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ABSTRACT “Books Are Made out of Books”: a Study of Influence From ABSTRACT “Books Are Made Out of Books”: A Study of Influence from the Cormac McCarthy Archives Michael L. Crews, Ph.D Director: James E. Barcus, Ph.D. In December of 2007, the Southwestern Writers Collection, part of the Wittliff Collection of the Alkek Library at Texas State University, in San Marcos, Texas, acquired Cormac McCarthy’s literary papers. The collection contains early drafts, correspondence, and notes. Access to the archives makes possible scholarly investigations into influences on McCarthy’s work, a subject that, given the author’s reticence about discussing other writers, has been largely relegated to informed speculation. The following study moves scholarly interest in McCarthy’s influences away from speculation and toward a more solid foundation based on detailed manuscript research. By chronicling McCarthy’s references to writers, books, and thinkers in his correspondence, in working notes, and in marginalia found in early drafts, I have provided a reference guide that will serve other scholars engaged in the study of Cormac McCarthy’s influences. The work is composed primarily of alphabetized entries corresponding to the names of writers, artists, and thinkers found in the archives. For instance, the first entry is Edward Abbey, the last the ancient Greek philosopher Xenophanes. Each entry describes the location of the reference in the archives by identifying the box and folder in which it is contained, and describes the context of its appearance. For instance, the reference to Edward Abbey appears in Box 19, Folder 14, which contains McCarthy’s notes for Suttree. It refers to a specific passage in Abbey’s book Desert Solitaire. Having identified the location of the reference, I then describe the passage from Abbey’s book and explain the way in which McCarthy used ideas and images from it in a scene from Suttree. Some entries are relatively short, while others, if the influence of the writer on McCarthy is significant, are long essays. In addition to the descriptions of the archival material and the relationship of that material to McCarthy’s published works, I draw conclusions about McCarthy’s methods of composition, arguing that he is less interested in the thematic possibilities inherent in his sources than he is in the aesthetic possibilities they provide as raw material to be incorporated into his own work. “Books Are Made Out of Books”: A Study of Influence from the Cormac McCarthy Archives by Michael L. Crews, B.A., M.A. A Dissertation Approved by the Department of English ______________________________________ Dianna M. Vitanza, Ph.D., Chairperson Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Baylor University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved by the Dissertation Committee ____________________________________ James E. Barcus, Ph.D., Chairperson ____________________________________ Luke Ferretter, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Sarah K. Ford, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Stuart E. Rosenbaum, Ph.D. ____________________________________ Richard R. Russell, Ph.D. Accepted by the Graduate School May 2014 _________________________________ J. Larry Lyon, Ph.D., Dean Page bearing signatures is kept on file in the Graduate School. Copyright © 2014 by Michael L. Crews All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS…….. .................................................. …………………..vii DEDICATION............................................................................................................ ix CHAPTER ONE Introduction: Books Out of Books ............................................................................. 1 T is for Texas, T is for Tennessee: Cormac McCarthy’s Literary Journey .. 4 The Wittliff Collection .................................................................................... 9 Literary Influence and the Novels of Cormac McCarthy………………….16 CHAPTER TWO Alphabetical List of Authors ....................................................................................24 Abbey, Edward (1927-1989) ..........................................................................24 Agee, James (1909-1955) ................................................................................28 Algren, Nelson (1909-1981) ...........................................................................30 Bellow, Saul (1915-2005) ................................................................................32 Beowulf (ca. Eighth Century) .........................................................................37 Brennan, Joseph Girard (1910-2004) .............................................................43 Brown, Christy (1932-1981) ...........................................................................45 Byron, George Gordon, Lord (1788-1824) ....................................................47 Carroll, Lewis (1832-1898) .............................................................................48 Chatwin, Bruce (1940-1989) ...........................................................................51 Clarke, Arthur C. (1917-2008) .......................................................................57 Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)...........................................................................58 Davenport, Guy (1927-2005) .........................................................................60 Davidson, Donald (1893-1968) ......................................................................62 De Vries, Peter (1910-1993) ............................................................................66 Dillard, Annie (b. 1945) .................................................................................70 Ericson, Eric B. (Dates Unknown) and Goesta Wollin (1912-1995)............74 Farrell, James T. (1904-1979)..........................................................................75 Flaubert, Gustave (1821-1880) .......................................................................76 Foucault, Michel (1926-1984).........................................................................90 Fraser, Julius Thomas (1923-2010) ................................................................97 Ginsberg, Allen (1926-1997) ........................................................................ 103 Graves, John (b. 1920) .................................................................................. 105 Graves, Robert (1895-1985) .......................................................................... 110 v Hansen, Ron (b. 1947) .................................................................................. 113 Hardy, Thomas (1840-1928) ........................................................................ 116 Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1804-1864) ............................................................. 116 Hoagland, Edward (b. 1932) ....................................................................... 118 Joyce, James (1882-1941) .............................................................................. 122 Jung, Carl Gustav (1875-1961) ..................................................................... 125 Kierkegaard, Soren (1813-1855) .................................................................. 132 Krutch, Joseph Wood (1893-1970) .............................................................. 139 Lampedusa, Giuseppe Tomasi di (1896-1957) ........................................... 142 Leone, Sergio (1929-1989) ............................................................................ 144 Leopold, Aldo (1887-1948) .......................................................................... 147 Lewis, Wyndham (1882-1957) ..................................................................... 149 Mailer, Norman (1923-2007)........................................................................ 158 The Malleus Maleficarum (1487) .................................................................... 159 Massinger, Philip (1583-1640) ..................................................................... 163 Maryland: A Guide to the Old Line State (1940) ............................................ 164 Melville, Herman (1818-1891) ..................................................................... 166 Miller, Henry (1891-1980) ............................................................................ 168 Nordau, Max (1849-1923) ............................................................................ 172 O’Connor, Mary Flannery (1925-1964) ....................................................... 175 Ondaatje, Michael (b. 1943) ......................................................................... 178 Poe, Edgar Allan (1809-1849) ...................................................................... 180 Shakespeare William (1564-1616) ............................................................... 183 Spengler, Oswald (1880-1936) ..................................................................... 186 Steinbeck, John (1902-1968) ......................................................................... 194 Stephenson, Carl (1893-1954) ...................................................................... 196 Tabula Smaragdina ......................................................................................... 198 Thompson, Francis (1859-1907) .................................................................. 202 Tolstoy, Leo (1828-1910) .............................................................................. 204 Trumbo, Dalton (1905-1976) .......................................................................
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