DOCSLIB.ORG

Phyto-Diversity Studies in Kanasa Valley of Rakchham Chitkul Wild Life Sanctuary of District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh R

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phyto-Diversity Studies in Kanasa Valley of Rakchham Chitkul Wild Life Sanctuary of District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh R Biological Forum – An International Journal 9(1): 62-69(2017) ISSN No. (Print): 0975-1130 ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239 Phyto-Diversity Studies in Kanasa Valley of Rakchham Chitkul Wild life Sanctuary of District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh R. K. Verma Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Shimla-9 (Himachal Pradesh), INDIA (Corresponding author: R. K. Verma, [email protected]) (Received 16 December, 2016, Accepted 17 January, 2017) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ABSTRACT: A study was carried out in Kanasa valley of Rakchham Chitkul wild life sanctuary of district Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh to understand the phytodiversity along the altitudinal gradients with elevations varying in between 3000m to 3800m above msl during 2009-2010. Analysis of the data revealed that the composition of vegetation in Kanasa valley of the sanctuary showed the presence of total number of 130 plant species belonging to 43 families and 94 genera. The dominant families recorded were Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Ploygonaceae and Lamiaceae. The maximum number of tree species recorded along the altitudinal gradient was 8 with the dominance of Pinus wallichiana at 3000m-3400m and Abies pindrow at 3400m-3800m respectively. The number of shrub species recorded were 17 and 16 in the elevation of 3000m- 3400m and 3400-3800m having dominance of Rhododendron campanulatum at both the elevations. The number of herbs species recorded were 77 and 73 with the dominance of Nepeta laevigata at 3000m-3400m and Anaphalis contorta at 3400m-3800m elevations. The distribution pattern of species was mostly contiguous in the both the altitudinal ranges. Index of diversity for herb was 3.91 and 3.72 for 3000m-3400m and 3400m- 3800m elevations respectively. Out of 52 medicinal plant species recorded from the area, 10 species viz; Aconitum heterophyllum, Saussurea obvallata, Betula utilis, Meconopsis aculeata, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Taxus wallichiana, Aconitum violaceum, Heracleum lanatum, Polygonatum verticillatum, Rheum webbianum, Rhodiola heterodonta and Rhododendron anthopogon fall in the category of threatened plants. Keeping in view the diversity and the threat status of the species, conservation of natural resources through promotion of community based in-situ conservation has been stressed upon. Ex-situ conservation through tissue culture, development of suitable agro-techniques and conducting regular trainings on the procedure of medicinal plants collection, their processing amongst the end users have also been advocated. Key Words: Altitude, dominance, diversity index, distribution, threatened plant. INTRODUCTION biodiversity. If these naturally occurring plant resources are not conserved timely then they may soon become The diverse climate and the varied environmental extinct. The assessment of plant wealth in this conditions prevailing in the lap of Himalayas support sanctuary may provide a key for its conservation. diverse habitat and ecosystems with equally diverse life Keeping these aspects in view, a study was undertaken forms. Variations in terms of its size, climate and to know the phytosociology in Kanasa valley of altitudinal ranges, have created environments those are Rakchham Chitkul wild life sanctuary in district unique and characteristic to this region only. Himalayas Kinnaur of Himachal Pradesh. known for its rich and diverse plant wealth had shown a rapid decline in population of many plant species in MATERIALS AND METHODS recent past. Some of them have already been lost The present study was conducted in Kanasa valley of whereas many of them are in the verge of extinction. Rakchham Chitkul wild life sanctuary in district The current decline in biodiversity largely through Kinnaur of Himachal Pradesh during 2009-2010 at an human activities is a serious threat to our ecosystem. elevation of 3000-3800m. The study site was situated Hence, attempts are on to preserve this biodiversity in- 31° ° latitude and 78° site and ex-situ conservation. Rakchham-Chitkul 22.0’ 54.2” to 31 22.0’ 51.6” N ° longitudes. The whole wildlife sanctuary is one of the high altitude sanctuary 21.0’ 17.8” to 78 20.0’ 51.2” E area of the valley was divided into two altitudes i.e. established in 1962 in Kinnaur district of Himachal 3000-3400m and 3400-3800m for conducting the Pradesh. In this sanctuary, continuous removal of plant phyto-sociological study. species for various uses and overgrazing by migratory and other livestock infact, have resulted in loss of Verma 63 Quadrats of size 10mx10m, 3mx3m and 1mx1m laid species, N= total number of individuals of all the out randomly for enumerating trees, shrubs and herbs + species, H = Index of diversity. regeneration respectively. The seedlings were RESULTS AND DISCUSSION considered as herb while saplings as shrubs. The vegetation data was analyzed for density, frequency and The total number of plant species was 130 belonging to abundance according to formulas given by Curtis and 43 families and 94 genera. The dominant families were McIntosh (1950). The relative values of density, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, Ploygonaceae frequency and dominance were summed to get and Lamiaceae. At elevation of 3000-3400m, the total Importance Value Index (IVI) of individual species. number of tree species was 8 (Table 1). Pinus The abundance to frequency ratio (A/F) of different wallichiana was the dominant species having maximum species was determined for eliciting the distribution density (220ha-1) followed by Betula utilis, Abies pattern. This ratio indicates regular (<0.025), random pindrow and Picea smithiana. The maximum frequency (0.025 to 0.050) and contiguous (>0.050) distribution was observed for Betula utilis (75%) followed by Pinus (Curtis and Cottam, 1956). The plant species diversity wallichiana, Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana. In the was calculated by using Shannon-Wiener diversity term of abundance, Pinus wallichiana recorded the Index (H) (1963). highest value of (3.14) followed by Betula utilis, Picea S smithiana and Populus ciliata. Pinus wallichiana H= - Σ(Ni/N) ln (Ni/N) observed the highest value of the IVI (92.95) followed i=1 by Betula utilis (69.81), Abies pindrow (49.98) and Concentration of dominance (C) was measured by Picea smithiana (35.51). The ratio of abundance to Simpson’s Index (1949). frequency (A/F) indicates that the distribution pattern of S all the species was contiguous except Abies pindrow C= Σ (Ni/N)2 and Pinus wallichiana. The contiguous distribution is i=1 the commonest pattern in nature, random distribution is Where Ni = importance value of species i and N= total found in very uniform environment. The general importance value of all the species in both the indices. preponderance of contiguous distribution in vegetation Richness Index was estimated as per Margalef (1958) i had earlier been reported by several workers (Singh and .e. R = S-1/ln N; Evenness Index was calculated as per Yadava, 1974; Kunhikannan et al; 1998). Hill (1973) i. e. E = H/ ln S; Where S = total number of Table 1: Phytosciological attributes of tree species in Kanasa Nala area at 3000-3400m elevation. S. No. Name of the Species Density (ha-1) Frequency(%) Abundance A/F IVI 1 Abies pindrow Royle 135.00 60.00 2.25 0.04 49.98 2 Acer caesium Wall. Ex Brandis 30.00 15.00 2.00 0.13 11.03 3 Betula utilis D. Don 185.00 75.00 2.47 0.03 69.81 4 Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss. 95.00 40.00 2.38 0.06 35.51 5 Pinus wallichiana A. B. Jackson 220.00 70.00 3.14 0.04 92.95 6 Populus ciliata Wall. ex Royle 80.00 35.00 2.29 0.07 29.69 7 Sorbus lanata (D. Don) Schauer 10.00 5.00 2.00 0.40 3.68 8 Taxus wallichiana (Zucc.) Pilger 20.00 10.00 2.00 0.20 7.35 Among 17 species of shrubs at elevation 3000-3400m 77 at elevation 3000-3400m (Table 3). The most (Table 2). Salix fragilis was the dominant species dominant species was Nepeta laevigata having having maximum density (7555.56ha-1) and frequency maximum density (8.40 ha-1) followed by Geranium (80%). This was followed by Berberis jaeschkeana, wallichianum, Galium acutum and Ainsliaea latifolia. Rhododendron campanulatum and Rosa microphylla in The highest value of frequency was recorded for term of density. The highest value of abundance was Geranium wallichianum (83.33%) followed by Galium recorded for Hippophae salicifolia. Rhododendron acutum, Ainsliaea latifolia and Nepeta laevigata. In campanulatum recorded the highest value of IVI term of abundance, maximum value was observed for (62.45) followed by Salix fragilis (52.09), Berberis Trigonella emodi (22.50) followed by Pimpinella jaeschkeana (40.51) and Rosa macrophylla (28.81). diversifolia, Nepeta laevigata and Polygonatum The lowest IVI of 1.34 was observed for Sorbus multiflorum. On the basis of IVI, maximum value was microphylla. The distribution pattern of all the species recorded for Nepeta laevigata (17.44) followed by was contiguous except Syringa emodi. In case of herbs Geranium wallichianum (16.50), Bergenia stracheyi including regeneration, the total number of species was (15.33) and Polygonatum multiflorum (13.41). Verma 64 Table 2: Phytosciological attributes of shrub species in Kanasa Nala area at 3000-3400m elevation. S. No. Name of the Species Density (ha-1) Frequency(%) Abundance A/F IVI 1 Abies pindrow Royle 444.44 17.50 2.29 0.13 7.89 2 Berberis jaeschkeana C. K. Scheider 3472.22 40.00 7.81 0.20 40.51 3 Berberis coriaria Royle 972.22 20.00 4.38 0.22 9.20 4 Hippophae salicifolia D. Don 833.33 7.50 10.00 1.33 15.59 5 Lonicera hypoleuca Decne. 1305.56 32.50 3.62 0.11 12.46 6 Lonicera parviflora Edgew. 222.22 5.00 4.00 0.80 2.10 7 Picea smithiana *(Wall.) Boiss.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phenological Studies of Critically Endangered High Value Medicinal
    Phenological Studies of Critically Endangered High Value Medicinal Herbs: Picrorhiza kurroa and Saussurea costus Insub-Alpine Regions of Garhwal Hiamalya, Uttarakh and India Anand Singh Bisht Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, 246123 Bharsar Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, India Key words: Phenology, leaf fall, leaf flush, flowering, Abstract: The study of various periodic behaviours of fruiting, Garhwal Himalaya plant species or the phenology has great significance because it not only provides knowledge about the plant growth pattern but also provides the inferences on the effect of environment and selective pressure on flowering and fruiting behaviour. In this study,an attempt has been made to record such data regarding periods of leaf fall, leaf flushing, flowering, fruiting and all. This was done for a period of two years for two species viz. Picrorhiza kurroa and Saussurea costus of course which were somehow having medicinal properties and Corresponding Author: it was carried out in the VCGS UUHF Bharsar Anand Singh Bisht district of Pauri, Uttarakhand. In the study the leaf fall Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and peak period was found in last part of December, leaf Aromatic Plants, VCSG Uttarakhand University of flushing peak period in the month of march where as Horticulture and Forestry, 246123 Bharsar Pauri flowering and fruiting activity peak period was found Garhwal Uttarakhand, India during the month of May-June and July-August, respectively. So, this type of study will be helpful to give Page No.: 31-36 inferences in future whether the of climate change are Volume: 12, Issue 2, 2019 giving pressure on the periodic behaviour of plant species.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Patterns and Composition of Mixed Coniferous Forests Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan
    Vegetation patterns and composition of mixed coniferous forests Seite 159 135. Jahrgang (2018), Heft 2, S. 159–180 Vegetation patterns and composition of mixed coniferous forests along an altitudinal gradient in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan Vegetationsmuster und Zusammensetzung gemischter Nadelwälder entlang eines Höhengradienten im westlichen Himalaya Pakistans Shehzadi Saima 1,2, Adeela Altaf 2, Muhammad Hashim Faiz 2, Fozia Shahnaz 2, Guang Wu 1* Keywords: Western Himalayan, vegetation composition, multivariate analysis, species distribution, correlation, Pakistan Schlüsselbegriffe: Westlicher Himalaya, Vegetationszusammensetzung, multivariate Regression, Artenverteilung, Korrelation, Pakistan Abstract The present study was conducted to quantify the diversity of species, boundaries of the plant communities along the altitudinal gradient and correlation between en- vironmental factors and plant assemblage as little is known about the diversity and overall vegetation pattern of the study area. The study sites were located inside the Western Himalayan mixed coniferous forest at latitude ranging between 34°47'22"N 73°32'58"E in the Kaghan Valley (Pakistan). Altitude of the study sites ranges from 2100-3000 m a.s.l. The study area is characterized by having extensive development 1 College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian Shaanxi Province, 710119 P.R. China *Corresponding author: Guang Wu ([email protected]) 2 Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan Seite 160 S. Saima, A. Altaf, M. H. Faiz, F. Shahnaz, G. Wu of coniferous species which follows a typical structural sequence along the altitudi- nal gradient. Vegetation parameters were recorded from 20 sites during field survey. Soil samples from each site were collected for determining soil physical and chemical properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Fabaceae): a Critically Endangered Species in the Gilgit District, Pakistan
    ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Phyton (Horn, Austria) Vol. 48 Fasc. 2 211-223 9. 2. 2009 Conservation Status of Astragalus gilgitensis ALI {Fabaceae): a Critically Endangered Species in the Gilgit District, Pakistan Jan ALAM*) and Syed Irtifaq ALI*) With 3 Figures Received May 28, 2008 Key words: Astragalus gilgitensis, Fabaceae, Papilionaceae, conservation sta- tus, critically endangered, deforestation, over-grazing, population size. - Gilgit, Pa- kistan. Summary ALAM J. & ALI S. I. 2009. Conservation status of Astragalus gilgitensis ALI (Fa- baceae): a critically endangered species in Gilgit district, Pakistan. - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 48(2): 211-223, with 3 figures. Astragalus gilgitensis ALI {Fabaceae, Papilionaceae) is distributed in Afghani- stan (Kail, Laghman district) and Pakistan (Nomal, Naltar and Chalt, Gilgit district). Originally, it was reported from the Gilgit district. In Pakistan, a current five-year re-assessment reveals that this species has now become restricted to Naltar only. Ten field surveys were conducted from 2003 to 2007 in order to study its distribution, population size, the severity of threats like erosion and anthropogenic impacts i.e. over-grazing, deforestation for fuel wood and recreational activities in the natural habitat of the species. The conservation status of this species according to IUCN Red list Categories and Criteria 2001 should be regarded as critically endangered (CR) in Pakistan. Zusammenfassung ALAM J. & ALI S. I. 2009. Conservation status of Astragalus gilgitensis ALI (Fa- baceae): a critically endangered species in Gilgit district, Pakistan. [Schutzstatus von Astragalus gilgitensis ALI (Fabaceae): eine kritisch gefährdete Art im Gilgit Distrikt, Pakistan] - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 48(2): 211-223, mit 3 Abbildungen.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Patterns of Phytodiversity, Ethnobotany, Plant Geography and Vegetation in the Mountains of Miandam, Swat, Northern Pakistan
    EXPLORING PATTERNS OF PHYTODIVERSITY, ETHNOBOTANY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY AND VEGETATION IN THE MOUNTAINS OF MIANDAM, SWAT, NORTHERN PAKISTAN BY Naveed Akhtar M. Phil. Born in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Academic Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Georg-August-University School of Science (GAUSS) under Faculty of Biology Program Biodiversity and Ecology Georg-August-University of Göttingen Göttingen, 2014 ZENTRUM FÜR BIODIVERSITÄT UND NACHHALTIGE LANDNUTZUNG SEKTION BIODIVERSITÄT, ÖKOLOGIE UND NATURSCHUTZ EXPLORING PATTERNS OF PHYTODIVERSITY, ETHNOBOTANY, PLANT GEOGRAPHY AND VEGETATION IN THE MOUNTAINS OF MIANDAM, SWAT, NORTHERN PAKISTAN Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultäten der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Vorgelegt von M.Phil. Naveed Akhtar aus Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Göttingen, 2014 WHEN WE ARE FIVE AND THE APPLES ARE FOUR MY MOTHER SAYS “I DO NOT LIKE APPLES” DEDICATED TO My Mother Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Erwin Bergmeier Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute ofPlant Sciences Department of Vegetation & Phytodiversity Analysis Georg-August-University of Göttingen Untere Karspüle 2 37073, Göttingen, Germany Co-supervisor: Prof. Dr. Dirk Hölscher Department of Tropical Silviculture & Forest Ecology Georg-August-University of Göttingen Büsgenweg 1 37077, Göttingen, Germany Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Guaianolide and Seco-Guaianolide from Salvia Nubicola (Lamiaceae)
    Guaianolide and seco-Guaianolide from Salvia nubicola (Lamiaceae) Muhammad Shaiq Ali, Waqar Ahmed, and Syed Amir Ibrahim H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan Reprint requests to Dr. M. S. Ali. E-mail: [email protected] Z. Naturforsch. 60b, 1012 – 1015 (2005); received December 27, 2004 A sesquiterpene-lactone of the guaianolide class (nubenone) and a seco-guaianolide (nubenoic acid) have been isolated from Salvia nubicola collected in Quetta, Pakistan. Structures of both sesquiterpenes were elucidated with the aid of spectroscopic techniques including two dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Key words: Guaianolide, Nubenone, seco-Guaianolide, Nubenoic Acid, Salvia nubicola Introduction Salvia is one of the famous genera of the family Lamiacea previously called Labiatae comprising about 800 species throughout the world [1]. Most of the members of this genus are known due to their biologi- cally active chemical constituents specifically reported for anti-tumor activity [2]. A number of Salvia species are used in folk medicines. For example, S. cavaleriei is used for the treatment of dysentery, boils and fall in- juries [3], S. desoleria for the treatment of menstrual, digestive and CNS diseases [4] and S. bucharica as traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatic prob- lems. Most of the Salvia plants are rich in essential oils and among their constituents guaiane-sesquiterpenes are the most common [5 – 9]. Fig. 1. Important HMBC in- In continuation of our research on the chemical con- teractions in 1. stituents of Salvia [10 – 19], we have recently pub- lished two articles on S.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin for Gardeners: Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored
    L ATIN for GARDENERS ACANTHUS bear’s breeches Lorraine Harrison is the author of several books, including Inspiring Sussex Gardeners, The Shaker Book of the Garden, How to Read Gardens, and A Potted History of Vegetables: A Kitchen Cornucopia. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 © 2012 Quid Publishing Conceived, designed and produced by Quid Publishing Level 4, Sheridan House 114 Western Road Hove BN3 1DD England Designed by Lindsey Johns All rights reserved. Published 2012. Printed in China 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN-13: 978-0-226-00919-3 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-00922-3 (e-book) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Harrison, Lorraine. Latin for gardeners : over 3,000 plant names explained and explored / Lorraine Harrison. pages ; cm ISBN 978-0-226-00919-3 (cloth : alkaline paper) — ISBN (invalid) 978-0-226-00922-3 (e-book) 1. Latin language—Etymology—Names—Dictionaries. 2. Latin language—Technical Latin—Dictionaries. 3. Plants—Nomenclature—Dictionaries—Latin. 4. Plants—History. I. Title. PA2387.H37 2012 580.1’4—dc23 2012020837 ∞ This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). L ATIN for GARDENERS Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored LORRAINE HARRISON The University of Chicago Press Contents Preface 6 How to Use This Book 8 A Short History of Botanical Latin 9 Jasminum, Botanical Latin for Beginners 10 jasmine (p. 116) An Introduction to the A–Z Listings 13 THE A-Z LISTINGS OF LatIN PlaNT NAMES A from a- to azureus 14 B from babylonicus to byzantinus 37 C from cacaliifolius to cytisoides 45 D from dactyliferus to dyerianum 69 E from e- to eyriesii 79 F from fabaceus to futilis 85 G from gaditanus to gymnocarpus 94 H from haastii to hystrix 102 I from ibericus to ixocarpus 109 J from jacobaeus to juvenilis 115 K from kamtschaticus to kurdicus 117 L from labiatus to lysimachioides 118 Tropaeolum majus, M from macedonicus to myrtifolius 129 nasturtium (p.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Availability List – January 7, 2016
    Plant Availability List – January 7, 2016 I will be initiating major upgrades to the web site during winter of 2015. I Have about finished restocking plants from the spring sales. I will be adding utilities later to the nursery as well as making repairs. Propagation from cuttings usually takes 2 weeks to root. Colored dots indicate forecasted availability. Newly struck cuttings are marked by M. Newly potted cuttings are marked with a blue dot M and will be ready in 10 - 21 days, depending on variety and temperatures. Recently re-acquired and new stock plants are marked by a green dot M. Replacement stock plants I need to find a source of are marked by a magenta dot M. Those items without any dot are mostly plants that I have as established stock plants or am not currently offering. More replacements of lost stock plants will be coming. I restrict distribution of plants labeled PP and especially PPAF to comply with royalty agreements. This depends on the source of my propagation stock. I finally have bought a modest number of plugs of some of the more popular patented selections, like Amistad, Mystic Spires, and the Heatwave and Suncrest Dancer series. And of course, Wendy’s Wish and the new Ember’s Wish and Love and Wishes. This trial year to determine interest in these patented plants has worked out well, and pretty much as expected. Shell Dancer has shown to handle the winter of 2014 - 2015 in western Massachusetts well. What other surprises are there? A number of old plants in stock have been repotted.
    [Show full text]
  • Tesis De Grado
    ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ESCUELA DE BIOQUÍMICA Y FARMACIA “SCREENING DE ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y CITOTÓXICA EN Artemia salina DE: Arcythophyllum thymifolium, Salvia squalens, Justicia chlorostachya, Myrcianthes rhopaloides, Dalea mutisii” TESIS DE GRADO PREVIA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE BIOQUÍMICO FARMACÉUTICO PRESENTADO POR IVÁN DANILO GUFFANTTE SERRANO RIOBAMBA - ECUADOR 2013 DEDICATORIA A Dios por ser mi guía, protección y fuente de sabiduría A mis padres, a mi hermano, a mis apreciados maestros Y a todos mis amigos y seres queridos, quienes me brindaron su apoyo total e incondicional para concluir mi tesis. AGRADECIMIENTO Agradezco a la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Al BQF Fausto Contero, BQF Diego Vinueza, y al Dr. Francisco Portero miembros de mi tesis por su colaboración incondicional en la realización de la presente investigación ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ESCUELA DE BIOQUÍMICA Y FARMACIA El tribunal de Tesis certifica que: El trabajo de investigación: “SCREENING DE ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE Y CITOTÓXICA EN Artemia salina DE: Arcythophyllum thymifolium, Salvia squalens, Justicia chlorostachya, Myrcianthes rhopaloides, Dalea mutisii” de responsabilidad del Sr. Egresado Iván Danilo Guffantte Serrano ha sido prolijamente revisado por los Miembros del Tribunal de Tesis, quedando autorizada su presentación. FIRMA FECHA Dr. Silvio Álvarez ___________________ _____________________ DECANO FAC. CIENCIAS Dr. Iván Ramos ___________________ _____________________
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Assessment of Family Lamiaceae from Pakistan Based on Plastid and Nuclear Sequence Data
    DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Assessment of Family Lamiaceae from Pakistan based on Plastid and Nuclear Sequence Data. By Nadia Batool Zahra Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 2017 DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Assessment of Family Lamiaceae from Pakistan based on Plastid and Nuclear Sequence Data. A thesis submitted in the partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Plant Biotechnology By Nadia Batool Zahra Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 2017 DEDICATED TO MY LOVING PARENTS For their support & prayers CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Index of Figures iii Index of Tables v List of Abbreviations vi Abstract vii Chapter 1 Introduction 1-31 1.1 Family Lamiaceae 1 1.2 Distribution 1 1.3 Medicinal and Economic Importance 2 1.4 Systematics 3 1.4.1 Subfamily Symphorematoideae Briq. 4 1.4.2 Subfamily Viticoideae Briq. 8 1.4.3 Subfamily Ajugoideae Kostel. 10 1.4.4 Subfamily Prostantheroideae Luerss. 12 1.4.5 Subfamily Scutellarioideae (Dumort.) Caruel 13 1.4.6 Subfamily Lamioideae Harley 14 1.4.7 Subfamily Nepetoideae (Dumort.) Luerss. 18 1.5 Molecular phylogenetics 20 1.5.1 Plastid and nuclear regions in angiosperm phylogeny 21 1.6 DNA Barcoding: A tool for standardization of herbal 22 medicinal products (HMPs) 23 1.6.1 What is a DNA Barcode? 1.6.2 Plastid and nuclear markers for DNA barcoding in plants 24 Maturase K gene (matK) 1.6.2.1 Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large 25 subunit gene (rbcL) 1.6.2.2 trnH-psbA intergenic spacer 26 1.6.2.3 Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 26 1.6.2.4 Challenges in DNA barcoding of medicinal plants/herbal 27 products 1.7 Research Objectives 31 Chapter 2 Materials & Methods 33-55 2.1 Section I: DNA Barcoding of herbal medicinal products 33 (HMPs) of Lamiaceae from Pakistan.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction Générale
    REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIREMINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEURE ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE UNIVERSITE SAAD DAHLEB – BLIDA 1 FACULTE DES SCIENCES DEPARTEMENT DE CHIMIE Mémoire présenté par ABBAS Salma & TARED Amina En vue de l’obtention Du diplôme de Master en Chimie Option : Chimie des Produits Naturels Thème Etude de la relation entre la composition chimique et l’activité antioxydante des extraits de deux plantes médicinales Soutenu le 29/09/2020 devant le jury composé de : Mme R. Ziane MAA à l’université Blida 1 Présidente Mme R. Boukaabache MCB à l’université Blida 1 Examinatrice Mme O. Touafek MCA à l’université Blida 1 Promotrice Promotion 2019-2020 Remerciements Nous tenons tout d’abord à remercier Dieu le tout Puissant et Miséricordieux, qui nous a donné la force et la patience d’accomplir ce travail. En second lieu, nous tenons à remercier notre promotrice Mme Ouassila Touafek maître de conférences A, à l’université Saad Dahleb – Blida 1, pour sa simplicité, son attention, sa disponibilité et sa générosité scientifique. Qu’elle soit assurée de notre profonde gratitude pour nous avoir guidée et aidée tout au long de la réalisation de ce mémoire. Nos vifs remerciements vont également aux membres du jury ; Mme R. Ziane (présidente) et Mme R. Boukaabache (examinatrice), d’avoir accepté de juger notre travail et de l’enrichir par leurs propositions. Nous souhaitons également adresser nos remerciements à tous les enseignants du département de Chimie,qui ont contribués à notre formation durant cinq années d’études. Enfin, nous remercions toutes les personnes qui ont participé, de près ou de loin, à la réalisation de ce modeste travail.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Diversity and Conservation ISSN
    www.biodicon.com Biological Diversity and Conservation ISSN 1308-8084 Online; ISSN 1308-5301 Print 9/3 (2016) 91-99 Research article/Araştırma makalesi Conservation status of threatened endemic flora of Western Himalayas Sultan-Ud-DIN 1, Mukhtar ALAM 2, Habib AHMAD 3, Haider ALI 4, Hidayat ULLAH * 2 1 Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra-21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 2 Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 3 Departments of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra-21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 4 Center for Plant Science and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 5* Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Abstract The present paper reports the findings of field surveys conducted over period (2011-2013) in 31 localities of North-West Pakistan for assessing the diversity of phanerogams. No comprehensive floristic studies have been carried out in line with standard methods and internationally accepted criteria of IUCN for categorization of threat level. A total of 1965 specimens were collected comprising of 512 taxa belonging to 107 families and 340 genera. In total 240 (47%) of the species were assessed as threatened. Assessment carried out for 161 species showed that 29 (18%) of the species were Critically Endangered (CE), 55 (34%) were Endangered (EN), 51 (32%) were Vulnerable (VU), and 26 (16%) were Near Threatened (NT). The remaining 272 species fell in the Least Concern (LC) category. Six of the CE species had less than 10 species in their respective area of occupancy (AOO). The major threats to plant biodiversity in the study area are: collection for medicinal use, over-grazing, use as fuel wood or timber, land clearing and erosion, faced by 113, 93, 73, 72 and 61 species respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Analysis of Vascular Flora of Ayubia National Park, Kpk, Pakistan: a Classical Example of Moist Temperate Himalaya
    SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF VASCULAR FLORA OF AYUBIA NATIONAL PARK, KPK, PAKISTAN: A CLASSICAL EXAMPLE OF MOIST TEMPERATE HIMALAYA 1 Rabia Afza , Habib Ahmad2, Zafeer Saqib, Khan Bahadar Marwat3, Jawad Khan4, Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan1, Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan2 Department of Environmental Sciences, IIUI, Islamabad Shaheed Benazir Bhutto (SBB) University, Sheringal, Dir Upper3, Pakistan Govt. Degree collage, Zaida, Swabi, KPK, Pakistan4 *E-mail of the corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The current study analyzed the diversity of vascular flora in relation to the prevailing environmental gradients of Ayubia National Park (ANP) of 33km2 area. The phyto- environmental physiognomies of ANP were analyzed by multivariate techniques. The data analysis was based on indicator species concept and presence only data to classify and ordinate species distribution. The hierarchical clustering by Bray-Curtis method and ordination by Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) identified major plant communities in the Park. The study revealed that some environmental factors have a determining role in defining and shaping the key vegetation classes and species richness in the area. NMDS-Ordination indicated elevation (Pr› 0.001) as highly significant environmental gradient followed by stream power index (Pr› 0.012) and slope length factor (Pr› 0.025) in plant species distribution. The study recommends important phytosociological parameters for species distribution that may facilitate conservation of biodiversity and developing future strategies for mountain ecosystems. Key words: Ayubia National Park; vascular flora; multivariate analysis; biodiversity conservation. Introduction The Himalayan region is the world’s highest and geologically youngest mountainous province (Burchfiel & Royeden, 1985) with distinct biodiversity and is therefore consequently important for ecologiests and biodiversity conservationists of the world (Mool et al., 2001).
    [Show full text]