DOCSLIB.ORG

Biomonitoring Survey of the Lower Mekong River and Selected Tributaries 2017

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Biomonitoring Survey of the Lower Mekong River and Selected Tributaries 2017 ISSN : 1728-3248 Mekong River Commission Secretariat P.O. Box 6101, 184 Fa Ngoum Road REPORT ON THE 2017 BIOMONITORING Unit 18, Ban Sithane Neua, Sikhottabong District, Vientiane 01000, Lao PDR Tel: +856 21 263 263. Fax: +856 21 263 264 www.mrcmekong.org SURVEY OF THE LOWER MEKONG RIVER © Mekong River Commission AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES MRC TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES October 2019 The MRC is funded by contribution from its member countries and development partners of Australia, Belgium, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United States and the World Bank. Mekong River Commission Report on the 2017 biomonitoring survey of the Lower Mekong State of the Basin Report 2018 River and selected tributaries MRC Technical Report series October 2019 Rrepared by: Mekong River Commission Secretariat Environmental Management Division Copyright © Mekong River Commission 2019 First published (2019) Some rights reserved This work is a product of the Mekong River Commission Secretariat with external contributions. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Mekong River Commission, nor its member countries, or the governments they represent. While all efforts are made to present accurate information, the Mekong River Commission Secretariat does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colours, denomination, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of the Mekong River Commission Secretariat concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of the Mekong River Commission, all of which are specifically reserved. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made and notification is sent to MRC. The Mekong River Commission would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. This publication cannot be used for sale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without permission in writing from the Mekong River Commission. Title: Report on the 2017 Biomonitoring Survey of the Lower Mekong River and Selected Tributaries ISSN: 1728-3248 (Print) Mekong River Commission Keywords: ecological health / biological indicator / biological metrics For bibliographic purposes, this volume may be cited as: Report on the 2017 Biomonitoring Survey of the Lower Mekong River and Selected Tributaries / The Mekong River Commission/Vientiane/Lao PDR, 94 pages, (2019) Information on the MRC publications and digital products can be found at http://www.mrcmekong.org/ publications/. Cover photo and inside photos: Copyrighted 2005, Garrison Photographic & Mekong River Commission All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to: Mekong River Commission Documentation and Learning Centre 184 Fa Ngoum Road, Unit 18, Ban Sithane Neua, Sikhottabong District, Vientiane 01000, Lao PDR Telephone: +856-21 263 263 | E-mail: [email protected] | www.mrcmekong.org Contents Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................................................................x Acronyms.....................................................................................................................................................................xi Glossary of biomonitoring terms .............................................................................................................................xii Summary ...................................................................................................................................................................xiv 1. Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................1 2. Materials and methods ......................................................................................................................................2 2.1. Sampling sites ................................................................................................................................................................................2 2.2. Field sampling and laboratory and statistical analysis................................................................................................. 19 2.3. Calculation of biometric metrics .......................................................................................................................................... 22 2.4. Using biological metrics to evaluate sites ........................................................................................................................ 22 2.5. Designation of reference sites .............................................................................................................................................. 23 3. Results ...............................................................................................................................................................26 3.1. Environmental Variables ......................................................................................................................................................... 26 3.2. Benthic Diatoms ........................................................................................................................................................................ 32 3.3. Zooplankton ................................................................................................................................................................................ 40 3.4. Littoral Macroinvertebrates ................................................................................................................................................... 49 3.5. Benthic macroinvertebrates .................................................................................................................................................. 58 3.6. Evaluation of Sites .................................................................................................................................................................... 67 4. Regional Summary and Conclusion .................................................................................................................73 5. Recommendation ..............................................................................................................................................75 6. References ..........................................................................................................................................................77 7. Annex 1 – Images of fieldwork activities in 2017............................................................................................80 8. Annex 2 – Images of specimen collected in 2017 ...........................................................................................81 v Report on the 2017 biomonitoring survey of the lower Mekong River and selected tributaries Figures Figure 2.1. Sampling sites of aquatic EHM in the Lower Mekong Basin surveyed in 2017. ..............................................2 Figure 2.2. Diatom collected in 2017 - Geissleria decussis ........................................................................................................ 19 Figure 2.3 Field Methods Diatoms ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 2.4. Zooplankton collected in 2017 - Polyathara vulgaris ........................................................................................... 20 Figure 2.5. Field methods zooplankton in 2017, Thailand. ........................................................................................................ 20 Figure 2.6. Littoral Macroninvertebrate collected in 2017 - Stenelmis sp.) ......................................................................... 21 Figure 2.7. Field methods littoral macroinvertebrates in Thailand (2017) ........................................................................... 21 Figure 2.8. Benthic Macroinvertebrate collected in 2017 - Lammelligomphu sp. ............................................................ 21 Figure 2.9 Sample Collection of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in 2017 ................................................................................. 21 Figure 2.10. Reference Sites in the LMB chosen based on good water quality, habitat and minimal disturbance from human activities ....................................................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 3.1 Altitude and river width at all sample sites from 2013, 2015 and 2017 .......................................................... 27 Figure 3.2. Comparison of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) measurements at sites across the Lower Mekong basin (LMB) in 2013, 2015 and 2017. ................................................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 3.3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Flood Risk Assessment in the Nam Mae Kok Basin, Thailand
    THE MEKONG RIVER COMMISSION SECRETARIAT Flood Risk Assessment in the Nam Mae Kok basin, Thailand The Flood Management and Mitigation Programme, Component 2: Structural Measures & Flood Proofing in the Lower Mekong Basin December 2009 Draft Final Report, Volume 6A HASKONING NEDERLAND B.V. UNESCO IHE Guide to the reporting structure of the Flood Management and Mitigation Programme - Component 2, Structural Measures and Flood Proofing Component 2 on Structural Measures and Flood Proofing of the Mekong River Commission's Flood Management and Mitigation Programme was implemented from September 2007 till January 2010 under a consultancy services contract between MRCS and Royal Haskoning in association with Deltares and Unesco-IHE. The Implementation was in three Stages, an Inception Phase, and two implementation Stages. During each stage a series of outputs were delivered and discussed with the MRC, the National Mekong Committees and line agencies of the four MRC member countries. A part of Component 2 - on 'Roads and Floods' - was implemented by the Delft Cluster under a separate contract with MRC. The consultancy services contract for Component 2 specifies in general terms that, in addition to a Final Report, four main products are to be delivered. Hence, the reports produced at the end of Component 2 are structured as follows: Volume 1 Final Report Volume 2 Characteristics of Flooding in the Lower Mekong Basin: Volume 2A Hydrological and Flood Hazard in the Lower Mekong Basin; Volume 2B Hydrological and Flood Hazard in Focal Areas; Volume 2C Flood Damages, Benefits and Flood Risk in Focal Areas, and Volume 2D Strategic Directions for Integrated Flood Risk management in Focal Areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Snail Diversity in Mae Lao Agricultural Basin (Chiang Rai, Thailand) with a Focus on Larval Trematode Infections
    ISSN (Print) 0023-4001 ISSN (Online) 1738-0006 Korean J Parasitol Vol. 56, No. 3: 247-257, June 2018 ▣ ORIGINAL ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.247 Freshwater Snail Diversity in Mae Lao Agricultural Basin (Chiang Rai, Thailand) with a Focus on Larval Trematode Infections Kittichai Chantima*, Krittawit Suk-ueng, Mintra Kampan Energy and Environment Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand Abstract: The aim of this study was to conduct a freshwater snail survey in Mae Lao agricultural basin to assess the di- versity with a focus on habitat types and their larval trematode infections. Snails were collected and examined in 14 sites of Mae Lao agricultural basin from August 2016 to October 2017. A total of 1,688 snail individuals were collected and classified into 7 families, 8 genera, and 12 species. Snail diversity and habitat types were higher in rice paddies than irri- gation canals and streams. The most abundant species was Bithynia siamensis siamensis, representing 54.6% of the sample. Three species of snails act as first intermediate host were found with cercarial infections. They were Filopaludina sumatrensis polygramma, B. s. siamensis, and Melanoides tuberculata. The cercariae were categorized into 7 types; echi- nostome, monostome, gymnocephalous, virgulate, parapleurolophocercous, pleurolophocercous and megalurous cer- cariae. Parapleurolophocercous cercariae constituted the most common type of cercariae recovered, contributing 41.2% of all infections in snails. Echinostome metacercariae infections were found in 6 snail species with 7.6% prevalence. In addition, the metacercaria of avian trematode, Thapariella sp. were found in Filopaludina spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Development Plan for Tonle Sap and Chakdomuk
    DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR TüNLE SAP AND CHAKDOMUK PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PREPARt:D FOI~ THE MEKONG SECRETARIAT BY ORS TOM IN ASSOCIATION WITH B C E 0 M OCTOBER 1993 BCEOM DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR TONLE SAP AND CHAKDOMUK PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY prepared for The Mekong Secretariat by ORSTOM in association with BCEOM October 1993 SCOPE Of THE STUDY The Great Lake of Cambodia is the largest permanent freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, covering areas between 2 500 km 2 during the dry season and more than 13 000 km 2 at the end of the rainy season. The Great Lake is connected to the Mekong by the Tonlé Sap River. The confluence is at Chakdomuk in Phnom Penh city, some 120 km to the south-west of the outlet of the lake. The study area (éomprising the Great Lake, the Tonlé Sap River and their surrounding wetlands and agricultural fields) constitutes a highly productive ecosystem for the country. However, several reports have indicated that environmental conditions have changed during the last years. The siltation of the Tonlé Sap, especially at the confluence with the Mekong and at the entrance of the lake (near Snoc Trou) was reported as being an obstacle to the flow in the Tonlé Sap River. It was also alleged that sedimentation has significantly reduced the depth of the lake. Serious reduction in fish catches have also been reported. Sedimentation and uncontrolled fishing practices are thought to be major causes for this reduction. The Interim Committee for Coordination of Investigations of the Lower Mekong Basin resolved to address these problems, including inland navigation aspects and river morphology problems in the confluence area of Chakdomuk, through a comprehensive integrated development plan of the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Mekong River in the Economy
    le:///.le/id=6571367.3900159 NOVEMBER REPORT 2 0 1 6 ©THOMAS CRISTOFOLETTI / WWF-UK In the Economy Mekong River © NICOLAS AXELROD /WWF-GREATER MEKONG Report prepared by Pegasys Consulting Hannah Baleta, Guy Pegram, Marc Goichot, Stuart Orr, Nura Suleiman, and the WWF-Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam teams. Copyright ©WWF-Greater Mekong, 2016 2 Foreword Water is liquid capital that flows through the economy as it does FOREWORD through our rivers and lakes. Regionally, the Mekong River underpins our agricultural g systems, our energy production, our manufacturing, our food security, our ecosystems and our wellbeing as humans. The Mekong River Basin is a vast landscape, deeply rooted, for thousands of years, in an often hidden water-based economy. From transportation and fish protein, to some of the most fertile crop growing regions on the planet, the Mekong’s economy has always been tied to the fortunes of the river. Indeed, one only need look at the vast irrigation systems of ancient cities like the magnificent Angkor Wat, to witness the fundamental role of water in shaping the ability of this entire region to prosper. In recent decades, the significant economic growth of the Lower Mekong Basin countries Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Viet Nam — has placed new strains on this river system. These pressures have the ability to impact the future wellbeing including catalysing or constraining the potential economic growth — if they are not managed in a systemic manner. Indeed, governments, companies and communities in the Mekong are not alone in this regard; the World Economic Forum has consistently ranked water crises in the top 3 global risks facing the economy over the coming 15 years.
    [Show full text]
  • ON the HISTORY of CHIANG RAI HANSPENTH ARCHIVE of LAN NA INSCRIPTIONS, SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHIANG Mal UNIVERSITY
    ON THE HISTORY OF CHIANG RAI HANSPENTH ARCHIVE OF LAN NA INSCRIPTIONS, SOCIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHIANG MAl UNIVERSITY The historical sources are nearly all agreed that King out the time and throughout its area of distribution, mang has Mang Rai founded Chiang Rai in Culasakkaraja (C.S.) 624, a the meaning of "king" or of "kingdom." year Tao Set. 1 It is therefore probable that Chiang Rai was founded sometime between 27 March 1262 A.D. and 28 March We do not know for how long mang was used in the royal 1263 A.D. 2 house ofthe Thai Yuan, to which PhayaMang Rai belonged. But Most sources do not indicate the day and the month, but it seems that soon after 1300 A.D. mang fell into disuse and was according to a work on the history of Phayao (PA Y.PP.29), the replaced by phaya after a period of transition during which both foundation day was a day 3, month 2, day 15 of the waxing words were used. The Chronicle of Chiang Mai mentions only moon, i.e. day of the full moon, C.S. 624. That corresponds to a two mang: Mang Rai and Mang Khram, his son. Both are also called phayif by the chronicle. But although mang is regularly Tuesday in about October- November 1292 or to a Tuesday two months later, viz. in about December 1262 - January 1263, used for Phaya Mang Rai and sometimes even exclusively depending on whether "month 2" here means the LcL11 Na (dropping the phaya), his son is rarely called Mang Khram; usually he is called Phaya Khram.
    [Show full text]
  • Floodplain Deposits, Channel Changes and Riverbank Stratigraphy of the Mekong River Area at the 14Th-Century City of Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand
    Boise State University ScholarWorks Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations Department of Geosciences 10-15-2008 Floodplain Deposits, Channel Changes and Riverbank Stratigraphy of the Mekong River Area at the 14th-Century City of Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand. Spencer H. Wood Boise State University Alan D. Ziegler University of Hawaii Manoa Tharaporn Bundarnsin Chiang Mai University This is an author-produced, peer-reviewed version of this article. © 2009, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). The final, definitive version of this document can be found online at Geomorphology, doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.04.030 Published article: Wood, S.H., Ziegler, A.D., and Bundarnsin, T., 2008. Floodplain deposits, channel changes and riverbank stratigraphy of the Mekong River area at the 14th-Century city of Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand. Geomorphology, 101, 510-523. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.04.030. Floodplain deposits, channel changes and riverbank stratigraphy of the Mekong River area at the 14th-Century city of Chiang Saen, Northern Thailand. Spencer. H. Wood a,*, Alan D. Zieglerb, Tharaporn Bundarnsinc a Department Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA b Geography Department, University of Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA c Dept. Geological Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 50200 *Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract the active strike-slip Mae Chan fault has formed Riverbank stratigraphy and paleochannel the upstream 2-5-km wide floodplain at Chiang patterns of the Mekong River at Chiang Saen Saen, and downstream has diverted the river into provide a geoarchaeological framework to a broad S-shaped loop in the otherwise straight explore for evidence of Neolithic, Bronze-age, course of the river.
    [Show full text]
  • Boundary & Territory Briefing
    International Boundaries Research Unit BOUNDARY & TERRITORY BRIEFING Volume 2 Number 6 The Land Boundaries of Indochina: Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam Ronald Bruce St John Boundary and Territory Briefing Volume 2 Number 6 ISBN 1-897643-32-2 1998 The Land Boundaries of Indochina: Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam by Ronald Bruce St John Edited by Clive Schofield International Boundaries Research Unit Department of Geography University of Durham South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK Tel: UK + 44 (0) 191 334 1961 Fax: UK +44 (0) 191 334 1962 E-mail: [email protected] www: http://www-ibru.dur.ac.uk The Author Ronald Bruce St John is an independent scholar specialising in the political economy and foreign policy of developing states. He has worked as an advisor and researcher in Southeast Asia for almost 30 years and remains a regular visitor to Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. He holds a B.A. in political science from Knox College and an M.A. and Ph.D. in international relations from the Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver. Dr St John has published widely on Asian issues, including recent articles in Asian Survey, Asian Affairs, Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, Contemporary Southeast Asia, and Journal of the Siam Society. He is the author of two earlier Boundary and Territory Briefings, The Boundary Between Ecuador and Peru and The Bolivia-Chile-Peru Dispute in the Atacama Desert. Dr St John is currently completing a major study of economic reform and economic development in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. The opinions and comments contained herein are those of the author and are not necessarily to be construed as those of the International Boundaries Research Unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report L a O P
    Country Report Lao PDR Natural Disaster Risk Assessment and Area Business Continuity Plan Formulation for Industrial Agglomerated Areas in the ASEAN Region March 2015 AHA CENTRE Japan International Cooperation Agency OYO International Corporation Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Overview of the Country Basic Information of Lao PDR 1), 2), 3) National Flag Country Name Long form : Lao People's Democratic Republic Short form : Lao PDR, Laos Capital Vientiane Area (km2) Total: 236,800 Land: 230,800 Inland Water: 6,000 Population 6,769,727 Population density(people/ km2 of land area) 29 Population growth (annual %) 1.8 Urban population (% of total) 36 Languages Lao Ethnic Groups There are 49 ethnic groups including Lao (at least half of the total population) Religions Buddhism GDP (current US$) (billion) 11 GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) 4,570 GDP growth (annual %) 8.1 Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 28 Industry, value added (% of GDP) 36 Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 36 Brief Description Laos is located on the Indochina Peninsula, and bordered by China to the north, Myanmar to the west, Vietnam to the east, and Cambodia and Thailand to the south. It is the only landlocked country in ASEAN. The Mekong River runs north-south across Laos. The country is also characterized by its large mountainous regions. Laos became a member of ASEAN on July 23, 1997, together with Myanmar. Unlike other ASEAN countries, Laos does not have a large metropolis, and the country is thinly populated. Laos is a People’s Democratic Republic, and Choummaly Sayasone is the President and the head of state of Laos.
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Set to Decide on Covid Law
    WEDNESDAY, MARCH 10, 2021 Intelligent . In-depth . Independent Issue Number 3623 / 4000 RIEL Senate set to decide on Covid law Niem Chheng and Mom Kunthear in the hands of the commission on The draft law was proposed by the trol law to contain the pandemic and defines legal measures to prevent the health, social affairs, youth rehabili- government on February 28 and passed urged the Senate to speedily pass it. spread of Covid-19,” Hun Sen said. HE Senate will hold an tation, labour, vocational training, by the National Assembly on March 5 “I request that the Senate presi- Bun Neang said: “The law will be extraordinary session on and women’s affairs for a review. following the February 20 community dent, acting as head of state, find a passed no later than five days because March 11 to approve the The commission will then refer the outbreak of Covid-19, which had seen way to swiftly enact the draft law that Article 113 of the Constitution states draft law on the control of draft law to the Permanent Commit- confirmed cases rise to 549 in just over the National Assembly has recently that the Senate can pass a draft law Covid-19T and other contagious dis- tee on March 10, with a full Senate two weeks as of March 9. passed. Please hold an online session deemed urgent by the National As- eases, with the bill expected to be session expected the next day. Once In an urgent public address late on or a meeting with a limited number of sembly within five days of its receipt.
    [Show full text]
  • Chiang Rai Information
    Chiang Rai Information Chiang Rai Information Introduction Chiang Rai province covers some 11,678 square kilometres with a population of 1.23 million at an average elevation of 580 metres above sea level, is bordered by Myanmar to the north, and Laos to the north and northeast. The provincial capital is 785 kilometres north of Bangkok. Chiang Rai was founded in 1262 by King Mengrai and was the first capital of Lanna Thai (Kingdom of a Million Ricefields). The province contains Thailand's northernmost point at Mae Sai, is well known for its crisp mountain scenery, and hilltribes, and falls within the region known as the Golden Triangle, the area where the borders of Thailand, Myanmar and Laos converge. Attractions CITY ATTRACTIONS King Mengrai the Great Monument This is located on the city outskirts, beside the northern road to Mae Chan, and honours the monarch who founded Chiang Rai in 1262. Ku Phra Chao Meng Rai Situated in Wat Ngam Muang, on Ngam Muang Hillock, this stupa contains King Mengrai's ashes and relics. Wat Phra That Doi Chom Thong This ancient hilltop pagoda overlooks the Mae Kok River and predateds the founding of Chiang Rai as the capital of Lanna Thai. Wat Phra Sing This temple, on Singhakhlai Road, is a fine example of Lanna Thai religious architecture. The Phra Buddha Sihing image now housed in Chiang Mai's Wat Phra Sing was formerly enshrined here. Wat Phra Kaeo Located benind Wat Phra Sing, this temple is said to have been the original place where the Emerald Buddha now enshrined in Bangkok's Wat Phra Kaeo (Chapel of the Emerald Buddha) was enshrined.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Gibbon Status Review for Lao PDR 2008
    Preliminary Gibbon Status Review for Lao PDR 2008 J.W. Duckworth December 2008 This work was carried out with funding from the Arcus Foundation. Preliminary gibbon status review for Lao PDR 2008 This review is a work in progress for the conservation of gibbons in Lao PDR. It is intended to be updated periodically. Any comment on this document, including further records, would be gratefully received by the author and by Fauna & Flora International, at the addresses below. Citation: J. W. Duckworth, 2008, Preliminary gibbon status review for Lao PDR 2008, Fauna & Flora International, Unpublished report. Author: J. W. Duckworth, PO Box 5773, Vientiane, Lao PDR Email: [email protected] Date: December 2008 For more information or to send further comments contact: Paul Insua-Cao Fauna & Flora Asia-Pacific Programme, 340 Nghi Tam, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: +84-(0)43-719 4117 Fax: +84-(0)43-719 4119 Email: [email protected] Front cover photo of a captive young yellow-cheeked crested gibbon by Monty Sly. All views expressed within are the author’s alone unless attributed otherwise and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Fauna & Flora International. While the authors and editors strive for rigour and accuracy in presenting this report, Fauna & Flora International make no representations as to completeness, suitability or validity of any information contained, and will not be liable for any errors or omissions. The editors and Fauna & Flora International take no responsibility for any misrepresentation of material resulting from translation of this report into any other language. Reproduction of any part of this report for educational, conservation and other non-profit purposes is authorised without prior permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Part Iii Hydro-Hydraulic Modelling
    PART III HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING Vol. I: Main Report, Part III: Hydro-Hydraulic Modelling WUP-JICA, March 2004 PART III HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING 1. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODEL FOR THE CAMBODIAN FLOODPLAINS 1.1 Background of Model Development This Part III of the Main Report outlines all modelling activities carried out during the entire period of the WUP-JICA project/study including the model origin in the Mekong Basin and a similar improvement in the related project. In the initial stage of the study, some hydro-hydraulic simulation models were needed simultaneously with the monitoring activities to verify the observed data and to clarify the hydrological or hydraulic mechanisms in the basin. After a series of discussions with the MRCS due to the apprehension on overlapping of activities with the WUP-A and WUP-FIN projects, the WUP-JICA Team had decided to take over and further develop the model developed by the recently completed project of MRC. A brief description of the first study on the Mekong where MIKE 11 has been applied applied and the link to the other project where the model was used simultaneously with the WUP-JICA study for detailed flood analysis is herein presented. The part also explains the concepts of the two model systems applied; namely, the rainfall-runoff model and the hydraulic river and floodplain model. The coupling of the two models was studied as well. A detailed description of the topographical and structural data used for model construction is herein given, the hydrological and hydraulic data applied for model calibration or verification is described, and the detailed layout of the models together with the calibration or verification results for the years 1998-2001 is presented.
    [Show full text]