ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 CORNERSTONE A PUBLICATION BY SABEEL ECUMENICAL LIBERATION THEOLOGY CENTER REFLECTIONS: COVID-19 IN PALESTINE.

The way we face our challenges determines the proba- bility of overcoming our problems and the potential of coming out as stronger individuals and communities. In this edition of Cornerstone, Sabeel, with the help of a number of writers, reflects on human nature and how people react when they face a major problem. Many scholars believe that when facing problems humans react by going through phases: (a) ignoring the problem, or even denial of the problem (b) fear, panic, and anger (c) compromise with the problem, trying to live with it (d) depression (e) acceptance of the problem and dealing IN THIS ISSUE with it proactively. p. 1 Refllections: COVID-19 in Palestine It is true that people deal with any problem in different Love Transcends Pandemic p. 5 ways: some spend more time in one of the above phases Dr. Samah Jabr than the others, some might get stuck in a certain phase From the Chaos of Fear, Panic and Anger Towards and feel unable to move forward without help. But it is Community Building p. 8 almost certain we must deal effectively with all phases Zoughbi Zoughbi & Tarek Zoughbi to overcome the problem successfully. Pandemic Inequality in Palestine and Israel p. 13 Abdallah Awwad Today in Palestine there are many problems that our Depression in the Palestinian Community During people are facing, however two major problems stand COVID-19 p. 15 out at the time of writing this Cornerstone: An interview with Yoad Ghanadreh The Reality on the Ground: From Pandemic to Layers of 1. The COVID-19 pandemic and its devastating effects Occupation and Confusion p. 19 on our lives. Sam Bahour 2. A Political reality that seems to dismiss any chance Moving Forward: A Path to Liberation p. 24 for a just solution to the Palestinian-Israeli con- Omar Haramy flict. Sadly, many in the world now believe that 2 ISSUE 80, SUMMER 2019 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 3

since Israel refuses to comply 36 Then Jesus went with them to a place 51Suddenly, one of those with Jesus put After finishing with the last supper, Fear, Panic and Anger estine try to compromise on their with international law, the only called Gethsemane; and he said to his his hand on his sword, drew it, and news was out that the decision was demands for justice, sometimes only solution relies upon a concession disciples, “Sit here while I go over there struck the slave of the high priest, cut- made that Jesus was going to be ar- The moment that Jesus is arrested, to be granted job opportunities, a of the Palestinian people: a total and pray.” 37He took with him Peter ting off his ear.52 Then Jesus said to him, rested and plans had been made to a disciple pulls out a sword and at- military permit to receive health concession to the Israeli govern- and the two sons of Zebedee, and began “Put your sword back into its place; for hand him over for crucifixion. Jesus, tacks. When Jesus diffuses the sit- treatment, a minimal ration of water, ment’s political proposals. The to be grieved and agitated. 38Then he all who take the sword will perish by the teacher and leader of a small uation and the disciples realize the etc. Regardless of how much we are political changes in this period of said to them, “I am deeply grieved, even the sword. 53Do you think that I cannot movement, was being betrayed by power and might of the mob that willing to compromise, our quality history threaten to diminish the to death; remain here, and stay awake appeal to my Father, and he will at the corrupt religious authorities of came to arrest Jesus, they run away in of life continues to deteriorate. chances of our Palestinian people with me.” 39And going a little farther, once send me more than twelve legions that time and handed to the Roman panic. Even the disciple who claimed for a just political solution. he threw himself on the ground and of angels? 54But how then would the occupation authorities. The conspir- that his love and loyalty to Jesus COVID-19: The long months of prayed, “My Father, if it is possible, let scriptures be fulfilled, which say it must ators believed that by eliminating were nonnegotiable denies Jesus out total lockdown have failed to put In the preparation of this Bible study, this cup pass from me; yet not what I happen in this way?” 55At that hour Je- Jesus his followers would be scattered of fear three times “before the cock an end to the pandemic. The people Sabeel conducted an online gathering want but what you want.” 40Then he sus said to the crowds, “Have you come and the movement would come to crows.” have tried to live with the sad reality that brought together 20 different Bible came to the disciples and found them out with swords and clubs to arrest me an end. of COVID-19, but life does not sim- study facilitators from both Palestine sleeping; and he said to Peter, “So, as though I were a bandit? Day after Political Crisis: People react differ- ply go back to normal. It is evident and Israel. Since 2015, Sabeel has could you not stay awake with me one day I sat in the temple teaching, and Reading the story we can reflect on ently when they face fear and anger. that we must defeat the virus by been training Bible study facilitators hour? 41Stay awake and pray that you you did not arrest me. 56But all this has the human reaction of the disciples: Some think of immigration as a way finding a treatment and vaccination. that were nominated by their differ- may not come into the time of trial; the taken place, so that the scriptures of the to pursue a better life while others ent parishes. The trained Bible study spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is prophets may be fulfilled.” Then all the use violence by joining a militant facilitators work with their respected weak.” 42Again he went away for the disciples deserted him and fled. Denial of the Problem group or even reverting to individual “He [God] might have been a churches to form Bible study groups second time and prayed, “My Father, acts that have a violent nature. wafer in the hands Of priests this in their respected communities. As of if this cannot pass unless I drink it, The disciples slept in the garden of day, or music from the lips: Of today, Sabeel has helped in forming your will be done.” 43Again he came Gethsemane. It is possible they were COVID-19: Unfortunately and very red-robed choristers, instead he over 30 active Bible study groups that and found them sleeping, for their eyes tired, but also they found in sleep a worryingly, both domestic and in- slips Away from church, shakes off serve mainly women, young adults and were heavy. 44So leaving them again, way to ignore the problem that they ter-community violence is on the our linen bands To don his apron youth groups. he went away and prayed for the third were now outlaws and being chased rise in Palestine. Both children and with a nurse: he grips And lifts time, saying the same words. 45Then he by the people in power. women are the most vulnerable to a stretcher, soothes with gentle Matthew 26: 31-56 came to the disciples and said to them, violence. hands The frail flesh of the dying, “Are you still sleeping and taking your Political crisis: we feel that our lead- gives them hope, Breathes with 31Then Jesus said to them, “You will rest? See, the hour is at hand, and the ership, political parties and advocacy Compromise the breathless, lends them strength all become deserters because of me this Son of Man is betrayed into the hands bodies are asleep. Little action is to cope.” night; for it is written, of sinners. 46Get up, let us be going. See, being taken in comparison to the It is normal when one faces a major ‘I will strike the shepherd, my betrayer is at hand.” huge political threats we are facing. challenge to compromise and find a N. T. Wright, God and the and the sheep of the Our adversaries are creating realities way to live with the problem. After Pandemic: A Christian Reflection flock will be scattered.’ 47While he was still speaking, Judas, on the ground while we are over- a few moments of resistance, the on the Coronavirus and its one of the twelve, arrived; with him whelmed by their power and might. disciples surrendered to the might Aftermath 32But after I am raised up, I will go was a large crowd with swords and of the religious establishment and ahead of you to Galilee.” 33Peter said clubs, from the chief priests and the COVID-19: Many people continue the Roman empire. Jesus was left to to him, “Though all become deserters elders of the people. 48Now the betrayer to ignore and deny the threat that walk the way of the cross on his own; Depression because of you, I will never desert you.” had given them a sign, saying, “The In preparation for the Bible study, this pandemic is causing. Unfor- the movement had lost its leader and 34Jesus said to him, “Truly I tell you, one I will kiss is the man; arrest him.” a discussion took place among the tunately, conspiracy theories and they were scattered and on their own. From the scripture readings related this very night, before the cock crows, 49At once he came up to Jesus and said, Sabeel staff and volunteers to find misleading information that have no to the passion of Christ, one can you will deny me three times.” 35Peter “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed him. the best scripture reading on a ma- scientific basis currently dominate Political Crisis: Many Palestinians conclude from the silence of the said to him, “Even though I must die 50Jesus said to him, “Friend, do what jor problem that faced Jesus and his the Palestinian people. feel that the occupation is eternal disciples that they have surrendered with you, I will not deny you.” And so you are here to do.” Then they came and disciples. A Bible reading that dealt and nothing we can do will make to depression. The disciples are in said all the disciples. laid hands on Jesus and arrested him. with the arrest of Jesus was chosen. a real change. Many people in Pal- shock as they see their aspirations 4 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 5 evaporating as Jesus heads to the with suffering and persecution. The in the gospels where he felt so bad cross. The weeping and wailing, the disciples had managed successful- that he told any of his disciples about betrayals and denials, the cowardice ly to transform the challenge they it, but that’s what he did that night. and terror all contribute to the in- faced into power and inspiration to Jesus did not try to put on a good tense sadness and feelings of helpless- continue the movement. “spiritual looking” front for them. ness, hopelessness, and worthlessness He was honest with them about of the disciples. Political Crisis: The Palestinian peo- how bad he was feeling. This text, ple must accept that true liberation that might show a weakness in the Political Crisis: Unfortunately, to- will only be the fruit of nonviolent human nature of Jesus, brings lots day in Palestine we find little hope. resistance. There must be no com- of courage to many of our people Many of our people feel helpless and promise on the rights of our people, who are facing major challenges. no longer see a clear path that will we must remain steadfast and have Jesus understood the meaning of fear deliver the long anticipated justice. faith in the power of our just God. and panic, disappointment and even We have been failed by the interna- We the Palestinians must rise up and depression, yet Jesus never denied tional community, by the Arab world take control of our destiny. or ignored the problem, nor was he and most importantly by our leaders. willing to compromise. LOVE TRANSCENDS PANDEMIC COVID-19: Like many other dis- COVID-19: For many months, Pal- eases, COVID-19 must be over- Dr. Samah Jabr estine, like the rest of the world, has come with both medical research combated COVID-19. However, and social responsibility. The power It is okay to take the avenue of escape disrupt their daily activities. Another in YouTube videos and Instagram the cases continue to be on the rise of COVID-19 is not only its fast for a little while. When the bumpy possible reason for the denial lies in posts—none of which are backed by and the dead are in the thousands. spreading and mortality rates, but roads get too rough and the turn of the firmly held belief that the world’s scientific references. All the effects and uncertainty of its ability to make many people lose events too painful, it is acceptable technological advances will certainly COVID-19 continue to change life hope and resort to violence or sur- to want to hide and break free from be able to sort out this dilemma in a Personally, I cannot keep company as we know it and one can easily feel render to depression. Focusing on the overdose of reality. It is perfectly matter of days. with those in denial, regardless of all depressed. the goodness in human nature and alright to sweep life’s hardships under the layers of strain and fatigue that I by multiplying good deeds, we can the carpet and take a moment to Despite the large number of people personally undergo due to the cur- Acceptance be proactive in defeating the virus. catch one’s breath. As long as it does infected with the virus, their per- rent health crisis. I regularly find my- not drag on for too long, escapism is centage in relation to the total world self depleted of energy after exhaust- The gospels indicate to us that the It is true, Jesus himself pleaded a natural reaction that people from population is still small. We still ing days of work at the quarantine disciples were able to control their through prayer,“My Father, if it is all walks of life (the highly intelligent find entire cities and neighborhoods centers of the West Bank, where I emotions and actions at Pentecost. possible, let this cup pass from me;” The included) often resort to. where not a single person has been provide psychological support for the The group of the same disciples who weight of the cross was heavy and infected and where no one has died overburdened medical staff looking were occupied with fear, cowardice this is what Jesus realized. Jesus had In light of the COVID-19 pandem- from the virus. This has created a after patients of COVID-19. I coach and confusion became the voices of done no sin, and his work during ic, several people—from different false sense of security and served as the medical teams on caregiving and truth and courage in the streets of Je- his ministry had brought only good parts of the world—denied the mere a distraction from the severity of the emphasize that mental care should rusalem. Not only had they accepted news to the oppressed and people on existence of the virus, and others pandemic. be a major part of the medical care the implications of the crucifixion the margins. Jesus understood the dismissed its deadly impact on hu- provided for the patients. and death of their leader, they most inevitable was going to happen: evil man beings. Aside from using it as a Moreover, the erosion of trust in importantly understood their re- that night would come out victori- coping mechanism by which to feel governments has caused some people It is both alarming and depressing sponsibilities to keep the movement ous because the good people were less vulnerable, there are plenty of to question the need of following to see how people were lulled into alive. The Book of Acts and early sleeping. reasons for the denial of the pandem- precautionary measures, without a false sense of security at the end church history informs us that the ic. For instance, some may favor their bothering to verify the information of the first lockdown. This resulted dangers did not disappear, yet the Even Jesus, God in flesh, became de- own individual well-being over the and check their scientific validity. On in a growing number of cases that disciples, like Jesus, understood that pressed: “I am deeply grieved, even to interest of society, and thus belittle the contrary, most residents have in- rose vertically, while the cause of the cost of true liberation is paved death.” There is no record elsewhere and dismiss the impact of what may stead preferred to put their full trust the virus spread remains unknown. 6 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 7

The danger is no longer connected er-up for the Palestinian Authority’s sons and daughters are prohibited research updates, hoping to hear center told me about Jihad al-Su- me realize that transcendental love with travelers returning from abroad, salary cuts, or a scheme to get inter- from seeing their deceased parents some good news about a new test, waiti, the young man from Hebron shall overcome this fleeting disease. or employees from outside the Pal- national funds. Some went as far as or washing the bodies. As soon as vaccine, or treatment that would put who climbed up the outer wall to estinian Territories (the borders of claiming that closing Muslim places they detect the early symptoms, they an end to this crisis. the hospital’s upper floor to observe which are not in the control of Pal- of worship was part of a conspiracy place their parents in quarantine, his mother’s condition from the win- estinians) who are coming back to against Islam and a means for Israel bid them farewell, and hope to see Since the beginning of this pandem- dow of her room. He sat outside, a crowded village, refugee camp, or to extend sovereignty on al-Aqsa and them shortly. Sadly, however, the ic, I have been working all day long watching her in her last moments, urban neighborhood and potentially al-Ibrahimi mosques. COVID-19 symptoms for the elderly to combat its psychological effects before she died of COVID-19. This creating a focus of infection wherein and unhealthy quickly trend worse. through developing a national plan story deeply captured my heart. It the virus will be easily transmitted. Amid the finger pointing and blame Before they know it, they have to that responds to mental health needs reignited my spirit and managed to By now, the issue has gotten out of games, the governorate of Hebron take their very last breaths—without during the crisis. This tireless work break me free from my emotional hand, and the pandemic is being became the epicenter of the coro- the company of their families and leads me to cope with a lot of stigma, numbness. spread like wildfire at weddings and navirus outbreak, the “Wuhan of dear ones. Such is the condition they bullying, and overall social denial. I funerals. Palestine,” so to speak. Meanwhile, handle many sensations of panic and Palestinians living in Jerusalem and anxiety in the quarantine centers and “We have a chance to do some- So, what happened in Palestine? Israel have been held responsible see how some suffer from horrific thing extraordinary. As we head and condemned for transmitting hallucinations in the intensive care out of this pandemic we can We handled the first phase of the the virus to the West Bank. I have units. This is not taking into account change the world. Create a world pandemic quite well, yet we seem to a friend from Jaffa, living in Ramal- all the hard work and heavy burdens of love. A world where we are kind have lost control during the holidays lah, who now changes his accent that were part of working in the to each other. A world were we are since the governmental instructions when speaking with people in fear field of mental health prior to the kind no matter what class, race, enforcing closure through the Eid of getting rejected and bullied. It is pandemic. sexual orientation, what religion [holidays] were elusive to the general not surprising that the particularity or lack of or what job we have. A public. After all, the streets had been of the Palestinian political situation This virus has had quite an impact world we don’t judge ... because bustling and there was a full opening under Occupation erodes public on my life. I must say things got per- that may be us if things were just in the last weeks of Ramadan before trust and gives rise to a flood of sonal between me and this virus after slightly different. Let love and the call for the lockdown. This fact conspiracy theories that run rampant find themselves in. It is an unprec- airports were shut down and friends kindness be our roadmap.” led to distrust of the governmental at a time when people are helpless edented, shocking, and despairing from overseas were cut off from us. measures and provoked protests de- about the current health pandemic, sight. It has been almost half a year of Johnny Corn - Irish Actor manding to observe the holidays, to among all other issues. Amidst the I spend plenty of time washing and separation and isolation—with no the point that two young men from social stigma and ill repute of the sterilizing before heading back home. meeting, embracing, or greeting. Dheisheh refugee camp (Bethlehem) quarantine procedures, people have I try my best to avoid contact with The online meetings do not quite were wounded. In this respect, these opted to not only keep quiet about my elderly parents. No matter how quench my longing, and the ongoing I understand people’s urge to escape events created an environment dan- their symptoms, but to also deny hard I try, however, I still have not seclusion intensifies my emotional the horrendous circumstances every gerously conducive to conspiracy them altogether in fear of losing managed to break the endless loop stress during those times. now and then. I am also aware that theories. Several people started to their jobs and financial resources. As of worrying. This is especially the a glimmer of light is all it may take make a connection between the a result, the novel coronavirus has case now that the virus has ceased Since the first week of March, the for us to move from denial to accep- outbreak of COVID-19 and Israel’s been lurking behind the scenes and being a distant concern “somewhere outbreak of the coronavirus occupied tance. It is our little hope that can annexation plan. As the plot thick- increasing by the day. out there” in quarantine centers and most of my time and attention. The transform us to behave rationally Dr. Samah Jabr is a Palestinian Jeru- ened, the sense of denial about the among employees and travelers. The pains of patients, hardships of health and responsibly in the face of the salemite psychiatrist, psychotherapist, health crisis and the disregard of pre- With that said, there—in­­ the quar- coronavirus has gone beyond work workers, and my own separation lived reality. The things that shine a and writer. Since 2016, she has been ventative measures escalated. “This antine centers I visited­—is no room environments; it has infiltrated from loved ones have taken a heavy light and inspire hope, for me, are Chair of the Mental Health Unit at the coronavirus is a main element of for denial. At the center in Dura, He- our closest social networks and hit toll on me. They put me on autopilot the stories that illuminate my heart. Palestinian Ministry of Health, and has the so-called Deal of the Century,” bron, corpses of fathers and mothers friends and relatives. Every morning, mode and placed me in a state of Such human stories—like the story written columns about the psychological I was told by some, while others are angled into bags and taken out I attentively listen to the latest sta- emotional numbness. Just today, my of Jihad and his mother—capture consequences of the Israeli occupation in considered the pandemic as a cov- on a day-to-day basis. Meanwhile, tistics and keep myself in tune with colleagues at the Dura quarantine the essence of love, and they make Palestine since the early 2000s. 8 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 9

has increased unemployment and cle published in November 2004, work toward the realization of the has necessitated and demanded the “Around a third of Palestinians are in wisdoms of epistle Paul, especially in employment of the already-slim sav- need of mental health interventions, yet his letter to the Corinthians: ings of the Palestinian communities. mental health services are among the And socially, the absence of rule of most under-resourced areas of health law, and law and order, that can be provision”. applied, protected, and implement- ed by a friendly government and The above mentioned findings were personnel, have rendered chaos in recorded prior to the ever-deteriorat- many of our communities. For, it is ing realities, including the last major too clear to many of us, that our own violent assaults on Gaza. Today, an government has limited sovereignty, overwhelming majority, ever inching and that those tasked and mandated to encompass the entire population, with protecting us, are powerless in is in dire need of Psychological inter- the face of the Israeli Government vention. And our work is two-fold, and Occupation. with our first duty and responsibility lying in encouraging our people to FROM THE CHAOS OF FEAR, PANIC It is out of this bleak reality, during seek needed psychosocial support these dangerous and precarious and help, while breaking the pre- times that there exists a dire need vailing societal stigma against it, and 1 Corinthians 12:12-27 AND ANGER TOWARDS COMMUNITY for psycho-social support and resil- second, in ensuring that the help is One Body but Many Parts ience building. Stress levels, anxiety, available and effective. We need to BUILDING depression, and other psychological raise awareness about the importance 12 There is one body, but it has many and emotional consequences of the of psycho-social support which will parts. But all its many parts make Zoughbi Zoughbi and Tarek Zoughbi continued practice of occupation and help our communities air out, venti- up one body. It is the same with of this too ‘normalized’ and interna- late, cast out fear and paranoia, and Christ. 13 We were all baptized by one tionally ‘accepted’ injustice is greatest grow, helping us realize hope and Holy Spirit. And so we are formed into gating the anxiety, panic and stress, recognition of the annexation of Je- and growing. The traumas are many build resilience, steadfastness, and one body. It didn’t matter whether we Freedom does and paranoia that these injustices rusalem. Economically, the sanctions and are rooted in the people’s contin- strengthen community. In this light, were Jews or Gentiles, slaves or free peo- continue to perpetuate, and more placed on Gaza and the restrictions ued suffering of home demolitions, we need ways to uplift the people’s ple. We were all given the same Spirit not equal so to instill a feeling of hope and on the West Bank, coupled with the land confiscation, humiliation and spirits, enhance their steadfastness, to drink. 14 So the body is not made up individualism; strengthen the sense of community. lack of control and sovereignty over violence at checkpoints, deprivation and empower their resilience. We of just one part. borders, limits economic growth and of the freedom of movement, the need to learn how to become more Freedom equals Rates of domestic violence have been leaves the Palestinian community denial of permits to go to Jerusalem, compassionate and equip ourselves It has many parts. Community growing at a rapid and alarming rate. dependent on Israeli and interna- arbitrary detention, the systematic with shared empathy towards each 15 Suppose the foot says, “I am not a This violence is strengthened and tional goods (so long as the Israeli attacks led by Israeli settlers with other. hand. So I don’t belong to the body.” Rev. James Lawson supported and in part an ineffective government allows for its transfer the tacit support of the Israeli army By saying this, it cannot stop being part and unhealthy response to the grow- through the borders which they on Palestinian communities, lands, We need to enhance our unity, while of the body. 16 And suppose the ear says, The continued threat of annex- ing tensions and ever-deteriorating control). Furthermore, the inabil- and homes, as well as the continued working for diversity in unity. We “I am not an eye. So I don’t belong to ation, with the crippling effects of socio-economic political realities ity of the Palestinian Health min- abuses and injustices faced by many are in need of each other whether we the body.” By saying this, it cannot stop COVID-19, and the increasing that are faced by the Palestinians as istry and centers to be able to meet Palestinian political prisoners. are weak or strong, poor or rich, and being part of the body. 17 If the whole alarming rate of unilateral human individuals, groups, and collectives. the health needs of the communi- need to enhance our unity, while also body were an eye, how could it hear? If rights violation by Israel, continues to Politically, the continued threat of ty, should COVID-19 continue to According to Drs. Abdel Hamid Afa- celebrating our differences, regardless the whole body were an ear, how could instill fear and a sense of hopelessness annexation is strong and increases spread, has rendered lockdowns the na, Samir Qouta, and Eyad El Sarraj, of our social, economic, educational it smell? 18 God has placed each part in for the Palestinian people. The most stress levels, especially in light of most effective method and tool for researchers at the Gaza Community background, or political and ideolog- the body just as he wanted it to be. 19 If immediate challenge lies in miti- the USA embassy move and formal risk mitigation and security. This Mental Health Program, in an arti- ical orientation. Thus, we at Wi’am all the parts were the same, how could 10 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 11 there be a body? 20 As it is, there are many generations, and although but to grow, while the resources and sup- Nowadays, stress reduction is needed to the urgent needs of our people. increase, but we remain hopeful, and many parts. But there is only one body. one part, just like we belong to the port available remain steady at best. more than ever and must be com- Wi’am’s current emergency response continue to believe in the resilience land, we belong to this body! The situation will continue to deteri- bined with trauma coping, and one aims at alleviating the challenges of and steadfastness of our communi- 21 The eye can’t say to the hand, “I orate and promises increasing levels day, trauma healing. We are in need the family in general and responds to ty and people. We will overcome don’t need you!” The head can’t say to We, Palestinians, live in big prisons of violence. Since the beginning of of a holistic approach to effectively the psycho-social needs of families, COVID-19 and its imposed conse- the feet, “I don’t need you!” 22 In fact, as well as in small cells. If Marin Lu- 2020, at least 23 persons have been mitigate the consequences of this children, women, and youth. quences, but we remain cautious as it is just the opposite. The parts of the ther King were alive, He would write killed internally, as around 60% of bleak reality. This includes economic In cases of Domestic violence, our the threat of annexation continues body that seem to be weaker are the letters from Bethlehem jail, Gaza people have lost their jobs, at the packages, the implementation of intervention can be summarized in to bode over us. But, still we remain ones we can’t do without. 23 The parts jail, and the many other bantustans same time that home demolitions, just law and order, in which people the following points: steadfast and believe that no injustice that we think are less important we which make up our communities. land confiscations, imprisonment, are able to enjoy their rights and will last forever. We believe in the treat with special honor. The private And we have our own share of letter and soldier and settler violence per- privileges, as well as social security, 1. Providing psychosocial support one body, and hold to hope that it parts aren’t shown. But they are treated writers, waiting to be heard, and sist. This is one of the most fragrant and the right to enjoy freedom, sov- to families, children, women, will soon awaken to the suffering with special care. 24 The parts that can waiting for the world to respond; recipes for violence, and crime, and ereignty, and opportunity. youth. of some of its parts. We hold onto be shown don’t need special care. But To respond not with accusations, it may be intentional; 70% of the 2. Providing mediation and Coun- hope in the collective responsibility God has put together all the parts of and sympathy, but instead with a weapons bought by Palestinians Here is a brief list of some of the seling for cases of domestic vio- that the world will assume, and for the body. And he has given more honor commitment towards justice, love, come from the Israeli military. This tools employed at Wi’am and other lence in the family that affects the foundation of justice and love to the parts that didn’t have any. 25 In and empathy. is a paradoxical course of action for grass-roots organizations: women, children, young people which will define its work. As it is, that way, the parts of the body will not a government that continues to prac- 1. One to one consultation and families in general. In that Annexation is not the only challenge take sides. All of them will take care Alas, we continue to live in a pres- tice oppression under the pretext of 2. Group Therapy respect, we are witnessing an we have. We want to end the Israeli of one another. 26 If one part suffers, sure cooker situation, in which our security. 3. Compassionate listening or pro- alarming increase in cases of on- Occupation. Liberation and emanci- every part suffers with it. If one part atmosphere turns more violent, as phetic listening sessions …(Lis- line bullying and family disputes pation is what is desired and needed is honored, every part shares in its joy. our helplessness displaces our anger tening by heart ) as the result of losing jobs, lack and we call for justice and only Jus- towards each other: In the last few There is a 4. Airing out through storytelling of movement and no schooling. tice, knowing full-well, that “justice 27 You are the body of Christ. Each one months, since March 5th (The begin- 5. Theater of the Oppressed 3. Providing online Educational delayed is not justice denied”. For of you is a part of it. ning of the COVID-19 spread in “continuing 6. Singing and telling jokes workshops, discussions with our too long the Occupation’s policies Palestine), we witness more domestic community- 7. Screaming networks, social workers, discuss- and practices, as well as the world’s In this spirit, we are all part of one violence, more societal crimes, more 8. Breathing exercises ing ways of dealing with cases silence, has falsely claimed that we do body with many parts. We may be killing, and ultimately, more chaos. creating reality 9. Holding on and letting go work- of domestic violence, ways of not belong to this body, and today, as oceans apart, and separated by many As mentioned earlier, the unem- that moves shops assisting victims facing psycho- all the yesterdays, stand firm and tall, degrees of freedom and rights, but ployment rate has been increasing 10. Sports and group walks in nature social Trauma. and exclaim that we belong to the we are all connected through our drastically, especially in Bethlehem, through history (Environmental and recreational 4. Facilitating Online Discussion whole and the whole is an integral humanity and one world. As John since a large share of its economy is Rev. Dr. M L King Jr. trips ) groups with parents, especially part of us, and we echo Mandela’s Donne wrote “No Man is an Island tourism-dependent. The unemploy- 11. Spirituality and prayers, like men, with mediators, and law- sentiment in proclaiming that until entire of itself; Every man is a piece ment rate before the pandemic was through Bible Study and other yers to develop work strategies the least and greatest of us has been of the continent, a part of the main; around a staggering 30% However, Please look at the chart at the end of activities on ways of dealing with family freed, we are all bound! So, let us If a cloth be washed away by the Sea, that number is estimated conser- this article which summarizes some disputes, and cases of domestic continue to work towards freedom Europe is the less...and therefore never vatively at over 80% today. Many of the major human rights violations To summarize, as a result of the violence for all! And, let us build this great- send to know for whom the bell tolls; are given half salaries, while many from the periods of Jan.1st to July declaration of a state of emergen- 5. Organizing Online meetings er, inclusive community and let us It tolls for thee.” Expanding upon others are turned away from work 1st, 2020. cy in the Palestinian land and the with “Emergency Response expand it till all know they belong!” his sentiments and words to be more due to the limited and dwindling consequent restrictions placed on Groups” and putting emergen- inclusive, we focus to include all resources available, all while prices In looking at the depressing facts movement, we are witnessing a hike cy plans to respond to family walks of this Earth, men, and wom- continue to rise, and bills continue and figures, one thing becomes clear: in household tension, increased do- needs at the Humanitarian level en, European, and non European. to demand payment. This continu- How to deal with Stress and Trauma mestic violence, and family feuds. As by providing food rations, and It is also here where we cry boldly, ing situation is proving to be larger is both the question and our most a civic organization, Wi’am with its children’s needs. and proclaim to our body: We are than our churches, institutions, and immediate challenge. lively staff are putting courage and hurting and have been suffering for government, as the needs continue power together to respond creatively The need for our work continues to 12 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 13

Human Rights Violation by Israel from January 1st to July 1st 2020

Administrative Men Women Children All Detention االجاميل أطفال النساء الرجال االعتقال اإلداري

Imprisonment 565 1391 70 304 2330 PANDEMIC INEQUALITY IN PALESTINE االعتقال

Gaza Strip West Bank All AND ISRAEL Abdallah Awwad االجاميل الضفة الغربية قطاع غزة

Death History has taught us that pandemics fear were caused among Palestinians. a reality of structural inequality and 6 16 22 don’t discriminate. But at the same Caught between Israel’s restrictions health disparity. According to the time, it has also taught us that pan- and a dysfunctional healthcare sys- Dean of Boston University School of االستشهاد demics do expose inequality in the tem, a major outbreak could turn Public Health, the social, economic, system of power and domination, devastating. and environmental conditions that 21 إصابات Injuries where the poor, the oppressed, and shape the health of populations are 9 هدم منازل House Demolition -the marginalized are hit hardest. As While the outbreak was already surg- not just the products of contem 914 تكسري وقلع واتالف اشجار Uprooting Trees for the indigenous people living in ing in Israel, it wasn’t until March porary circumstance; they are part 78 اقتحامات Break-ins the geographical area between the when COVID-19 was first discov- of a historical continuum(i). This Demolition and confiscation warrants 15 :Jordan River and the Mediterra- ered in the West Bank, when seven applies to the Palestinian people اخطار بهدم او مصادرة منشأة -nean Sea, the spread of the virus has employees of a Beit Jala hotel, near Palestinian health is affected by Isra 18 مصادرة ممتلكات Confiscation of property ,added a challenging burden to an Bethlehem, contracted the virus el’s ongoing legacy of displacement 3 مصادرة ارايض Land confiscation -already existing complex reality of from a group of Greek tourists. The mass expulsion, land theft, disposses 44 اعتداءات من قبل املستوطنني Settler attacks 72 plus years of structural control Palestinian government acted quickly sion, discrimination and continued 38 حواجز عسكرية Military checkpoints and oppression. Thus rendering the by first closing off Bethlehem and state-sponsored violence. Flying checkpoints 394 Palestinian people’s exposure to the later declaring a state of emergency حواجز عسكرية مفاجئة ,virus more severe and hampering in the entire West Bank and the Gaza Israel has fragmented the West Bank 2 جرف أرايض Degradation of land their ability to effectively confront it. Strip. Security forces were dispatched a territory occupied in 1967, into 7000 بناء وحدات استيطانية جديدة Building settlement units across the West Bank to impose order Areas A, B, and C, impeding Pales- When COVID-19 was first detected and the Ministry of Health operated tinians’ access to healthcare. Simi- in China in late December 2019, in full capacity to contain the spread larly, Palestinians in East Jerusalem Wi’am is a grassroots organization established in Bethlehem in 1994, it aims to Palestinians didn’t take the outbreak of the virus, receiving widespread suffer from deeper isolation and mar- improve the quality of relationships and to promote peace, justice, a culture of of the virus very seriously. But when praise from the public. ginalization and are discriminately acceptance, and reconciliation in the community. Wi’am strives alongside other it reached nearby countries and news neglected from the Israeli healthcare forces in the community to builda society based on active participation, citizen- of high mortality rates began to However, the current pandemic has system in the same manner as Pales- ship, democratic norms and values, and separation of the four powers (executive, emerge from advanced nations with uncovered how more than 72 years tinian citizens of Israel. legislative, judicial, and media). strong healthcare systems, panic and of settler-colonial rule has engineered 14 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 15

In densely populated Gaza, the situ- virus, where overcrowding in refugee tine’s ailing economy, initial closure in practice the West Bank is already ation is critical under a continued Is- camps and dire living conditions, measures began lifting at the end annexed – will entrench a formal and raeli blockade. Gaza’s healthcare sys- coupled with unfair policies of host of May, leading to a spike in cases, rooted system of apartheid. Impunity tem has been exhausted by long years countries and UNRWA’s budget with Hebron becoming the epicenter and lack of accountability have assist- of siege, three major military assaults, difficulties amid donor fatigue as of the pandemic in the West Bank. ed Israel in enforcing its own agenda and a severe shortage of medical a result of the 2018 decision of the The surge was attributed to social and moving beyond the international supplies. Figures show that Gaza Trump Administration to halt finan- gatherings, particularly weddings. consensus on the situation of the hospitals have 60 intensive care units cial support for the agency, make the Middle East. available for nearly 2 million people, fight against COVID-19 outbreak a The occupying power is obligated making it impossible for Gaza to deal losing battle. under international law to guaran- Palestinians find themselves trapped with a major COVID-19 outbreak. tee health services to civilians living between looming formal annexation During the first phase of the out- under its military rule. Israel instead and a health crisis with limited and break, while some Palestinians continues its pattern of brutal occu- restricted resources. But the Pales- believed in conspiracy theories pation as usual, which includes – but tinian people’s instinct to survive surrounding the virus and others is not limited to – home demoli- and resist will always stand in the laughed it off as simple flu, they have tions (including COVID-19 clinics face of any plans that aim to elimi- shown a great sense of responsibility in Hebron and the Jordan Valley); nate their existence and sever their in halting the spread and abiding by detaining civilians (including ac- deep connection to their historical health guidelines. tivists distributing informative bro- homeland. By tackling the root of chures), food parcels, and medical the problem, I believe we can find In difficult times, Palestinians have supplies and volunteers disinfecting answers and solutions. DEPRESSION IN always shown a spirit of resilience public spaces in East Jerusalem; and and collaboration. They can cope shooting, bombing and conducting [i] https://www.bu.edu/ with challenging situations. Years of military incursions at any time. sph/2017/03/12/history-as-a-de- THE PALESTINIAN colonial occupation have taught the terminant-of-health/ Palestinians to rely on themselves Collectively, these Israeli structural COMMUNITY DURING and create an alternative plan to conditions combined with years of Other Palestinian groups are of adapt to any situation. In light of historical injustices and denial of particular vulnerability to the the COVID-19 crisis, Palestinians national and health rights for the Pal- COVID-19 estinian people create a formula for COVID-19 crisis. Palestinian pris- persevered and organized themselves An interview with Yoad Ghanadreh oners in Israel, who suffer from to deal with the new situation. Local tragedy. Yet, Israel, with the unwav- deliberate medical negligence, are committees were formed and stepped ering support of the Trump Admin- My name is Yoad. I am a clinical people with depression or other held in crowded prisons that lack up their efforts to raise awareness, istration, continues to implement the psychologist and a supervisor at psychological issues as a result of proper ventilation and access to distribute food and hygienic materi- explicit aim of the Zionist project to Abdallah Awwad serves as director the Palestinian Counseling Centre COVID-19? If so, what kind? sanitization supplies, making it a als to needy families, disinfect public transform the whole of Palestine into of the office of Member of the PLO (PCC). I have been working here breeding ground for the virus. Pal- places, and monitor entrances of the land of Israel. This principle of Executive Committee, Dr. Hanan for more than 15 years. The PCC In general, Palestinians are like any estinian workers inside Israel are also each community, especially in Area its long-standing policy is based on Ashrawi at the PLO Department is a non-governmental organization other community in the world—we faced with a similar plight. They are C. They even expressed their full liquidating the Palestinian people, of Public Diplomacy and Policy. active in the field of mental health have the full spectrum of mental forced to work and stay in conditions solidarity with nations hard hit by territory, and national aspirations Prior to his current post he was the for more than 35 years. I work with health problems. The situation in which violate hygiene standards and the virus, such as Italy and China. for self-determination, to bend the director of the office of the Secre- clients on the individual level, with Palestine is that we are very expe- are dumped at the nearest military Palestinians to their will and force tary-General of the PLO Executive children and adults, as well as with rienced in trauma and we have cu- checkpoint the moment they show July 1 was a tipping point. At this them to accept their defeat. Committee. Abdallah received his couples and groups. As well as this mulative traumas in which parents, any symptoms of sickness. point it was becoming increasingly BA in Media and Communication work, I am a mother to three chil- children, and grandparents have all clear that the outbreak may get out Now there are concerns that Isra- Studies from North Park University, dren. been exposed to the same problem- Outside Palestine, Palestinian refu- of control. With the heavy impact el’s impending annexation of large Chicago in 2009. Abdallah is a mem- atic situation for more than 70 years gees face high-risk exposure to the the COVID-19 crisis had on Pales- swaths of the West Bank – although ber of the Sabeel General Assembly. Are you seeing a rise in cases of now, so we can’t always measure a rise 16 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 17 or deterioration in statistics because the mental health issues they have? mental breakdown or psychologi- their lives affected by COVID-19, Our Centre doesn’t work directly or the situation is chronic. cal breakdown. So people do access its effects on the economy, short- I’ll start by talking about my chil- specifically with domestic violence. Actually, what happens in the West help. But now, as we are seeing less term plans, and education? dren. I live in Jericho. Jericho is However, our philosophy is that it In general, we have a higher percent- Bank is seen ten times worse in Gaza. and less familial connections due currently locked down, and with is not the women who are sick and age of all mental health problems but The situation in Gaza is that people to checkpoints, the separation wall, In terms of economy, of course Pal- annexation imminent, people are need help, it is their husbands—we that does not mean that Palestinians there are much more enclosed, and difficulties of transportation, and estinians suffer from a very high rate restless and children are stressed be- need to address the male and not the are sicker; we think that the context all the options are closed to them freedom of movement, people are of unemployment and poverty and, cause children rely on their parents victim. There are many organizations is sicker. When you are depressed it is along with a very bad financial sit- finding it more difficult to access you know, when your basic needs are to calm them down and parents such as the Women’s Centre for Legal not because you are feeling bad and uation. We see Gaza and occupied others for help and support. This is not satisfied you can’t think about are the source of emotional regula- Aid and Counseling (WCLAC) in helpless because you don’t believe in Jerusalem as the most problematic another aspect that we have to take other needs. People need to eat, tion for their children. We see that the West Bank who work in this area the future; you are depressed because areas. Of course, the West Bank is into consideration. feel safe, and have housing, water, parents are not now emotionally and we refer to them. We do know, you believe too much in the future, still under occupation—including and electricity to meet basic needs. capable of providing this kind of however, that in a situation such not because of little hope and lots of East Jerusalem—but still in the West Traditionally, how has Palestinian COVID-19 has opened wider the emotional support as they themselves as this pandemic, women become despair—the depression is because Bank we see that people can commu- society dealt with depression and wounds of financial instability. are overwhelmed: with 70 years of double victims. our children have hopes and dreams nicate with one another and, now related conditions? occupation and COVID-19 it’s all and cannot fulfill them. before further annexation, they feel In terms of children, remote edu- too much. What advice would you give to Pal- that they own their land and homes. We are like any other society: we cation wasn’t working in Palestine. estinians and internationals to help COVID-19 is a situation where all In Jerusalem, on a yearly basis, more speak to our families, we speak to The majority of families don’t have There is a big problem of mistrust in care for their mental health at this our problems are exacerbated. We than one-thousand citizens are losing our friends, we speak to religious internet or computers and the system the government ministries. Parents time? are experienced in checkpoints, in their citizenship and that is causing figures, we speak to trusted people, was not prepared for remote educa- don’t feel they can trust the Ministry closures, in a low employment rate, very high rates of social problems. and a very high percentage of Pales- tion, so children just stayed home of Health. Even though the ministry In general, I hope that the occupa- and all these things, but now with So Gaza is the worst case and then tinians speak to their doctors. Maybe and did nothing. Alternatives such is trying to do all they can, you can’t tion will end, and Palestinians will COVID-19 the occurrence of these Jerusalem in terms of mental health, mental health wasn’t the top priority, as going out are not always possible trust ministries under occupation. be free. I think that we all need to situations is higher. Until now, we but again it is the context which is but we see our doctors as the main due to the military situation and oc- Palestine is not an independent state: practice some kind of control over don’t see more depression, but more sick more than the people. soldiers protecting out health: you cupation. So parents are more afraid, how can you trust your ministry if it our lives. You can practice control anxiety and aggressive reactions. We address your doctors for whatever not only from COVID-19, but also is under occupation? This stress and in the management of your everyday believe that depression comes later Are depression and anxiety taboo you think you need to. Palestinians of the political situation. So children uncertainty experienced by parents is life such as dressing and eating when because whenever there is a situation subjects in Palestine? have many psychosomatic reactions, were kept at home and we see more why children have lost their parents you get up—not automatically but as which is threatening their mental so many of us display less in terms and more aggressive reactions. It’s a as their main source of comfort and an individual in control of your own health, people tend to go into surviv- Not at all. Before, people thought of psychological symptoms but our natural response to feeling locked reassurance. With no schools and life. I advise that everyone should al mode and that means that people that psychologists and counselors bodies communicate what we feel. down, and the Palestinians don’t have no alternative to schools, children practice some kind of control and try to act, they try to do something. would not have anyone asking for So usually doctors are those who see any feeling or assurance of future also do not have the support of their try to do things that comfort them That’s why, in the beginning, we see help. Now you can go to any orga- what is happening, and if a person stability. They don’t trust what the friends. On the other hand, we know and do something meaningful every people doing more gardening, more nization that provides mental health doesn’t go to address a psychologist future will bring: What will happen that children are more resilient and day—whilst understanding that we cooking, and telling more jokes—it’s support and you will see waiting or counselor doctors do that job. We next with the Palestinian Authority? capable of creativity, but it is import- are all stressed. People are suffering a kind of way to survive. We believe lists of hundreds of people. People at PCC are also trying very hard to Will they have work to return to af- ant to realize that our children are worldwide, but try to listen to music, that if the situation continues, the in Palestine are very much aware of work with religious figures, because ter COVID-19? For example, I work also lost and afraid of what is going eat well, move, and enjoy as much anxiety that people have will not what is happening, especially when Palestinians will trust whom they in a stable organization and know on around them. as possible. Seek social interaction, be translated into action, but may it comes to their children; when see as the traditional authorities. We that after the pandemic I will still be albeit remote, but don’t close your- be more into violence and other their children are suffering the par- want religious figures and churches working here, but for the majority of We see in the media that women self off: connecting with others will responses, but we can’t tell if it will ents usually want to address it and in Palestine to be more cooperative Palestinians this causes a very high are being more severely affected by help everyone. So in general, practice develop into depression. ask for help. So maybe they don’t with mental health professionals so rate of anxiety and stress. the effects of the pandemic due to a self-control, rely on your energy, use the term depression but anxiety. that we can work together to meet rise in physical and mental domestic connect with others, and—this is Does the Centre see a difference Of course, they describe it as rest- the needs of our people. Are you finding that children and abuse. Is this reflected in the work important—believe that it will end. between Palestinians in the West less, stressed out, or preoccupied. young people are being affected by of the PCC? Humanity will keep going. Bank, East Jerusalem, and Gaza in And sometimes they speak about In what ways are people finding the pandemic, and in what way? 18 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 19

You mentioned the annexation ear- in the current situation are more lier. How do you think the uncer- willing to contribute their skills and tainty around annexation alongside support to others and this is some- COVID-19 and ongoing occupation thing very beautiful. Another thing is affecting people? I think is happening is that people are starting to reflect on what life As I said, it’s a cumulative trauma was like before, how we lived our and Palestinians will not stay mo- lives. People here, and all over the tionless. There will come a point world are expanding their view on when Palestinians say, “no more!” We what is important in life, what is Palestinian Counseling Center don’t trust any other systems—not less important in life, and how—af- international, not local, not govern- ter COVID-19—all humanity will mental. We trust ourselves and peo- be different. COVID-19 has made The Palestinian Counseling Cen- ple will do something to help them- it very clear that we are all in the ter was established in 1983 by a selves. At the moment, people are a same situation: People in the West group of psychologists, educators little bit confused about annexation; Bank understand more about what and community activists to provide they don’t really understand what is life is like in Gaza because of the professional and quality mental going to change in their everyday lockdown; internationals are under- health care to Palestinians in Jeru- THE REALITY ON THE GROUND: life. People will go out and change standing more about life in the West salem and the West Bank. Since its the situation, not only towards exter- Bank because of their lockdowns. I inception, and through its team of nal powers but also internally. When hope that people develop a feeling of multi-disciplinary counselors and FROM PANDEMIC TO LAYERS OF change comes it will happen here on unity and that no one is immune—if experts, the PCC has served as a cat- the ground and towards Israel. This I’m sick then my neighbor will be alyst in promoting community-based OCCUPATION AND CONFUSION is the normal circle of history; this is sick, the Israelis will be sick, the development and introducing the the normal reaction of people under Jordanians will be sick, and everyone concept of mental health in Pales- Sam Bahour occupation—people are not chairs will be sick. We are one humanity tine. At the time of its founding, mental health services in the region and tables and action is the nor- and I think people are beginning Occupation and the threat of ongoing were restricted to psychiatric treat- Throughout the ongoing Covid-19 ways pointed to the dangerous place mal reaction. We will see a reaction. to understand this. Of course, this pandemic there has been an unfor- annexation we have reached today. For coun- When? We don’t know. But I think isn’t reflected yet on the political or ment for mental disorders at mental health hospitals and private clinics tunate sense of denial within the tries of the world or Israeli citizens annexation is adding to the internal diplomatic levels, but individuals re- Palestinian people. People have been Israeli annexation of Palestinian lands to be surprised that the U.S-Israeli energy of people to seek change. alize that we are one—the illusion of operated by psychiatrists. Treatment methods used were largely archaic, going about their day-to-day lives as and Israeli dominance over Palestin- partnership is about to embark on separation is not there anymore. I see if nothing is happening, mask wear- ian lives comes in a variety of shapes, another catastrophic and illegal act Are there any positive stories which this understanding as a positive one. limited to bio-medical approaches, including medication and electric ing has been minimal, and gatherings forms, and flavors. Understandably, is only evidence that they have been have come out of the current situa- happen on a regular basis. Questions the international community and sleeping at the wheel for decades. tion and, if so, can you share one? shock therapy. To counter these po- tentially harmful tactics, work at the about why this is the case have to many Israeli citizens are in an uproar The time has come for serious stake- be asked and the answer to these today about the impending Israeli holders to hold Israel accountable for I’ll talk about PCC: In times of trau- center began, on a voluntary basis, through awareness-raising efforts in questions are mired in the multi- annexation of large swaths of the all their acts, in Occupied Palestine ma, people become one unit—they ple strains under which Palestinians West Bank, however, their hypocrisy and Israel, and not only threaten work together. The staff here are schools on the importance of mental health counseling and working with live – occupation, threat of ongoing can no longer be concealed. to take action if the next round of volunteers and we changed our work annexation, and poor government. annexation materializes. from direct therapy to online. Many children exposed to physical and political violence. Since then, the Not only is this yet another act of professionals, including PCC, are Before the reasons behind the current de jure annexation by Israel, but the Palestinians in Israel going into the media, into radio, into PCC has passed through a number of phases in its development process denial of the Covid-19 pandemic can upcoming act of annexation is being different electronic platforms and Yoad Ganadreh is a clinical psychol- be addressed, background needs to made out to be the overarching issue The horrendous reality of the Pales- trying to share their knowledge and ogist and a supervisor at the Pales- that have led to its present shape and character. be given to those multiple strains at hand. It is not, per se. For decades, tinian communities inside Israel—in experience with others. Professionals tinian Counseling Centre (PCC). faced by Palestinians: Israel’s actions on the ground have al- places like Akka, Haifa, Nazareth, 20 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 21

Jaffa, and the Negev—is not about (Oslo) Peace Process, began with a systemic inequality and ever more will- useless now that I am classified as a tinian researcher, who was quiet for words, The Galilee comes first if being regulated to sit in the back of model (and accompanying actions ing to confront the status quo.” West Bank Palestinian in the Israeli most of the time, spoke in a calm, Israel—and the world—is serious the bus; they could only wish for on the ground) of Gaza and Jericho government’s eyes. Israel is the only definitive voice. He said that every- about peace and truly desires historic such blatant racism. Here, racism is First. The idea was that the Pales- That’s researcher-talk for a slow and place on earth where I am not rec- thing we were discussing, in terms reconciliation with the Palestinians. multi layered ideological, well-cam- tinian Authority, which the Oslo calculated campaign of displacing ognized as the American that I am! of how much harm Israel is doing ouflaged, state-sponsored, and non- Accords created, would start by being an entire population in broad day- Thus, my Israeli military-issued per- to Palestinians living in Israel and Politics and Confusion stop. set up in the Gaza Strip and in the light—world, take note. mit, which allows me to enter Israel, under military occupation, is true, West Bank city of Jericho, a sort of restricts my movement so that I have but in the village, the numbers speak The Israeli occupation seeps into Anyone who thinks that stopping the pilot phase before subsequently de- One strategy, multiple applications to be back by ten in the evening to volumes. Over the past 72 years, every aspect of life, including our next Israeli annexation of additional ploying to all of the Palestinian areas what I call my cage, also known as since Israel’s creation, and despite internal affairs. This is not an excuse parts of the West Bank would bring defined in the Accords. The standing A startling realization, when travel- the metropolitan area of Ramallah. all of its attempts to force the Pales- for our state of affairs, but rather a peace closer would be well-advised to joke at the time was that what Israel, ing around the Palestinian farming tinians off the land, the population fact that has always been there and peel away the veneer of democratic the military occupying power, really villages in the Galilee, is that the What is now clear to me, and wasn’t has increased as per official Israeli must be understood and taken into façade, one that covers an Israeli plan meant was Gaza and Jericho Only! hilltops are dotted with gated, Jew- when I first arrived in Palestine statistics. As long as the Palestinians consideration as we plan our actions. with only one goal in mind—com- ish Israeli communities and Israeli shortly after the Oslo Accords were exist on this land, he asserted, their It is these desired “actions,” or lack pleting the campaign of ethnically With two decades of a never-end- government-declared nature reserves, signed, is that the system of com- rights are bound to be realized. thereof, where lack of clarity enters. cleansing Palestinians—on both sides ing “peace process,” Israel diverted all creating a physical barrier to the mand and control, which oppresses of the Green Line—that started with the world’s attention, including the natural growth of the native Pales- nearly five million Palestinians under Annexation here, annexation there “What draws me to Palestine, the creation of the State of Israel. Palestinian leadership, away from the tinian communities. Added to these military occupation, is strikingly then, is neither nationalism not discriminatory workings within Isra- physical obstructions to Palestinian similar to the system which con- The ultimate goal of more annex- patriotism, but my sense of justice, I witnessed the state of Palestinian el itself. As the parties quibbled over development, Israeli law provides for trols nearly two million Muslim and ation is to get more Palestinians to my refusal to remain silent in the citizens in Israel on a visit to North- who violated the Oslo Agreement another platform, a legal one, where- Christian Palestinians inside Israel, voluntarily leave Palestine and Israel. face of injustice, my unwillingness ern Israel in 2012. My trip took first and most, Israel never stopped by hundreds of Israeli communities who are Israeli citizens. to just go on living my life -- and place on a beautiful fall day, I sat in strangulating the Palestinian towns can keep out Palestinians on cultural All the way home, I could not get out enjoying the privileges of a ten- a friend’s living room in the village of and villages inside it. Even back then, grounds. The ultimate Israeli goal is to erase of my mind a new political slogan ured university professor – while Fassouta at the northern tip of Israel, some of the mainstream, internation- Palestinian collective memory, limit that would reveal the extent of the trying to block out and ignore adjacent to the Lebanese border, in al research outfits, such as the Inter- Coming from the occupied territory Palestinian education, squeeze Pal- Palestinian tragedy, The Galilee First. what Wordsworth once called the the part of Israel called the Galilee. national Crisis Group (ICG), were of the West Bank, these physical estinian living space, and strangle Instead of managing the conflict as still, sad music of humanity.” This is where the Palestinian citizens forced to take note. Their March obstacles and legal tools looked to any serious notion of Palestinian if the only contentious issue is about in Israel are concentrated. Five gener- 2012 report titled, “Back to Basics: me much like the illegal, Jewish-only economic enterprise. But Palestin- those of us living under Israeli mil- Saree Makdisi, Palestine Inside ations of Palestinians were sitting in Israel’s Arab Minority and the Israe- settlements that surround every Pal- ians are not going anywhere. This itary occupation, the international Out: An Everyday Occupation the room. As expected in Palestinian li-Palestinian Conflict,” stated: estinian city. The physical location was confirmed when I asked a law community, Israeli citizens, and Pal- society, within no time, politics was of both types of these residential student from this Galilaean village estinian leadership as well, should the focus of the discussion. But this “World attention remains fixed on colonies is not random, but rather where he plans to be in five years. call for the world to witness the re- First, there is President Mahmoud political discussion had a different the Israeli-Palestinian conflict but a a sharp demographic weapon to in- Without hesitation, he answered, ality of Palestinians inside Israel. Abbas. Positioned more as a king twist from what most of those fol- distinct, albeit related, conflict smoul- terrupt and stunt the growth of the “Here, in my village, and not for the governing by presidential decree, lowing this conflict are accustomed ders within Israel itself. It might be Palestinian communities. next five years, but for the next 10 If Israel is bent on discriminating than president of an operating po- to. The issues had to do with the no less perilous. Jewish-Arab domestic and 20 and 100 years.” Eight years against one-fifth of its citizens, what litical system, President Abbas is at a Palestinian citizens in Israel and how relations have deteriorated steadily for I wanted to see more but had to head have passed since his answer. He is should we expect of it in the oc- loss as to how to address the multiple the Israeli government systematically a decade. More and more, the Jewish back home to the West Bank. Now still in his village, now married and cupied territory, areas that are not fronts imposed upon him. and structurally discriminates against majority views the Palestinian minori- that I am a Palestinian ID holder, with a son. internationally recognized as Israel? them. ty as subversive, disloyal and – due to which means I have West Bank res- Indeed, the next time I am asked From Israel, he has no partner with its birth rates – a demographic threat. idency status issued by the Israeli After hours of deep discussion in that what I think the solution to this whom to do anything. From the Bilateral negotiations between the Palestinian citizens are politically mar- occupation authorities, I cannot be quiet Palestinian village of Fassouta, conflict is, my answer will be ready: West, he hears repeated statements Palestinians and Israelis, better ginalized economically underprivi- in Israel as a tourist. My U.S. citi- tucked away in the velvet-like green Let us start with full equal rights for of how they now “get it,” but he is known as the infamous Middle East leged, ever more unwilling to accept zenship—my only citizenship—is hills of the Galilee, a veteran Pales- Palestinians inside Israel. In other yet to find them acting to hold Israel 22 ISSUE 80, SUMMER 2019 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 23 accountable. The Arab heartland is so ian people, in accordance with the and Palestinian disunity have both again, there are organized into the pendence. territory would improve the living disfigured that he can barely keep up relevant resolutions and practice.” stripped the PA from its ability to forced fragments created by Israel. and working conditions for many, with the states in their domino-style develop into a full-scale government. Each fragment has its own challeng- UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon however, a political change is also collapse in order to understand their Legally, all is in order, but politically, es, priorities and dynamics. The most recently told the Security Council required. Whether the recent talk of role. From his own street, he is faced all is a mess. Today, it is more of a national exciting of these are the Palestinian that the wave of attacks in Israel and elections being held within the next with a loss of hope that has turned non-governmental organization citizens of Israel who, although fac- Palestine was driven by a “profound six months will make some move at times to violence. The PLO Executive Committee con- (NGO), forced to align with the ing extreme conditions from Israel’s sense of alienation and despair” towards a government in whom sists of 18 members, including the donors that keep it alive, than an ex- right-wing government, are more among some Palestinians, particu- Palestinians can place their trust is The scenario playing out in the president. Article 14 of the PLO ecutive body implementing properly outspoken and politically organized larly the young. uncertain but it would certainly open streets has the dangerous possibility bylaws stipulates that the Palestine legislated policy. today than they have ever been. a door to such a movement. of spinning out of control. One day National Council (PNC) must con- He continued, “Palestinian frustra- President Abbas turns a blind eye to vene in the event that one third of That said, the PA is not a foreign Yet to be mobilized are the refugee tion is growing under the weight the protests and violence, the next the members of the Executive Com- body, it is part and parcel of our communities and the Palestinian of a half century of occupation and This article is curated by Sabeel from he sends his security forces to quell mittee resigns, in order to choose community and, albeit limited, is diaspora, two major levers that have the paralysis of the peace process. As two articles by Sam Bahour ‘Layers of the protesters, sometimes violently. new officers. an important platform that needs a the potential to be real game-chang- oppressed peoples have demonstrated confusion choke internal Palestinian Onlookers trying to understand the new scope of work. It does not need ers once they enter the political ring. throughout the ages, it is human affairs’ published in Middle East Eye strategy are left with the same sense In August 2015, President Abbas re- threats that it will be dismantled, Last but not least, there is the in- nature to react to occupation, which (29th January 2016) and ‘The Galilee of loss felt by Palestinians looking signed as head of the PLO Executive which would only leave our educa- ternational community, which has often serves as a potent incubator of First, if the world is serious about Israel for coherent leadership. Committee. In addition to Abbas’ tion and health care systems, among become an integral part of the in- hate and extremism.” and Palestine!’ resignation, Hanan Ashrawi, Ahmad others, to our occupiers to manage. ternal Palestinian reality. As it relates Second, there is the Palestine Lib- Majdalani, Saeb Erekat, Ghassan al- to internal Palestinian politics, the It is through the lenses of these mul- eration Organization (PLO), the Shakaa, and Mahmoud Ismail also Fourth, Palestinian civil society re- international community is a dou- tiple layers of confusion and occupa- Palestinian political agency, at least resigned, thus invoking the need for mains the wild card. Large chunks ble-edged sword. tion that we must view the current in name. It is there and not there at a session of the PNC - which has of civil society have been hijacked denial of the Covid-19 pandemic. the same time. not met to strategically define policy by donor agendas. To remain alive Without donors, the PA collapses Palestinians are naturally wary of since 1988. and meet payroll, just like the PA and any repairing of the Palestinian any more restriction being placed The PLO is alive and well in the itself, this chunk has little to offer political system will move from being on their daily lives including the international arena. The successful President Abbas tried to call for a in changing the deteriorating status in repair mode to reconstruct mode, closure of Israeli checkpoints during 29 November, 2012 UN General PNC meeting before the end of quo. Here I include the majority, if a shift that should not be taken light- lockdown with no indication when, Assembly resolution acknowledged 2015 but was forced to postpone not all, of the political parties that ly, as Israel has made it publicly clear or if, they will reopen and the limits “that the Executive Committee of the call, given the impression from comprise the PLO. that any Palestinian agency will be put on those Palestinians who work Sam Bahour is an American busi- the Palestine Liberation Organiza- many, including key figures in his made to surrender on its terms. On in Israeli settlements causing them to nessman and entrepreneur. He was tion, in accordance with a decision own FATAH party, that the entire That noted, there is another part of the other hand, with donors, Israel lose out on work or be parted from born to a Palestinian father and Leb- by the Palestine National Council, episode was a political stunt to gain civil society that is more rooted in gets a free ride to continue its policy their family for extended periods of anese-American mother. He moved is entrusted with the powers and re- legitimacy, which had been severely its communities and can be seen and of slow ethnic cleansing while all the time. Many Palestinians have also with his family to the Israeli-occu- sponsibilities of the Provisional Gov- damaged given his term as president heard challenging the phenomena of time paying lip-service to peace. come to a point politically where pied West Bank in the 1990s follow- ernment of the State of Palestine”. had long expired and the PNC is violence, as well as addressing the they have lost trust in the actions of ing the signing of Oslo Accords to today an empty shell. weaknesses in the political struc- I envy no one trying to navigate their own governments (led by Fa- become involved in developing the The same resolution went on to tures. A week does not go by without through this reality, but I am also tah in the West Bank and Hamas in economy of the future Palestinian “Decide[s] to accord to Palestine Third, there is the Palestinian Au- veteran political players meeting to convinced that without an operating Gaza) therefore, many are reluctant state.[1]Bahour was born in Ohio non-member observer State status in thority (PA). Trying to play the role craft a way forward; their weakness political system that can utilize the to follow restrictions and mandates in 1964. He graduated from Youngs- the United Nations, without preju- of a government, but lacking the bare is that the youth are usually meeting full capabilities of the Palestinian put upon them by those in power. town State University in 1989 with dice to the acquired rights, privileges minimum resources or real authority separately among themselves. people, those under occupation and The solution to this denial and lack a degree in computer technology, and role of the Palestine Liberation to do so, the PA goes through the those living free from occupation, of trust is hard to see, obviously a and subsequently worked for sever- Organization in the United Nations daily motions of an operating gov- Fifth, Palestinians living outside of no one will succeed in safeguarding just and peaceable end to the occu- al American software firms, before as the representative of the Palestin- ernment bureaucracy. Israeli actions the grip of Israeli occupation. Here our path toward freedom and inde- pation and annexation of Palestinian moving to the West Bank in 1995. 24 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 25

the sustainability of our oppression. funding, leaving a large segment people and saves many lives. Reconciliation must take place in of civil society hijacked by donor three areas: agendas. To remain alive and But as people of faith, practicality is meet payroll, this segment has not the only reason; our values are • Palestinian Political Reconcilia- little to offer in changing the de- even more important. Nonviolence tion: the divisions of Palestin- teriorating status quo. The civil is far more ethical than violent re- ian political factions have had society has moved from a possi- sistance; it is the way to challenge long lasting negative effects on ble agent for change to compet- the oppressor without losing our the Palestinian people and our ing in a market where the first humanity, nor denying the humanity national struggle. The most re- goal is the continuity of their of our oppressor. As Gandhi said: “an cent major division is evident organization, rather than the eye for an eye will make the world between Fatah and Hamas, well-being of their community. blind.” who have created two different governments with two differ- The process of internal Palestinian And Sabeel believes nonviolence is ent agendas and visions for the reconciliation is extremely challeng- the way of Christ: Jesus spoke truth path forward in our occupied ing and requires accountability and to power without lifting a sword. As territory. We strongly believe in transparency. Unfortunately, without people of faith, we strongly believe MOVING FORWARD freedom of speech and that dif- reforming our own Palestinian fam- that the teachings of Jesus have prov- ferent points of view must be ily, achieving any progress on any en their effectiveness throughout the celebrated; however, if consen- political solution to bring justice to past 2000 years, and we have faith A PATH TO LIBERATION sus is not possible among the Palestine will be destined to fail. that the way of Christ is still appli- divided factions, the democratic cable in the world. Omar Haramy - Sabeel Administrator process must be the judge. Po- Nonviolence litical factions and leaders who The Palestinian people must regain Reflecting on the current situation, that any proposed solution must the solidarity we will receive; we will have committed crimes must be The Palestinian people have been faith in themselves and commit to the odds are not in favor of achiev- come with consequences. Internal be able to keep some friends and held accountable and brought using a variety of forms of resis- speak truth to power using the power ing a just solution to the Palestinian discussions must be conducted open- advocates, and we might lose others. to justice. For true political rec- tance depending on the realities on of nonviolence through community Israeli conflict. Yet faith does not ly among all Palestinians to discuss The final decision is a Palestinian onciliation to take place, our the ground and available resources. resistance. The Palestinian people rely on odds or facts. Palestinian the different end game scenarios to decision. people must hold the different Although one could argue that the must spend less time analyzing Israeli Liberation Theology is founded on our struggle. The Palestinian people political factions accountable for majority of the Palestinian struggle politics and the international power three important tenants Inclusivity, must include our friends and sup- As Sabeel we strongly believe that the their past crimes and misuse of has been nonviolent, at few times in balance and instead take the strug- Justice. and Nonviolence. I personally porters, regardless of their faith or most realistic and just solution is the power. The lack of accountability history has our nonviolent struggle gle to our fields, streets, and cities. believe that the path for liberation nationality, and including Israelis, two-state solution with a basis in in- of our political leadership has been well-coordinated and main- History proves that there is no force is within our grasps if we pursue the in such a discussion. A joint decision ternational law. A two-state solution created a form of impunity and tained. As Sabeel we believe that the that can suppress a united, deter- following steps: must take place to agree on what based on international law not only is on the path to create a corrupt only way is the nonviolent way for mined, and persistent community of path must be pursued: achieves justice but also has the poten- totalitarian leadership. the following practical reasons: oppressed people demanding justice. Justice • Two-state solution based on In- tial for restorative Justice. • Civil society and community rec- ternational Law onciliation: For years, Palestin- • Israel is far more powerful when The founding values of Palestinian We have a local saying: whenever • Liberation of all historical Pal- Reconciliation ian civil society has stepped in it comes to military might. Pal- Liberation Theology are very appli- two Palestinians meet to discuss a estine to help provide the services our estinian armed struggle has no cable today and with faith we can just solution to the conflict, we end • One state solution for both Pal- There are numerous serious divisions people have been deprived of chance. create our own destiny. up with three different opinions. It estinians and Israelis among the Palestinian people, and a due to years of occupation and • Only a few Palestinians could is time for Palestinians to come to an • Any other creative solutions divided movement will not be able to lack of government. Many such participate in the armed struggle. agreement on what is an acceptable accomplish liberation for the people initiatives started with goodwill, Nonviolent resistance is accessi- solution to the conflict. The Pales- The path the Palestinian people who are on the margins. Instead, yet they have fallen into the in- ble to all our people. tinian people must also be aware choose will have serious effects on the divisions are a tool that ensures evitable problem of relying on • Nonviolence is less costly for our 26 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 ISSUE 82, SUMMER 2020 27

NEW HEADS OF CHURCHES Sabeel Ecumenical Liberation Theology Center P.O.B. 49084 Jerusalem 91491 Visit our IN JERUSALEM Tel: 972.2.532.7136 Fax: 972.2.532.7137 website: General E-mail: [email protected] www.sabeel.org Clergy Program: [email protected] International Programs: [email protected] Sabeel-Nazareth Archbishop Pierbattista Pizzaballa OFM Youth Program: [email protected] PO Box 50278 Nazareth 16120 Israel Media: [email protected] On 24 October 2020, Pizzaballa was appointed Latin Pa- Tel: 972(4)6020790 Visiting: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] triarch of Jerusalem by Pope Francis. On 28 October 2020, Pope Francis bestowed Patriarch Pizzaballa with the pallium, International Friends of Sabeel a symbol of his authority as metropolitan archbishop and his unity with the pope. He took canonical possession of Friends of Sabeel North America (FOSNA) Friends of Sabeel Sweden (FOS Sweden) that see on 6 November 2020 in a private ceremony in the Executive Director: Tarek Abuata Director :Kenneth Kimming presence of Archbishop Leopoldo Girelli, Apostolic Delegate Friends of Sabeel North America Address :Nickelgränd 12 PO Box 3192 SE-16256 Vällingby Sweden to Jerusalem, the Auxiliary Bishops of Jerusalem, and the Greenwood Village, CO 80155 USA Email : [email protected]. Patriarchate’s College of Consultors. Tel: +1-503-653-6625 Website : www.sabeelsverige.se Email : [email protected] Website: www.fosna.org Friends of Sabeel Scandinavia in Norway Canadian Frinds of Sabeel (CFOS) Director :C/O Karibu Kirkens Hus Executive Director: Yara Shoufani Bishop Coadjutor Hosam Naoum Address: Radhusgata 1-3 CFOS Office 0151 Oslo / Norway 7565 Newman Blvd. Tel: +47-47340649 On Sunday 14 June in St George’s Cathedral, Jerusalem, P.O. Box 3067 Email : [email protected] Montreal, QC H8N 3H2 Website:www.sabeelnorge.org Archbishop Michael as Primate of the Province joined Arch- Tel: +1 416 846 6344 bishop Suheil Dawani and Bishop Peter Eaton of Southeast Email : [email protected] Friends of Sabeel Oceana Inc. (FOS-au) Florida in making a new Coadjutor (Assistant) Bishop for Website : www.friendsofsabeel.ca Director : Ken Sparks Address PO Box 592, Burpengary Qld 4505 the Episcopal Diocese of Jerusalem. Hosam Naoum, pre- Sabeel-Kairos UK Phone +641 930 1914 viously cathedral dean there, will in due course succeed as Sabeel-Kairos Email : [email protected] Jerusalem’s Anglican diocesan bishop. Office Above AGE UK Website: www.sabeel.org.au 60 the Parade Oadby Friends of Sabeel France Leicester Director : Ernest Reichert LE2 5BF Address: 12, rue du Kirchberg Email: [email protected] F- 67290 Wingen s/Moder – France Website: www.sabeel-kairos.org.uk Tel: +33 (0)3 88894305 Email : [email protected] Bishop Camil Afram Antoine Semaan Kairos-Sabeel Netherlands Website: http://amisdesabeelfrance.blogspot.fr/ Marijke Gaastra The Synod of Bishops of the Patriarchal Church of Antioch Lobbendijk 5 Friends of Sabeel Germany of the Syrians has elected as exarch for Syrian faithful in 3991 EA Houten Netherlands Address Hagdornweg 1 70597 Stuttgart / Germany Jerusalem, Palestine and Jordan the Reverend Camil Afram Email: [email protected] Website: www.kairos-sabeel.nl Tel: +49 (0) 711 9073809 Antoine Semaan, currently parish administrator of the same Email : [email protected] circumscription, to which the Holy Father had granted his Website www.fvsabeel-germany.de assent, assigning him the titular see of Hierapolis of the Syrians. PURPOSE STATEMENT of SABEEL

Sabeel is an ecumenical grassroots liberation theology It encourages individuals and groups from around the world movement among Palestinian Christians. Inspired by the to work for a just, comprehensive, and enduring peace life and teaching of Jesus Christ, this liberation theology informed by truth and empowered by prayer and action. seeks to deepen the faith of Palestinian Christians, promote unity among them, and lead them to act for justice and love. Sabeel strives to develop a spirituality based on justice, peace, non-violence, liberation, and reconciliation for the different national and faith communities. The word ‘Sabeel’ is Arabic for ‘the way’ and also a ‘channel’ or ‘spring’ of life-giving Sabeel Ecumenical Liberation Theology Center water. P.O.B. 49084 Jerusalem 91491 Tel: 972.2.532.7136 Sabeel also works to promote a more accurate international Fax: 972.2.5327137 awareness regarding the identity, presence, and witness of Cornerstone: [email protected] Palestinian Christians as well as their contemporary concerns. or visit our website at: www.sabeel.org