultimately, the vision is director. “Now the Siouxland Expo Center and to create a pedestrian walking corridor between downtown’s two other locations in Siouxland can bring new and most popular entertainment districts, explains Downtown Partners even larger youth sports programs into our town. Executive Director Ragen Cote. It’s also a major goal to develop Not only does this benefit local families, but it also lighted pathways that connect pedestrians with the riverfront. “This stimulates the local economy.” lighting effort isn’t something we’ve done on a whim,” she says. In its firstfirst sixsix months,months, thethe ExpoExpo CenterCenter hostedhosted “There is a plan and a purpose, and I think that’s important for four 18-team softball/baseball tournaments and a people to see.” 140-team volleyball tournament. Added lightinglighting should encourage more foot traffic along pedestrian DustinDustin Cooper, executive director of the Arena corridors, turning drivers into pedestrians. “That’s key,” notes Cote, Sports Academy, relays similar success.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Corps Anniversary Tomorrow
    TUESDAY. N O V EM BER 9, 1943___________________ ___________ PUBLISHED BY ASSOCIATED STUDENTS AT FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA __________________________ V O L 13— N O . 17 MARINE CORPS ANNIVERSARY TOMORROW Top Three Aces " Semper Fidelis” BIRTHDAY OF 168 YEARS DUTY Of World War II ON LAND, AT SEA, IN THE AIR Leathernecks CELEBRATED BY LEATHERNECK Tomorrow,Wednesday, November 10, 1943, commem­ A third Marine flier has. orates the one hundredsixty-eighth anniversary of the joined the exclusive ranks of founding of the United States l^arine Corps. The anniver­ aces " ho have reached the 20 sary falls on the eve of Armistice Day, which, in a sense, mark in enemy planes shot is fitting, since the Marine Corps has been a great factor down in World War II. "Sfor peace as well as w’ar. The past A belated report of a Marine year has been a year filled with fighter sweep over Kahili airdrome action; action painted red with the 18 October reveals that Major Marine Detachment blood of United States Marines. Gregory Boyington commanding Places such as Guadalcanal, the “Black Sheep” squadron of Munda, Eogai, Inlet, Rendova, Corsairs, shot down his 20th Jap Gets Ten Trainees Vella Lavella, Kolombangara are plane and is now the leading fight­ but a few of the names ever to be er in action in the South Pacific. remembered in the annals of the His 19-plane group shot down 8 of From Active Duty Corps. They will be placed along­ 20 attacking Zeroes during the bat­ side Belleau Wood, St. Mihiel and tle to raise its total to 58.
    [Show full text]
  • Coburn Amendment #1752 – to Strike $6 Million for the Small Community Air Service Development Program (SCASDP) This Amendment
    Coburn Amendment #1752 – To strike $6 million for the Small Community Air Service Development Program (SCASDP) This amendment would strike funding in the bill for the Small Community Air Service Development Program, for which both President Obama or President Bush never requested funding. SCASDP was created in 2000 to increase air service at small airports SCASDP’s core objective is to award grants to airports with “insufficient air carrier service” or high air fares to be used to secure sufficient and cost- effective air carrier service.1 SCASDP grants are mainly used for revenue guarantees to attract new commercial airline routes and for marketing efforts to promote new or existing air routes. SCASDP has awarded for $146,147,822 since funding started in 2002.2 SCASDP Is Ineffective While the goal of SCASDP is for grants to establish long-term sustainable air service, the program has been unsuccessful in attaining any sustainability after the grant benefits expire. The core of the problem with SCASDP is that it is premised on temporary actions sustaining permanent benefits. In reality, most of the airports that receive these grants cannot sustain the commercial service they are seeking, as airlines discontinue the SCASDP funded route once the revenue guarantees run out. In 2008, an FAA Inspector General (IG) study reviewed SCASDP and found that “Most Projects Failed to Fully Achieve Their Objectives.” Specifically 62.5% of projects failed to attain even a single project goal, while 70% failed to fully achieve their objectives.3 SCASDP overlaps ineffectively with the existing Essential Air Service (EAS) program A similar program, Essential Air Service (EAS), subsidizes commercial flights to small community airports that operated before the deregulation of the airline industry in 1978.
    [Show full text]
  • 0511Bases.Pdf
    Guide to Air Force Installations Worldwide ■ 2011 USAF Almanac Active Duty Installations Abbreviations ABW/G Air Base Wing/Group This section includes Air Force owned and operated command: ACC. Major units/missions: 9th ACW/S Air Control Wing/Squadron facilities around the world. (It also lists the former RW (ACC), ISR and UAV operations; 548th ISRG AFB Air Force Base USAF bases now under other service leadership (AFISRA), DCGS; 940th Wing (AFRC), C2, ISR, AFDW Air Force District of Washington as joint bases.) It is not a complete list of units and UAV operations. History: opened October AFGLSC Air Force Global Logistics Support Center by base. Many USAF installations host numerous 1942 as Army’s Camp Beale. Named for Edward F. AFISRA Air Force ISR Agency tenants, not just other USAF units but DOD, joint, Beale, a former Navy officer who became a hero AFNWC Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center AFOSI Air Force Office of Special Investigations other service, and federal and civil entities. of the Mexican-American War and early devel- AFRICOM US Africa Command oper of California, as well as a senior appointee/ AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory Altus AFB, Okla. 73523-5000. Nearest city: Al- diplomat for four Presidents. Transferred to USAF AFS Air Force Station tus. Phone: 580-482-8100. Owning command: 1948. Designated AFB April 1951. AFWA Air Force Weather Agency AETC. Unit/mission: 97th AMW (AETC), training. AGOW Air Ground Operations Wing History: activated January 1943. Inactivated Brooks City-Base, Tex., 78235-5115. Nearest ALC Air Logistics Center May 1945. Reactivated August 1953. city: San Antonio.
    [Show full text]
  • Doolittle and Eaker Said He Was the Greatest Air Commander of All Time
    Doolittle and Eaker said he was the greatest air commander of all time. LeMayBy Walter J. Boyne here has never been anyone like T Gen. Curtis E. LeMay. Within the Air Force, he was extraordinarily successful at every level of com- mand, from squadron to the entire service. He was a brilliant pilot, preeminent navigator, and excel- lent bombardier, as well as a daring combat leader who always flew the toughest missions. A master of tactics and strategy, LeMay not only played key World War II roles in both Europe and the Pacific but also pushed Strategic Air Command to the pinnacle of great- ness and served as the architect of victory in the Cold War. He was the greatest air commander of all time, determined to win as quickly as possible with the minimum number of casualties. At the beginning of World War II, by dint of hard work and train- ing, he was able to mold troops and equipment into successful fighting units when there were inadequate resources with which to work. Under his leadership—and with support produced by his masterful relations with Congress—he gained such enor- During World War II, Gen. Curtis E. LeMay displayed masterful tactics and strategy that helped the US mous resources for Strategic Air prevail first in Europe and then in the Pacific. Even Command that American opponents Soviet officers and officials acknowledged LeMay’s were deterred. brilliant leadership and awarded him a military deco- “Tough” is always the word that ration (among items at right). springs to mind in any consideration of LeMay.
    [Show full text]
  • Center for Public History
    Volume 8 • Number 2 • spriNg 2011 CENTER FOR PUBLIC HISTORY Oil and the Soul of Houston ast fall the Jung Center They measured success not in oil wells discovered, but in L sponsored a series of lectures the dignity of jobs well done, the strength of their families, and called “Energy and the Soul of the high school and even college graduations of their children. Houston.” My friend Beth Rob- They did not, of course, create philanthropic foundations, but ertson persuaded me that I had they did support their churches, unions, fraternal organiza- tions, and above all, their local schools. They contributed their something to say about energy, if own time and energies to the sort of things that built sturdy not Houston’s soul. We agreed to communities. As a boy, the ones that mattered most to me share the stage. were the great youth-league baseball fields our dads built and She reflected on the life of maintained. With their sweat they changed vacant lots into her grandfather, the wildcatter fields of dreams, where they coached us in the nuances of a Hugh Roy Cullen. I followed with thoughts about the life game they loved and in the work ethic needed later in life to of my father, petrochemical plant worker Woodrow Wilson move a step beyond the refineries. Pratt. Together we speculated on how our region’s soul—or My family was part of the mass migration to the facto- at least its spirit—had been shaped by its famous wildcat- ries on the Gulf Coast from East Texas, South Louisiana, ters’ quest for oil and the quest for upward mobility by the the Valley, northern Mexico, and other places too numerous hundreds of thousands of anonymous workers who migrat- to name.
    [Show full text]
  • Procedures in Complex Systems: the Airline Cockpit
    IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-27(3), pp. 302-312. PROCEDURES IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS: THE AIRLINE COCKPIT Asaf Degani San Jose State University Foundation San Jose, CA Earl L. Wiener University of Miami Coral Gables, FL ABSTRACT In complex human-machine systems, successful operations depend on a elaborate set of procedures which are specified by the operational management of the organization. These procedures indicate to the human operator (in this case the pilot) the manner in which operational management intends to have various tasks performed. The intent is to provide guidance to the pilots and to ensure a safe, logical, efficient, and predictable (standardized) means of carrying out the objectives of the job. However, procedures can become a hodge-podge. Inconsistent or illogical procedures may lead to non-compliance by operators. Based on a field study with three major airlines, the authors propose a model for procedure development which we call “The Four P's:” philosophy, policies, procedures, and practices. The various factors, both external and internal to the cockpit, that must be considered for procedure design are presented. In particular, the paper addresses the development of procedures for automated cockpits—a decade-long, and highly controversial issue in commercial aviation. Although this paper is based on airline operations, we believe that the principles discussed are also applicable to other high- risk supervisory control systems, such as space flight, manufacturing process control, nuclear power production, and military operations. I. INTRODUCTION A complex human-machine system consists of more than merely one or more human operators and a collection of hardware components.
    [Show full text]
  • HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDING SURVEY Southwest System Support Office National Park Service P.O
    KELLY AIR FORCE BASE, CADET BARRACKS HABS No. TX-3396-AG (Kelly Air Force Base, Building 1676) 205 Gilmore Drive San Antonio Bexar County Texas PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA FIELD RECORDS HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDING SURVEY Southwest System Support Office National Park Service P.O. Box 728 Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504 HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY KELLY AIR FORCE BASE, CADET BARRACKS HABS No. TX-3396-AG (Kelly Air Force Base, Building 1676) Location: 205 Gilmore Drive San Antonio Bexar County Texas Quadrangle BT~4 CoordtnateS'~-t4, -Northillg~ 56300rr,~0 (San Antonio, Texas, 7.S-minute USGS Quadrangle) Date of Construction: November 24, 1940 Present Owner: U.S. Air Force Kelly Air Force Base San Antonio, Texas 78241 Current Occupants: 76 SPTG/SUBMO; Visiting Officers Quarters (VOQ) (1-10) Original Owners: U.S. Army; U.S. Army Air Force (Kelly Field) Original Use: Cadet Barracks and Open Mess Current Use: VOQ and Officers' Club KELLY AIR FORCE BASE. CADET BARRACKS (Kelly Air Force Base, Building 1676) HABS No. TX-3396-AG (Page 2) Significance: Building 1676 was completed on November 24, 1940, and was first used as a Cadet Barracks to replace dilapidated World War I facilities. In 1943, when flight training ceased at Kelly Air Force Base (AFB), the building was redesignated as a Bachelor Officers' Quarters and Operations Hotel (OPS). The building was associated with activities of the San Antonio Air Service Command (1944-1946) and San Antonio Air Materiel Area (1946-1974) during a time when Kelly Field and depot were the largest such facilities in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • 5001-06 DEPARTMENT of DEFENSE Office of the Secretary
    This document is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on 08/19/2021 and available online at Billing Code: 5001-06 federalregister.gov/d/2021-17775, and on govinfo.gov DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary Community Input on Noise Mitigation AGENCY: Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation, Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: Request for information. SUMMARY: The Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation (OLDCC) is carrying out an effort requested under the report accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, to, in part, work with communities to find measures that would mitigate noise caused by defense fixed wing aviation activities. Approximately 205 active and reserve installations have been identified with “covered facilities” (hospitals, daycare facilities, schools, facilities serving senior citizens, and private residences) that appear to be located within one mile or a day-night average sound level of 65 decibel or greater of a military installation or another location at which military fixed wing aircraft are stationed. OLDCC is requesting affected communities adjacent to those 205 active and reserve installations to provide feedback through a web portal on measures to mitigate defense aviation noise for OLDCC to consider in its efforts to develop a community noise mitigation program in collaboration with the Service Secretaries. DATES: Affected jurisdictions should provide feedback by [INSERT DATE 45 DAYS AFTER PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments by any of the following methods: A web portal (https://forms.office.com/g/3pp0UCdArk) has been specifically designed to receive this feedback from these jurisdictions over a 45-day period following publication of this notice.
    [Show full text]
  • Nation's Top Cybersecurity Program Leaps Forward with Infrastructure Investments to Advance Government–University–Industry
    Nation’s top cybersecurity program leaps forward with infrastructure investments to advance Government–University–Industry partnerships in the interest of national security Leveraging Government-University-Industry Partnerships Governmental agencies are calling for greater collaboration to address America’s national security infrastructure protection. To encourage this, business and local government partners will have direct access to the technical expertise, highly trained students, and specialized facilities that make UTSA a premier cybersecurity program. The National Security Collaboration Center (NSCC) is the result of strong partnerships with both the public and private sectors. Current federal cyber operations in San Antonio Both virtual resources and a physical account for more than 7,000 military and civilian jobs. location are vital for government, industry, and academic partners to collaborate, UT San Antonio is partnering with the following: conduct leading research, and to rapidly develop and prototype state of the art · U.S. Army Research Laboratory technologies and solutions to face the ever- · National Security Agency (NSA) Texas increasing level of threats to national security and global defense. · 24th Air Force Cyber Command · 25th Air Force By partnering with the National Security (specializing in intelligence, surveillance Collaboration Center, companies will have and reconnaissance agency) a competitive advantage for attracting customers, talent, and funding to grow their Department of Homeland Security · businesses. With its convenient location, · U.S. Secret Service partners will have expedient access to UTSA faculty, research, and students and · Federal Bureau of Investigation have the benefit of competitively priced land, lab, and office space leases. The NSCC will be a 80,000 sq. ft./$33M facility supporting Government-University-Industry (GUI) partners.
    [Show full text]
  • CLYMENE DOLPHIN (Stenella Clymene): Western North Atlantic Stock
    December 2005 CLYMENE DOLPHIN (Stenella clymene): Western North Atlantic Stock STOCK DEFINITION AND GEOGRAPHIC RANGE The Clymene dolphin is endemic to tropical and sub-tropical waters of the Atlantic (Jefferson and Curry 2003). Clymene dolphins have been commonly sighted in the Gulf of Mexico since 1990 (Mullin et al. 1994; Fertl et al. 2003), and a Gulf of Mexico stock has been designated since 1995. Four Clymene dolphin groups were sighted during summer 1998 in the western North Atlantic (Mullin and Fulling 2003), and two groups were sighted in the same general area during a 1999 bottlenose dolphin survey (NMFS unpublished). These sightings and stranding records (Fertl et al. 2003) indicate that this species routinely occurs in the western North Atlantic. The western North Atlantic population is provisionally being considered a separate stock for management purposes, although there is currently no information to differentiate this stock from the northern Gulf of Mexico stock(s). Additional morphological, genetic and/or behavioral data are needed to provide further information on stock delineation. POPULATION SIZE The numbers of Clymene dolphins off the U.S. or Canadian Atlantic coast are unknown, and seasonal abundance estimates are not available for this species since it was rarely seen in any surveys. Clymene dolphins were observed during earlier surveys along the U.S. Atlantic coast. Estimates of abundance were derived through the application of distance sampling analysis (Buckland et al. 2001) and the computer program DISTANCE (Thomas et al. 1998) to sighting data. Data were collected using standard line- transect techniques conducted from NOAA Ship Relentless during July and August 1998 between Maryland (38.00°N) and central Florida (28.00°N) from the 10 m isobath to the seaward boundary of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • [PDF Download] Dick Bong, Ace of Aces Online Ebook
    [PDF Download] Dick Bong, Ace of Aces Online eBook Book details: Author: George C Kenney Format: 123 pages Dimensions: 152.4 x 228.6mm Publication date: 01 Dec 1981 Publisher: Zenger Publishing Company, Incorporated Release location: United States Language: English Plot: Richard I. Bong - Biography of America's Top Ace in … Major Richard I. Bong Top American Ace of World War Two. By Stephen Sherman, June, 1999.Updated June 28, 2011. R ichard Ira Bong, who would become America's "Ace of Aces," was born on September 24, 1920, the son of a Swedish immigrant. He grew up on a farm near the small town of Poplar, Wisconsin. Dick did well in high … Richard "Dick" Bong P-38 Lightning Richard Ira "Dick" Bong America's "Ace of Aces" 24 SEP 1920 / 6 AUG 1945 People have asked us on occasion why we chose this picture of Dick Bong to highlight the page, rather than the more famous one of him sitting in the cockpit of his P‑38. Richard Ira Bong: American World War II Ace of Aces Richard Ira Bong shot down 40 Japanese aircraft and "ruled the air from New Guinea to the Philippines" on his way to becoming America's Ace of Aces. Richard Bong: World War II Flying Ace (Badger … Richard Bong: World War II Flying Ace (Badger Biographies Series) [Pete Barnes] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Who would have imagined a farm boy from Wisconsin would be the greatest air hero of World War II? Richard Bong was an athletic and hard-working boy from northern Wisconsin who dreamed of flying from the … P-38 Lightning Aces There are many excellent books written about WWII Aces.
    [Show full text]