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ENCU Bulletin 2St Quarter 07.Qxd EMERGENCY NUTRITION QUARTERLY BULLETIN (Second Quarter 2007) Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit Early Warning Department (Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency) Figure 1 INSIDE SNNP REGION SILTI WOREDA, Page 2 BONA WOREDA, Page 2 DALE & ALETA WONDO WOREDAS, Page 3 OROMIA REGION META ROBI/ADA BERGA & ABUNA GINDBERET WOREDAS, Page 5 MELKA BELLO WOREDA, Page 6 AFAR REGION CHIFRA WOREDA, Page 8 SOMALI REGION ELKARE & HARGELE WOREDAS, Page 9 TIGRAY REGION A total of 16 nutrition surveys were conducted by SCUK, GOAL, ACF, WV-Ethiopia, Page 11 SCUSA, RENCU/DPPB in SNNPR, Afar, Somali and Tigray regions between late March and early June 2007. Twelve nutrition surveys were carried out in the predom- QUALITY CHECK OF ANTHROPOMETRY DATA FROM NUTRITION SURVEYS inantly cropping areas of Oromia, SNNPR and Tigray regions during the late post-har- Page 13 vest meher season while the remaining four were conducted in the pastoral areas of Somali and Afar regions. The prevalence of global acute malnutrition was below 10 DATA QUALITY CHECK OF EOS MUAC SCREENING percent in all surveyed woredas of Tigray, Oromia and SNNPR except in Bona in Page 15 SNNPR where Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) was 16.4 percent. GAM was also slightly above 10 percent in Chifra and in the surveyed pastoral areas as shown in fig- NUTRITION SURVEY DATABASE Page 15 ure 2. The summary findings of the surveys conducted are presented and discussed in subsequent sections. Figure 1 presents nutrition intervention programmes, nutrition PERFORMANCE OF EMERGENCY NUTRI- survey coverage and EOS at woreda level. TION INTERVENTION PROGRAMMES Page 15 Figure 2 UPDATE ON THE PROGRESS OF NUTRI- Nutrition Survey Results - Ethiopia TION CLUSTER ROLL OUT IN ETHIOPIA April - June 2007 Page 17 18 SUMMARY FINDINGS OF MUAC, WFH AND 16 BODY-SHAPE RESEARCH STUDY 14 Page 17 12 10 8 6 4 2 Prevalence ofPrevalence acute malnutrition (%) 0 Silti Bona Chifra ENCU/DPPA Melka Bello Elkare/Hargele Raya Valley LZ Addis Ababa Eastern Platu LZ Abuna Gindberet Dale/AW Cofee LZ Middle Tekeze LZ Werie Catchment LZ West Central Teff LZ Atsbi W. Highland LZ Tel. (011) 5 523556 Central Mixed Crop LZ Meta Robi/Ada Berga Enderta Dry Midland LZ e-mail: [email protected] http://www.dppc.gov.et Severe Acute Malnutrition Moderate Acute Malnutrition ENCU June 30, 2007 Page 1 SNNP REGION SILTE ZONE meher & the current belg seasons. The communities interviewed rated the live- Silti Woreda stock and pasture conditions as average A 23 by 33 cluster nutrition survey using (42.4 percent) and good (63.6 percent) the SMART methodology was conduct- respectively. ed by GOAL in Silti woreda in March 2007 to serve as an end line evaluation Conclusion & Recommendations: of its CTC programme that had been The prevalence of global acute malnutri- implemented for eight months and hand- tion (8.9 percent) was relatively lower ed over to the woreda health sector in than in 2006 at the same season indicat- January 2007. A total of 763 children ing an improvement. Mortality was with- aged 6-59 months were surveyed. in acceptable limits. This was an indica- Retrospective mortality information was tion of the normal food security situation collected from 2690 individuals using 90 in the woreda at the time of the survey. days recall period. The Data were However, there was no improvement in analysed using Nutrisurvey SMART soft- vaccination coverage. Access to clean ware. water remained a concern to be addressed in the woreda. It was recom- Nutrition: The prevalence of GAM was mended to improve vaccination cover- estimated at 8.9 percent with 0.7 per- age and assure proper close monitoring cent Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) during the upcoming hunger season. while bilateral oedema was 0.1 percent. GAM was relatively higher among young SIDAMA ZONE (6-29 months) than among older chil- dren (30-59 months). Compared with Bona Woreda May 2006 survey results with GAM of A mult-agency standard nutrition 20 x36 12.2 percent, the level of malnutrition in cluster survey using the SMART 2007 had decreased though not statisti- methodology was conducted in Bona cally significant. The prevalence of mal- Woreda in May 2007 after rapid assess- nutrition was classified as poor based on ment results indicated a deteriorating the national assessment guideline and nutritional status in April. A sample size typical in Ethiopian context. of 720 children aged 6-59 months partic- ipated in the survey. Health: Mortality rates with CMR at 0.11/10,000/day and under five mortality Silti Woreda Nutrition: The prevalence of global and rate at 0.16/10,000/day fell below the severe acute malnutrition was as 16.4 average levels for developing countries. and 3.2 percent respectively. No a single Compared with May 2006 sur- Both crude and under five death rates oedema case was reported. MUAC vey results with GAM of 12.2 had decreased compared to the May results mirrored that estimates by WHZ. percent, the level of malnutri- 2006 levels of 0.46 and 0.94/10,000/day No significant different between boys tion in 2007 had decreased respectively. Morbidity in children was and girls. The levels of malnutrition were though not statistically signifi- estimated at 23.9 percent with acute classified as critical according to the cant. watery diarrhea being top on the list of national guideline. Based on the SAM morbidities. Immunization coverage for prevalence of 3.2 percent as defined by BCG was 57.3 percent and measles WHZ-score it was estimated that a total Bona Woreda 75.1 percent. Vitamin A coverage was of 714 under five children needed thera- generally higher at 95.0 percent. About peutic and while 2943 were to be The levels of malnutrition 10 percent of the population has access enrolled in supplementary feeding inter- were classified as critical. to safe drinking water. Based on the SAM prevalence ventions. However, the admission crite- ria are based on weight for height per- of 3.2 percent as defined by Z- Livelihood/Food Security: According centage median bringing down the num- score it was estimated that a to the SNNPR Livelihood Profiles by ber of children that would be enrolled in total of 714 under-five children FewsNet in January 2006, large portion TFP and SFP to 434 and 2639 respec- needed therapeutic and while of the woreda lies within Alaba-Mareko tively. Bona is a newly established wore- 2943 were to be enrolled in Lowland Pepper LZ. It was reported that da, thus, no baseline data were avail- supplementary feeding inter- at the time of the survey the food securi- able for comparison. ventions. ty situation was satisfactory. The woreda received adequate rain during previous ENCU June 30, 2007 Page 2 Health: The CMR was found to be Dale and Aleta Wondo woredas 0.43/10,000/day while under five mortal- ity rate was 1.1/10,000/day. No baseline ACF conducted a 16 x 43 standard nutri- data on previous levels of death rate tion survey in the Coffee Livelihood was available in the woreda; however, Zone of Dale and Aleta Wondo woredas under five mortality rates indicated an as a follow up of the December 2006 emergency that was not critical accord- survey. At the time of preparing this bul- ing to the national guidelines. lettin survey report was still not yet sub- Retrospective morbidity two weeks pre- mitted to ENCU and hence the presen- ceding the survey indicated that Acute tation is limited to the anthropometry Waterly Diarrhoea (AWD) was most and mortality results. prevalent accounting for 36.8 percent of the total reported morbidity. Scabies The prevalence of global acute malnutri- ranked second with 19.1 percent. The tion was estimated at 9.1 percent and overall morbidity prevalence was mod- SAM at 0.9 percent. Despite that the est at 21.1 percent. current survey was conducted relatively in the hunger season, there was a statis- Measles immunization coverage both tically significant decrease in the level of routine and during Enhanced Outreach acute malnutrition from 16.4 percent Strategy (EOS) campaign was 77 per- GAM (CI: 13.7-19.2 percent) in cent, 11 percentage points higher than December 2006 to 9.1 percent (CI6.6- the national average. BCG confirmed by 11.6 percent) in June 2007. scar trailed at 46.1 percent far below the national average. Vitamin supplementa- The crude and under five mortality rates tion coverage in the last 6 months was were estimated at 0.05 and somewhat lower at 58.9 percent. Table 1 0.23/10,000/day respectively, far below summarises the survey results conduct- the emergency levels. Contrary to acute ed in SNNPR. Generally the assessed malnutrition, there was no significant and reported indicators varied consider- decrease in both crude and underfive ably across the woredas in the region. mortality rates betwewn the two sur- veys. Livelihood/Food Security: The main (94.4 percent) livelihood of the commu- nities in Bona is subsistence agriculture complemented by casual labour. ENCU However, at the time of survey, 23 per- cent of the interviewed households were purchasing food. About 63 percent of the interviewed households were eating two meals per day to cope with the dete- riorating food situation in the woreda. Food and nutrition interventions in the surveyed woreda are presented in Table 2. Conclusion: The nutritional status in the woreda was critical. SC/OTP pro- gramme was recommended and imme- Dale & Aleta Wondo diately initiated by Save the Children US Woredas in Ethiopia funded by UN OCHA. It was also recommended to strengthen the Despite that the current sur- EOS/ TSFP intervention in Bona includ- vey was conducted relatively ing distributing TSFP food on monthly in the hunger season, there basis rather than once in three months was a statistically significant to take care of children that were not decrease in the level of acute captured by the EOS screening pro- malnutrition from 16.4 percent gramme and prevent further worsening in December 2006 to 9.1 per- of the children's nutritional status.
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