FAMILY Myctophidae Gill, 1893 - lanternfishes

SUBFAMILY Myctophinae Gill, 1893 - lanternfishes [=Scopelini, Electronini, Gonichthyini] Notes: Name in prevailing recent practice, Article 35.5 Scopelini Bonaparte, 1831:164 [ref. 4978] (subfamily) Scopelus [Richardson 1846:301 [ref. 3742] used Scopelinidae] Myctophidae Gill, 1893b:131 [ref. 26255] (family) Myctophum [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1; Myctophidae used as valid by: Jordan 1923 [ref. 2421], Parr 1928 [ref. 3368], Whitley 1936a [ref. 13756], Schultz with Stern 1948 [ref. 31938], Bertin & Arambourg 1958, Bailey et al. 1960 [ref. 27285], Lagler, Bardach & Miller 1962, Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers 1966 [ref. 26856], Kamohara 1967, McAllister 1968 [ref. 26854], Lindberg 1971 [ref. 27211], Nelson 1976 [ref. 32838], Shiino 1976, Wisner 1976 [ref. 19273], Lagler, Bardach, Miller & May Passino 1977, Nelson 1984 [ref. 13596], Whitehead et al. (1984) [ref. 13675], Smith & Heemstra 1986 [ref. 5715], Paxton et al. 1989 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990 [ref. 14674], Quéro et al. 1990 [ref. 15946], Robins et al. 1991a [ref. 14237], Becker 1992 [ref. 20772], Nelson 1994 [ref. 26204], Eschmeyer 1998 [ref. 23416], Zahuranec 2000 [ref. 24618], Chen (2002) [ref. 26587], Menezes et al. 2003 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004 [ref. 27807], Springer & Johnson 2004 [ref. 33199], Hoese et al. 2006, Nelson 2006 [ref. 32486], Paxton & Bray 2008 [ref. 30633], Fierstine, Huddleston & Takeuchi 2012] Electronini Wissner, 1963:28 [ref. 4759] (tribe) Electrona Gonichthyini Paxton, 1972:43 [ref. 3394] (tribe) Gonichthys

GENUS Benthosema Goode & Bean, 1896 - lanternfishes [=Benthosema Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:75] Notes: [ref. 1848]. Neut. Salmo muelleri Gmelin, 1789. Type by original designation. Type given as Salmo muelleri Gmelin = Scopelus glacialis Reinhardt, 1837 as identified by Lütken. •Valid as Benthosema Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:172 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:6 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:432 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:65 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:285 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:254 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:246 [ref. 25968], Hartel & Craddock 2003:946 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:510 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:271 [ref. 30633], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:120 [ref. 31212]). Current status: Valid as Benthosema Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Myctophinae

Species Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897) - spinycheek lanternfish [=Myctophum fibulatum Gilbert [C. H.] & Cramer [F.], 1897:411, Pl. 38 (?fig. 2 not 3), Myctophum hollandi Jordan [D. S.] & Jordan [E. K.], 1922:11, Pl. 1 (fig. 2), Benthosema pinchoti Fowler [H. W.], 1932:4, Fig. 1, Myctophum renschi Ahl [E.], 1929:195] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1114); ref. 1635] Kaiwi Channel, Hawaiian Islands, 21°13'N, 157°43'37"W, Albatross station 3467, depth 310 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Réunion (western Mascarenes) to Hawaiian Islands and Marquesas Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (hollandi) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 2487] Honolulu market, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (pinchoti) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 80 (no. 2906); ref. 1412] Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (renschi) [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 81 (nos 7/10) (art. 3); ref. 15880] Sabang, We Island, northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837) - glacier lanternfish [=Scopelus glacialis Reinhardt [J. C. H.], 1837:115, 126 [33, 44], Myctophum glaciale knipovitschi Soldatov [V. K.], 1939:152 [English p. 164], Fig. 1, Scopelus parvimanus Günther [A.], 1864:406, Scopelus scoticus Günther [A.], 1889:31, Myctophum glaciale var. thori Tåning [A. V.], 1918:33] Notes: [Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs naturvidenskabelige og mathematiske afhandlinger v. 7; ref. 3691] Greenland. Current status: Valid as Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic (Baffin Bay); eastern Atlantic from Kara Sea tp Greenland to Guinea, including Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (knipovitschi) [Some new or rare species of fishes of our northern seas; ref. 15285] Southwestern part of Barents Sea, 72°44'N, 22°47'E, depth 166-230 meters. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (parvimanus) [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] South Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (scoticus) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 31 (pt 78); ref. 2017] Faeröe Channel, northern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (thori) [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 (Biol.) (A. 7); ref. 12242] Sea of Marmara (Mediterranean Sea), 40°48'N, 27°59'E; Alborean Sea, Strait of Messina, Ionian Sea, Adriatic Sea, Bay of Korinth, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Benthosema panamense (Taning, 1932) - lamp fish [=Myctophum pterotum panamense Tåning [A. V.], 1932:129, Fig. 3] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Gulf of Panama, 7°30'N, 79°19'W, depth about 100 meters. Current status: Valid as Benthosema panamense (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Benthosema pterotum (Alcock, 1890) - spinycheek lanternfish [=Scopelus (Myctophum) pterotus Alcock [A. W.], 1890:217, Myctophum gilberti Evermann [B. W.] & Seale [A.], 1907:55, Fig. 1] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 33) (art. 26); ref. 82] Madras coast, India, 18°30'N, 84°46'E, Investigator station 96, depth 98-102 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Benthosema pterotum (Alcock, 1890). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine. (gilberti) [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (Doc. 607) (for 1906); ref. 1285] Bulan, Sorsogon, Philippines. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema pterotum (Alcock, 1890). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913) - smallfin lanternfish [=Myctophum suborbitale Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:82, Myctophum imitator Parr [A. E.], 1928:60, Myctophum fibulatum proximum Parr [A. E.], 1929:8, Myctophum simile Tåning [A. V.], 1928:56] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Suruga Bay, Japan, 35°02'10"N, 138°38'E, Albatross station 5064, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (imitator) [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Current status: Synonym of Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (proximum) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 76 (no. 2807); ref. 15936] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, western Atlantic, 24°29'N, 77°29'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (simile) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 31°47'N, 41°41'W, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Synonym of Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Centrobranchus Fowler, 1904 - lanternfishes [=Centrobranchus Fowler [H. W.], 1904:754] Notes: [ref. 1363]. Masc. Centrobranchus choerocephalus Fowler, 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Centrobranchus Fowler, 1904 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:173 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:436 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:67 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:287 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:255 [ref. 12442], Gago & Lavenberg 1992 [ref. 19897], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1960 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:947 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:511 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Valid as Centrobranchus Fowler, 1904. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Centrobranchus andreae (Lutken, 1892) - Andre's lanternfish [=Scopelus (Rhinoscopelus) andreae Lütken [C. F.], 1892:209, Centrobranchus gracilicaudus Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:595, Pl. 69 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, Aaret 1891; ref. 13407] Jacobshavn, Greenland. Current status: Valid as Centrobranchus andreae (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (gracilicaudus) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] West of Niihau Island, Hawaiian Islands, 22°27'30"N, 160°40'00"W, Albatross station 4145. Current status: Synonym of Centrobranchus andreae (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Centrobranchus choeroccephalus Fowler, 1904 - Fowler's centrobranchus (author) [=Centrobranchus choerocephalus Fowler [H. W.], 1904:754] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55 (for 1903); ref. 1363] Near Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Valid as Centrobranchus choerocephalus Fowler, 1904. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Gunther, 1873) - roundnose lanternfish [=Scopelus nigroocellatus Günther [A.] 1873:91 [11], Centrobranchus brevirostris Becker [V. E.], 1964:52, Fig. 21, Myctophum coccoi forma regularis Brauer [A.], 1904:390] Notes: [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 6424] South Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, including Hawaiian Islands, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (brevirostris) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 8009] Pacific, 33°19'N, 151°08'E, Vitiaz station 3234, surface. Current status: Synonym of Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (regularis) [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] No locality. Current status: Synonym of Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Ctenoscopelus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Ctenoscopelus (subgenus of Myctophum) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1059] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Scopelus phengodes Lütken, 1892. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). •Valid as Ctenoscopelus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Martin et al. 2018: [ref. 35716]). Current status: Valid as Ctenoscopelus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Ctenoscopelus phengodes (Lutken, 1892) - Southern lanternfish (author) [=Scopelus phengodes Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 253 [33], Fig. 11] Notes: [Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences et des Lettres de Danemark, Copenhague (Sér. 6) v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] South Pacific, 25°50'S, 102°50'E. Current status: Valid as Ctenoscopelus phengodes (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Dasyscopelus Gunther, 1864 - lanternfishes [=Dasyscopelus (subgenus of Scopelus) Günther [A.], 1864:405, 411] Notes: [ref. 1974]. Masc. Myctophum asperum Richardson, 1845. Type by subsequent designation. Described in key (p. 405) as subgenus of Scopelus with two corresponding species on p. 411. Type designated by Goode & Bean 1896:91 [ref. 1848]. •Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Bolin 1959:13 [ref. 503], Krefft & Bekker 1973:171 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). •Valid as Dasyscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Martin et al. 2018: [ref. 35716]). Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Dasyscopelus asperus (Richardson, 1845) - Richardson's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum asperum Richardson [J.], 1845:41, Pl. 27 (figs. 13-15), Dasyscopelus naufragus Waite [E. R.], 1904:154, Pl. 18 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] No locality stated. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus asperus (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through warm temperate seas. Habitat: marine. (naufragus) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 4561] Lord Howe Island. Current status: Synonym of Dasyscopelus asperus (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Dasyscopelus brachygnathos (Bleeker, 1856) Manado lanternfish (author) [=Scopelus brachygnathos Bleeker [P.], 1856:65] Notes: [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1 (6); ref. 352] Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus brachygnathos (Bleeker, 1856). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Dasyscopelus lychnobium (Bolin, 1946) - Cormorin lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum lychnobium Bolin [R. L.], 1946:137, Fig. 1] Notes: [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 509] About 200 miles off Cape Cormorin, India [southern Laccadive Sea, Indian Ocean], 5°56'N, 76°22'E. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus lychnobium (Bolin, 1946). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and Marquesas Islands and eastern equatorial Pacific, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia, but absent from eastern Pacific continental shelf. Habitat: marine. Species Dasyscopelus obtusirostris (Taning, 1928) - Saint Croix lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum pristilepis obtusirostre Tåning [A. V.], 1928:53] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Western Atlantic [ca. 27 kilometers northwest of Christiansted, Saint Croix, United States Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea], 17°54'N, 64°54'W, depth about 2500 meters. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus obtusirostris (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Dasyscopelus orientalis Gilbert, 1913 - Sagami Bay lanternfish (author) [=Dasyscopelus orientalis Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:70, Pl. 11 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Misaki, Sagami Bay, Japan. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus orientalis Gilbert, 1913. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Dasyscopelus selenops (Taning, 1928) - Cuban lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum selenops Tåning [A. V.], 1928:54] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Western Atlantic [ca. 8 kilometers north of La Habana, Cuba, Gulf of Mexico], 23°13'N, 82°21'W, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus selenops (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Dasyscopelus spinosus (Steindachner, 1867) - Chinese lanternfish (author) [=Scopelus spinosus Steindachner [F.], 1867:119, Scopelus cuvieri Castelnau [F. L.], 1873:106] Notes: [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 4 (no. 14) (for 16 May 1867); ref. 21724] China, western Pacific. Current status: Valid as Dasyscopelus spinosus (Steindachner, 1867). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and Marquesas Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland and Lord Howe Island (Australia) and New Caledonia and New Zealand region; strays to southeastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (cuvieri) [Proceedings of the Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria, Melbourne v. 2; ref. 758] Noble Island, Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Dasyscopelus spinosus (Steindachner, 1867). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Diogenichthys Bolin, 1939 - lanternfishes [=Diogenichthys Bolin [R. L.], 1939:119] Notes: [ref. 508]. Masc. Myctophum laternatum Garman, 1899. Type by original designation. •Valid as Diogenichthys Bolin, 1939 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:181 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:450 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:66 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:296 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:260 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:946 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:518 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:277 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Diogenichthys Bolin, 1939. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Diogenichthys atlanticus (Taning, 1928) - longfin lanternfish [=Myctophum laternatum atlanticum Tåning [A. V.], 1928:56, Diogenichthys scofieldi Bolin [R. L.], 1939:122, Fig. 16] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 570 kilometers west of Iouik, Mauritania], 20°00'N, 21°55'W. Current status: Valid as Diogenichthys atlanticus (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), larvae straying into western Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (scofieldi) [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 508] Off Cortez Banks, Pacific coast of Baja California, 31°33'N, 119°57'W, depth 0-50 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diogenichthys atlanticus (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diogenichthys laternatus (Garman, 1899) - Diogenes lanternfish [=Myctophum laternatum Garman [S.], 1899:267, Pl. 56 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Mexico and Central America [eastern Pacific], 7°06'-27°39'40"N, 79°48'-111°00'30"W, Albatross station 3388, 3414, 3437, depth surface-1168 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diogenichthys laternatus (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Central and eastern Pacific: California (U.S.A.) to Chile, west to Hawaiian Islands and equator at 170°W. Habitat: marine.

Species Diogenichthys panurgus Bolin, 1946 - Cormorin lanternfish (author) [=Diogenichthys panurgus Bolin [R. L.], 1946:140, Fig. 2] Notes: [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 509] About 200 miles off Cape Cormorin, India, 5°56'N, 76°22'E, Investigator station 670, depth 200 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diogenichthys panurgus Bolin, 1946. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896 - lanternfishes [=Electrona Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:91, Elampa (subgenus of Electrona) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1048, Elampadena Whitley [G. P.], 1953:135] Notes: [ref. 1848]. Fem. Scopelus risso Cocco, 1829. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:181 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:450 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:65 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:297 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:260 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:149 [ref. 21685], Miller 1993:525 [ref. 21297], Hulley 1998:75 [ref. 23872], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1958 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:946 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:518 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:278 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Elampa) [ref. 1496]. Fem. Scopelus subasper Günther, 1864. Type by original designation. Elampadena Whitley, 1953 is an unneeded replacement, Elampa apparently not preoccupied. •Synonym of Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Synonym of Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Elampadena) [ref. 4718]. Fem. Scopelus subasper Günther, 1864. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for and objective synonym of Elampa Fraser-Brunner, 1949, not preoccupied by Elampus Spinola, 1806 in Hymenoptera. •Synonym of Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896 -- (Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Synonym of Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Electrona antarctica (Gunther, 1878) - Antarctic lanternfish [=Scopelus antarcticus Günther [A.], 1878:184 [17], Scopelus colletti Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 249 [29], Fig. 7] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 5) v. 2 (nos 7/8/9)(art. 2/22/28); ref. 2010] Antarctic Ocean, Challenger station 156, depth 1975 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Electrona antarctica (Günther, 1878). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine. (colletti) [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] Pacific, 200 miles west of Cape Horn, 30° to 28°16'S, 96° to 97°30'W. Current status: Synonym of Electrona antarctica (Günther, 1878). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Electrona carlsbergi (Taning, 1932) - electron subantarctic lanternfish [=Myctophum carlsbergi Tåning [A. V.], 1932:126, Fig. 1] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] East of New Zealand, 44°40'S, 173°39'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Electrona carlsbergi (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. Species Electrona paucirastra Bolin, in Andriashev, 1962 - belted lanternfish [=Electrona paucirastra Bolin [R. L.], in Andriashev, 1962:280] Notes: [Issledovanija fauny morej = Explorations of the fauna of the seas, Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Zoologiceskij Institut v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 9192] Southern Indian Ocean, 39°30'S, 71°16'E. Current status: Valid as Electrona paucirastra Bolin, 1962. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) - electric lanternfish [=Scopelus risso Cocco [A.], 1829:144, Electrona risso salubris Whitley [G. P.], 1933:62] Notes: [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Disjunct circumtropical in warm seas, including Mediterranean Sea, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (salubris) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 19 (no. 1); ref. 4677] Between Gabo Island and Cape Everard, Victoria, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Electrona subaspera (Gunther, 1864) - rough lanternfish [=Scopelus subasper Günther [A.], 1864:411, Myctophum megalops Peters [W. (C. H.)], 1864:393, Scopelus stellatus Bennett [F. D.], 1840:288] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] South of Australia, 43°30'S, 123°E. Current status: Valid as Electrona subaspera (Günther, 1864). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (megalops) [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preuss[ischen] Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1864; ref. 3437] Cape Horn (purchased). Current status: Synonym of Electrona subaspera (Günther, 1864). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (stellatus) [Narrative of a whaling voyage round the globe v. 2; ref. 260] Pacific off South America, Lat. 43°S. Current status: Synonym of Electrona subaspera (Günther, 1864). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Gonichthys Gistel, 1850 - lanternfishes [=Gonichthys Gistel [J.], 1850:71, Alysia Lowe [R. T.], 1839:87, Rhinoscopelus (subgenus of Scopelus) Lütken [C. F.], 1892:209] Notes: [ref. 5020]. Masc. Alysia loricata Lowe, 1839. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Alysia Lowe, 1839, preoccupied by Alysia Latreille, 1804 in Hymenoptera. •Valid as Gonichthys Gistel, 1850 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:182 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:452 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:298 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:261 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1960 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:947 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:519 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:280 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Gonichthys Gistel, 1850. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Alysia) [ref. 2829]. Fem. Alysia loricata Lowe, 1839. Type by monotypy. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Alysia Latreille, 1804 in Hymenoptera; replaced by Gonichthys Gistel, 1850. •Synonym of Gonichthys Gistel, 1850 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:182 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys Gistel, 1850. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Rhinoscopelus) [ref. 13407]. Masc. Scopelus cocco Cocco, 1829. Type by subsequent designation. Appeared first in Lütkin 1892:209 as above (see Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440]). Also in Lütken 1892:236, 242 [ref. 2858]. Appeared first with one species (andreae) questionably included; three species in 1892 [ref. 2858], with coccoi designated type on p. 232. •Synonym of Gonichthys Gistel, 1850 -- (Bolin 1959:16 [ref. 503], Krefft & Bekker 1973:182 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys Gistel, 1850. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Gonichthys barnesi Whitley, 1943 - Barne's lanternfish [=Gonichthys barnesi Whitley [G. P.], 1943:174, Fig. 6] Notes: [Australian Zoologist v. 10 (pt 2); ref. 4703] Cast up on Blinkenthorpe Beach, Lord Howe Island. Current status: Valid as Gonichthys barnesi Whitley, 1943. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal in subtropical convergence (including Mascarenes). Habitat: marine. Species Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829) - Cocco's lanternfish (author) [=Scopelus cocco Cocco [A.], 1829:143, Scopelus gracilis Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 255 [35], Fig. 13, Myctophum hians Richardson [J.], 1845:41, Pl. 27 (figs. 19-21), Scopelus jagorii Peters [W. (C. H.)], 1859:411, Alysia loricata Lowe [R. T.], 1839:87] Notes: [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Sicily, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic (including Mediterranean Sea) and eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (gracilis) [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] 5 localities in Atlantic and Indian oceans. Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (hians) [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] No locality. Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (jagorii) [Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preuss[ischen] Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1859; ref. 18542] 3 localities in Atlantic, 19.10°N, 25.22°W; 26.6°N, 24.7°W; 22.4°S, 23.50°W. Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae. Habitat: marine. (loricata) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Gonichthys cocco (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Gonichthys tenuiculus (Garman, 1899) - slendertail lanternfish [=Myctophum tenuiculum Garman [S.], 1899:262, Pl. J (fig. 5)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] San Mariato Point, Gulf of Panama, 6°21'N, 80°41'W, Albatross station 3382, surface. Current status: Valid as Gonichthys tenuiculus (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Gonichthys venetus Becker, 1964 - Becker's gonichthys (author) [=Gonichthys venetus Becker [V. E.], 1964:39, Fig. 14] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 8009] South Pacific, 27°40'S, 171°56'E, Vitiaz station 3845. Current status: Valid as Gonichthys venetus Becker, 1964. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Equitorial and southern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Hygophum Bolin, 1939 - lanternfishes [=Hygophum (subgenus of Myctophum) Bolin [R. L.], (ex Tåning) 1939:113] Notes: [ref. 508]. Neut. Scopelus hygomii Lütken, 1892. Type by original designation. Appeared first in Tåning 1932:133 [ref. 5031], but not available, after 1930 without designation of type species (Art. 13.3) or distinguishing characters. Can date to Bolin 1939 as above. •Valid as Hygophum Bolin, 1939 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:183 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:433 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:65 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:301 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:261 [ref. 12442], Wiley et al. 1998:423 [ref. 25588], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:946 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:520 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:282 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Hygophum Bolin, 1939. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Hygophum atratum (Garman, 1899) - thickhead lanternfish [=Myctophum atratum Garman [S.], 1899:268] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Northeastern Pacific, 25°26'15"N, 109°48'W, Albatross station 3433, depth 1218 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Hygophum atratum (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum benoiti (Cocco, 1838) - Benoit's lanternfish [=Scopelus benoiti Cocco [A.], 1838:172 [12], Pl. 6 (fig. 4)] Notes: [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno 1 Tomo 2 (fasc. 9); ref. 865] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Hygophum benoiti (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum bruuni Wisner, 1971 - Bruun's lanternfish (author) [=Hygophum bruuni Wisner [R. L.], 1971:41, Fig. 2] Notes: [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Eastern Pacific, 32°48'S, 72°02'W. Current status: Valid as Hygophum bruuni Wisner, 1971. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum hanseni (Taning, 1932) - Hansen's lanternfish [=Myctophum hanseni Tåning [A. V.], 1932:132, Fig. 4, Serpa peccatus Whitley [G. P.] & Phillipps [W. J.], 1939:228] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] East of New Zealand, 42°32'S, 174°50'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Hygophum hanseni (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (peccatus) [Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand v. 69 (no. 2); ref. 4737] Spirits Bay, North Cape, New Zealand. Current status: Synonym of Hygophum hanseni (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum hygomii (Lutken, 1892) - Bermuda lanternfish [=Scopelus hygomii Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 256, Fig. 15, Myctophum remiger Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:74, Pl. 22 (fig. 84)] Notes: [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] Northeastern Atlantic, 38°00'N, 22°20'W. Current status: Valid as Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal, but not central Pacific; Atlantic including Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (remiger) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf Stream, 40°34'18"N, 64°09'W, Albatross station 2573; plus other localitites. Current status: Synonym of Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum macrochir (Gunther, 1864) - largefinned lanternfish [=Scopelus macrochir Günther [A.], 1864:408] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 5; ref. 1974] No locality. Current status: Valid as Hygophum macrochir (Günther, 1864). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic, possibly Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum proximum Becker, 1965 - firefly lanternfish [=Hygophum proximum Becker [V. E.], 1965:81, Fig. 7] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 80; ref. 9199] Eastern-central Indian Ocean, 0°58'S, 82°58'E, Vitiaz station 4912, 125-140 meters over great depth. Current status: Valid as Hygophum proximum Becker, 1965. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum reinhardtii (Lutken, 1892) - Reinhardt's lanternfish [=Scopelus reinhardtii Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 257 [37], Fig. 18 (or 16?), Myctophum braueri Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:598, Pl. 70 (fig. 1)] Notes: [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] About 190 kilometers northwest of Madeira, eastern Atlantic, 34°22'N, 18°10'W. Current status: Valid as Hygophum reinhardtii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic; Pacific (including Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine. (braueri) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] South of Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 3980, surface tow. Current status: Synonym of Hygophum reinhardtii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hygophum taaningi Becker, 1965 - Taaning's hygophum (author) [=Hygophum taaningi Becker [V. E.], 1965:76, Fig. 5] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 80; ref. 9199] North Atlantic, 22°47'N, 63°40'W, depth 125-140 meters over great depth. Current status: Valid as Hygophum taaningi Becker, 1965. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Krefftichthys Hulley, 1981 - lanternfishes [=Krefftichthys Hulley [P. A.], 1981:9] Notes: [ref. 2276]. Masc. Myctophum anderssoni Lönnberg, 1905. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Krefftichthys Hulley, 1981 -- (Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:303 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1990:161 [ref. 21685], Miller 1993:515 [ref. 21297], Hulley 1998:75 [ref. 23872]). Current status: Valid as Krefftichthys Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Krefftichthys anderssoni (Lonnberg, 1905) - Andersson's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum anderssoni Lönnberg [E.], 1905:763] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 23); ref. 15369] South Atlantic, 48°54'S, 51°40'W, depth 2700 meters. Current status: Valid as Krefftichthys anderssoni (Lönnberg, 1905). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Loweina Fowler, 1925 - lanternfishes [=Loweina (subgenus of Rhinoscopelus) Fowler [H. W.], 1925:2] Notes: [ref. 1401]. Fem. Scopelus (Rhinoscopelus) rarus Lütken, 1892. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Loweina Fowler, 1925 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:192 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:470 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:311 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:265 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:947 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:525 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Valid as Loweina Fowler, 1925. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Loweina interrupta (Taning, 1928) - interrupta lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum interruptum Tåning [A. V.], 1928:56] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 37°40'N, 12°00'E. Current status: Valid as Loweina interrupta (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Loweina rara (Lutken, 1892) - Laura's lanternfish [=Scopelus (Rhinoscopelus) rarus Lütken [C. F.], 1892:246, Fig. 4, Myctophum rarum forma integer Brauer [A.], 1904:391, Loweina laurae Wisner [R. L.], 1971:45, Fig. 4] Notes: [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] Western central Atlantic, 20°00'N, 49°00'W. Current status: Valid as Loweina rara (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (integer) [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Three Atlantic Valdivia stations. Current status: Synonym of Loweina rara (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (laurae) [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Eastern Pacific, 21°32'N, 123°00'W, surface. Current status: Synonym of Loweina rara (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Loweina terminata Becker, 1964 - terminata lanternfish (author) [=Loweina terminata Becker [V. E.], 1964:18, Fig. 2] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 73; ref. 8009] Central Northern Pacific, 37°59'N, 172°56'E, Vitiaz station 4084, surface. Current status: Valid as Loweina terminata Becker, 1964. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Pacific: North Pacific transition zone (and central gyre?), including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Metelectrona Wisner, 1963 - lanternfishes [=Metelectrona Wisner [R. L.], 1963:24] Notes: [ref. 4759]. Fem. Metelectrona ahlstromi Wisner, 1963. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Electrona Goode & Bean, 1896, but a valid subgenus Metelectrona -- (Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440]). •Valid as Metelectrona Wisner, 1963 -- (Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:312 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:266 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:166 [ref. 21685], Hulley 1998:75 [ref. 23872], Paxton et al. 2006:525 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:271 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Metelectrona Wisner, 1963. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Metelectrona ahlstromi Wisner, 1963 - Wisner's metelectrona (author) [=Metelectrona ahlstromi Wisner [R. L.], 1963:25, Fig. 1] Notes: [Copeia 1963 (no. 1); ref. 4759] About 400 miles southeast of New Zealand, 46°53'S, 179°48'W, depth surface to 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Metelectrona ahlstromi Wisner, 1963. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Metelectrona herwigi Hulley, 1981 - Herwig's lanternfish [=Metelectrona herwigi Hulley [P. A.], 1981:50, Fig. 25a] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwestern Atlantic, 40°35'S, 9°57'W, Walther Herwig station 399-I/71, depth 98 meters. Current status: Valid as Metelectrona herwigi Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Metelectrona ventralis (Becker, 1963) - flaccid lanternfish [=Electrona ventralis Becker [V. E.], 1963:26, Fig. 5] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 4155] South Atlanitc, 42°20'S, 39°07'W, depth 364-426 meters. Current status: Valid as Metelectrona ventralis (Becker, 1963). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 - lanternfishes [=Myctophum Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:35, 56, Scopelus Cuvier [G.], 1816:169, Stylophthalmoides Mazzarelli [G.], 1912:4] Notes: [ref. 3595]. Neut. Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:171 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:472 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:66 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:312 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:266 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:947 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:525 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:289 [ref. 30633], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:120 [ref. 31212], Klepadlo et al. 2014:106 [ref. 33349]). Current status: Valid as Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Scopelus) [ref. 993]. Masc. Gasteropelecus humboldti Risso, 1810. Type by subsequent designation. Possibly based on a misidentified type species. Type evidently first designated by Goode & Bean 1896:70 [ref. 1848] as humboldti of Risso = Myctophum punctatus Rafinesque, 1810. Whitley 1953 [ref. 4718] says type is M. humboldti of Waite 1911 but not of Risso. •Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:171 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Stylophthalmoides) [ref. 12985]. Masc. Stylophthalmus lobiancoi Mazzarelli, 1909. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Tåning 1932 [ref. 5031], according to Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440]. Also appeared in Sanzo 1915 [ref. 12984]. [Original description and reference not examined, taken from Paxton 1979.] •Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810 -- (Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Myctophum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Myctophum affine (Lutken, 1892) - metallic lanternfish [=Scopelus affinis Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 252 [32], Fig. 10] Notes: [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] 8°44'N, 21°00'W. Current status: Valid as Myctophum affine (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman, 1899 - golden lanternfish [=Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman [S.], 1899:264, Pl. 55 (fig. 3), Myctophum aurolaternatum gracilior Fowler [H. W.], 1944:355, 372, Fig. 88] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Malpelo-Culpepper Islands, eastern Pacific, 6°21'N, 80°41'W, Albatross station 3382, surface. Current status: Valid as Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman, 1899. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and California (U.S.A.) to Peru, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine. (gracilior) [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 6; ref. 1448] 250 miles southwest of Acapulco, Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman, 1899. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum fissunovi Becker & Borodulina, 1971 - Fissunov's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum fissunovi Becker [V. E.] & Borodulina [O. D.], 1971:420 [330], Fig. 2] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 11 (no. 3); ref. 484] Western Indian Ocean, 6°58'S, 39°37'E, Vitiaz station 4681, surface. Current status: Valid as Myctophum fissunovi Becker & Borodulina, 1971. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: East Africa, Mauritius (Mascarenes). Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum lunatum Becker & Borodulina, 1978 - lunatum lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum lunatum Becker [V. E.] & Borodulina [O. D.], 1978:110, Fig. 1] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8958] Northern Indian Ocean, 7°26'S, 124°13'E, surface. Current status: Valid as Myctophum lunatum Becker & Borodulina, 1978. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1899 - pearly lanternfish [=Myctophum nitidulum Garman [S.], 1899:266, Pl. 56 (fig. 3), Myctophum margaritatum Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:596, Pl. 68 (fig. 2), Rhinoscopelus oceanicus Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1903:168] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Northeast of Hawaiian Islands, 27°50'N, 145°45'30"W, surface. Current status: Valid as Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1899. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (margaritatum) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off southern coast of Molokai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 3830, from the surface. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1899. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (oceanicus) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 (1902); ref. 2450] 10°57'N, 137°35'W, Pacific, southeast of Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1899. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum ovcharovi Tsarin, 1993 - Ovcharov's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum ovcharovi Tsarin [S. A.], 1993:21, Fig. 1] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 33 (no. 1); ref. 20789] Indian Ocean, 8°03'N, 54°58'E, depth 75 meters. Current status: Valid as Myctophum ovcharovi Tsarin, 1993. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810 - spotted lanternfish [=Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:35, 56, Pl. 2 (fig. 5), Scopelus caninianus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850:445, Scopelus heideri Steindachner [F.], 1881:99, Gasteropelecus humboldti Risso [A.], 1810:xxxvi, 358, Pl. 10 (fig. 38), Stylophthalmus lobiancoi Mazzarelli [G.], 1909:187] Notes: [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Atlantic to the Arctic region and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (caninianus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (heideri) [Anzeiger der Akademy der Wissenschften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschftliche Classe v. 18 (no. 11); ref. 20484] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (humboldti) [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. (lobiancoi) [Rivista Mensile di Pesca e Idrobiologia (Pavia) Anno 11 (no. 9-12); ref. 17617] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Protomyctophum (subgenus of Electrona) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1045, Hierops (subgenus of Electrona) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1046] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Neut. Myctophum tenisoni Norman, 1930. Type by original designation. •Valid as Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:196 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:17 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:479 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:65 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:316 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:268 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:169 [ref. 21685], Miller 1993:517 [ref. 21297], Hulley 1998:75 [ref. 23872], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:246 [ref. 25968], Hartel & Craddock 2003:946 [ref. 27005], Prokofiev 2005:67 [ref. 28609] with subgenera, Paxton et al. 2006:528 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:292 [ref. 30633], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:120 [ref. 31212]). Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. (Hierops) [ref. 1496]. Masc. Scopelus arcticus Lütken, 1892. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:196 [ref. 7181]). •Synonym of Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949, but a valid subgenus Hierops as described -- (Paxton 1979:17 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:479 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Hulley 1986:316 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1990:169 [ref. 21685], Hulley 1998:75 [ref. 23872], Prokofiev 2005:67 [ref. 28609]). Current status: Synonym of Protomyctophum Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Protomyctophum andriashevi Becker, 1963 - Becker's protomyctophum (author) [=Protomyctophum andriashevi Becker [V. E.], 1963:19, Fig. 2] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 4155] South Atlantic, 42°16'S, 39°00'W, depth 312-332 [or 228-234] meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum andriashevi Becker, 1963. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum arcticum (Lutken, 1892) - arctic telescope [=Acopelus arcticus Lütken [C. F.], 1892:207] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, Aaret 1891; ref. 13407] Davis Strait, Greenland. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum arcticum (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum beckeri Wisner, 1971 - Wisner's Central Pacific lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Hierops) beckeri Wisner [R. L.], 1971:39] Notes: [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Central Pacific [southeast of Hawai'i Island, Hawaiian Islands], 17°09'N, 153°57.2'W, depth 0-2100 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum beckeri Wisner, 1971. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands to Line Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum bolini (Fraser-Brunner, 1949) - Polar lanternfish (author) [=Electrona (Protomyctophum) bolini Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1045, 1099, Fig. on p. 1045, Fig. 12] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 118 (pt 4); ref. 1496] South Atlantic, 45°17.9'S, 18°57.7'E, depth 500 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum bolini (Fraser-Brunner, 1949). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumpolar. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum chilense Wisner, 1971 - Chilean lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Hierops) chilensis Wisner [R. L.], 1971:39, Fig. 1] Notes: [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Southeastern Pacific off Chile, 33°07'S, 73°09'W, depth 0-400 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum chilense Wisner, 1971. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum choriodon Hulley, 1981 - choriodon lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Protomyctophum) choriodon Hulley [P. A.], 1981:20, Fig. 10a] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwestern Atlantic, 35°47'S, 52°52'W, Walther Herwig station 417/66, depth 270 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum choriodon Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum crockeri (Bolin, 1939) - California flashlightfish [=Electrona crockeri Bolin [R. L.], 1939:98, Fig. 4] Notes: [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 508] Outer Santa Barbara Passage, California, U.S.A., 33°11'00"N, 119°21'30"W, 800 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum crockeri (Bolin, 1939). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Protomyctophum gemmatum Hulley, 1981 - gemmatum lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Protomyctophum) gemmatum Hulley [P. A.], 1981:23, Fig. 13c] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwest Atlantic, 40°18'S, 35°07'W, Walther Herwig station 367/71, depth about 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum gemmatum Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum kolaevi Prokofiev, 2005 - Balleny lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Protomyctophum) kolaevi Prokofiev [A. M.], 2005:71, Fig. 3] Notes: [Beaufortia v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 28609] Off Belleny Islands, 66°06'S, 161°38"E, depth 540-500 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum kolaevi Prokofiev, 2005. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Balleny Islands, Southern Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum luciferum Hulley, 1981 - luciferum lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Protomyctophum) luciferum Hulley [P. A.], 1981:27, Fig. 13b] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwestern Atlantic, 34°01'S, 47°39'W, Walther Herwig station 28-II/68, depth about 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum luciferum Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum mcginnisi Prokofiev, 2005 - McGinnis' lanternfish (author) [=Protomyctophum (Protomyctophum) mcginnisi Prokofiev [A. M.], 2005:68, Fig. 2] Notes: [Beaufortia v. 54 (no. 4); ref. 28609] Off South Shetland Is, about 60-65°S, 60-65°W. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum mcginnisi Prokofiev, 2005. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: South Shetland Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum normani (Taning, 1932) - Norman's lanternfish [=Myctophum normani Tåning [A. V.], 1932:127, Fig. 2] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] East of New Zealand, 41°47'S, 176°55'E,

depth about 100 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum normani (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum parallelum (Lonnberg, 1905) - parallel lanternfish [=Myctophum parallelum Lönnberg [E.], 1905:764] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 23); ref. 15369] South Atlantic, 48°27'S, 42°36'W [or 44°36'W], open net to depth of 2500 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum parallelum (Lönnberg, 1905). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum subparallelum (Taning, 1932) - subparallel lanternfish [=Myctophum arcticum subparallelum Tåning [A. V.], 1932:128] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Cook Strait, New Zealand, 41°47'S, 176°55'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum subparallelum (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum tenisoni (Norman, 1930) - Tenison's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum tenisoni Norman [J. R.], 1930:321, Fig. 27] Notes: [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] South Atlantic, 46°25'S, 15°13'E, depth 96 meters. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum tenisoni (Norman, 1930). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Protomyctophum thompsoni (Chapman, 1944) - bigeye lanternfish [=Electrona thompsoni Chapman [W. M.], 1944:54, Myctophum oculeum Chapman [W. M.], 1939:524, Fig. 65] Notes: [Copeia 1944 (no. 1); ref. 17988] Northeastern Pacific off Simeonof Island, Alaska Peninsula, U.S.A., 54°15'N, 158°23'W. Current status: Valid as Protomyctophum thompsoni (Chapman, 1944). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (oculeum) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3062); ref. 817] Northeastern Pacific off Simeonof Island, Alaska Peninsula, U.S.A., 54°15'N, 158°23'W. Current status: Synonym of Protomyctophum thompsoni (Chapman, 1944). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Symbolophorus Bolin & Wisner, in Bolin, 1959 - lanternfishes [=Symbolophorus Bolin [R. L.] & Wisner [R. L.], in Bolin, 1959:11] Notes: [ref. 503]. Masc. Myctophum californiense Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889. Type by original designation. •Valid as Symbolophorus Bolin & Wisner, 1959 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:197 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:17 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:480 [ref. 13675], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:67 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:319 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:269 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:177 [ref. 21685], Gomon et al. 1994:279 [ref. 22532], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1959 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:947 [ref. 27005], Gago & Ricord 2005:138 [ref. 28096], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:529 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:293 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus Bolin & Wisner, 1959. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Symbolophorus barnardi (Taning, 1932) - Barnard's lanternfish [=Myctophum humboldti barnardi Tåning [A. V.], 1932:128, Scopelus hookeri Whitley [G. P.], 1953:134] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Cape Point, South Africa, northeast 1/2 east, 36 miles surface. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus barnardi (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (hookeri) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 4718] Australasian seas. Current status: Synonym of Symbolophorus barnardi (Tåning, 1932). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus boops (Richardson, 1845) - Bogue lanternfish [=Myctophum boops Richardson [J.], 1845:39, Pl. 27 (figs. 6-12)] Notes: [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Between Australia and New Zealand [probably in in error for eastern South Atlantic]. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus boops (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus californiensis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) - bigfin lanternfish [=Myctophum californiense Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1889:124 [1]] Notes: [West American Scientist v. 6 (no. 48); ref. 1251] Cortez Banks, off San Diego, California, U.S.A., depth 45 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus californiensis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Kuroshio, transition zone, and California Current, including Hancock Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus evermanni (Gilbert, 1905) - Evermann's lanternfish [=Myctophum evermanni Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:597, Pl. 70 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Off Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 21°23'N, 158°19'W, Albatross station 3980, surface tow. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus evermanni (Gilbert, 1905). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: South Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and Baja California (Mexico) to northern Chile, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus kreffti Hulley, 1981 - Krefft's symbolophorus (author) [=Symbolophorus kreffti Hulley [P. A.], 1981:98, Figs. 47a.] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Northwestern Atlantic, 11°04'N, 26°01'W, depth 140-150 meters. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus kreffti Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus reversus Gago & Ricord, 2005 - reverse gland lanternfish [=Symbolophorus reversus Gago [F. J.] & Ricord [R. C.], 2005:139, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Copeia 2005 (no. 1); ref. 28096] Eastern Pacific, 11°57.5'S, 85°00.0'W, at surface at night. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus reversus Gago & Ricord, 2005. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Central and eastern Pacific: Hawaiian Islands east to eastern Pacific from 20°N to 20°S. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus rufinus (Taning, 1928) - rufinus lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum rufinum Tåning [A. V.], 1928:54] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 15°50'N, 26°32'W, surface. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus rufinus (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including Mascarenes), but except the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Symbolophorus veranyi (Moreau, 1888) - largescale lanternfish [=Scopelus veranyi Moreau [É.], 1888:108, Stylophthalmus mediterraneus Mazzarelli [G.], 1909:187] Notes: [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 12; ref. 17793] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Symbolophorus veranyi (Moreau, 1888). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (mediterraneus) [Rivista Mensile di Pesca e Idrobiologia (Pavia) Anno 11 (no. 9-12); ref. 17617] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Symbolophorus veranyi (Moreau, 1888). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Tarletonbeania Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 - lanternfishes [=Tarletonbeania Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1890:6] Notes: [ref. 1256]. Fem. Tarletonbeania tenua Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Second species questionably referred to genus. •Valid as Tarletonbeania Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Paxton 1979:18 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:67 [ref. 6441], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:247 [ref. 25968]). Current status: Valid as Tarletonbeania Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Tarletonbeania crenularis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) - blue lanternfish [=Myctophum crenulare Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1880:274, Myctophum procellarum Bean [T. H.], in Jordan & Gilbert, 1881:457] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 146); ref. 10599] Santa Barbara Channel, California, U.S.A. (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Tarletonbeania crenularis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific and Bering Sea. Habitat: marine. (procellarum) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 173) [v. for 1880]; ref. 12598] Off Straits of Juan da Fuca. Current status: Synonym of Tarletonbeania crenularis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880). Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Species Tarletonbeania taylori Mead, 1953 - Taylor's tarletonbeania (author) [=Tarletonbeania taylori Mead [G. W.], 1953:105, Fig. 1] Notes: [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 38 (pt 2, no. 7); ref. 12703] 44 miles east of Ohakozaki, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, 39°21'N, 142°56'E. Current status: Valid as Tarletonbeania taylori Mead, 1953. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Tarletonbeania tenua Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 - tenua lanternfish (author) [=Tarletonbeania tenua Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1890:7] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 3; ref. 1256] Near Coronado Islands. near San Diego, California, U.S.A. (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Tarletonbeania tenua Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

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SUBFAMILY Lampanyctinae Paxton, 1972 - toothy lampfishes Notes: Lampanyctinae Paxton, 1972:45 [ref. 3394] (subfamily) Lampanyctus [also as tribe Lampanyctini]

GENUS Bolinichthys Paxton, 1972 - lanternfishes [=Bolinichthys Paxton [J. R.], 1972:46] Notes: [ref. 3394]. Masc. Myctophum (Lampanyctus) longipes Brauer, 1906. Type by original designation. •Valid as Bolinichthys Paxton, 1972 -- (Paxton 1979:6 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:434 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:68 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:286 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:254 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:510 [ref. 28994], Hulley & Duhamel 2010:259, 265 [ref. 30745]). Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys Paxton, 1972. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae Species Bolinichthys distofax Johnson, 1975 - distofax lanternfish (author) [=Bolinichthys distofax Johnson [R. K.], 1975:54, Fig. 1A, D] Notes: [Copeia 1975 (no. 1); ref. 7430] Mauna Loa lava flow, Kona, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys distofax Johnson, 1975. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: South Atlantic; Central and North Pacific: Philippines to southern Japan; Santa Cruz Islands (Solomon Islands); Hawaiian Islands; Australia; probably more widespread [not in the Indian Ocean]. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys indicus (Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969) - lanternfish [=Lepidophanes indicus Nafpaktitis [B. G.] & Nafpaktitis [M.], 1969:61, Figs. 74-75] Notes: [Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History No. 5; ref. 19272] Indian Ocean, 22°34'S, 64°55'E, depth 350-855 meters. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys indicus (Nafpaktitis & Nafpaktitis, 1969). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys longipes (Brauer, 1906) - popeye lampfish [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) longipes Brauer [A.], 1906:236, Fig. 155, Lampanyctus fraserbrunneri Bolin [R. L.], 1946:150, Fig. 5, Macrostoma grayi Fowler [H. W.], 1938:190, Pl. 7 (fig. 15), Lampanyctus joubini Angel [F.] & Verrier [M. L.], 1931:127, Fig. 3] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Madeira; Gulf of Guinea; south and north of Cocos Islands; Bengal Bay; south of Sri Lanka; Chagos Archipelago; Seychelles. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys longipes (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Warmwater areas of the Indo-Pacific: Indian Ocean off South Africa east to Japan and south to Australia, to the Hawaiian Islands, western Pacific to the eastern Pacific from off California to off Argentina/Chile. Habitat: marine. (fraserbrunneri) [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 509] About 200 miles off Cape Cormorin, India, 5°56'N, 76°22'E, Investigator station 670, depth 200 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Bolinichthys longipes (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (grayi) [Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia No. 2; ref. 1428] 40 miles south of Kiritimati [formerly Christmas Island], Line Islands, at surface. Current status: Synonym of Bolinichthys longipes (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (joubini) [Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique Monaco (New Series) v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 15919] North of New Guinea, 1°16'S, 138°55'E, depth 2900 meters. Current status: Synonym of Bolinichthys longipes (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys nikolayi Becker, 1978 - Nikolay's lanternfish [=Bolinichthys nikolayi Becker [V. E.], 1978:260, Fig. 1] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 111; ref. 8959] Southwestern Pacific, 19°39'S, 175°10'E, depth 1760 meters. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys nikolayi Becker, 1978. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Western and central South Pacific: eastern Australia to the central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr, 1928) - spurcheek lanternfish [=Lampanyctus photothorax Parr [A. E.], 1928:95, Fig. 13, Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, western North Atlantic, 23°55'N, 77°09'W, 4000-7000 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr, 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in all tropical and subtropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands); not in the central western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys pyrsobolus (Alcock, 1890) - fiery lanternfish [=Scopelus pyrsobolus Alcock [A. W.], 1890:218, Pl. 8 (fig. 3), Serpa blacki Fowler [H. W.], 1934:284, Fig. 44, Bolinichthys nanshanensis Yang [J.-J.] & Huang [Z.-Y.], 1992:78 [English p. 81], Fig. 1] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 6 (no. 33) (art. 26); ref. 82] Off Madras coast, India, 15°38'N, 82°30'E, Investigator station 102, depth 920-690 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys pyrsobolus (Alcock, 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Indian Ocean to Japan, south to Australia to central Pacific and South Pacific. Habitat: marine. (blacki) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Iligan Bay, Mindanao, Philippines, depth 425 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Bolinichthys pyrsobolus (Alcock, 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (nanshanensis) [Tropic Oceanology v. 11 (no. 2); ref. 22072] Nansha Island, South China Sea, 6°20'N, 114°05'E, depth 0-875 meters. Current status: Synonym of Bolinichthys pyrsobolus (Alcock, 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Western Pacific [if valid]. Habitat: marine.

Species Bolinichthys supralateralis (Parr, 1928) - stubby lanternfish [=Lampanyctus supralateralis Parr [A. E.], 1928:81, 94, Fig. 12] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Off Great Exuma, Bahamas, western Atlantic, 23°42'N, 76°43'W, 7000 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Bolinichthys supralateralis (Parr, 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas, but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Ceratoscopelus Gunther, 1864 - lanternfishes [=Ceratoscopelus (subgenus of Scopelus) Günther [A.], 1864:405, 412] Notes: [ref. 1974]. Masc. Scopelus maderensis Lowe, 1839. Type by monotypy. Described in key (p. 405) as subgenus of Scopelus with single corresponding species on p. 412. •Valid as Ceratoscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:174 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:437 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:69 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:287 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:256 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:147 [ref. 21685], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:512 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:272 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Ceratoscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Ceratoscopelus maderensis (Lowe, 1839) - Madeira lanternfish [=Scopelus maderensis Lowe [R. T.], 1839:87, Scopelus acanthurus Facciolà [L.], 1882:166, Scopelus doderleini Facciolà [L.], 1882:193, Pl. 10 (figs. 1-4)] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1839 (pt 7); ref. 2829] Off Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Ceratoscopelus maderensis (Lowe, 1839). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (acanthurus) [Naturalista Siciliano [Il Naturalista Siciliano, Giornale di scienze naturali] v. 1 (no. 7); ref. 1291] Straits of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Ceratoscopelus maderensis (Lowe, 1839). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (doderleini) [Naturalista Siciliano [Il Naturalista Siciliano, Giornale di scienze naturali] v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 17475] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Ceratoscopelus maderensis (Lowe, 1839). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Ceratoscopelus townsendi (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) - dogtooth lampfish [=Myctophum townsendi Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1889:125 [2]] Notes: [West American Scientist v. 6 (no. 48); ref. 1251] Cortez Banks, off San Diego, California, U.S.A., depth 45 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Ceratoscopelus townsendi (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through cold temperate seas, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Ceratoscopelus warmingii (Lutken, 1892) - Warming's lanternfish [=Scopelus (Nyctophus) warmingii Lütken [C. F.], 1892:(237) 259 [39], Fig. 19, Lampanyctus polyphotis Beebe [W.], 1932:67, Fig. 14] Notes: [v. 7 (no. 6); ref. 2858] Southwest of Azores, northeastern Atlantic, 32°06'N, 39°28'W. Current status: Valid as Ceratoscopelus warmingii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas, except not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (polyphotis) [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 5 miles south of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 900 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Ceratoscopelus warmingii (Lütken, 1892). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Lampadena Goode & Bean, in Gill, 1893 - lanternfishes [=Lampadena Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], in Gill, 1893:113, Dorsadena Coleman [L. R.] & Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1972:1, Lychnophora (subgenus of Lampadena) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1080] Notes: [ref. 1736]. Fem. Lampadena speculigera Goode & Bean, 1896. Type by subsequent monotypy. Lampeda is a misspelling. •Valid as Lampadena Goode & Bean, 1893 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:184 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:12 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:456 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:68 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:303 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:263 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1960 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:948 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:521 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:284 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Lampadena Goode & Bean, 1893. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Dorsadena) [ref. 883]. Fem. Dorsadena yaquinae Coleman & Nafpaktitis, 1972. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Lampadena Goode & Bean, in Gill, 1893, but a valid subgenus Dorsadena -- (Paxton 1979:12 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lampadena Goode & Bean, 1893. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Lychnophora) [ref. 1496]. Fem. Lampadena luminosa nitida Tåning, 1928. Type by original designation. The type species is nitida, not luminosa. •Synonym of Lampadena Goode & Bean, 1893, but a valid subgenus Lychnophora as described -- (Paxton 1979:12 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lampadena Goode & Bean, 1893. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Lampadena anomala Parr, 1928 - anomala lanternfish (author) [=Lampadena anomala Parr [A. E.], 1928:150, Fig. 35] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Near Bermuda, western North Atlantic, 32°24'N, 64°29'W, depth 10000 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Lampadena anomala Parr, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena atlantica Maul, 1969 - Maul's lampadena (author) [=Lampadena urophaos atlantica Maul [G. E.], 1969:2, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Bocagiana. Museu Municipal do Funchal (História Natural) No. 22; ref. 7830] Caught on longline off Câmara de Lobos, Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Lampadena atlantica Maul, 1969. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena chavesi Collett, 1905 - Chaves' lanternfish [=Lampadena chavesi Collett [R.], 1905:728] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (nos 21/22); ref. 15351] Azores, northeastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Lampadena chavesi Collett, 1905. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean and southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - dea lanternfish (author) [=Lampadena (Lampadena) dea Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1101, Pl. 1 (upper)] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 118 (pt 4); ref. 1496] South Atlantic, 48°26.75'S, 22°10'W to 48°26.5'S, 22°06.5'W, Discovery station 395, depth 1500-1600 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampadena dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine. Species Lampadena luminosa (Garman, 1899) - luminous lanternfish [=Myctophum luminosum Garman [S.], 1899:263, Pl. 55 (fig. 2), Lampadena luminosa nitida Tåning [A. V.], 1928:62] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Near Galápagos Islands [eastern Pacific], 0°57'30"S, 89°03'30"W, Albatross station 3402, depth 421 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampadena luminosa (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (nitida) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 17°43'N, 64°56'W, depth about 250 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampadena luminosa (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis & Paxton, 1968 - notal lanternfish [=Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis [B. G.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1968:13, Fig. 5] Notes: [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 138; ref. 7906] South Pacific, 42°00'-08'S, 160°11'-05'E, depth 0-800 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis & Paxton, 1968. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal, but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena pontifex Krefft, 1970 - pontifex lanternfish (author) [=Lampadena pontifex Krefft [G.], 1970:277, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Kommission fuer Meeresforschung v. 21 (no. 1-4); ref. 7756] Between Cape Verde Islands and Senegal coast, 14°31'N, 17°39'W, depth 400-0 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampadena pontifex Krefft, 1970. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena speculigera Goode & Bean, 1896 - mirror lanternfish [=Lampadena speculigera Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:85, Pl. 26 (fig. 99), Lampadena braueri Zugmayer [E.], 1914:2] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] North Atlantic, 39°48'N, 70°36'W, depth 551 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampadena speculigera Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (braueri) [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 288; ref. 4848] Eastern Atlantic, 40°15'N, 56°25'W, station 3414, depth 0-4000 meters; southeast of Halifax, station 3447, depth 0-1100 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampadena speculigera Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena urophaos Paxton, 1963 - sunbeam lanternfish [=Lampadena urophaos Paxton [J. R.], 1963:29, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Copeia 1963 (no. 1); ref. 5134] 5.7 miles north of Ship Rock, Santa Catalina Island, southern California, U.S.A., 33°32'N, 118°25'W, about 700 meters over 850 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampadena urophaos Paxton, 1963. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Pacific: Taiwan to Kuril Islands east to Hawaiian Islands, Baja California (Mexico), and off Colombia; eastern Australia, New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampadena yaquinae (Coleman & Nafpaktitis, 1972) - Yaquin's lanternfish (author) [=Dorsadena yaquinae Coleman [L. R.] & Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1972:2, Figs. 1-4] Notes: [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 225; ref. 883] North Pacific, between 45°05'N, 138°33'W and 44°44'N, 138°32'W, depth 0-2700 meters, wire out 8000 meters, bottom depth about 4207 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampadena yaquinae (Coleman & Nafpaktitis, 1972). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. GENUS Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 - lanternfishes [=Lampanyctus Bonaparte [C. L.], 1840:fasc. 27, Nannobrachium Günther [A.], 1887:199, Nyctimaster Jordan [D. S.], 1921:645, Paralampanyctus Kotthaus [A.], 1972:13, Promacheon Weber [M.], 1913:84, Serpe Cloquet [H.], 1829:373] Notes: [ref. 514]. Masc. Nyctophus (sic) bonapartii Cocco, 1838. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:186 [ref. 7181], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:459 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:69 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:305 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:263 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:162 [ref. 21685], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:247 [ref. 25968], Hartel & Craddock 2003:948 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:522 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:286 [ref. 30633], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:120 [ref. 31212]). Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Nannobrachium) [ref. 2013]. Neut. Nannobrachium nigrum Günther, 1887. Type by monotypy. Misspellings include Nanobrachium, Nannobranchium and Nannabrachium •Valid as Nannobrachium Günther, 1887 -- (Zahuranec 2000:4 [ref. 24618], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:247 [ref. 25968], Hartel & Craddock 2003:948 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:527 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:290 [ref. 30633], Parin et al. 2014:159 [ref. 33547], Robertson & Clements 2015:666 [ref. 34257], Pietsch & Orr 2015:24 [ref. 34694]). •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 -- (Bolin 1959:26 [ref. 503], Krefft & Bekker 1973:186 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Nyctimaster) [ref. 2419]. Masc. Lampanyctus jordani Gilbert, 1913. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 -- (Bolin 1959:26 [ref. 503], Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Paralampanyctus) [ref. 2671]. Masc. Nannobrachium nigrum Günther, 1887. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Nannobrachium Günther, 1887 -- (Zahuranec 2000:4 [ref. 24618], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 -- (Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Promacheon) [ref. 4602]. Masc. Promacheon sibogae Weber, 1913. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840 -- (Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. (Serpe) [ref. 853]. Masc. Serpa crocodilus of Cloquet 1827 (= Gasteropelecus crocodilus Risso, 1810). Type by subsequent designation. Genus credited to Whitley 1933 by authors. Not available from Cloquet; regarded as a vernacular name only. Name subsequently latinzed as Serpa by Whitley 133:64 [ref. 4677]. Type established by Whitley 1933:64 [ref. 4677]. •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840, with authorship of Serpa credited to Whitley 1933 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:186 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Lampanyctus acanthurus Wisner, 1974 - spinytail lampfish [=Lampanyctus acanthurus Wisner [R. L.], 1974:17, Fig. 8] Notes: [Occasional Papers California Academy of Sciences No. 110; ref. 7549] North Pacific, 27°25'N, 155°32'W, from surface to depth of about 560 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus acanthurus Wisner, 1974. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus achirus Andriashev, 1962 - Antarctic lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus achirus Andriashev [A. P.], 1962:256, Fig. 27] Notes: [Issledovanija fauny morej = Explorations of the fauna of the seas, Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Zoologiceskij Institut v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 9192] Pacific Antarctica, 64°36'S, 108°52'W, 1000 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus achirus Andriashev, 1962. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus alatus Goode & Bean, 1896 - winged lanternfish [=Lampanyctus alatus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:79, Pl. 24 (fig. 92), Lampanyctus pseudoalatus Tåning [A. V.] 1918:108 (footnote), Fig. 42, Lampanyctus punctatissimus Gilbert [C. H.] 1913:103] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf of Mexico off Florida, 28°43'N, 87°14'30"W, Albatross station 2393, depth 525 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus alatus Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, except not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (pseudoalatus) [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 (Biol.) (A. 7); ref. 12242] North of Cape Verde Islands, eastern Atlantic, 20°00'N, 21°55'W, depth about 75 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus alatus Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (punctatissimus) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Suruga Bay, Japan, 35°02'10"N, 138°38'00"E, Albatross station 5064, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus alatus Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus ater Taning, 1928 - Dana Station lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus ater Tåning [A. V.], 1928:68] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 30°17'N, 20°44'W, Dana station 1152 I, 7000 meters of wire out (depth ca. 3500 meters). Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus ater Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus australis Taning, 1932 - Southern lanternfish [=Lampanyctus alatus australis Tåning [A. V.], 1932:145] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Off New Zealand, 41°47'S, 176°55'E, about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus australis Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus bensoni (Fowler, 1934) - Benson's lanternfish (author) [=Serpa bensoni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:286, Fig. 46] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Suruga Gulf, Japan, Albatross station D.5058, 35°02'25"N, 138°46'55"E, depth 575 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus bensoni (Fowler, 1934). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus bristori (Zahuranec, 2000) - Bristor's lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium bristori Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:30, Fig. 14] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Northern central Pacific, 27°26.6'N, 155°24.6'W. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus bristori (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Marianas and Japan east to California (U.S.A.) and Baja California (Mexico), including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810) - jewel lanternfish [=Gasteropelecus crocodilus Risso [A.], 1810:357, Nyctophus bonapartii Cocco [A.], 1838:189 [29], Pl. 7 (fig. 10), Lampanyctus peculiaris Borodin [N. A.], 1929:111] Notes: [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (bonapartii) [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno 1 Tomo 2 (fasc. 9); ref. 865] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (peculiaris) [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 10; ref. 15886] North Atlantic, 47°40'N, 37°20'W, depth 600-0 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus crocodilus (Risso, 1810). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. Species Lampanyctus crypticus (Zahuranec, 2000) - cryptic lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium crypticum Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:44, Fig. 23] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Equatorial Pacific, 3°30'N, 145°00'W. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus crypticus (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus cuprarius Taning, 1928 - Atlantic lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus cuprarius Tåning [A. V.], 1928:68] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 24°30'N, 80°00'W, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus cuprarius Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus fernae Wisner, 1971 - Eastern lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus fernae Wisner [R. L.], 1971:50, Fig. 6] Notes: [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Eastern Pacific, 41°02.2'N, 155°13.3'W, depth 0-750 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus fernae Wisner, 1971. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus festivus Taning, 1928 - festive lanternfish [=Lampanyctus festivus Tåning [A. V.], 1928:67, Lampanyctus septilucis Beebe [W.], 1932:68, Fig. 15] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 35°44'N, 29°33'W, about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus festivus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Probably circumglobal, except eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (septilucis) [Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 16099] 7 miles south-southwest of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda, depth 700 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus festivus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus gemmifer Goode & Bean, 1896 - gemmifer lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus gemmifer Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:80, Pl. 23 (fig. 88)] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] West of New Jersey, U.S.A., 39°39'45"N, 71°35'15"W, Albatross station 2201, depth 538 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus gemmifer Goode & Bean, 1896. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus gibbsi (Zahuranec, 2000) - Gibbs' lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium gibbsi Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:20, Fig. 7] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Pacific, 14°01'S, 147°51'W, Dana station 3570. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus gibbsi (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus hawaiiensis (Zahuranec, 2000) - Hawaiian lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium hawaiiensis Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:40, Fig. 21] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Northern central Pacific, 27°24.5'N, 155°25.5'W to 27°24.9'N, 155°13.7'W. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus hawaiiensis (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Philippines and southern Japan, Hawaiian Islands east to southern California (U.S.A.), southy to Line Islands (Kiribati). Habitat: marine. Species Lampanyctus hubbsi Wisner, 1963 - Wisner's lampanyctus (author) [=Lampanyctus hubbsi Wisner [R. L.], 1963:16, Fig. 1] Notes: [Copeia 1963 (no. 1); ref. 5739] Eastern central Pacific, 2°31'S, 137°04'W, surface to 2500 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus hubbsi Wisner, 1963. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus idostigma Parr, 1931 - Guerrero lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus idostigma Parr [A. E.], 1931:32, Fig. 13] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Off Guerrero, Mexico, eastern Pacific, 16°14'00"N, 99°36'30"W, 3750 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus idostigma Parr, 1931. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus indicus (Zahuranec, 2000) - Indian Ocean lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium indicus Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:21, Fig. 8] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Indian Ocean, 6°52'N, 79°30'E, Dana station 3912. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus indicus (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus intricarius Taning, 1928 - diamondcheek lanternfish [=Lampanyctus intricarius Tåning [A. V.], 1928:67, Figs. 1-2, Serpa conspicua Whitley [G. P.], 1936:160, Fig.] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 38°10'N, 9°20'W, depth about 100 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus intricarius Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (conspicua) [Australian Zoologist v. 8 (pt 3); ref. 13756] Off Kaikoura, New Zealand, depth 80 fathoms (stomach content). Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus intricarius Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus isaacsi Wisner, 1974 - Isaac's lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus isaacsi Wisner [R. L.], 1974:14, Figs. 6-7] Notes: [Occasional Papers California Academy of Sciences No. 110; ref. 7549] Eastern Atlantic, 1°10'N, 11°36'W, between surface and 2300 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus isaacsi Wisner, 1974. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus iselinoides Bussing, 1965 - Bussing's lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus iselinoides Bussing [W. A.], 1965:205, Fig. 8] Notes: [Antarctic Research Series v. 5; ref. 9201] Peru-Chile Trench, 31°58'S, 73°11'W, depth 35 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus iselinoides Bussing, 1965. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus jordani Gilbert, 1913 - brokenline lanternfish [=Lampanyctus jordani Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:104, Pl. 14] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Nemuro, Hokkaido, Japan. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus jordani Gilbert, 1913. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Subarctic transition zone and California Current, straying to Hancock Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Becker, 1867 - mermaid lanternfish [=Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Becker [V. E.], 1967:112, Fig. 9a] Notes: [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 84; ref. 7941] South Atlantic, 42°17'S, 39°00'W, depth 312-332 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Becker, 1967. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere, not in eastern or central Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode & Bean, 1896) - Rackery beaconlamp [=Nanobrachium macdonaldi Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:94, Pl. 29 (fig. 110), Lampanyctus iselini Parr [A. E.], 1934:60, Fig. 7] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] East of New Jersey, U.S.A., 39°48'N, 70°36'W, Albatross station 2553, depth 551 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Atlantic and southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine. (iselini) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 77 (no. 2); ref. 16446] North Atlantic, 41°30'N, 45°57'W, depth 700-800 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904) - Brauer's Indian lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) macropterum Brauer [A.], 1904:397, 404, Fig. 5, Lampanyctus basili Kotthaus [A.], 1972:31, Fig. 276, Serpa freta Whitley [G. P.], 1936:162, Lampanyctus macropterus novaeguineae Fowler [H. W.], 1958:7, Lampanyctus macropterus taningi Angel [F.] & Verrier [M. L.], 1931:124, Fig. 2] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Ten localities in Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean; questionably the Central North Pacific including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (basili) [Meteor Forschungsergebnisse. Reihe D, Biologie No. 12; ref. 7621] 180 miles east-northeast of Seychelles, 3°S, 58°E. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (freta) [Australian Zoologist v. 8 (pt 3); ref. 13756] North of New Guinea, 1°16'S, 138°55'E, depth 2900 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (novaeguineae) [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 310; ref. 1470] Near New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. (taningi) [Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique Monaco (New Series) v. 10 (no. 5); ref. 15919] North of New Guinea, 1°16'S, 138°55'E, depth 2900 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus macropterus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus niger (Gunther, 1887) - Challenger lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium nigrum Günther [A.], 1887:199, Pl. 52 (fig. B)] Notes: [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] 4°33'N, 127°06'E, south of Philippines [ca. 7.6 kilometers southwest of Pulau Kakalotan, Kepulauan Nenusa, Talaud Archipelago, Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia, western Pacific], Challenger station 214, depth 500 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus niger (Günther, 1887). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia and Vietnam east to Hawaiian Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and northern New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus nobilis Taning, 1928 - noble lampfish [=Lampanyctus nobilis Tåning [A. V.], 1928:66] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Western Atlantic [ca. 81 kilometers east to Barbuda, Antigua & Barbuda], 17°41'N, 60°58'W, depth about 3000 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus nobilis Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Lampanyctus omostigma Gilbert, 1908 - omostigma lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus omostigma Gilbert [C. H.], 1908:232, Pl. 5] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Pacific, about 1000 miles north of Marquesas Islands, 10°57'35"N, 137°35'25"W, Albatross. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus omostigma Gilbert, 1908. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: South and eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus parvicauda Parr, 1931 - slimtail lampfish [=Lampanyctus omostigma parvicauda Parr [A. E.], 1931:26, Fig. 9] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Pacific coast of Mexico, 16°14'00"N, 99°36'30"W, 3750 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus parvicauda Parr, 1931. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific to western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus photonotus Parr, 1928 - photonotus lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus photonotus Parr [A. E.], 1928:102, Fig. 16, Lampanyctus taaningi Parr [A. E.], 1929:27] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Off Crooked Island, Bahamas, 22°43'N, 74°23'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus photonotus Parr, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine. (taaningi) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 76 (no. 2807); ref. 15936] Exuma Sound, Bahamas, 24°51'N, 76°37.5'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus photonotus Parr, 1928. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. Species Lampanyctus phyllisae (Zahuranec, 2000) - Phyllis' lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium phyllisae Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:39, Fig. 20] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] Southeastern Pacific, 33°24'S, 73°33'W to 33°32'S, 73°35'W. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus phyllisae (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Southeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus procerus (Brauer, 1904) - Agulhas Bank lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) procerum Brauer [A.], 1904:402, Fig. 9] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Near Agulhas Bank, South Africa, 35°32'08"S, 18°20'01"E, southeastern Atlantic, Valdivia station 112, depth 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus pusillus (Johnson, 1890) - pygmy lanternfish [=Scopelus pusillus Johnson [J. Y.], 1890:457] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1890 (pt 2); ref. 14496] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus pusillus (Johnson, 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic (including Mediterranean Sea) and southern circumglobal in temperate seas (including Mascarenes). Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus regalis (Gilbert, 1892) - Santa Barbara lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum regale Gilbert [C. H.], 1892:544, Lampanyctus micropunctatus Chapman [W. M.], 1939:527, Fig. 66] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 14 (no. 880); ref. 1626] 32°40'30"N, 117°31'30"W, Santa Barbara Channel, California, U.S.A., Albatross station 2923, depth 822 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus regalis (Gilbert, 1892). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North and eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (micropunctatus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 86 (no. 3062); ref. 817] Northeastern Pacific, 53°40'N, 134°15'W, 900-700 meters of wire out. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus regalis (Gilbert, 1892). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus ritteri Gilbert, 1915 - Monterey Bay lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus ritteri Gilbert [C. H.], 1915:318, Pl. 15 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 48 (no. 2075); ref. 1632] Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A., Albatross station 4513, depth 389-456 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus ritteri Gilbert, 1915. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus simulator Wisner, 1971 - Wisner's North Pacific lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus simulator Wisner [R. L.], 1971:51, Fig. 7] Notes: [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Eastern Pacific, 41°01'N, 155°00'W, depth 0-410 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus simulator Wisner, 1971. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus steinbecki Bolin, 1939 - longfin lampfish [=Lampanyctus steinbecki Bolin [R. L.], 1939:140, Fig. 23] Notes: [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 508] Off Lone Point, Santa Catalina Island, California, U.S.A., depth 800 feet. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus steinbecki Bolin, 1939. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and southern California, U.S.A. Habitat: marine. Species Lampanyctus tenuiformis (Brauer, 1906) - tenuiformis lanterfish (author) [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) tenuiforme Brauer [A.], 1906:243, Fig. 160] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Between Seychelles and Zanzibar (Tanzaqnia) [ca. 71 kilometers northeast of Eagle Island, Amirantes Islands, Seychelles, western Indian Ocean], 4°34'08"S, 53°42'08"E, Valdivia station 235. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus tenuiformis (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal, primarily equatorial, including Hawaiian Islands, but except not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus turneri (Fowler, 1934) - Turner's lanternfish (author) [=Serpa turneri Fowler [H. W.], 1934:285, Fig. 45, Lampanyctus basili Wisner [R. L.], 1974:11, Figs. 5-6] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Bantigue Island, between Leyte Island and Mindanao Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5497, depth 960 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus turneri (Fowler, 1934). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine. (basili) [Occasional Papers California Academy of Sciences No. 110; ref. 7549] South China Sea, 6°32.5'N, 114°16.0'E. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctus turneri (Fowler, 1934). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus vadulus Hulley, 1981 - vadulus lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus vadulus Hulley [P. A.], 1981:217, Fig. 99] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southeastern Atlantic, 1°24'S, 25°58'W, Walther Herwig station 186/66, depth 0-370 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus vadulus Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctus wisneri (Zahuranec, 2000) - Wisner's South Atlantic lanternfish (author) [=Nannobrachium wisneri Zahuranec [B. J.], 2000:42, Fig. 22] Notes: [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 607; ref. 24618] South Atlantic, 35°50'S, 2°16'W, depth 600-650 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctus wisneri (Zahuranec, 2000). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: South Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Lepidophanes Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Lepidophanes (subgenus of Lampanyctus) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1090] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Lampanyctus guentheri Goode & Bean, 1896. Type by original designation. •Valid as Lepidophanes Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:190 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:14 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:466 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:310 [ref. 5672], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Hulley & Duhamel 2010:259 [ref. 30745]). Current status: Valid as Lepidophanes Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer, 1906) - Gauss' lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) gaussi Brauer [A.], 1906:235, Fig. 154, Lampanyctus subpectoralis Parr [A. E.], 1928:101, Fig. 15] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] No type locality; German South Pole Expedition. Current status: Valid as Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (subpectoralis) [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 24°29'N, 77°29'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lepidophanes guentheri (Goode & Bean, 1896) - Gunther's lepidophanes (author) [=Lampanyctus guentheri Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:79, Pl. 24 (fig. 90), Lampanyctus melanothorax Parr [A. E.], 1928:98, Fig. 14] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Newfoundland Banks, northwestern Atlantic, depth 45 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Lepidophanes guentheri (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (melanothorax) [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Turks Island Passage, West Indies, 21°30'N, 71°11'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Lepidophanes guentheri (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Parvilux Hubbs & Wisner, 1964 - lanternfishes [=Parvilux Hubbs [C. L.] & Wisner [R. L.], 1964:448] Notes: [ref. 2266]. Fem. Parvilux ingens Hubbs & Wisner, 1964. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Lampanyctus Bonaparte, 1840, but a valid subgenus Parvilux -- (Paxton 1979:14 [ref. 6440]). •Valid as Parvilux Hubbs & Wisner, 1964 -- (Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625]). Current status: Valid as Parvilux Hubbs & Wisner, 1964. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Parvilux boschmai Hubbs & Wisner, 1964 - Boschma's lanternfish (author) [=Parvilux boschmai Hubbs [C. L.] & Wisner [R. L.], 1964:458, Figs. 1, 3, 5; Pl. 25 (fig.2)] Notes: [Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) v. 39; ref. 2266] Eastern tropical Pacific, 2°09'N, 84°53.5'W. Current status: Valid as Parvilux boschmai Hubbs & Wisner, 1964. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Parvilux ingens Hubbs & Wisner, 1964 - giant lampfish [=Parvilux ingens Hubbs [C. L.] & Wisner [R. L.], 1964:451, Figs. 1-4; Pl. 25 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) v. 39; ref. 2266] Off the southwestern side of Guadalupe Island, Baja California, Mexico, 29°09'N, 118°27.3'W. Current status: Valid as Parvilux ingens Hubbs & Wisner, 1964. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Stenobrachius Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 - lanternfishes [=Stenobrachius (subgenus of Myctophum) Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1890:5] Notes: [ref. 1256]. Masc. Myctophum (Stenobrachius) leucopsarum Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1890. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Proposed as a subgenus, but in text "... as a subgeneric or generic name for this species, ..." •Valid as Stenobrachius Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1890 -- (Paxton 1979:17 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:69 [ref. 6441], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:247 [ref. 25968]). Current status: Valid as Stenobrachius Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1890. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Stenobrachius leucopsarus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890) - Northern lanternfish [=Myctophum (Stenobrachius) leucopsarum Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1890:5, Lampanyctus beringensis Schmidt [P. J.] 1933:131, Fig.] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 3; ref. 1256] Off Point Loma, California, U.S.A. (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Stenobrachius leucopsarus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (berginensis) [Copeia 1933 (no. 3); ref. 16521] Off Cape Severny, Bering Island, southwestern Bering Sea, depth 93 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Stenobrachius leucopsarus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Stenobrachius nannochir (Gilbert, 1890) - garnet lanternfish [=Myctophum nannochir Gilbert [C. H.] 1890:51, Lampanyctus nannochir laticauda Kulikova [E. B.] 1954:196, Fig. 2] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Pacific coast of U.S.A., depth 266-685 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Stenobrachius nannochir (Gilbert 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (laticauda) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 11; ref. 9500] Okhotsk Sea and Kuril Islands, Russia. Current status: Synonym of Stenobrachius nannochir (Gilbert 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Taaningichthys Bolin, 1959 - lanternfishes [=Taaningichthys Bolin [R. L.], 1959:25] Notes: [ref. 503]. Masc. Lampadena bathyphila Tåning, 1928. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Taaningichthys Bolin, 1959 -- (Davy 1972 [ref. 7607], Krefft & Bekker 1973:197 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:18 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:481 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:68 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:320 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:269 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:178 [ref. 21685], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1958 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:948 [ref. 27005], Paxton et al. 2006:530 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Valid as Taaningichthys Bolin, 1959. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Taaningichthys bathyphilus (Taning, 1928) - deepwater lanternfish [=Lampadena bathyphila Tåning [A. V.], 1928:63] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 400 kilometers southwest of El Hierro, Canary Islands], 25°11'N, 20°57'W, depth about 2000 meters (4000 meters of wire out). Current status: Valid as Taaningichthys bathyphilus (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

Species Taaningichthys minimus (Taning, 1928) - minimal lanternfish (author) [=Lampadena minima Tåning [A. V.], 1928:63] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 180 kilometers southwest of São Vicente, Cape Verde Islands], 15°50'N, 26°32'W, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Taaningichthys minimus (Tåning, 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

Species Taaningichthys paurolychnus Davy, 1972 - paurolychnus lanternfish (author) [=Taaningichthys paurolychnus Davy [B.], 1972:71, Fig. 4] Notes: [United States National Marine Fisheries Service Fishery Bulletin v. 70 (no. 1); ref. 7607] Off northern Baja California, Mexico [eastern Pacific], 31°N, 119°W. Current status: Valid as Taaningichthys paurolychnus Davy, 1972. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas, including Hawaiian Islands, but except South Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Triphoturus (subgenus of Lampanyctus) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1083] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Myctophum (Lampanyctus) micropterum Brauer, 1906. Type by original designation. •Valid as Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Paxton 1979:18 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:71 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:321 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1986:84 [ref. 9677], Paxton et al. 1989:269 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Evseenko 2008:166 [ref. 32467]). Current status: Valid as Triphoturus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

Species Triphoturus mexicanus (Gilbert, 1890) - Mexican lampfish [=Myctophum mexicanum Gilbert [C. H.], 1890:51] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] Off Baja California, Mexico, 25°59'45"N, 111°03'30"N, Albatross station 3008. Current status: Valid as Triphoturus mexicanus (Gilbert, 1890). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific, with a northern and southern population. Habitat: marine. Species Triphoturus microchir (Gilbert, 1913) - microchir lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus microchir Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:101] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Suruga Bay, Japan, Albatross station 5064, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Triphoturus microchir (Gilbert, 1913). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Northwestern Pacific: Japan. Habitat: marine.

Species Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer, 1904) - highseas lanternfish [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) nigrescens Brauer [A.], 1904:403, Myctophum (Lampanyctus) micropterum Brauer [A.], 1906:239, Fig. 157] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] East of Seychelles, western Indian Ocean, 2°38'09"S, 63°37'09"E, Valdivia station 231, depth 800-1000 meters. Current status: Valid as Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands and tropical eastern Pacific, north to southern Japan, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (micropterum) [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Indian Ocean, 2°43'08"S, 61°12'06"E. Current status: Synonym of Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Triphoturus oculeum (Garman, 1899) - Garman's triphoturus (author) [=Myctophum oculeum Garman [S.], 1899:260, Pl. 56 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 24; ref. 1540] Off Pacific coast of Mexico, depth 421-1772 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Triphoturus oculeum (Garman, 1899). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine

****************************************************************************************************************************** SUBFAMILY Diaphinae Paxton, 1972 - headlightfishes [=Diaphini] Notes: Diaphini Paxton, 1972:48 [ref. 3394] (tribe) Diaphus

GENUS Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 - lanternfishes [=Diaphus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1890:3, Aethoprora Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:86, Cavelampus (subgenus of Collettia) Whitley [G. P.], 1933:62, Collettia Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:88, Lamprossa Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.], 1925:156, Nyctophus Cocco [A.], 1829:44 or 144, Pantophos Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.], 1925:156] Notes: [ref. 1256]. Masc. Diaphus theta Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Type by original designation. •Valid as Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:439 [ref. 13675], Okiyama 1984:207 [ref. 13644], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:71 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:287 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:256 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:148 [ref. 21685], Becker 1992:3 [ref. 20772], Gomon et al. 1994:278 [ref. 22532], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:247 [ref. 25968], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:512 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:273 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae (Aethoprora) [ref. 1848]. Fem. Myctophum metopoclampum Cocco, 1829. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Jordan 1920:467 [ref. 4905]. •Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae. (Cavelampus) [ref. 4677]. Masc. Aethoprora perspicillata Ogilby, 1898. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. (Collettia) [ref. 1848]. Fem. Nyctophus rafinesquii Cocco, 1838. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Bolin 1959:20 [ref. 503], Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. (Lamprossa) [ref. 2486]. Fem. Diaphus anteorbitalis Gilbert, 1913. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. (Nyctophus) [ref. 857]. Masc. Nyctophus rafinesquii Cocco, 1838. Type by monotypy. Misspelled Nychtopus by Cocco 1838:180 [ref. 865]. A substitute for Myctophum according to Jordan 1917:133 [ref. 2407]. Apparently treated by Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440] as a misspelling; in synonymy of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Needs investigation; not in Cocco 1829:144 [ref. 857] where Myctophum is treated; possibly first in Cocco 1829, ref. 856 [not seen]. •In the synonymy of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. (Pantophos) [ref. 2486]. Masc. Diaphus glandulifer Gilbert, 1913. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Panthophos is a misspelling. •Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 -- (Nafpaktitis 1968:22 [ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:176 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae.

Species Diaphus adenomus Gilbert, 1905 - Gilbert's large lanternfish [=Diaphus adenomus Gilbert [C. H.], 1905:592, Pl. 68 (fig. 1), Diaphus anteorbitalis Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:92, Pl. 12 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 23 (pt 2) [for 1903]; ref. 1631] Kaiwi Channel, between Oahu Island and Molokai Island, Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 4106, depth 335-350 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus adenomus Gilbert, 1905. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic; Pacific, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (anteorbitalis) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Off Shiwo Misako, Japan, 33°24'50"N, 135°38'40"E, Albatross station 4968, depth 253 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus adenomus Gilbert, 1905. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. Species Diaphus agassizii Gilbert, 1908 - Gilbert's Marquesas lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus agassizii Gilbert [C. H.], 1908:226, Pl. 2] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Near Nuka Hiva Island, Marquesas Islands, depth 0-300 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus agassizii Gilbert, 1908. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus aliciae Fowler, 1934 - Alicia's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus aliciae Fowler [H. W.], 1934:295, Fig. 53, Diaphus layi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:292, Fig. 51] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Bohol and Leyte islands, Philippines, Albatross station D.5233. Current status: Valid as Diaphus aliciae Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine. (layi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Northern Mindanao Island and vicinity, Philippines, Albatross station 5500, depth 267 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus aliciae Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus anderseni Taning, 1932 - Andersen's lanternfish [=Diaphus anderseni Tåning [A. V.], 1932:134, Fig. 6] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Southwest of Fiji Islands [South Pacific], 20°00'S, 174°29'E, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus anderseni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine. Species Diaphus antonbruuni Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Anton Bruun's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus antonbruuni Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:25, Fig. 22] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 7°56'S, 65°14'E, depth to 504 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus antonbruuni Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus arabicus Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Nafpaktitis' Arabian lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus arabicus Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:77, Fig. 76] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Arabian Sea, 17°46'N, 65°02'E, depth 0-468 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus arabicus Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus bertelseni Nafpaktitis, 1966 - Bertelsen's lanternfish [=Diaphus bertelseni Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1966:405, Figs. 2-5] Notes: [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 133 (no. 9); ref. 9047] Tropical Atlantic, 0°15'S, 18°35'W to 0°15'S, 18°45'W, depth 0-85-0 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus bertelseni Nafpaktitis, 1966. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic; Western and central Pacific: Ryukyu Islands, eastern Australia, New Caledonia, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus brachycephalus Taning, 1928 - short-headed lanternfish [=Diaphus brachycephalus Tåning [A. V.], 1928:59] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 300 kilometers north of São Nicolau Island, Cape Verde Islands], 19°22'N, 24°06'W, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus brachycephalus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical trough temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus chrysorhynchus Gilbert & Cramer, 1897 - golden-nosed lanternfish [=Diaphus chrysorhynchus Gilbert [C. H.] & Cramer [F.], 1897:409, Pl. 38 (fig. 2 [?3]), Diaphus astridae Giltay [L.], 1929:29, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1114); ref. 1635] Off Hawaiian Islands, Kaiwi Channel, 21°15'49"N, 157°44'27"W, surface. Current status: Valid as Diaphus chrysorhynchus Gilbert & Cramer, 1897. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southeastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia; western and central Pacific: Borneo, Philippines, southern Japan, eastern Australia, New Caledonia, Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (astridae) [Annales de la Société Royale Zoologique de Belgique v. 60; ref. 15896] Coast of Manokwari, New Guinea [West Papua, Indonesia]. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus chrysorhynchus Gilbert & Cramer, 1897. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus confusus Becker, 1992 - Confusus lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus confusus Becker [V. E.], 1992:8, Fig. 2] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 32 (no. 6); ref. 20772] Eastern Pacific, 24°58'S, 88°29'W, depth 545-562 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus confusus Becker, 1992. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896) - headlight fish [=Aethoprora effulgens Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:87, Pl. 27 (fig. 103), Diaphus antelucens Kulikova [E. B.], 1961:13 [6], Fig. 5, Myctophum (Diaphus) aeolochrus Barnard [K. H.], 1927:1021, Diaphus macrophus Parr [A. E.], 1928:136, Fig. 27] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Brown's Bank, northern Atlantic (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Diaphus effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal and North Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (aeolochrus) [Annals of the South African Museum v. 21 (pt 2); ref. 194] About 60 miles west south-west of Table Bay, South Africa, depth 200 fathoms depth (stomach content). Current status: Synonym of Diaphus effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae. Habitat: marine. (antelucens) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western Pacific, 12°55'N, 154°04'E, depth 6000-0 meters over 6300 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (macrophus) [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Off Cat Island, Bahamas, 24°11'N, 75°35'W, 7500 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus basileusi Becker & Prut'ko, 1984 - Becker's Indian lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus basileusi Becker [V. E.] & Prut'ko [V. G.], 1984:883 [82], Fig.] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 24 (no. 6); ref. 16216] Northeastern Indian Ocean above the Equator seamount, 0°26'N, 56°01'E, depth 120 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus basileusi Becker & Prut'ko, 1984. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus burtoni Fowler, 1934 - Burton's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus burtoni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:315, Fig. 70, Diaphus bryani Fowler [H. W.], 1934:319, Fig. 73] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] China Sea, vicinity of southern Luzon Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5291, 13°29'40"N, 121°00'45"E, depth 173 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus burtoni Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (bryani) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] China Sea, vicinity of southern Luzon Island, Philippines, 13°41'50"N, 120°58'30"E, Albatross station D.5289, depth 172 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus burtoni Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus coeruleus (Klunzinger, 1871) - blue lanternfish [=Scopelus coeruleus Klunzinger [C. B.], 1871:592] Notes: [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 21; ref. 2622] Al-Qusair, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Diaphus coeruleus (Klunzinger, 1871). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus dahlgreni Fowler, 1934 - Dahlgren's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus dahlgreni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:299, Fig. 56] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Vicinity of Darvel Bay, Borneo, Albatross station D.5579, 4°54'15"N, 119°09'52"E, depth 175 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus dahlgreni Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus danae Taning, 1932 - Dana lanternfish [=Diaphus danae Tåning [A. V.], 1932:140, Fig. 13] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] North of New Zealand, 36°23'30"S, 176°26'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus danae Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus dehaveni Fowler, 1934 - Dehaven's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus dehaveni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:320, Fig. 74] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Samar and Masbate islands, Philippines, Albatross station D.5392, depth 135 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus dehaveni Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus diadematus Taning, 1932 - crown lanternfish [=Diaphus diadematus Tåning [A. V.], 1932:137, Fig. 9] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Western Indian Ocean, 24°33'S, 38°26'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus diadematus Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus diademophilus Nafpaktitis 1978 - diademophilus lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus diademophilus Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:34, Fig. 32-33] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 4°01'S, 65°00'E, depth 0-615 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus diademophilus Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus drachmanni Taning, 1932 - Drachmann's lanternfish [=Diaphus drachmanni Tåning [A. V.], 1932:144, Fig. 16] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Indian Ocean, 4°44'N, 88°05'30"E, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus drachmanni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856) - Dumeril's lanternfish (author) [=Scopelus dumerilii Bleeker [P.], 1856:66, Lampanyctus lacerta Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:81, Pl. 24 (fig. 89), Myctophum nocturnum Poey [F.], 1861:426, Scopelus schmitzi Johnson [J. Y.], 1890:456] Notes: [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1 (6); ref. 352] Off Manado, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Pacific. Habitat: marine. (lacerta) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf of Mexico off Florida, 28°38'30"N, 85°52'30"W, Albatross station 2401, depth 142 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856). Myctophidae. Habitat: marine. (nocturnum) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (schmitzi) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1890 (pt 2); ref. 14496] East end of Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus ehrhorni Fowler, 1934 - Ehrhorn's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus ehrhorni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:304, Fig. 60] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Burias and Luzon islands, Philippines, Albatross station D.5387, depth 209 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus ehrhorni Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Diaphus faustinoi Fowler, 1934 - Tanon Strait lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus faustinoi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:300, Fig. 57] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Tanon Strait, east coast of Negros Island, Philippines, Albatross station 5190, 10°08'15"N, 123°16'45"E, depth 295 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus faustinoi Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus fragilis Taning, 1928 - fragile lanternfish [=Diaphus fragilis Tåning [A. V.], 1928:61] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Northern central Atlantic, 12°11'N, 35°49'W, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus fragilis Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus fulgens (Brauer, 1904) - Valdivia lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Nyctophus) fulgens Brauer [A.], 1904:402, Fig. 4, Diaphus nanus Gilbert [C. H.], 1908:224, Pl. 1] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] 4 Valdivia stations in Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Diaphus fulgens (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific including Hawaiian Islands; comprising several forms, which probably represent several species. Habitat: marine. (nanus) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Near Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas Group, depth 0-300 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus fulgens (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus garmani Gilbert, 1906 - Garman's lanternfish [=Diaphus garmani Gilbert [C. H.], 1906:258, Pl. 2, Diaphus ashmeadi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:311, Fig. 66, Diaphus latus Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:95, Pl. 13 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 46 (no. 14); ref. 15659] Cuba, western Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Diaphus garmani Gilbert, 1906. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas, including Hawaiian Islands, but not eastern Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (ashmeadi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] China Sea, vicinity of southern Luzon Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5291, 13°29'40"N, 121°00'45"E, depth 173 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus garmani Gilbert, 1906. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (latus) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Misaki, Sagami Bay, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus garmani Gilbert, 1906. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus gigas Gilbert, 1913 - giant lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus gigas Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:93, Pl. 12 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Sagami Bay, Japan. Current status: Valid as Diaphus gigas Gilbert, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus handi Fowler, 1934 - Hand's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus handi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:290, Fig. 49] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Cebu and Siquijor islands, Philippines, 9°27'15"N, 123°31'48"E, Albatross station D.5533, depth 423 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus handi Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus holti Taning, 1918 - small lanternfish [=Diaphus holti Tåning [A. V.], 1918:88, Fig. 35] Notes: [Report on the Danish Oceanographic Expedition 1908-1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas.. v. 2 (Biol.) (A. 7); ref. 12242] Off Bay of Alger, Algeria, Mediterranean Sea, 36°53'N, 3°09'E. Current status: Valid as Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic, including Mediterranean Sea; southwestern Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus hudsoni Zurbrigg & Scott, 1976 - Hudson's lanternfish [=Diaphus hudsoni Zurbrigg [R. E.] & Scott [W. B.], 1976:1539, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 54 (no. 9); ref. 7404] South Atlantic, 44°14'S, 42°43'W, depth 0-840 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus hudsoni Zurbrigg & Scott, 1976. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus impostor Nafpaktitis et al., 1995 - imposter lanternfish [=Diaphus impostor Nafpaktitis [B. G.], Robertson [D. A.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1995:336, Fig. 1] Notes: [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 29 (no. 3); ref. 21810] Halmahera Sea, 0°00.2'N, 128°42.2'E, Alpha Helix station 139, depth 0-140 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus impostor Nafpaktitis, Robertson & Paxton, 1995. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus jenseni Taning, 1932 - Jensen's lanternfish [=Diaphus jenseni Tåning [A. V.], 1932:141, Fig. 14, Diaphus carlsoni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:312, Fig. 67, Diaphus gudgeri Fowler [H. W.], 1934:302, Fig. 59, Diaphus kylei Tåning [A. V.], 1932:133, Fig. 5] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] North of New Guinea, 3°18'N, 129°02'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (carlsoni) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Off eastern Mindoro Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5263, 12°38'30"N, 121°37'30"E. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (gudgeri) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Northern Mindanao Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5544, depth 759 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (kylei) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Sulu Sea, 7°22'N, 121°16'E, depth 350 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus kapalae Nafpaktitis et al., 1995 - Kapala lanternfish [=Diaphus kapalae Nafpaktitis [B. G.], Robertson [D. A.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1995:342, Fig. 5] Notes: [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 29 (no. 3); ref. 21810] Southeast of Sydney, 34°11'S, 151°29'E, New South Wales, Australia, Kapala station 77-02-02, depth 0-290 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus kapalae Nafpaktitis, Robertson & Paxton, 1995. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus knappi Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Knapp's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus knappi Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:45, Fig. 43] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Southwestern coast of Madagascar, 23°36.4'S, 43°31'E, depth 450-460 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus knappi Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific (including Madagascar and Mascarenes). Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus kora Nafpaktitis et al., 1995 - kora lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus kora Nafpaktitis [B. G.], Robertson [D. A.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1995:341, Fig. 4] Notes: [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 29 (no. 3); ref. 21810] East of Kermadec Islands, 28°23'S, 174°56'W, James Cook station J17/73/76, depth 0-387 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus kora Nafpaktitis, Robertson & Paxton, 1995. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus kuroshio Kawaguchi & Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Kawaguchi's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus kuroshio Kawaguchi [K.] & Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:89, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 25 (no. 2); ref. 8921] Off Japan [northern Philippine Sea, western North Pacific], 31°24.1'N, 136°52.4'E. Current status: Valid as Diaphus kuroshio Kawaguchi & Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western and central North Pacific: Japan to Hancock Seamount (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus lobatus Nafpaktitis, 1978 - lobatus lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus lobatus Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:79, Fig. 77] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Northern Indian Ocean, 6°52'N, 79°30'E, 600 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Diaphus lobatus Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus lucidus (Goode & Bean, 1896) - spotlight lanternfish [=Aethoprora lucida Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:87, Pl. 27 (fig. 102), Diaphus altifrons Kulikova [E. B.], 1961:11, Fig. 4, Diaphus monodi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:306, Fig. 62, Diaphus reidi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:309, Fig. 64] Notes: [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Windward Passage between Cuba and Haiti, 19°45'N, 75°04'W, Albatross station 2127, depth 1639 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus lucidus (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (altifrons) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western Pacific, 10°06'S, 187°[sic]23'W, depth 1000-0 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus lucidus (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (monodi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Tanon Strait, east coast of Negros Island, Philippines, 10°08'15"N, 123°16'45"E, Albatross station D.5190, depth 295 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus lucidus (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (reidi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Vicinity of Marinduque Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5368, 13°35'30"N, 121°48'00"E, depth 181 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus lucidus (Goode & Bean, 1896). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus lucifrons Fowler, 1934 - Philippines lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus lucifrons Fowler [H. W.], 1934:307, Fig. 63] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] East coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 12°43'51"N, 124°58'50"E, Albatross station 5444, depth 308 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus lucifrons Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus luetkeni (Brauer, 1904) - Luetken's lanternfish [=Myctophum (Nyctophus) luetkeni Brauer [A.], 1904:393, 400, Diaphus lutkeni pacificus Kulikova [E. B.], 1961:24 [20], Fig. 16] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] 4 Valdivia stations in Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Diaphus luetkeni (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (pacificus) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western North Pacific, 31°02'N, 146°05'E, depth 6000-0 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus luetkeni (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus malayanus Weber, 1913 - Malayan lanternfish [=Diaphus malayanus Weber [M.], 1913:89, Fig. 30, Diaphus meyeri Fowler [H. W.], 1934:314, Fig. 68, Diaphus tanakae Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:88] Notes: [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Halmahera Sea, 0°17.6'S, 129°14.5'E, Siboga station 148, depth 1000 meters; Banda Sea, 3°58'S, 128°20'E, station 230, depth 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus malayanus Weber, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (meyeri) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] West coast of Luzon Island, Philippines, 15°45'54"N, 119°42'45"E, Albatross station D.5437. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus malayanus Weber, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (tanakae) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Off southeastern coast of Kiusiu, 31°10'30"N, 131°58'30"E, Albatross station 4951, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus malayanus Weber, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus mascarensis Becker, in Becker & Shcherbachev, 1990 - Mascarenes lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus mascarensis Becker [V. E.], in Becker & Shcherbachev, 1990:850, Fig. 2] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 30 (no. 5); ref. 20119] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 15°24'S, 61°24'E, depth 378-385 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus mascarensis Becker, 1990. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Rodrigues (Mascarenes), possibly endemic. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus meadi Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Mead's lanternfish [=Diaphus meadi Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:63, Figs. 62-63] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Southeastern Atlantic, 27°10'S, 8°59'E, 300 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Diaphus meadi Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus megalops Nafpaktitis, 1978 - megalops lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus megalops Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:65, Fig. 65] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Southwestern Indian Ocean, 2°00'S, 64°54'E, depth 0-528 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus megalops Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus metopoclampus (Cocco, 1829) - spothead lanternfish [=Myctophum metopoclampum Cocco [A.], 1829:144] Notes: [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Diaphus metopoclampus (Cocco, 1829). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including Mediterranean Sea and Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus minax Nafpaktitis, 1968 - minax lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus minax Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1968:57, Fig. 34] Notes: [Dana Report No. 73; ref. 6979] North Atlantic, 26°34.5'N, 79°04.5'W, Atlantis station 552, depth 260 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus minax Nafpaktitis, 1968. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus mollis Taning, 1928 - soft lanternfish [=Diaphus mollis Tåning [A. V.], 1928:60, Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Eastern Atlantic [ca. 300 kilometers north of São Nicolau Island, Cape Verde Islands], 19°22'N, 24°06'W, depth about 200 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus mollis Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus nielseni Nafpaktitis, 1978 - Nielsen's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus nielseni Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1978:17, Fig. 12] Notes: [Science Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County No. 30; ref. 8904] Western Pacific, 6°37'N, 122°24'E, Dana station 3684 IX, 1500 meters wire out. Current status: Valid as Diaphus nielseni Nafpaktitis, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus ostenfeldi Taning, 1932 - Ostenfeld's lanternfish [=Diaphus ostenfeldi Tåning [A. V.], 1932:142, Fig. 15] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] West of New Zealand, 35°36'S, 171°52'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus ostenfeldi Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Southern Hemisphere circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus pacificus Parr, 1931 - Pacific headlight fish [=Diaphus pacificus Parr [A. E.], 1931:34, Fig. 14] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 2 (art. 4); ref. 3371] Eastern Pacific coast of Mexico, 16°14'00"N, 99°36'30"W, 3750 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Diaphus pacificus Parr, 1931. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Central Pacific: Johnston Atoll; eastern Pacific: Gulf of California (Mexico) south to Peru, west to 5°N, 140°W. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus pallidus Gjosaeter, 1989 - pallid lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus pallidus Gjøsaeter [J.], 1989:537, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Zoologica Scripta v. 18 (no. 4); ref. 17666] Gulf of Aden, 11°47'N, 43°29'E, depth 310 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus pallidus Gjøsaeter, 1989. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus parini Becker, 1992 - Parin's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus parini Becker [V. E.], 1992:6, Fig. 1] Notes: [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 32 (no. 6); ref. 20772] Eastern Pacific, 24°41'S, 85°29'E, depth 320 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus parini Becker, 1992. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus parri Taning, 1932 - Parr's lanternfish [=Diaphus parri Tåning [A. V.], 1932:135, Fig. 7], Diaphus kendalli Fowler [H. W.], 1934:297, Fig. 55, Diaphus longleyi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:296, Fig. 54, Diaphus rassi Kulikova [E. B.], 1961:28 [24], Fig. 19] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Southeast of New Caledonia, 27°21'S, 175°11'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (kendalli) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Leyte and Mindanao islands, Philippines, 10°02'45"N, 125°05'33"E, Albatross station 5487, depth 585 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (longleyi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Cebu and Leyte islands, Philippines, Albatross station 5229, depth 290 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (rassi) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western Pacific, off New Britain Island, Bismarck Archipelago, 6°15'S, 153°44'E. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus perspicillatus (Ogilby, 1898) - transparent lanternfish [=Aethoprora perspicillata Ogilby [J. D.], 1898:36, Myctophum (Nyctophus) elucens Brauer [A.], 1904:401, Fig. 8] Notes: [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 23 (pt 1); ref. 5861] Lord Howe Island, southwestern Pacific. Current status: Valid as Diaphus perspicillatus (Ogilby, 1898). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (elucens) [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Indian Ocean, 0°27'04"S, 42°47'03"E, Valdivia station 253, depth 638 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus perspicillatus (Ogilby, 1898). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus phillipsi Fowler, 1934 - Bolin's lanternfish [=Diaphus phillipsi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:287, Fig. 47, Diaphus rolfbolini Wisner [R. L.], 1971:47, Fig. 5] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Between Panay and Negros [Visayas Group], Philippines [Panay Gulf, Sulu Sea, western Pacific], Albatross station D.5184, depth 565 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus phillipsi Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific (including Hawaiian Islands), but not the northeastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (rolfbolini) [Copeia 1971 (no. 1); ref. 7711] Eastern Pacific, 10°00'N, 116°52.5'W, depth 0-920 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus phillipsi Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus problematicus Parr, 1928 - problematic lanternfish [=Diaphus problematicus Parr [A. E.], 1928:143, Fig. 32, Diaphus weberi Tåning [A. V.], 1932:138, Fig. 10] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 24°29'N, 77°29'W, 8000 feet wire out. Current status: Valid as Diaphus problematicus Parr, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (weberi) [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Zulu Sea, 7°22'N, 121°16'E [7°23'N, 121°22'E], depth about 350 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus problematicus Parr, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838) - white-spotted lanternfish [=Nyctophus rafinesquii Cocco [A.], 1838:180 [20], Pl. 7 (fig. 7), Diaphus intermedius Borodin [N. A.], 1930:89] Notes: [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno 1 Tomo 2 (fasc. 9); ref. 865] San Raineri, Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Diaphus rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Worldwide in temperate and tropical seas, including Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. (intermedius) [Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club v. 11; ref. 16067] North Atlantic, 33°N, 64°W, depth 1200 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus regani Taning, 1932 - Regan's lanternfish [=Diaphus regani Tåning [A. V.], 1932:139, Fig. 12] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] Off New Caledonia, 20°53.2'S, 164°03.3'E, depth about 750 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus regani Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus richardsoni Taning, 1932 - Richardson's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus richardsoni Tåning [A. V.], 1932:136, Fig. 8, Diaphus harveyi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:294, Fig. 52] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] North of New Guinea, 2°00'N, 138°22'E, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus richardsoni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (harveyi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Manila Bay, Luzon Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5177, depth 260 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus richardsoni Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus roei Nafpaktitis, 1974 - Roe's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus roei Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1974:4, Fig. 2] Notes: [Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) No. 254; ref. 7448] Northwestern Atlantic, 17°20'N, 62°52'W, Oregon station 5072, depth 305 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus roei Nafpaktitis, 1974. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus sagamiensis Gilbert, 1913 - Sagami Bay lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus sagamiensis Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:96, Pl. 13 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Sagami Bay, Japan, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus sagamiensis Gilbert, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus schmidti Taning, 1932 - Schmidt's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus schmidti Tåning [A. V.], 1932:139, Fig. 11, Diaphus crameri Fowler [H. W.], 1934:314, Fig. 69] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Kjøbenhavn. v. 94; ref. 5031] North of Samoa, 7°46'S, 167°10'E, depth about 100 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus schmidti Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western and central Pacific: Sulawesi east to Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan. Habitat: marine. (crameri) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Gulf of Tomini, Sulawesi, Indonesia, Albatross station D.5601, 1°13'10"N, 125°17'05"E, depth 765 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus schmidti Tåning, 1932. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus signatus Gilbert, 1908 - Nukuhiva lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus signatus Gilbert [C. H.], 1908:228, Pl. 3] Notes: [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Near Nukuhiva Island, Marquesas Group, depth 0-300 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus signatus Gilbert, 1908. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus similis Wisner, 1974 - Wisner's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus similis Wisner [R. L.], 1974:7, Figs. 3b, 4] Notes: [Occasional Papers California Academy of Sciences No. 110; ref. 7549] Northeastern Pacific. Current status: Valid as Diaphus similis Wisner, 1974. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904) - horned lanternfish [=Myctophum (Nyctophus) splendidum Brauer [A.], 1904:399, Fig. 7, Diaphus scapulofulgens Fowler [H. W.], 1934:316, Fig. 71, Diaphus steadi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:310, Fig. 65, Diaphus vitiazi Kulikova [E. B.], 1961:36 [34], Fig. 26] Notes: Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] 11 localities in Atlantic and Indian oceans. Current status: Valid as Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (scapulofulgens) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Butung [Buton] Strait, Indonesia, Albatross station D.5648, 5°35'00"S, 122°20'00"E, depth 559 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (steadi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Makassar Strait, Indonesia, Albatross station D.5667, 2°56'S, 118°47'30"E, depth 367 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (vitiazi) [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western Pacific, 6°15'S, 153°44'E, depth 8000-0 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus suborbitalis Weber, 1913 - Bali lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus suborbitalis Weber [M.], 1913:90, Fig. 31, Diaphus glandulifer Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:90, Pl. 11 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Bali Sea, 7°35.4'S, 117°28.6'E, Indonesia, Siboga station 38, depth 521 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus suborbitalis Weber, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Habitat: marine. (glandulifer) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] Suruga Bay, Japan, Albatross station 5058, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus suborbitalis Weber, 1913. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus subtilis Nafpaktitis, 1968 - Nafpaktitis' Atlantic lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus subtilis Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1968:92, Figs. 61-62] Notes: [Dana Report No. 73; ref. 6979] North Atlantic, 13°47'N, 61°26'W, Dana station 1183 I, [4500 meters wire out], depth about 2250 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus subtilis Nafpaktitis, 1968. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. Species Diaphus taaningi Norman, 1930 - Norman's Atlantic lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus taaningi Norman [J. R.], 1930:332, Fig. 30] Notes: [Discovery Reports v. 2; ref. 3219] 0°36'S, 8°28'E, off French Congo, Atlantic, depth 100-200 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus taaningi Norman, 1930. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus termophilus Taning, 1928 - Taaning's lanternfish [=Diaphus termophilus Tåning [A. V.], 1928:59, Diaphus hypolucens Parr [A. E.], 1928:130, Fig. 24, Diaphus streetsi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:291, Fig. 50] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] North Atlantic, 14°38'N, 61°16'W, depth about 350 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus termophilus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic and southwestern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (hypolucens) [Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection Yale University v. 3 (art. 3); ref. 3368] Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas, 23°58'N, 77°26'W, 7000 feet wire out. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus termophilus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (streetsi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Sombrero Island, China Sea off southern Luzon Island, Philippines, Albatross station D.5111, 13°45'15"N, 120°46'30"E, depth 236 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus termophilus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus theta Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 - California headlightfish [=Diaphus theta Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1890:4, Myctophum protoculus Gilbert [C. H.], 1890:52] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2) v. 3; ref. 1256] Off Point Loma, California, U.S.A.(from rockfish mouth). Current status: Valid as Diaphus theta Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: North Pacific subarctic transition zone and California Current (northeastern Pacific), waifs reaching Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. (protoculus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (no. 797); ref. 1623] 47°28'30"N, 125°24'W, off Washington, U.S.A., Albatross station 3072, depth 584 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus theta Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus thiollierei Fowler, 1934 - Thiolliere's lanternfish [=Diaphus thiollierei Fowler [H. W.], 1934:289, Fig. 48, Diaphus jouani Fowler [H. W.], 1934:301, Fig. 58] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Vicinity of western Bohol Island, Philippines, 9°31'50"N, 124°40°00"E, Albatross station D.5199. Current status: Valid as Diaphus thiollierei Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (jouani) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Makassar Strait, Indonesia, Albatross station 5672, 2°29'S, 118°51'E. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus thiollierei Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus trachops Wisner, 1974 - Oahu lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus trachops Wisner [R. L.], 1974:5, Figs. 2, 3A.] Notes: [Occasional Papers California Academy of Sciences No. 110; ref. 7549] Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands, depth 200-225 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus trachops Wisner, 1974. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Central and eastern Pacific: Hawaiian Islands east to central California, U.S.A. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus umbroculus Fowler, 1934 - Fowler's Batangas Bay lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus umbroculus Fowler [H. W.], 1934:317, Fig. 72] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Verde Island Passage and Batangas Bay, Philippines, 13°42'N, 120°57'15"E, Albatross station D.5268, depth 170 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus umbroculus Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus vanhoeffeni (Brauer, 1906) - Vanhoeffen's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Diaphus) vanhoeffeni Brauer [A.], 1906:222, Fig. 143, Diaphus lewisi Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1966:410, Figs. 7-11] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] German South Pole Expedition. Current status: Valid as Diaphus vanhoeffeni (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (lewisi) [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 133 (no. 9); ref. 9047] Tropical Atlantic, 13°31'N, 18°03'W, Dana station 4005 XI, depth about 15 meters. Current status: Synonym of Diaphus vanhoeffeni (Brauer, 1906). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus watasei Jordan & Starks, 1904 - Watases lanternfish [=Diaphus watasei Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.], 1904:580, Fig.] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Off Atami, Sagami Sea, Japan, depth 153 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus watasei Jordan & Starks, 1904. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Diaphus whitleyi Fowler, 1934 - Whitley's lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus whitleyi Fowler [H. W.], 1934:305, Fig. 61] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Verde Island Passage and Batangas Bay, Philippines, 13°42'N, 120°57'15"E, Albatross station D.5268, depth 170 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Diaphus whitleyi Fowler, 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Diaphus wisneri Nafpaktitis et al., 1995 - Wisner's diaphus (author) [=Diaphus wisneri Nafpaktitis [B. G.], Robertson [D. A.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1995:339, Fig. 3] Notes: [New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research v. 29 (no. 3); ref. 21810] Southwest of Oahu Island, 21°00'N, 158°20'W, Hawaiian Islands, Teritu cruise 71-6-24, depth 50 meters. Current status: Valid as Diaphus wisneri Nafpaktitis, Robertson & Paxton, 1995. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Pacific Ocean: Kermadec Islands to Hawaiian Islands, east to western Mexico, Peru and Chile. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Idiolychnus Nafpaktitis & Paxton, 1978 - lanternfishes [=Idiolychnus Nafpaktitis [B. G.] & Paxton [J. R.], 1978:495] Notes: [ref. 3138]. Masc. Diaphus urolampus Gilbert & Cramer, 1897. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Idiolychus in Zoological Record for 1978. •Valid as Idiolychnus Nafpaktitis & Paxton, 1978 -- (Paxton 1979:12 [ref. 6440], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:71 [ref. 6441], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Becker 1992:3 [ref. 20772], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748]). Current status: Valid as Idiolychnus Nafpaktitis & Paxton, 1978. Myctophidae: Diaphinae.

Species Idiolychnus urolampus (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897) - urolampus lanternfish (author) [=Diaphus urolampus Gilbert [C. H.] & Cramer [F.], 1897:408, Pl. 38 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 19 (no. 1114); ref. 1635] Hawaiian Islands, Albatross station 3467 and 3472, depth 310 and 295 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Idiolychnus urolampus (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Madagascar and Mascarenes, Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Hawaiian Islands, Nazca and Sala-y-Gomez ridges. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Lobianchia Gatti, 1904 - lanternfishes [=Lobianchia Gatti [M. A.], 1904:28, Hyperphotops (subgenus of Diaphus) Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1066, Pseudodiaphus Tåning [A. V.], 1918:71] Notes: [ref. 6529]. Fem. Nyctophus gemellarii Cocco, 1838. Type by monotypy. May date to 1903. •Valid as Lobianchia Gatti, 1904 – (Nafpaktitis 1968:11[ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:191 [ref. 7181], Nafpaktitis 1978:3 [ref. 8904], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:468 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:71 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:310 [ref. 5672], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1961 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:524 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:288 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Lobianchia Gatti, 1904. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. (Hyperphotops) [ref. 1496]. Masc. Nyctophus gemellarii Cocco, 1838. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Lobianchia Gatti, 1904 -- (Bolin 1959:18 [ref. 503], Nafpaktitis 1968:11 [ref. 6979], Krefft & Bekker 1973:191 [ref. 7181] Nafpaktitis 1978:4 [ref. 8904], Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lobianchia Gatti, 1904. Myctophidae: Diaphinae (Pseudodiaphus) [ref. 12242]. Masc. Myctophum (Lampanyctus) dofleini Zugmayer, 1911. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440]. Original not examined. •Synonym of Lobianchia Gatti, 1904 -- (Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Lobianchia Gatti, 1904. Myctophidae: Diaphinae.

Species Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911) - Dolflein's lanternfish [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) dofleini Zugmayer [E.], 1911:3] Notes: [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 193; ref. 6161] 34°02'N, 12°21'W, depth 0-4000 meters; 37°39'N, 0°20'E, depth 0-2170 meters; 36°17'N, 1°58'W, depth 0-1800 meters, station 2910, depth 0-4000 meters. Current status: Valid as Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Atlantic (including Mediterranean Sea) and southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838) - Cocco's lanternfish [=Nyctophus gemellarii Cocco [A.], 1838:186 [26], Pl. 7 (fig. 9), Diaphus nipponensis Gilbert [C. H.], 1913:86, Scopelus uracoclampus Facciolà [L.], 1884:51] Notes: [Nuovi annali delle scienze naturali e rendiconto dei lavori dell'Accademia della Scienze dell'Instituto di Bologna con appendice agraria. Bologna Anno 1 Tomo 2 (fasc. 9); ref. 865] Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea and Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (nipponensis) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 14956] South of Kagoshima, Japan, 30°34'N, 129°22'E, Albatross station 4920, depth 300 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. (uracoclampus) [Naturalista Siciliano [Il Naturalista Siciliano, Giornale di scienze naturali] v. 3 (no. 2); ref. 21833] Straits of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.

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SUBFAMILY Notolychninae Paxton, 1972 - topside lanternfishes [=Notolychnini] Notes: Notolychnini Paxton, 1972:45 [ref. 3394] (tribe) Notolychnus

GENUS Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1077, Vestula Bolin [R. L.], 1946:144] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Myctophum valdiviae Brauer, 1904. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Vestula Bolin, 1946, preoccupied by Vestula Stål, 1865 in Hemiptera. •Valid as Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:193 [ref. 7181], Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:475 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:219 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:67 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:315 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:267 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1958 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:945 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:528 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Valid as Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Notolychninae (Vestula) [ref. 509]. Fem. Myctophum valdiviae Brauer, 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Vestula Stål, 1865 in Hemiptera, replaced by Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Type species misspelled as valcidiae in Zoological Record for 1946. •In the synonymy of Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Notolychninae.

Species Notolychnus valdiviae (Brauer, 1904) - topside lanternfish [=Myctophum valdiviae Brauer [A.], 1904:398, Fig. 6] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Atlantic and Indian oceans. Current status: Valid as Notolychnus valdiviae (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Notolychninae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through cold temperate seas, disjunct (including Hawaiian Islands), but excluding southwestern Africa, Indonesian internal seas, Australia, New Caledonia, and the Pacific north to 38°N. Habitat: marine.

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SUBFAMILY Gymnoscopelinae Paxton, 1972 - luminous lanternfishes [=Scopelopsinae, Gymnoscopelini] Notes: Scopelopsinae Whitley, 1932b:333 [ref. 4674] (subfamily) Scopelopsis [name only, used as valid before 2000?; not available] Gymnoscopelini Paxton, 1972:49 [ref. 3394] (tribe) Gymnoscopelus

GENUS Gymnoscopelus Gunther, 1873 - lanternfishes [=Gymnoscopelus Günther [A.], 1873:91, Nasolychnus (subgenus of Myctophum) Smith [J. L. B.], 1933:126, Notes: [ref. 6424]. Masc. Gymnoscopelus aphya Günther, 1873. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Gymnoscopelus Günther, 1873 -- (Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Hulley 1986:299 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1989 [ref. 12284], Paxton et al. 1989:261 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:153 [ref. 21685], Miller 1993:529 [ref. 21297], Paxton et al. 2006:519 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:281 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus Günther, 1873. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae (Nasolychnus) [ref. 4063]. Masc. Myctophum (Nasolychnus) florentii Smith, 1933. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Gymnoscopelus Günther, 1873, but a valid subgenus Nasolychnus as described -- (Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Hulley 1986:300 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1990:157 [ref. 21685], Miller 1993:540 [ref. 21297]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnoscopelus Günther, 1873. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Gymnoscopelus aphya Gunther, 1873 - aphya lanternfish (author) [=Gymnoscopelus aphya Günther [A.], 1873:91 [11]] Notes: [Journal des Museum Godeffroy v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 6424] Near Strait of Magellan, 55°S, 85°W. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus aphya Günther, 1873. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnocsopelus bolini Andriashev, 1962 - Bolin's lanternfish (author) [=Gymnoscopelus bolini Andriashev [A. P.], 1962:272, Fig. 34] Notes: [Issledovanija fauny morej = Explorations of the fauna of the seas, Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Zoologiceskij Institut v. 1 (no. 9); ref. 9192] Antarctica, 53°01'S, 109°30'W, 4200 meters of wire out. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus bolini Andriashev, 1962. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus braueri (Lonnberg, 1905) - Brauer's lanternfish (author) [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) braueri Lönnberg [E.], 1905:764] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 23); ref. 15369] Northeast of Falkland Islands, 49°56'S, 49°56'W, open net in depth to 2700 meters. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus braueri (Lönnberg, 1905). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus fraseri (Fraser-Brunner, 1931) - Fraser's lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus fraseri Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1931:224, Fig. 4] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 10) v. 8 (no. 45); ref. 1486] Not 3°18'S, 5°17'E, off West Africa [probably Southern Ocean]. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus fraseri (Fraser-Brunner, 1931). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus hintonoides Hulley, 1981 - false-midas lanternfish [=Gymnoscopelus (Nasolychnus) hintonoides Hulley [P. A.], 1981:262, Fig. 125b] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwestern Atlantic, 42°57.9'S, 39°53.2'W, Walther Herwig station 104-II/76, depth 2200-2350 meters. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus hintonoides Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus microlampas Hulley, 1981 - minispotted lanternfish [=Gymnoscopelus (Nasolychnus) microlampas Hulley [P. A.], 1981:266, Fig. 125a] Notes: [Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft v. 31 (Beiheft 1); ref. 2276] Southwestern Atlantic, 41°46.6'S, 39°58.4'W, Walther Herwig station 105/76, depth 200-210 meters. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus microlampas Hulley, 1981. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gilbert, 1911) - Nichols' lanternfish [=Lampanyctus nicholsi Gilbert [C. H.], 1911:17, Fig. 1] Notes: [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 30 (art. 2); ref. 14788] North of the Falkland Islands, about 47°S, 60°W. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gilbert, 1911). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - Fraser's Antarctic lanternfish (author) [=Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1094, 1102, Fig. on p. 1094, Fig. 13] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 118 (pt 4); ref. 1496] Antarctica, 64°22.6'S, 106°33.3'E, Discovery station 1718, depth 550-900 meters. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.

Species Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931) - Southern blacktip lanternfish [=Lampanyctus piabilis Whitley [G. P.], 1931:103, Fig. 1, Myctophum (Nasolychnus) florentii Smith [J. L. B.], 1933:126, Pl. 9] Notes: [Records of the Australian Museum v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 4673] Stranded on beach at Macquarie Island, south of Tasmania. Current status: Valid as Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (florentii) [Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa v. 21 (pt 2); ref. 4063] Bushman's River, near Port Alfred, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Hintonia Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Hintonia Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1098] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Fem. Hintonia candens Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Hintonia Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:301 [ref. 5672], Hulley 1990:160 [ref. 21685]). Current status: Valid as Hintonia Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Hintonia candens Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - candens lanternfish (author) [=Hintonia candens Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1098, 1104, Fig. on p. 1098; Pl. 1 (lower)] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 118 (pt 4); ref. 1496] South Atlantic, south-west of Cape of Good Hope, 41°50'S, 0°01.7'E to 41°54.3'S, 0°03.3'E, Discovery station 1774, depth 650-400 meters. Current status: Valid as Hintonia candens Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Lampanyctodes Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Lampanyctodes Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1080] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Scopelus hectoris Günther, 1876. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Lampanyctodes Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Paxton 1979:12 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:305 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 2006:522 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:285 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Lampanyctodes Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Lampanyctodes hectoris (Gunther, 1876) - Hector's lanternfish [=Scopelus hectoris Günther [A.], 1876:399, Scopelus argenteus Gilchrist [J. D. F.], 1904:15, Pl. 36] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 17 (no. 101) (art. 43); ref. 2007] South side of Cook Strait, New Zealand. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctodes hectoris (Günther, 1876). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (argenteus) [Marine Investigations in South Africa. v. 3; ref. 1646] Three localities off South Africa. Current status: Synonym of Lampanyctodes hectoris (Günther, 1876). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Lampanyctodes lineatus Taning, 1928 - Caribbean lanternfish (author) [=Lampanyctus lineatus Tåning [A. V.], 1928:68] Notes: [Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening v. 86; ref. 15877] Caribbean Sea off Saint Croix Island, United States Virgin Islands, 17°54'N, 64°54'W, about 2500 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampanyctodes lineatus Tåning, 1928. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas, including Hawaiian Islands, but perhaps not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Lampichthys Fraser-Brunner, 1949 - lanternfishes [=Lampichthys Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1095] Notes: [ref. 1496]. Masc. Myctophum (Lampanyctus) procerum Brauer, 1904. Type by original designation. •Valid as Lampichthys Fraser-Brunner, 1949 -- (Paxton 1979:14 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Hulley 1986:310 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:265 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:166 [ref. 21685], Paxton et al. 2006:523 [ref. 28994]). Current status: Valid as Lampichthys Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904) - blackhead lanternfish [=Myctophum (Lampanyctus) procerum Brauer [A.], 1904:402, Fig. 9, Lampichthys rectangularis Fraser-Brunner [A.], 1949:1096, 1103, Fig. on p. 1096, Fig. 14, Lampichthys rutkovichi Linkowski [T. B.], 1985:321, Fig. 4] Notes: [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Near Agulhas Bank, South Africa, 35°32'08"S, 18°20'01"E, southeastern Atlantic, Valdivia station 112, depth 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine. (rectangularis) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London v. 118 (pt 4); ref. 1496] Southwestern Atlantic, 44°42'S, 53°32.2'W, Discovery station 717. Current status: Synonym of Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine. (rutkovichi) [Zoologica Scripta v. 14 (no. 4); ref. 8145] Southeastern Atlantic, 23°36'S, 6°13'E, depth 0-500 meters. Current status: Synonym of Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Notoscopelus Gunther, 1864 - lanternfishes [=Notoscopelus (subgenus of Scopelus) Günther [A.], 1864:405, 415, Catablemella Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1890:24, Macrostoma Risso [A.], 1827:447, Pareiophus (subgenus of Notoscopelus) Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1975:83] Notes: [ref. 1974]. Masc. Lampanyctus resplendens Richardson, 1845. Type by subsequent designation. In key (p. 405) as subgenus of Scopelus with corresponding species on pp. 415-416. Type designated by Goode & Bean 1896:82 [ref. 1848]. •Valid as Notoscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:194 [ref. 7181], Nafpaktitis 1975:75 [ref. 3137], Fujii & Uyeno 1976 [ref. 7014], Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440], Hulley in Whitehead et al. 1984:475 [ref. 13675], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:74 [ref. 6441], Hulley 1986:315 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:267 [ref. 12442], Hulley 1990:168 [ref. 21685], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1960 [ref. 24748], Hartel & Craddock 2003:949 [ref. 27005], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944], Paxton et al. 2006:528 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:291 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. (Catablemella) [ref. 1256]. Fem. Notoscopelus brachychier Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Bolin 1959:38 [ref. 503], Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440], Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. (Macrostoma) [ref. 3757]. Neut. Scopelus angustidens Risso, 1820. Type by monotypy. Notoscopelus Günther, 1864 is an unneeded replacement name, Macrostoma not preoccupied by Macrostomus Weidmann, 1817 in Diptera. Currently treated as a synonym of Notoscopelus. •Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. (Pareiophus) [ref. 3137]. Masc. Notoscopelus (Pareiophus) bolini Nafpaktitis, 1975. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864, but a valid subgenus Pareiophus as described -- (Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645] as Parieophus). •Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864 -- (Castellanos-Galindo et al. 2006:260 [ref. 28944]). Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus Günther, 1864. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Notoscopelus bolini Nafpaktitis, 1975 - Bolin's notoscopelus (author) [=Notoscopelus (Pareiophus) bolini Nafpaktitis [B. G.], 1975:83, Fig. 6] Notes: [Bulletin of Marine Science v. 25 (no. 1); ref. 3137] Mediterranean Sea, 38°39'N, 4°12'E, Atlantis station 1847, depth 0-1300 meters. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus bolini Nafpaktitis, 1975. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Habitat: marine. Species Notoscopelus caudispinosus (Johnson, 1863) - lobisomem [=Scopelus caudispinosus Johnson [J. Y.], 1863:42] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1863 (pt 1); ref. 5021] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus caudispinosus (Johnson, 1863). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas (including Hawaiian Islands), but not in the eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Notoscopelus elongatus (Costa, 1844) - elongate notoscopelus (author) [=Scopelus elongatus Costa [O. G.], 1844:Scopelus p. 2, Pl. 35, Scopelus pseudocrocodilus Moreau [É.], 1891:84, Fig. 227] Notes: [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Ercolano, southeast of [Napoli] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus elongatus (Costa, 1844). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea endemic. Habitat: marine. (pseudocrocodilus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons de la France. Supplément.; ref. 17794] Off Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus elongatus (Costa, 1844). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861) - lancet fish [=Scopelus kroyeri Malm [A. W.], 1861:617, Notoscopelus castaneus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:84, Pl. 25 (fig. 95), Notoscopelus margaritiferus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:84, Pl. 26 (fig. 98), Notoscopelus quercinus Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.], 1896:83, Pl. 26 (fig. 97)] Notes: [Förhandlingar vid de Skandinaviske Naturforskarnes. v. 8 (for 1860); ref. 17594] North Atantic. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: North Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (castaneus) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] East of New Jersey, U.S.A., 39°57'N, 70°37'W, Fish Hawk station 1113, depth 192 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine. (margaritiferus) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Off Banquero, Newfoundland Banks, Canada. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine. (quercinus) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Newfoundland Banks, northwestern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Notoscopelus japonicus (Tanaka, 1908) - Japanese lanternfish [=Macrostoma quercinum japonicum Tanaka [S.], 1908:5, Pl. 1 (fig. 3)] Notes: [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 23 (art. 13); ref. 4321] Probably off Misaki, Sagami Sea, Japan. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus japonicus (Tanaka, 1908). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: North Pacific: Kuroshio, subarctic, and transition zone, including Hancock Seamounts (Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine.

Species Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845) - patchwork lampfish [=Lampanyctus resplendens Richardson [J.], 1845:42, Pl. 27 (figs. 16-18), Notoscopellus brachychier Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.], 1889:126 [3], Notoscopelus ejectus Waite [E. R.], 1904:150, Pl. 18 (fig. 2), Serpa hoffmanni Fowler [H. W.], 1934:282, Fig. 43] Notes: [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] No locality [Gulf of Guinea on BMNH ledger sheet]. Current status: Valid as Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas, disjunct (including Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine. (brachychier) [West American Scientist v. 6 (no. 48); ref. 1251] Cortez Banks, off San Diego, California, U.S.A., depth 45 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine. (ejectus) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 5 (no. 3); ref. 4561] Lord Howe Island. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine. (hoffmanni) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Atlantic, 36°45'N, 74°28'30"W, Albatross station D.2731, depth 781 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845). Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Scopelopsis Brauer, 1906 - lanternfishes [=Scopelopsis Brauer [A.], 1906:146] Notes: [ref. 632]. Fem. Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Scopelopsis Brauer, 1906 -- (Paxton 1979:17 [ref. 6440], Moser et al. 1984:220 [ref. 13645], Paxton et al. 1984:241 [ref. 13625], Hulley 1986:318 [ref. 5672], Paxton et al. 1989:268 [ref. 12442], Paxton & Hulley 1999:1958 [ref. 24748], Paxton et al. 2006:529 [ref. 28994], Paxton & Bray 2008:293 [ref. 30633]). Current status: Valid as Scopelopsis Brauer, 1906. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae.

Species Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906 - multispotted lanternfish [=Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer [A.], 1906:146, Fig. 71, Scopelopsis caudalis Whitley [G. P.], 1932:333, Lampanyctus longipinnis Regan [C. T.], 1916:140, Pl. 6 (fig. 9)] Notes: [Die Tiefsee-Fische v. 15; ref. 632] Off Cape of Good Hope, 33°23'04"S, 16°19'04"E, South Africa, Valdivia station 91, depth 2000 meters. Current status: Valid as Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine. (caudalis) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 18 (no. 6); ref. 4674] Lagoon beach at Lord Howe Island. Current status: Synonym of Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906. Myctophidae. Habitat: marine. (longipinnis) [British Antarctic ("Terra Nova") Expedition (1910-1913). Zoology v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 15063] 33°12'S, 171°05'E, northeast of Three Kings Island, New Zealand, depth 3 meters. Current status: Synonym of Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906. Myctophidae: Gymnoscopelinae. Habitat: marine.

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Unavailable names, uncertain taxa (genera)

Scopelus (subgenus of Myctophum) Fraser-Brunner [A.] 1949:1054 [ref. 1496]. Masc. Gasteropelecus humboldti Risso 1810 (= Myctophus boops Richardson, fide Bolin). Apparently not an original description; attributed to Cuvier by Fraser-Brunner, with stated type as G. humboldti Risso (but evidently misidentified). •In the synonymy of Symbolophorus Bolin & Wisner 1959 -- (Krefft & Bekker 1973:197 [ref. 7181]). Current status: Uncertain as Symbolophorus Bolin & Wisner 1959. Myctophidae: Myctophinae.

Serpe Risso [A.] 1810:356 [ref. 3755]. Masc. A vernacular name but used in text in combination with humboldti, an available species name; Latinized as Gasteropelecus in index on p. xxxvi. See Serpa. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae.

(species) coruscans, Myctophum Richardson [J.] 1845:40, Pl. 27 (figs. 1-5) [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Between St. Helena and Ascension Island; and between Australia and New Zealand. No types known. •Questionably a synonym of Gonichthys barnesi Whitley 1943 -- (Paxton 1979:11 [ref. 6440], see Mundy 2005:221 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Uncertain as Gonichthys barnesi Whitley 1943. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. imperceptum, Myctophum Becker [V. E.] & Borodulina [O. D.] 1971:422 [332], Fig. 4 [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 11 (no. 3); ref. 484] Pacific, 9°30'S, 156°30'E, Vityas station 6052, surface. Holotype: ZIN 39910. Paratypes: (3). On p. 332 of English translation. Based on specimens and literature citations. •Questionably a synonym of Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning 1928 -- (Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning 1928. Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Distribution: Pacific. Habitat: marine. indicus, Scopelus Day [F.] 1877:507, Pl. 118 (fig. 2) [The fishes of India Part 3; ref. 4886] Vizagapatam, India. Holotype (unique): ZSI F1337 (disintegrated). Day specimens: BMNH 1889.2.1.22322-34 (3), NMW 58448 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:155 [ref. 23762]. •Questionably valid as Myctophum indicum (Day 1877) -- (Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Myctophum indicum (Day 1877). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. microps, Myctophum (Nyctophus) Brauer [A.] 1904:400, Fig. 8 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Indian Ocean west of Chagos Archipelago, 4°05'08"S, 70°01'9"E, Valdivia station 226. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17596. •Questionably valid as Diaphus microps (Brauer 1904) -- (Paxton 1979:8 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Diaphus microps (Brauer 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine. novaeseelandiae, Scopelus (Myctophum) Steindachner [F.] 1900:177 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 37 (no. 16) (for 21 June 1900); ref. 20498] New Zealand. Holotype (unique): UMB 4667 (apparently lost). Type catalog: Wahlert 1955:326 [ref. 21527]. Species originally as novae seelandiae, correction mandatory; later described in more detail in Steindachner 1900:513 [p. 31 of separate] [ref. 14892]. •Questionably valid in Myctophum -- (Paxton 1979:16 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Myctophum novaeseelandiae (Steindachner 1900). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. opalinum, Myctophum Goode [G. B.] & Bean [T. H.] 1896:72, Pl. 22 (fig. 81) [Special Bulletin U. S. National Museum No. 2; ref. 1848] Gulf Stream, western Atlantic. Lectotype: USNM 43808. Paralectotypes: MCZ 27684 [ex USNM 43799] (1); USNM 43798-99 (11, 30), 43800 (1), 43802-07 (1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 20), 43809 (1), 92816 (1), 147799 [ex 43807] (1), 147800 and 147801 [ex 43808] (1, 1), 150700 (1). Lectotype established by Jordan & Evermann 1896:571 [ref. 2443] or else by Paxton 1979: [ref. 6440]. •Questionably a synonym of Myctophum affine (Lütken 1892) -- (Paxton 1979:15 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Myctophum affine (Lütken 1892). Myctophidae: Myctophinae. Habitat: marine. stilbius, Lampanyctus Gilbert [C. H.] 1908:235, Pl. 6 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Near Nukuhiva Island, Marquesas Group, depth 0-300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 75768. •Questionably a synonym of Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr 1928) -- (Paxton 1979:6 [ref. 6440], Hulley & Duhamel 2010:283 [ref. 30745]). Current status: Uncertain as Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. bonapartii, Scopelus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1850:449 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 22; ref. 1014] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN B-1150. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:11 [ref. 19576]. Apparently the same as Nyctophus bonaparatii Cocco 1838 and not an original description. Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. mediterranea, Lampanyctus gaussi var. Borodin [N. A.] 1928:12 [Bulletin Vanderbilt Oceanographic Museum v. 1 (art. 1); ref. 526] Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): VMM 131 (now at AMNH). •Questionably a synonym of Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer 1906) -- (Paxton 1979:14 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. reinhardti, Nyctimaster Jordan [D. S.] 1921:645, Fig. 2 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 59 (no. 2392); ref. 2419] Off lava flow from Mauna Loa, Alika, Kau District, Hawaii Island, Hawaiian Islands. Holotype: USNM 84095 (1 of 2). Paratypes: BPBM (2, poor condition), USNM 84095 (1 of 2). •Questionably valid as Lampanyctus reinhardti (Jordan 1921) -- (Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440], Mundy 2005:225 [ref. 28379]). Current status: Uncertain as Lampanyctus reinhardti (Jordan 1921). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine. sibogae, Promacheon Weber [M.] 1913:85, Fig. 29 [Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition; ref. 4602] Banda Sea, 3°58'S, 128°20'W, Siboga station 230, depth 2000 meters; Banda Sea, 4°30.2'S, 129°25'E, Siboga station 243, depth 1000 meters. Syntypes: ZMA 112630-31 (1, 1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:12 [ref. 19236]. •Questionably valid as Lampanyctus sibogae (Weber 1913) -- (Paxton 1979:13 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Lampanyctus sibogae (Weber 1913). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine. stilbius, Lampanyctus Gilbert [C. H.] 1908:235, Pl. 6 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 26 (pt 6); ref. 12299] Near Nukuhiva Island, Marquesas Group, depth 0-300 fathoms. Holotype (unique): USNM 75768. •Questionably a synonym of Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr 1928) -- (Paxton 1979:6 [ref. 6440], Hulley & Duhamel 2010:283 [ref. 30745]). Current status: Uncertain as Bolinichthys photothorax (Parr 1928). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. mediterranea, Lampanyctus gaussi var. Borodin [N. A.] 1928:12 [Bulletin Vanderbilt Oceanographic Museum v. 1 (art. 1); ref. 526] Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): VMM 131 (now at AMNH). •Questionably a synonym of Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer 1906) -- (Paxton 1979:14 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Lepidophanes gaussi (Brauer 1906). Myctophidae: Lampanyctinae. Habitat: marine. atkinsoni, Diaphus Fowler [H. W.] 1934:321, Fig. 75 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 85 (for 1933); ref. 1416] Verde Island Passage and Batangas Bay, Philippines, Albatross station D.5268, 13°42'N, 120°57'15"E, depth 170 fathoms. Holotype: USNM 93159. •Questionably a synonym of Diaphus whitleyi Fowler 1934 -- (Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Diaphus whitleyi Fowler 1934. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. engraulis, Scopelus Günther [A.] 1887:197, Pl. 51 (fig. C) [Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger v. 22 (pt 57); ref. 2013] Philippines, Challenger station 200, depth 250 fathoms. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1887.12.7.217. •Questionably a synonym of Diaphus coeruleus (Klunzinger 1871) -- (Paxton 1979:7 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Diaphus coeruleus (Klunzinger 1871). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. gracilis, Diaphus Kulikova [E. B.] 1961:21 [16], Fig. 13 [Trudy Instituta Okeanologii Imeni P.P. Shirshova v. 43; ref. 9360] Western Pacific, 7°19'S, 155°26'E, depth 960-0 meters. Holotype (unique): ZIN 36106. On p. 16 of English translation. •Questionably valid as Diaphus gracilis Kulikova 1961 -- (Paxton 1979:10 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Diaphus gracilis Kulikova 1961. Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine. microps, Myctophum (Nyctophus) Brauer [A.] 1904:400, Fig. 8 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 28 (no. 10); ref. 14868] Indian Ocean west of Chagos Archipelago, 4°05'08"S, 70°01'9"E, Valdivia station 226. Holotype (unique): ZMB 17596. •Questionably valid as Diaphus microps (Brauer 1904) -- (Paxton 1979:8 [ref. 6440]). Current status: Uncertain as Diaphus microps (Brauer 1904). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine. rivatoni, Diaphus Bourret [P.] 1985:69, Fig. 5; Pl. 1A [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 133 (art. 3); ref. 8105] Philippines, 13°56.5'N, 120°20.7'E, depth 128-143 meters. Holotype: MNHN 1984-0392. Paratypes: BMNH 1992.11.5.1 (1). Myctophidae: Diaphinae. Habitat: marine.