IJCNLP 2011 Proceedings of the Workshop on Language Resources,Technology and Services in the Sharing Paradigm
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A Semantic Model for Integrated Content Management, Localisation and Language Technology Processing
A Semantic Model for Integrated Content Management, Localisation and Language Technology Processing Dominic Jones1, Alexander O’Connor1, Yalemisew M. Abgaz2, David Lewis1 1 & 2 Centre for Next Generation Localisation 1Knowledge and Data Engineering Group, 1School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland {Dominic.Jones, Alex.OConnor, Dave.Lewis}@scss.tcd.ie 2School of Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland 2 [email protected] Abstract. Providers of products and services are faced with the dual challenge of supporting the languages and individual needs of the global customer while also accommodating the increasing relevance of user-generated content. As a result, the content and localisation industries must now evolve rapidly from manually processing predicable content which arrives in large jobs to the highly automated processing of streams of fast moving, heterogeneous and unpredictable content. This requires a new generation of digital content management technologies that combine the agile flow of content from developers to localisers and consumers with the data-driven language technologies needed to handle the volume of content required to feed the demands of global markets. Data-driven technologies such as statistical machine translation, cross-lingual information retrieval, sentiment analysis and automatic speech recognition, all rely on high quality training content, which in turn must be continually harvested based on the human quality judgments made across the end-to-end content processing flow. This paper presents the motivation, approach and initial semantic models of a collection of research demonstrators where they represent a part of, or a step towards, documenting in a semantic model the multi-lingual semantic web. -
Standardisation Action Plan for Clarin
Standardisation Action Plan for Clarin State: Proposal to CLARIN community Nuria Bel, Jonas Beskow, Lou Boves, Gerhard Budin, Nicoletta Calzolari, Khalid Choukri, Erhard Hinrichs, Steven Krauwer, Lothar Lemnitzer, Stelios Piperidis, Adam Przepiorkowski, Laurent Romary, Florian Schiel, Helmut Schmidt, Hans Uszkoreit, Peter Wittenburg August 2009 Summary This document describes a proposal for a Standardisation Action Plan (SAP) for the Clarin initiative in close synchronization with other relevant initiatives such as Flarenet, ELRA, ISO and TEI. While Flarenet is oriented towards a broader scope since it is also addressing standards that are typically used in industry, CLARIN wants to be more focussed in its statements to the research domain. Due to the overlap it is agreed that the Flarenet and CLARIN documents on standards need to be closely synchronized. This note covers standards that are generic (XML, UNICODE) as well as standards that are domain specific where naturally the LRT community has much more influence. This Standardization Action Plan wants to give an orientation for all practical work in CLARIN to achieve a harmonized domain of language resources and technology stepwise and therefore its core message is to overcome fragmentation. To meet these goals it wants to keep its message as simple as possible. A web-site will be established that will contain more information about examples, guidelines, explanations, tools, converters and training events such as summer schools. The organization of the document is as follows: • Chapter 1: Introduction to the topic. • Chapter 2: Recommended standards that CLARIN should endorse page 4 • Chapter 3: Standards that are emerging and relevant for CLARIN page 8 • Chapter 4: General guidelines that need to be followed page 12 • Chapter 5: Reference to community practices page 14 • Chapter 6: References This document tries to be short and will give comments, recommendations and discuss open issues for each of the standards. -
Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Language Resources and Interoperability, Pages 1–8, Sydney, July 2006
COLING •ACL 2006 MLRI’06 Multilingual Language Resources and Interoperability Proceedings of the Workshop Chairs: Andreas Witt, Gilles Sérasset, Susan Armstrong, Jim Breen, Ulrich Heid and Felix Sasaki 23 July 2006 Sydney, Australia Production and Manufacturing by BPA Digital 11 Evans St Burwood VIC 3125 AUSTRALIA c 2006 The Association for Computational Linguistics Order copies of this and other ACL proceedings from: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) 209 N. Eighth Street Stroudsburg, PA 18360 USA Tel: +1-570-476-8006 Fax: +1-570-476-0860 [email protected] ISBN 1-932432-82-5 ii Table of Contents Preface .....................................................................................v Organizers . vii Workshop Program . ix Lexical Markup Framework (LMF) for NLP Multilingual Resources Gil Francopoulo, Nuria Bel, Monte George, Nicoletta Calzolari, Monica Monachini, Mandy Pet and Claudia Soria . 1 The Role of Lexical Resources in CJK Natural Language Processing Jack Halpern . 9 Towards Agent-based Cross-Lingual Interoperability of Distributed Lexical Resources Claudia Soria, Maurizio Tesconi, Andrea Marchetti, Francesca Bertagna, Monica Monachini, Chu-Ren Huang and Nicoletta Calzolari. .17 The LexALP Information System: Term Bank and Corpus for Multilingual Legal Terminology Consolidated Verena Lyding, Elena Chiocchetti, Gilles Sérasset and Francis Brunet-Manquat . 25 The Development of a Multilingual Collocation Dictionary Sylviane Cardey, Rosita Chan and Peter Greenfield. .32 Multilingual Collocation Extraction: Issues and Solutions Violeta Seretan and Eric Wehrli . 40 Structural Properties of Lexical Systems: Monolingual and Multilingual Perspectives Alain Polguère . 50 A Fast and Accurate Method for Detecting English-Japanese Parallel Texts Ken’ichi Fukushima, Kenjiro Taura and Takashi Chikayama . 60 Evaluation of the Bible as a Resource for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Peter A. -
Euractiv Proposal
EurActiv Proposal Andrzej Zydroń MBCS CTO XTM International, Balázs Benedek CTO Easyling Andrzej Zydroń CTO XTM-Intl • 37 years in IT , 25 of those related to Localization • Member of British Computer Society • Chief Technical Architect @ Xerox , Ford , XTM International • 100% track record design and delivery of complex systems for European Patent Office , Xerox , Oxford University , Ford , XTM International • Expert on computional aspects of L10N and related Open Standards • Co-founder XTM International • Technical Architect of XTM Cloud • Open Standard Technical Committees: LISA OSCAR GMX LISA OSCAR xml:tm LISA OSCAR TBX W3C ITS OASIS XLIFF OASIS Translation Web Services OASIS DITA Translation OASIS OAXAL ETSI LIS Interoperability Now! TIPP and XLIFF:doc XTM International – company background • XTM International was formed in 2002 • Independent TMS & CAT tool developer • Software development & support teams based in Poland • Sales & Marketing in UK and Ireland • XTM Cloud was launched 2010 & is available as: – Public cloud – Accessed on XTM International’s servers – Private cloud – Installed on your servers – 100% Open Standards based : OAXAL – Open APIs, infinitely scalable modular SOA Architecture design – Next Generation SaaS TMS/CAT solution XTM International – The Team • 50 People • 30 man software development team • All Software engineers have Computer Science MSc • Efficient and effective Software Support Team • Extensive experience in 3rd party systems integration , including: XTM Cloud design principles • XML - XTM is built -
Standardization Work Isotiger Transcription of Spoken Language CQLF: Corpus Query Lingua Franca
Recent Initiatives towards New Standards for Language Resources Gottfried Herzog1, Ulrich Heid2, Thorsten Trippel3, Piotr Ba´nski4, Laurent Romary5, Thomas Schmidt4, Andreas Witt4, Kerstin Eckart6 1DIN Deutsches Institut fur¨ Normung e. V., Berlin, 2Universit¨at Hildesheim, 3Universit¨at Tubingen,¨ 4Institut fur¨ Deutsche Sprache, Mannheim, 5Inria, 6Universit¨at Stuttgart E-mail: [email protected] Standardization Work Transcription of spoken language • Who? A representation format to compare, interchange and combine { Experts from industry, academia and administrations orthography-based transcriptions of spoken language. { Experts are nominated { based on expertise and interest The standard is developed in cooperation with TEI proposals in the field. [Schmidt 2011] { ISO committee TC 37/SC 4 and national mirror committees, Based on e.g. for Germany: Normenausschuss NA-105-00-06 AA • State of the art tools and formats for creating, editing, Sprachressourcen publishing and querying transcribed data DIN { Deutsches Institut f¨ur Normung e.V. • Widely used transcription systems • How? { Stepwise procedures: Encoded components Example on handout Proposals { working drafts { (draft) international standards • Metadata: based on TEI header { Consensus-based: drafting { commenting { ballot • Macrostructure: timeline, single and grouped utterances, { National standards organizations provide infrastructure elements outside utterances (e.g. <pause> and <incident>) • Microstructure: Excerpt of the list of standards and standard proposals by ISO -
Mise En Page 1
Catalogue général Janvier 2019 27-37 St George’s Road – London SW19 4EU — United Kingdom www.iste-editions.fr – www.openscience.fr – www.iste.co.uk – www.istegroup.com Table des matières Table of contents Organisation éditoriale, SCIENCES .................................................................................. 4 Biologie, médecine et santé • Biology, Medecine and Health ........................................ 7 Bioingénierie médicale • Biomedical Engineering ................................................................ 8 Biologie • Biology ................................................................................................................. 11 Ingénierie de la santé et société • Health Engineering and Society ..................................... 12 Chimie • Chemistry ............................................................................................................ 17 Agriculture, science des aliments et nutrition ....................................................................... 18 Agriculture, Food Science and Nutrition Chimie • Chemistry ............................................................................................................... 20 Écologie et environnement • Ecology and Environment ................................................ 23 Écologie • Ecological Sciences ............................................................................................ 24 Environnement • Environmental Sciences ........................................................................... 28 -
A Method for Reusing and Re-Engineering Non-Ontological Resources for Building Ontologies
Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial Facultad de Informatica´ PhD Thesis A Method for Reusing and Re-engineering Non-ontological Resources for Building Ontologies Author : Msc. Boris Marcelo Villazon´ Terrazas Advisor : Prof. Dr. Asuncion´ Gomez´ Perez´ 2011 ii Tribunal nombrado por el Sr. Rector Magfco. de la Universidad Politecnica´ de Madrid, el d´ıa...............de.............................de 20.... Presidente : Vocal : Vocal : Vocal : Secretario : Suplente : Suplente : Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el d´ıa..........de......................de 20...... en la E.T.S.I. /Facultad...................................................... Calificacion´ .................................................................................. EL PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO iii iv Abstract Current well-known methodologies for building ontologies do not consider the reuse and possible subsequent re-engineering of existing knowledge resources. The ontologization of non-ontological resources has led to the design of several specific methods, techniques and tools. These are mainly specific to a particular resource type, or to a particular resource implementation. Thus, everytime ontol- ogy engineers are confronted with the task of re-engineering a new resource into an ontology, they develop ad-hoc solutions for transforming such resource into a single ontology. Within the context of the NeOn project, we propose a novel methodology for building ontology networks: the NeOn Methodology, a methodology based on sce- narios. One -
LMF for a Selection of African Languages Chantal Enguehard, Mathieu Mangeot
LMF for a selection of African Languages Chantal Enguehard, Mathieu Mangeot To cite this version: Chantal Enguehard, Mathieu Mangeot. LMF for a selection of African Languages. Francopoulo, Gil. LMF: Lexical Markup Framework, theory and practice, Hermès science, pp.8, 2013. hal-00959228 HAL Id: hal-00959228 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959228 Submitted on 1 Apr 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Chapter 71 LMF for a selection of African Languages Chantal Enguehard LINA, 2 rue de la Houssiniere, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France Mathieu Mangeot GETALP-LIG, 41 rue des Mathématiques, BP 53 F-38041 GRENOBLE CEDEX 9 7.1. Introduction Electronic resources are scarce regarding less-resourced languages, so it is wise to take published dictionaries and convert them into a standard format usable by automated tools for natural language processing. We introduce the notion of less- resourced languages and then discuss the methodology of conversion that we have defned and implemented. The fourth part presents examples of conversion from the initial published format to the LMF format. The last part describes some diffculties encountered when representing certain information into LMF format. -
An Experiment in Lexical Information Extraction
LEXIE - an Experiment in Lexical Information Extraction John J. Camilleri Michael Rosner Dept. Intelligent Computer Systems Dept. Intelligent Computer Systems University of Malta University of Malta MSD2080 Msida, Malta MSD2080 Msida, Malta john @johnjcamilleri.com mike.rosner @um.edu.mt Abstract to the general approach adopted there. However, the This document investigates the possibility of ex- two main differences we see between their approach tracting lexical information automatically from and ours are that (a) Boguraev’s work was oriented the pages of a printed dictionary of Maltese. An rather heavily towards the GPSG grammatical frame- experiment was carried out on a small sample work and (b) they were able to access the original of dictionary entries using hand-crafted rules to source tapes of the dictionary. The input they used parse the entries. Although the results obtained was therefore faithful to the orginal. were quite promising, a major problem turned out to errors introduced by OCR and the incon- In our case we had to rely upon OCR input as de- sistent style adopted for writing dictionary en- scribed further in section 4. The inherent errors caused tries. certain problems. One of the aims of this work is to establish a viable method for extracting lexical entries for lesser-studied languages lacking the usual battery of language re- Keywords sources in machine readable form. Most languages of the world fall into this category. The availability of a lexicon extraction, lexical information, lexicon, semitic paper dictionary, is, however, fairly widespread, even for exotic languages so that the methods being pro- posed could provide a robust alternative to dictionary 1 Introduction extraction for a relatively large number of languages. -
PANACEA Project Grant Agreement No.: 248064
SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME THEME 3 Information and communication Technologies PANACEA Project Grant Agreement no.: 248064 Platform for Automatic, Normalized Annotation and Cost-Effective Acquisition of Language Resources for Human Language Technologies D5.1 Parallel technology tools and resources Dissemination Level: Public Delivery Date: July 16th 2010 Status – Version: Final v1.0 Author(s) and Affiliation: Pavel Pecina (DCU), Antonio Toral (DCU), Gregor Thurmair (LinguaTec), Andy Way (DCU) Parallel technology tools and resources Table of contents Table of contents ........................................................................................................................... 1 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 4 2 Terminology .......................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Acronyms ....................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Related documents ......................................................................................................... 6 3 Task description .................................................................................................................... 6 3.1 Alignment ..................................................................................................................... -
Toward an Architecture for the Global Wordnet Initiative
1 Toward an Architecture for the Global Wordnet Initiative Andrea Marchetti 1, Maurizio Tesconi 1, Francesco Ronzano 1, Marco Rosella 1 Francesca Bertagna 2, Monica Monachini 2, Claudia Soria 2, Nicoletta Calzolari 2, Chu-Ren Huang 3, Shu-Kai Hsieh 3 1Istituto di Informatica e Telematica-CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy {andrea.marchetti, maurizio.tesconi, francesco.ronzano, marco.rosella}@iit.cnr.it 2Istituto di Linguistica Computazionale-CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy {francesca.bertagna, monica.monachini, claudia.soria, nicoletta.calzolari}@ilc.cnr.it, 3Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, [email protected], [email protected] handle and define the semantics of data. As a consequence, we Abstract — Enhancing the development of multilingual lexicons have assisted to the first attempts of integration of lexical is of foremost importance for intercultural collaboration to take resource in the Semantic Web infrastructure and content place, as multilingual lexicons are the cornerstone of several organization model. Nevertheless, large-scale multilingual multilingual applications. However, the development and maintenance of large-scale, robust multilingual dictionaries is a lexical resources are not as widely available and are very tantalizing task. Moreover, Semantic Web’s growing interest costly to construct. towards the availability of high-quality lexical resources and their The previous trend in lexical resource was oriented to multilingual interoperability, is focusing more and more attention maximization of effort by building large-scale, general- on this topic. In this paper we present a tool, based on a web purpose lexicons. However, these lexical resources are not service architecture, enabling semi-automatic generation of always satisfactory despite the tremendous amount of work bilingual lexicons through linking of distributed monolingual lexical resources. -
Metadata-Group Report
Open and Flexible Metadata in Localization How often have you tried to open a Translation Memory (TM) created with one computer-aided translation (CAT) tool in another CAT tool? I assume pretty often. In the worst case, you cannot open the TM. In the best case, you can open it, but data and metadata are lost. You aren’t able to tell which strings have been locked, which are under review and so on. The standard Translation Memory eXchange (TMX), developed by the Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA)’s standards committee called OSCAR (Open Standards for Container/content Allowing Reuse) undoubtedly makes the exchange of TM data easier and does not lock the translators in a specific tool or tool provider. Also, the standard XML Localisation Interchange File Format (XLIFF), developed under the auspices of the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) is an interchange file format which exchanges localization data and can be used to exchange data between companies, such as a software publisher and a localization vendor, or even between localization tools. Both TMX and XLIFF are important standards for the localization process. These standards have their own format, though the synergy is there: XLIFF’s current version 1.2 borrows from the TMX 1.2 specification, and the inline markup XLIFF support in TMX 2.0 is currently in progress. There is a range of standard data formats, apart from TMX and XLIFF, such as darwin information typing architecture (DITA), attached to OASIS, Internationalization Tag Set (ITS), put out by W3C, Segmentation Rules eXchange (SRX), affiliated with LISA/OSCAR along with Global Information Management Metrics eXchange-Volume (GMX-V) and so on.